Verified by 
Many people who suffer from chronic pain are cigarette smokers. In fact, recent epidemiological and clinical data indicate that the prevalence of smoking among those in pain may be up to twice the rate found in the general population.[1]
In general, people start smoking as teenagers and continue the habit into adulthood as a way to help them relax or cope with life’s pressures. Those in chronic pain may start or continue to smoke because they believe it helps alleviate the stress and discomfort associated with their condition.
However, the irony is that smoking may in fact cause chronic pain and even make it worse. For example, research shows that smoking can cause lower back pain and rheumatoid arthritis. Smoking is also linked to the prevalence and severity of several chronic pain conditions, including:
- Headaches
- Fibromyalgia (a rheumatic condition that causes widespread pain and tenderness in the joints)
- Dyspepsia (discomfort in the upper abdomen or chest)
- Menstrual pain
- Joint pain
- Osteoarthritis
Another area of concern is that smokers who suffer from chronic pain are less likely to be physically active. As a person’s pain increases, they tend to smoke more and exercise less. This contributes to an overall imbalance of physical health.
For the patient who is also dealing with dependence on prescription pain medications, research shows that long-term recovery success is achieved when smoking cessation is undertaken in conjunction with a comprehensive chronic pain treatment regimen.
The goal is always to help patients take back control of their lives. That means not just becoming functional and free of addictive substances, but being active and healthy so they can participate in and enjoy every single moment.
[1] Ditre, J. W., Brandon, T. H., Zale, E. L., & Meagher, M. M. (2011). Pain, Nicotine, and Smoking: Research Findings and Mechanistic Considerations. Psychological Bulletin, 137(6), 1065–1093. doi:10.1037/a0025544
