Therapists in Rondebosch East
![Photo of Yanga Vava - Dr Y Vava, MBChB, HPCSA - Psychiatrist, Psychiatrist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e3f0c78f-9752-464f-88a8-0c817e1cbdfb/1/320x400.jpeg)
Dr Y Vava
Psychiatrist, MBChB, HPCSA - Psychiatrist
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Rondebosch East 7780
I am a psychiatrist, that is, a doctor who is able to diagnose and treat mental disorders such as mood, anxiety, personality and psychotic disorders
I am a psychiatrist, that is, a doctor who is able to diagnose and treat mental disorders such as mood, anxiety, personality and psychotic disorders
![Photo of Adhila Rahiman - Bloom Room Counselling, BSocSci Hons, General Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4e5cb88a-4b5b-40a5-891b-29f3c186145d/2/320x400.jpeg)
Bloom Room Counselling
General Counsellor, BSocSci Hons
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Rondebosch East 7780
With a deep understanding of the complexities that families face in today's fast-paced world, I am committed to creating a supportive and nurturing space for moms, parents, and children to navigate life's challenges. Drawing on a diverse background in mental health, I am well-versed in addressing a wide range of issues, from everyday parenting concerns to more complex emotional and behavioural challenges. I specialize in tailoring therapeutic approaches to meet the unique needs of families. Whether you're a mom juggling multiple roles, a parent navigating the intricate dynamics of family life, or a child grappling with the ups and
With a deep understanding of the complexities that families face in today's fast-paced world, I am committed to creating a supportive and nurturing space for moms, parents, and children to navigate life's challenges. Drawing on a diverse background in mental health, I am well-versed in addressing a wide range of issues, from everyday parenting concerns to more complex emotional and behavioural challenges. I specialize in tailoring therapeutic approaches to meet the unique needs of families. Whether you're a mom juggling multiple roles, a parent navigating the intricate dynamics of family life, or a child grappling with the ups and
![Photo of Kim Castle, ASCHP Specialist Wellness Counsellor, General Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/be4f423b-9426-48e1-a0a8-8ab3b8e3792f/1/320x400.jpeg)
Kim Castle
General Counsellor, ASCHP Specialist Wellness Counsellor
Verified Verified
Rondebosch East 7780
My ideal client is someone experiencing chronic pain, interpersonal challenges, and seeking guidance in navigating life. They aspire to improve their mental health, enhance overall well-being, and cultivate a higher quality of life. Their goals include finding effective coping strategies, building healthier relationships, and gaining the tools to navigate life's complexities with resilience and fulfillment.
My ideal client is someone experiencing chronic pain, interpersonal challenges, and seeking guidance in navigating life. They aspire to improve their mental health, enhance overall well-being, and cultivate a higher quality of life. Their goals include finding effective coping strategies, building healthier relationships, and gaining the tools to navigate life's complexities with resilience and fulfillment.
![Photo of Beulah Marks, MPsych, HPCSA - Clin. Psych., Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f37f7087-a9eb-4122-b221-d3dc7f64a62a/3/320x400.jpeg)
Life presents us all with challenges. You may be entering a new phase in your life. You may see repeated patterns that negatively impact you, your work and your relationships. Perhaps the uncertainty of COVID-19 has left you contemplating your identity and seeking meaning and purpose in your place in the world. You wish to make sense of the influences of belief, race, class or other systems and the accompanying feelings these evoke. However much (or little) you desire a change or a fresh perspective on life, it's natural to want someone to help you navigate the discomfort and achieve your goals.
Life presents us all with challenges. You may be entering a new phase in your life. You may see repeated patterns that negatively impact you, your work and your relationships. Perhaps the uncertainty of COVID-19 has left you contemplating your identity and seeking meaning and purpose in your place in the world. You wish to make sense of the influences of belief, race, class or other systems and the accompanying feelings these evoke. However much (or little) you desire a change or a fresh perspective on life, it's natural to want someone to help you navigate the discomfort and achieve your goals.
![Photo of Maryam Khan Waglay, MA, HPCSA - Ind. Psych., Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3fd2e206-2e13-4237-b426-b6dd718f3bed/3/320x400.jpeg)
Hi, My name is Maryam Khan Waglay, Psychologist, specializing in various forms of Counselling with individuals and groups. My client issues stem from personal and work related problems. My interest is Employee wellness, Organizational challenges, Career Coaching and Trauma therapy using specialist knowledge in Counselling and coaching, rooted in psychological principles; organizational development, HR consulting, career development & assessments. I offer counselling for anxiety, depression, stress, self esteem and confidence building utilizing various assessments and psychometric evaluations.
Hi, My name is Maryam Khan Waglay, Psychologist, specializing in various forms of Counselling with individuals and groups. My client issues stem from personal and work related problems. My interest is Employee wellness, Organizational challenges, Career Coaching and Trauma therapy using specialist knowledge in Counselling and coaching, rooted in psychological principles; organizational development, HR consulting, career development & assessments. I offer counselling for anxiety, depression, stress, self esteem and confidence building utilizing various assessments and psychometric evaluations.
![Photo of Jessica Mayson Arts Therapist (Drama Therapy), MA, General Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/00c61931-c606-48f4-8b17-e896c4060598/1/320x400.jpeg)
Jessica Mayson Arts Therapist (Drama Therapy)
General Counsellor, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Rondebosch East 7780
My therapy practice is a containing, curious, creative space for those who are seeking to understand and welcome all the parts of themselves. We often get stuck in patterns and set narratives, and struggle to imagine anything different – for ourselves or our relationships. I cannot provide solutions, but in a confidential and safe therapy relationship, I can walk alongside you as we try to understand your hurt, your health and your healing. I am passionate about working with women and those who are navigating life transitions, loss and shifting intergenerational patterns. My approach is humanistic, trauma-informed, & psychodynamic.
My therapy practice is a containing, curious, creative space for those who are seeking to understand and welcome all the parts of themselves. We often get stuck in patterns and set narratives, and struggle to imagine anything different – for ourselves or our relationships. I cannot provide solutions, but in a confidential and safe therapy relationship, I can walk alongside you as we try to understand your hurt, your health and your healing. I am passionate about working with women and those who are navigating life transitions, loss and shifting intergenerational patterns. My approach is humanistic, trauma-informed, & psychodynamic.
More Therapists Nearby
![Photo of Kayla Bull, HPCSA - Counsellor, Registered Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4347eb65-fb40-42e4-ae1b-9c889c54130b/1/320x400.jpeg)
Are you looking to confront your emotional struggles and embark on a journey towards personal growth? Maybe you're grappling with anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship conflicts, or life transitions. If you're seeking support and coping strategies to navigate life's complexities, I offer short-term solution-focused therapy. Counselling with me provides a space without judgment, to explore your emotions, thoughts, and behaviors, and to gain insight into healthy and unhealthy patterns.
Are you looking to confront your emotional struggles and embark on a journey towards personal growth? Maybe you're grappling with anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship conflicts, or life transitions. If you're seeking support and coping strategies to navigate life's complexities, I offer short-term solution-focused therapy. Counselling with me provides a space without judgment, to explore your emotions, thoughts, and behaviors, and to gain insight into healthy and unhealthy patterns.
![Photo of Sue-Lee Henning, BSocSci Hons, HPCSA - Counsellor, Registered Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/db69fa55-8218-478e-b08a-848345209724/2/320x400.png)
Sue-Lee Henning
Registered Counsellor, BSocSci Hons, HPCSA - Counsellor
Verified Verified
Rondebosch 7700
As a fellow traveller on life's journey, I'm here to walk alongside you as your trusted guide. With my HPCSA certification and passion for empowering individuals, I'm committed to nurturing your holistic well-being. In our sessions, you'll find not just a counselor, but a compassionate ally who values your unique experiences and perspectives. Together, we'll craft a roadmap towards growth and healing, where your voice shapes every step of the way. Beyond the counselling room, you'll find me embracing the beauty of the outdoors, indulging in the art of baking, and cherishing moments with my loved ones.
As a fellow traveller on life's journey, I'm here to walk alongside you as your trusted guide. With my HPCSA certification and passion for empowering individuals, I'm committed to nurturing your holistic well-being. In our sessions, you'll find not just a counselor, but a compassionate ally who values your unique experiences and perspectives. Together, we'll craft a roadmap towards growth and healing, where your voice shapes every step of the way. Beyond the counselling room, you'll find me embracing the beauty of the outdoors, indulging in the art of baking, and cherishing moments with my loved ones.
![Photo of Gill Molteno, MA, HPCSA - Ed. Psych., Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/71903280-3d28-4a67-a89e-cb350cd88743/1/320x400.jpeg)
I have been practising as a psychologist for seventeen years in private practice and in educational settings. I am passionate about working with tweens (age 11 and older), teenagers and young adults (age 18-30). I assist tweens and teens with issues such as anxiety, low mood, perfectionism, and relationship and friendship difficulties. In my adult work my areas of interest are anxiety, depression, loss/grief, self-esteem, identity, relationship difficulties, stress, burnout and personal transitions. I find it is so helpful for people to talk through challenging issues in order to feel supported and to find a way through.
I have been practising as a psychologist for seventeen years in private practice and in educational settings. I am passionate about working with tweens (age 11 and older), teenagers and young adults (age 18-30). I assist tweens and teens with issues such as anxiety, low mood, perfectionism, and relationship and friendship difficulties. In my adult work my areas of interest are anxiety, depression, loss/grief, self-esteem, identity, relationship difficulties, stress, burnout and personal transitions. I find it is so helpful for people to talk through challenging issues in order to feel supported and to find a way through.
![Photo of Natascha Simone Stallkamp, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych., Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4d9fa493-1927-41cb-b81c-ac9085bacc3a/1/320x400.jpeg)
Whether you are struggling with a mental health issue or looking for support for a loved one, you have made the brave first step of seeking help. People seek psychotherapy for various reasons. Some need treatment for a mental illness, others use therapy to gain insight and self-awareness or to grow as a person.
Whether you are struggling with a mental health issue or looking for support for a loved one, you have made the brave first step of seeking help. People seek psychotherapy for various reasons. Some need treatment for a mental illness, others use therapy to gain insight and self-awareness or to grow as a person.
![Photo of Lisa Wolfaardt, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych., Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/9c83120c-9ed6-4ffb-beec-3569e06e7de5/2/320x400.jpeg)
Sometimes we feel overwhelmed by life's challenges, or experience difficulties in personal relationships with others. You might find it difficult to overcome challenges, keeping you from living life to the fullest. Many of us have experienced trauma or very painful events. You may have a longing to connect with your partner but feel stuck or finding you are repeating the same patterns leaving you feeling alone and disconnected from each other. If this is the case, I can assist you in navigating these challenges within your own personal values and belief system, in order for you to live a life worth living.
Sometimes we feel overwhelmed by life's challenges, or experience difficulties in personal relationships with others. You might find it difficult to overcome challenges, keeping you from living life to the fullest. Many of us have experienced trauma or very painful events. You may have a longing to connect with your partner but feel stuck or finding you are repeating the same patterns leaving you feeling alone and disconnected from each other. If this is the case, I can assist you in navigating these challenges within your own personal values and belief system, in order for you to live a life worth living.
![Photo of Briony Kramer, MPsych, HPCSA - Clin. Psych., Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1ae197a4-7d78-4454-a086-c40d61ade368/2/320x400.jpeg)
Hi, I'm a clinical psychologist registered in both SA and the UK. My practice is centered around supporting individuals through a variety of challenges including anxiety, depression, life changes, OCD-related issues, and body image concerns. I also have extensive experience working with adolescents and children.
Hi, I'm a clinical psychologist registered in both SA and the UK. My practice is centered around supporting individuals through a variety of challenges including anxiety, depression, life changes, OCD-related issues, and body image concerns. I also have extensive experience working with adolescents and children.
![Photo of Noeleen van der Leek, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych., Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/46a29ee6-5c10-40f0-9cc8-58eac0e55419/1/320x400.jpeg)
Therapy, counselling, coaching the list is endless. My goal is to find the right fit for you as client. Whether it’s a short term solution or a more in-depth exploration of negative behaviors, emotions or patterns there is a fit. I believe each individual has the ability to resolve personal problems on a certain level. The level depends on the individual, their resources, time, financial, social and environmental constraints. Working together we find what’s right for you!
Therapy, counselling, coaching the list is endless. My goal is to find the right fit for you as client. Whether it’s a short term solution or a more in-depth exploration of negative behaviors, emotions or patterns there is a fit. I believe each individual has the ability to resolve personal problems on a certain level. The level depends on the individual, their resources, time, financial, social and environmental constraints. Working together we find what’s right for you!
![Photo of Clive Hartsman, MPsych, HPCSA - Clin. Psych., Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/6253babd-3597-4d7d-9bff-3a1ebca5863d/2/320x400.jpeg)
Life presents all of us with complex challenges which are sometimes difficult to manage. E.g. what may be troubling is a recent interpersonal difficulty, or perhaps something unpleasant has happened or is still happening in your workplace (or school/college/university). You may have lost someone you were close to, or perhaps you were the victim of a crime. Alternatively, what may be troubling may be of a more long-standing nature, causing unresolved unhappiness. Or you may feel that life could be more fulfilling than it has been up to now, that it could be a happier, richer experience, with a sense of more well-being and freedom.
Life presents all of us with complex challenges which are sometimes difficult to manage. E.g. what may be troubling is a recent interpersonal difficulty, or perhaps something unpleasant has happened or is still happening in your workplace (or school/college/university). You may have lost someone you were close to, or perhaps you were the victim of a crime. Alternatively, what may be troubling may be of a more long-standing nature, causing unresolved unhappiness. Or you may feel that life could be more fulfilling than it has been up to now, that it could be a happier, richer experience, with a sense of more well-being and freedom.
![Photo of Terry Anne George, MSocSci, HPCSA - Clin. Psych., Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a0c78bbe-cc63-4508-9cb0-f92f9124d519/2/320x400.jpeg)
Hi, I'm Terry! I am a Clinical Psychologist based in Kenilworth and Seapoint. I aim to create an unconditional and non-judgemental space where you can feel safe enough to share your experiences as well as explore ways to work through them together. I work integratively based on your specific needs.
Hi, I'm Terry! I am a Clinical Psychologist based in Kenilworth and Seapoint. I aim to create an unconditional and non-judgemental space where you can feel safe enough to share your experiences as well as explore ways to work through them together. I work integratively based on your specific needs.
![Photo of Ruan Swanepoel - Ruan Swanepoel | Me Therapy, General Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f2fe2042-6a2a-455f-be8a-b0f6159c131a/2/320x400.jpeg)
Strategic business and career coaching & purposeful life coaching is my passion. Ambitious and career orientated professionals will benefit from the coaching process as it allows you to challenge your critical reasoning, leadership and strategic thinking skills.
Strategic business and career coaching & purposeful life coaching is my passion. Ambitious and career orientated professionals will benefit from the coaching process as it allows you to challenge your critical reasoning, leadership and strategic thinking skills.
![Photo of Margie Pankhurst, MA](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e8552e24-8c75-477e-bde0-92dcb8a82dc2/1/320x400.jpeg)
Drama therapy is an embodied practice that is active and experiential. I have a person-centred approach: radical acceptance, unconditional positive regard with a non-directive stance. I strive to work with the healthy resilience of the individual or group, creating a sense of safety in the present so that personal challenges can be explored in a contained way. Whilst creativity is the foundation for curiosity and expression, the sessions are client led focusing on their preferred mode of expression. The work (with children and adults) is trauma informed and diversity sensitive. Restoring and encouraging agency is ever present
Drama therapy is an embodied practice that is active and experiential. I have a person-centred approach: radical acceptance, unconditional positive regard with a non-directive stance. I strive to work with the healthy resilience of the individual or group, creating a sense of safety in the present so that personal challenges can be explored in a contained way. Whilst creativity is the foundation for curiosity and expression, the sessions are client led focusing on their preferred mode of expression. The work (with children and adults) is trauma informed and diversity sensitive. Restoring and encouraging agency is ever present
![Photo of Michael James Leak, ASCHP Specialist Wellness Counsellor, General Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/7a88a6e6-1458-4bef-a166-b9e6feeaad83/2/320x400.png)
Michael James Leak
General Counsellor, ASCHP Specialist Wellness Counsellor
Verified Verified
Claremont 7735
I offer relationship and family therapy. The reasons that the clients have come to me is to try and repair their relationships, either due to unresolved issues, the total breakdown in communication. Sometimes, after years of being together have forgotten how to voice their needs, and have given up trying to have them satisfied. Other times families seek help trying to navigate life with teenagers. I have also worked with individuals who are seeking some direction, purpose and meaning in their lives. People come for therapy as they are aware that they could be living a more optimal life, are exploring and evaluating their lives.
I offer relationship and family therapy. The reasons that the clients have come to me is to try and repair their relationships, either due to unresolved issues, the total breakdown in communication. Sometimes, after years of being together have forgotten how to voice their needs, and have given up trying to have them satisfied. Other times families seek help trying to navigate life with teenagers. I have also worked with individuals who are seeking some direction, purpose and meaning in their lives. People come for therapy as they are aware that they could be living a more optimal life, are exploring and evaluating their lives.
![Photo of Rafiequa Saban, Registered Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/deb8eb80-6cdf-4389-a97f-9362c89fc6c9/1/320x400.jpeg)
My experience primarily focuses on substances and process addictions, but I also assist individuals with anxiety, depression, and self-esteem issues, providing insight-driven support. With warmth and empathy, I create a safe and connected space for clients to explore their challenges and foster personal growth.
My experience primarily focuses on substances and process addictions, but I also assist individuals with anxiety, depression, and self-esteem issues, providing insight-driven support. With warmth and empathy, I create a safe and connected space for clients to explore their challenges and foster personal growth.
![Photo of Marelize Swart, PhD, HPCSA - Couns. Psych., Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/0513cf08-0246-4e8e-a828-79c9043a731c/2/320x400.jpeg)
When it comes to your sexuality: "Are you successful in your career and other areas of your life and yet feel unfulfilled sexually?" And what about your life in general: "Do you often feel stuck and in "auto-pilot mood" yet yearning for more in your life??"
When it comes to your sexuality: "Are you successful in your career and other areas of your life and yet feel unfulfilled sexually?" And what about your life in general: "Do you often feel stuck and in "auto-pilot mood" yet yearning for more in your life??"
See more therapy options for Rondebosch East
Nearby Searches for Rondebosch East
See More CounsellorsHow does your Counsellor compare?
Number of Counsellors in Rondebosch East
< 10
Counsellors in Rondebosch East who prioritize treating:
100% | Anxiety |
83% | Life Transitions |
67% | Relationship Issues |
67% | Depression |
67% | Bereavement |
67% | Self Esteem |
67% | Women's Issues |
Average years in practice
4 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
100% | Discovery Health |
100% | Bonitas |
75% | Momentum |
How Counsellors in Rondebosch East see their clients
100% | In Person and Online |
Gender breakdown
84% | Female | |
16% | Male |
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling
How can I find a therapist in Rondebosch East?
Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?
Psychologists listed in the directory are registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). The majority of General Counsellors featured in the directory align themselves with reputable professional bodies, particularly the Association for Supportive Counsellors and Holistic Practitioners. All Registered Counsellors listed must be registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered with the South African Council for Social Service Professionals.
Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for general counsellors in South Africa, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for general counsellors in South Africa, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?
Psychologists, counsellors and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in South Africa.
Psychologists have five years training in psychology, have completed an internship over 12 months, and have completed the National Examination of the Professional Board for Psychology. They must be registered with Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). Registered Counsellors must have at least four years of study at a university or college, such as the Bachelor of Psychology and have completed the National Examination of the Professional Board for Psychology. General counsellors, such as Supportive Counsellors, Holistic Counsellors, and Wellness Counsellors, registered with the ASCHP must possess at least an NQF Level 4 qualification. Social Workers must possess a Bachelor of Social Work and must have completed an approved internship in the social service sector.
Psychologists have five years training in psychology, have completed an internship over 12 months, and have completed the National Examination of the Professional Board for Psychology. They must be registered with Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). Registered Counsellors must have at least four years of study at a university or college, such as the Bachelor of Psychology and have completed the National Examination of the Professional Board for Psychology. General counsellors, such as Supportive Counsellors, Holistic Counsellors, and Wellness Counsellors, registered with the ASCHP must possess at least an NQF Level 4 qualification. Social Workers must possess a Bachelor of Social Work and must have completed an approved internship in the social service sector.
What type of therapy is right for me?
The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.
How much does therapy cost?
The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in South Africa could be between R600 and R1,500. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.
What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?
Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.
Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?
Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.
Is online therapy a good option?
Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.
Are therapy sessions confidential?
Therapists who are registered with the HPCSA and professional organisations such as PsySSA or the ASCHP are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client, or as required by law, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.