Therapists in Western Cape

View cities and districts in Western Cape
Photo of Lauren Kaylin Pietersen, HPCSA - Counsellor, Registered Counsellor
Lauren Kaylin Pietersen
Registered Counsellor, HPCSA - Counsellor
Verified Verified
I am a registered counsellor, registered with the HPCSA. I have a striking passion for personal development, and I offer individual counselling to adolescents and adults. My services include but are not limited to counselling for depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, emotion management, personal development, trauma related issues and employee wellness. My warm and empathetic nature allows me to cultivate effective client-counsellor relationships which can both encourage and provide a safe space for client growth and development.
I am a registered counsellor, registered with the HPCSA. I have a striking passion for personal development, and I offer individual counselling to adolescents and adults. My services include but are not limited to counselling for depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, emotion management, personal development, trauma related issues and employee wellness. My warm and empathetic nature allows me to cultivate effective client-counsellor relationships which can both encourage and provide a safe space for client growth and development.
087 250 0782 x33 View 087 250 0782 x33
Photo of Jessica Dilley, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Jessica Dilley
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
My primary focus is working with children, adolescents, parents and adults who are seeking awareness and mastery over their presenting difficulties. I provide therapeutic services to individuals with diverse backgrounds and life challenges. The one constant theme I come across in practice is the innate wisdom and resilience of my clients. I believe the therapeutic relationship is the key foundation in building a safe and authentic space, which is imperative for healing and growth.
My primary focus is working with children, adolescents, parents and adults who are seeking awareness and mastery over their presenting difficulties. I provide therapeutic services to individuals with diverse backgrounds and life challenges. The one constant theme I come across in practice is the innate wisdom and resilience of my clients. I believe the therapeutic relationship is the key foundation in building a safe and authentic space, which is imperative for healing and growth.
087 250 2477 x65 View 087 250 2477 x65
Photo of Zelma Opland, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Zelma Opland
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Hi. I have been in practice for 33 years and continue to be passionate about what I do. I work with high functioning adults using a form of Psychotherapy which I have developed called Therapeutic Coaching. I am interactive in my approach whilst having been trained as a Depth Psychologist. What this means is that I am trained to identify my clients' underlying issues, childhood traumas, depression, anxiety etc. but work in a very interactive way in dealing with these. I work with individuals as well as with couples and have a reputation for working successfully with challenging couples who are in crisis.
Hi. I have been in practice for 33 years and continue to be passionate about what I do. I work with high functioning adults using a form of Psychotherapy which I have developed called Therapeutic Coaching. I am interactive in my approach whilst having been trained as a Depth Psychologist. What this means is that I am trained to identify my clients' underlying issues, childhood traumas, depression, anxiety etc. but work in a very interactive way in dealing with these. I work with individuals as well as with couples and have a reputation for working successfully with challenging couples who are in crisis.
View
Photo of Siphelele Msawenkosi Nguse, MSocSci, HPCSA - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Siphelele Msawenkosi Nguse
Psychologist, MSocSci, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
N1 City 7460
I am a Clinical Psychologist focusing on depression, anxiety, trauma, stress-related difficulties, suicidality, substance use and addiction, interpersonal and relational difficulties, and behavioural challenges. I also conduct forensic psychology assessments for court-related matters and employee wellness interventions. I conduct psychotherapy with individuals and groups from 11 years old, adults and the elderly. I work from a psychodynamic perspective to develop insight, optimize personal growth and healing. I am competent in different modalities; therefore, therapy is tailored according to your needs. This is your space!
I am a Clinical Psychologist focusing on depression, anxiety, trauma, stress-related difficulties, suicidality, substance use and addiction, interpersonal and relational difficulties, and behavioural challenges. I also conduct forensic psychology assessments for court-related matters and employee wellness interventions. I conduct psychotherapy with individuals and groups from 11 years old, adults and the elderly. I work from a psychodynamic perspective to develop insight, optimize personal growth and healing. I am competent in different modalities; therefore, therapy is tailored according to your needs. This is your space!
087 250 2748 x16 View 087 250 2748 x16
Photo of Robyn Jane Wolff - private, Registered Counsellor
private
Registered Counsellor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
As a dedicated and compassionate person, I bring a unique and transformative, evidence based focus on trauma recovery through the lens of mindfulness . My journey in the mental health profession has been shaped by a deep understanding of the profound impact that trauma can have on individuals , and my commitment to provide holistic and empowering support . My professional foundation is built on a solid 14 year academic background , having earned my bachelor of psychology degree and a post grad in mindfulness from Stellnbosch faculty of family medicine.
As a dedicated and compassionate person, I bring a unique and transformative, evidence based focus on trauma recovery through the lens of mindfulness . My journey in the mental health profession has been shaped by a deep understanding of the profound impact that trauma can have on individuals , and my commitment to provide holistic and empowering support . My professional foundation is built on a solid 14 year academic background , having earned my bachelor of psychology degree and a post grad in mindfulness from Stellnbosch faculty of family medicine.
087 250 2477 x45 View 087 250 2477 x45
Photo of Bertus Swanepoel, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Bertus Swanepoel
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
I assist individuals and couples to create a more meaningful life, despite difficulties.
I assist individuals and couples to create a more meaningful life, despite difficulties.
087 250 0162 x72 View 087 250 0162 x72
Photo of Chanelle Bunting, General Counsellor
Chanelle Bunting
General Counsellor
Verified Verified
Not accepting new clients
If you are seeking a Counsellor, then you may be feeling anxious and overwhelmed by your life circumstances. A crisis can threaten your emotional or physical well-being and can interfere with the functioning of your daily living. Events such as unplanned pregnancies, relationship breakdowns, illnesses such as COVID and other traumatic and life-threatening experiences can all be navigated and strategic interventions implemented. Putting a voice to your feelings often puts thoughts and emotions into perspective and is the start of healing an overwhelmed spirit.
If you are seeking a Counsellor, then you may be feeling anxious and overwhelmed by your life circumstances. A crisis can threaten your emotional or physical well-being and can interfere with the functioning of your daily living. Events such as unplanned pregnancies, relationship breakdowns, illnesses such as COVID and other traumatic and life-threatening experiences can all be navigated and strategic interventions implemented. Putting a voice to your feelings often puts thoughts and emotions into perspective and is the start of healing an overwhelmed spirit.
087 250 0914 x82 View 087 250 0914 x82
Photo of Rev. Frans Redelinghuys, MA, HPCSA - Ind. Psych., Psychologist
Rev. Frans Redelinghuys
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Ind. Psych.
Verified Verified
Not accepting new clients
I'm practicing in Kleinmond as HPCSA registered Psychologist (Industrial) and CPSC registered "Advanced Specialist in Pastoral Counselling". I can help with counselling for clients with various life-challenges. Degrees completed: BA, BD (Theol); Mth (Spirituality); BA-Hons (Psych); BA-Hons, MA (Ind Psych). Last 4 degrees: Cum Laude. Wide range of experience on Pastoral, Spiritual, Psychological and Industrial Psychological issues. I've trained within a wide range of modalities and can offer specialized face to face counselling towards healing, growth, transformation, wellbeing and flourishing.
I'm practicing in Kleinmond as HPCSA registered Psychologist (Industrial) and CPSC registered "Advanced Specialist in Pastoral Counselling". I can help with counselling for clients with various life-challenges. Degrees completed: BA, BD (Theol); Mth (Spirituality); BA-Hons (Psych); BA-Hons, MA (Ind Psych). Last 4 degrees: Cum Laude. Wide range of experience on Pastoral, Spiritual, Psychological and Industrial Psychological issues. I've trained within a wide range of modalities and can offer specialized face to face counselling towards healing, growth, transformation, wellbeing and flourishing.
087 250 0536 x74 View 087 250 0536 x74
Photo of Shona Erica Tewitz, ASCHP Specialist Wellness Counsellor, General Counsellor
Shona Erica Tewitz
General Counsellor, ASCHP Specialist Wellness Counsellor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Life changes so quickly, and that can feel stressful. Whether these changes are moving to a new place/ school, relationship issues, or even issues in the sport you play. These changes can be overwhelming and scary, but you are not alone. Talking to someone can be beneficial to understanding and sorting through your emotions, thoughts, and feelings. It can help when you don't know what you feel or how to cope with life events.
Life changes so quickly, and that can feel stressful. Whether these changes are moving to a new place/ school, relationship issues, or even issues in the sport you play. These changes can be overwhelming and scary, but you are not alone. Talking to someone can be beneficial to understanding and sorting through your emotions, thoughts, and feelings. It can help when you don't know what you feel or how to cope with life events.
087 250 2477 x61 View 087 250 2477 x61
Photo of Melissa Hattingh, General Counsellor
Melissa Hattingh
General Counsellor
Verified Verified
Hello, I am Melissa Hattingh, a committed and sympathetic specialist wellness counsellor who is passionate about assisting people in overcoming their unique obstacles in life. I offer a fresh perspective and unrelenting dedication to each client. In addition to my experience in counselling, I am a Christian student with Aserac, which enables me to incorporate spiritual teachings into my work with clients who want direction from a religious standpoint. My approach to counselling is centered around four core principles: Creating a safe space, individualised care, compassionate listening and holistic well-being.
Hello, I am Melissa Hattingh, a committed and sympathetic specialist wellness counsellor who is passionate about assisting people in overcoming their unique obstacles in life. I offer a fresh perspective and unrelenting dedication to each client. In addition to my experience in counselling, I am a Christian student with Aserac, which enables me to incorporate spiritual teachings into my work with clients who want direction from a religious standpoint. My approach to counselling is centered around four core principles: Creating a safe space, individualised care, compassionate listening and holistic well-being.
087 250 2464 x83 View 087 250 2464 x83
Photo of Dorianne Groenewald (Prince), HPCSA - Counsellor, Registered Counsellor
Dorianne Groenewald (Prince)
Registered Counsellor, HPCSA - Counsellor
Verified Verified
In my practice, I see clients from all walks of life, they often have one thing in common, trauma. Each individual’s experience with trauma is unique, just like our DNA is unique to us. There is no one size fits all method to unpacking and processing what has been traumatic to you. Therefore, it is a collaboration between myself, the counsellor and you, the client, to ensure that the therapeutic process is successful in reaching the goals you have set out to reach. Clients who want to gain control over disempowering moments and memories in a safe environment will feel at home in my office.
In my practice, I see clients from all walks of life, they often have one thing in common, trauma. Each individual’s experience with trauma is unique, just like our DNA is unique to us. There is no one size fits all method to unpacking and processing what has been traumatic to you. Therefore, it is a collaboration between myself, the counsellor and you, the client, to ensure that the therapeutic process is successful in reaching the goals you have set out to reach. Clients who want to gain control over disempowering moments and memories in a safe environment will feel at home in my office.
087 250 2748 x78 View 087 250 2748 x78
Photo of Tamrin-Kaye Van Reenen, ASCHP Wellness Counsellor, General Counsellor
Tamrin-Kaye Van Reenen
General Counsellor, ASCHP Wellness Counsellor
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Grassy Park 7941  (Online Only)
Many of us have experienced some heartbreaking and challenging times in our lives to the point where we feel damaged, broken and irreparable. We forget that there is always room for improvement and we can always start afresh. I want MARS Wellness Counselling to be a safe and comfortable space for you to be yourself while learning how to take care of yourself. May it also be the space for you to take a chance to mend and rebuild your life wherever you may find yourself at this point in time. I believe that just by being present, empathetic and making someone feel seen and heard can work wonders for one's soul.
Many of us have experienced some heartbreaking and challenging times in our lives to the point where we feel damaged, broken and irreparable. We forget that there is always room for improvement and we can always start afresh. I want MARS Wellness Counselling to be a safe and comfortable space for you to be yourself while learning how to take care of yourself. May it also be the space for you to take a chance to mend and rebuild your life wherever you may find yourself at this point in time. I believe that just by being present, empathetic and making someone feel seen and heard can work wonders for one's soul.
087 250 2464 x80 View 087 250 2464 x80
Photo of Jomari de Beer, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Jomari de Beer
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
I'm a clinical psychologist and I love what I do. I provide therapy to adolescents and adults using an integrative approach. I draw on different modalities like person-centred therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), Brain Working Recursive Therapy (BWRT - Level 1), Mindfulness, Resource Therapy, Somatic Experiencing, and Trauma and Tension Release Excercizes (TRE). The therapeutic relationship is the most important part of therapy and is based on authentic connection, compassion, empathy, a non-judgemental stance, and unconditional positive regard for the client.
I'm a clinical psychologist and I love what I do. I provide therapy to adolescents and adults using an integrative approach. I draw on different modalities like person-centred therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), Brain Working Recursive Therapy (BWRT - Level 1), Mindfulness, Resource Therapy, Somatic Experiencing, and Trauma and Tension Release Excercizes (TRE). The therapeutic relationship is the most important part of therapy and is based on authentic connection, compassion, empathy, a non-judgemental stance, and unconditional positive regard for the client.
087 250 0592 x99 View 087 250 0592 x99
Photo of Dr. Natalia Berghoff, PhD, Psychologist
Dr. Natalia Berghoff
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
I am a Neuropsychologist specialising in the review and understanding of the relationship between changes and differences in one’s brain and how this affects cognition and behaviour. I work with patients of all ages, covering assessments & diagnoses for individuals with changes to their brain, whether from developmental differences (e.g., ADHD, Autism), injury to their brain (e.g., traumatic brain injury), cerebrovascular disease (e.g., Stroke), or neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., various Dementia’s). I am also trained and experienced in Autism diagnostic assessments.
I am a Neuropsychologist specialising in the review and understanding of the relationship between changes and differences in one’s brain and how this affects cognition and behaviour. I work with patients of all ages, covering assessments & diagnoses for individuals with changes to their brain, whether from developmental differences (e.g., ADHD, Autism), injury to their brain (e.g., traumatic brain injury), cerebrovascular disease (e.g., Stroke), or neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., various Dementia’s). I am also trained and experienced in Autism diagnostic assessments.
087 250 0902 x26 View 087 250 0902 x26
Photo of Angé Nespola, MPsych, HPCSA - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Angé Nespola
Psychologist, MPsych, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seeking therapy can be daunting, so I'd like to tell you about my therapeutic approach and what you can expect. Through psychotherapy I journey with you in the pursuit of self-awareness and healing. ​In my sessions I promote gaining insight into yourself and processing emotions linked to past and present experiences. We will work to explore current difficulties and I will provide you with valuable tools to cope with life’s obstacles. In your first session you and I will discuss your needs and treatment goals to assist in personalising your therapeutic experience. 
Seeking therapy can be daunting, so I'd like to tell you about my therapeutic approach and what you can expect. Through psychotherapy I journey with you in the pursuit of self-awareness and healing. ​In my sessions I promote gaining insight into yourself and processing emotions linked to past and present experiences. We will work to explore current difficulties and I will provide you with valuable tools to cope with life’s obstacles. In your first session you and I will discuss your needs and treatment goals to assist in personalising your therapeutic experience. 
View
Photo of Courtenay Pottow, HPCSA - Counsellor, Registered Counsellor
Courtenay Pottow
Registered Counsellor, HPCSA - Counsellor
Verified Verified
Gardens 8001
I am an organised & empathic Registered Counsellor (HPCSA) with a positively infectious personality. I have experience in multiple areas of practice within the mental health sphere, & I have a keen interest in one-on-one counselling for people of all ages. I fiercely advocate for my clients & I believe that all deserve access to quality mental healthcare.
I am an organised & empathic Registered Counsellor (HPCSA) with a positively infectious personality. I have experience in multiple areas of practice within the mental health sphere, & I have a keen interest in one-on-one counselling for people of all ages. I fiercely advocate for my clients & I believe that all deserve access to quality mental healthcare.
087 250 0513 x62 View 087 250 0513 x62
Photo of Arnfried Klein-Werner, General Counsellor
Arnfried Klein-Werner
General Counsellor
Verified Verified
Not accepting new clients
The pain of continued relational conflict, that just never seems to be resolved can eat at your soul, leaving you feeling alone and exhausted. The desire to have your partner know your pain and see your hurt is what you long for. Whether the pain has been caused by them, or whether you suffer from the pain of abuse at the hands of caregivers or others in your childhood, you want someone to know and understand what you are going through. You want the pain to stop and become free and whole. Sometimes you just wish you could run away.
The pain of continued relational conflict, that just never seems to be resolved can eat at your soul, leaving you feeling alone and exhausted. The desire to have your partner know your pain and see your hurt is what you long for. Whether the pain has been caused by them, or whether you suffer from the pain of abuse at the hands of caregivers or others in your childhood, you want someone to know and understand what you are going through. You want the pain to stop and become free and whole. Sometimes you just wish you could run away.
087 250 0412 x92 View 087 250 0412 x92
Leanie Brits
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Parklands 7441  (Online Only)
In dealing with life's challenges and pressures people may often find themselves feeling demotivated, discouraged and stuck. The demands of different life roles and multiple responsibilities may often lead to high stress levels and even a sense of burnout. Through counselling and therapy life challenges can be explored, and through a problem solving and impactful approach it could bring about solutions to foster new resilience, wellbeing and meaning.
In dealing with life's challenges and pressures people may often find themselves feeling demotivated, discouraged and stuck. The demands of different life roles and multiple responsibilities may often lead to high stress levels and even a sense of burnout. Through counselling and therapy life challenges can be explored, and through a problem solving and impactful approach it could bring about solutions to foster new resilience, wellbeing and meaning.
087 250 0160 x42 View 087 250 0160 x42
Photo of Diederi Kruger, PhD, HPCSA - Ed. Psych., Psychologist
Diederi Kruger
Psychologist, PhD, HPCSA - Ed. Psych.
Verified Verified
There are times in life when seeing a therapist can help, whether you are battling with academic challenges, have recently experienced a traumatic loss or life change, or are dealing with problems concerning your family, work or handling stress. You don't need an excuse to see a therapist - if there are issues in your life that you want to talk about, or you are simply feeling down, seeing a therapist can help, even if it's on just a short-term basis. I have been a therapist for 20 years. I have a Ph.D. in Educational Psychology and specializes in sexual abuse - adolescents and adults welcomed.
There are times in life when seeing a therapist can help, whether you are battling with academic challenges, have recently experienced a traumatic loss or life change, or are dealing with problems concerning your family, work or handling stress. You don't need an excuse to see a therapist - if there are issues in your life that you want to talk about, or you are simply feeling down, seeing a therapist can help, even if it's on just a short-term basis. I have been a therapist for 20 years. I have a Ph.D. in Educational Psychology and specializes in sexual abuse - adolescents and adults welcomed.
087 250 0162 x60 View 087 250 0162 x60
Photo of Amy Shirley, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Amy Shirley
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Knysna 6571  (Online Only)
I am a warm, passionate and professional Counselling Psychologist. I work with teens, adults and couples online. I have worked with a vast array of presenting difficulties in varied contexts, and tailor therapy to your needs.
I am a warm, passionate and professional Counselling Psychologist. I work with teens, adults and couples online. I have worked with a vast array of presenting difficulties in varied contexts, and tailor therapy to your needs.
087 250 0592 x11 View 087 250 0592 x11
1
...

See more therapy options for Western Cape

How does your Counsellor compare?

Average cost per session

R700

Counsellors in Western Cape who prioritize treating:

71% Anxiety
64% Self Esteem
64% Stress
63% Relationship Issues
56% Depression
56% Coping Skills
54% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

94% Discovery Health
89% Bonitas
81% Momentum

How Counsellors in Western Cape see their clients

86% In Person and Online
14% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Western Cape?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Psychologists listed in the directory are registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). The majority of General Counsellors featured in the directory align themselves with reputable professional bodies, particularly the Association for Supportive Counsellors and Holistic Practitioners. All Registered Counsellors listed must be registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered with the South African Council for Social Service Professionals.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for general counsellors in South Africa, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in South Africa.

Psychologists have five years training in psychology, have completed an internship over 12 months, and have completed the National Examination of the Professional Board for Psychology. They must be registered with Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). Registered Counsellors must have at least four years of study at a university or college, such as the Bachelor of Psychology and have completed the National Examination of the Professional Board for Psychology. General counsellors, such as Supportive Counsellors, Holistic Counsellors, and Wellness Counsellors, registered with the ASCHP must possess at least an NQF Level 4 qualification. Social Workers must possess a Bachelor of Social Work and must have completed an approved internship in the social service sector.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in South Africa could be between R600 and R1,500. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are registered with the HPCSA and professional organisations such as PsySSA or the ASCHP are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client, or as required by law, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.