Therapists in Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI

Photo of Olivia Stiles, CRC, LPC-IT, LPC Intern
Olivia Stiles
LPC Intern, CRC, LPC-IT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
Olivia enjoys working with young adults, adolescents, infants, and their families. She works with individuals presenting with a variety of concerns or diagnoses, including anxiety, depression, neurodiversity, behavioral difficulties, adjustment challenges, as well as relational and attachment concerns.
Olivia enjoys working with young adults, adolescents, infants, and their families. She works with individuals presenting with a variety of concerns or diagnoses, including anxiety, depression, neurodiversity, behavioral difficulties, adjustment challenges, as well as relational and attachment concerns.
(608) 208-6176 x134 View (608) 208-6176 x134
Photo of Kevin Davies, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kevin Davies
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
Kevin uses a collaborative and flexible approach in his work with clients of all backgrounds. His attitude of warmth and non judgement, deliberate attention to the present moment, and familiarity with effective treatment models invites you to open up to your experience in order to pursue what truly matters to you. Kevin has worked with teens, adults, and couples in a variety of settings throughout his career. His experience in crisis management and community-based programs helps him stand with clients during struggles and triumphs with an open heart.
Kevin uses a collaborative and flexible approach in his work with clients of all backgrounds. His attitude of warmth and non judgement, deliberate attention to the present moment, and familiarity with effective treatment models invites you to open up to your experience in order to pursue what truly matters to you. Kevin has worked with teens, adults, and couples in a variety of settings throughout his career. His experience in crisis management and community-based programs helps him stand with clients during struggles and triumphs with an open heart.
(608) 336-4460 View (608) 336-4460
Photo of Amy Everson, Marriage & Family Therapist
Amy Everson
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
I enjoy helping clients with the personal growth opportunities that arise out of life challenges, and most often work with clients going through transitions such as professional changes or divorce.
I enjoy helping clients with the personal growth opportunities that arise out of life challenges, and most often work with clients going through transitions such as professional changes or divorce.
(608) 305-2208 View (608) 305-2208
Photo of Lisa Lizak, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lisa Lizak
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711  (Online Only)
Lisa Lizak is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a substance use speciality and has been in practice since 1993. Lisa completed her Master's degree in Clinical Social Work from Loyola University of Chicago and her Bachelor's degree in Behavioral Science and Law from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Lisa works to understand your issues and support you through the process of developing ways to improve your well-being. Lisa's treatment orientation is based on Cognitive Behavioral and Motivational Interviewing strategies along with providing psycho-educational resources.
Lisa Lizak is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a substance use speciality and has been in practice since 1993. Lisa completed her Master's degree in Clinical Social Work from Loyola University of Chicago and her Bachelor's degree in Behavioral Science and Law from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Lisa works to understand your issues and support you through the process of developing ways to improve your well-being. Lisa's treatment orientation is based on Cognitive Behavioral and Motivational Interviewing strategies along with providing psycho-educational resources.
(608) 573-5987 View (608) 573-5987
Photo of Anna Roberts, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Anna Roberts
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
Anna B. Roberts is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Wisconsin who has been practicing since 2018. She has a BA in Sociology from Sonoma State University and an MA in Social Work (MSW) from Boston College. Anna loves working with children, adolescents, and families. She has years of experience providing trauma informed care as well as CBT, MI, PCP, and play therapy. Anna uses her background in art to promote healing and positive mental health in her therapy sessions. She hopes to earn credentialing as an Art Therapist and in EMDR. Anna and her husband have been married for 11+ years and have been trying to grow their family.
Anna B. Roberts is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Wisconsin who has been practicing since 2018. She has a BA in Sociology from Sonoma State University and an MA in Social Work (MSW) from Boston College. Anna loves working with children, adolescents, and families. She has years of experience providing trauma informed care as well as CBT, MI, PCP, and play therapy. Anna uses her background in art to promote healing and positive mental health in her therapy sessions. She hopes to earn credentialing as an Art Therapist and in EMDR. Anna and her husband have been married for 11+ years and have been trying to grow their family.
(608) 200-5129 View (608) 200-5129
Photo of Andy Clayton, LMFTA, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Andy Clayton
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFTA
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
Drawing from Existential, Psychodynamic, and Psychoanalytic therapies, I believe that our emotional lives are as much informed by the world we live in as our personal histories. I start from the premise that you are a fully formed person with everything you need to live a meaningful life and achieve the presence we are all striving for. The power of connecting with one another through therapy is one of the forces that can give our lives meaning and it from this premise that I greet all of my individual clients and couples.
Drawing from Existential, Psychodynamic, and Psychoanalytic therapies, I believe that our emotional lives are as much informed by the world we live in as our personal histories. I start from the premise that you are a fully formed person with everything you need to live a meaningful life and achieve the presence we are all striving for. The power of connecting with one another through therapy is one of the forces that can give our lives meaning and it from this premise that I greet all of my individual clients and couples.
(608) 927-5817 View (608) 927-5817
Photo of Jason Levine, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jason Levine
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
Jason's presence is reassuring, as his competence is immediately apparent. He pays close attention, and his keen analytical eye will discern patterns, irrational thinking habits, and unintentionally self-defeating behaviors that one may have engaged in for years. With extensive experience providing direct support to individuals with disabilities and their caretakers, Jason is happy to have broadened his practice area to include a fuller range of concerns. Jason enjoys helping individuals who are struggling with issues around life direction and finding meaning.
Jason's presence is reassuring, as his competence is immediately apparent. He pays close attention, and his keen analytical eye will discern patterns, irrational thinking habits, and unintentionally self-defeating behaviors that one may have engaged in for years. With extensive experience providing direct support to individuals with disabilities and their caretakers, Jason is happy to have broadened his practice area to include a fuller range of concerns. Jason enjoys helping individuals who are struggling with issues around life direction and finding meaning.
(608) 580-5478 View (608) 580-5478
Photo of Megan O'Brien, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Megan O'Brien
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
Megan partners with her clients to nurture healing, growth and resiliency. In every instance, she will take her time ascertaining how to evoke her clients' strengths, helping them effectively mobilize their own capabilities. In this way, every person she works with ends up with practiced skill sets of their own to take with them after therapy has concluded. Working skillfully with families, adults, teens and children, Megan sees clients individually, offers parent skills training, couples therapy and supports family systems in crisis.
Megan partners with her clients to nurture healing, growth and resiliency. In every instance, she will take her time ascertaining how to evoke her clients' strengths, helping them effectively mobilize their own capabilities. In this way, every person she works with ends up with practiced skill sets of their own to take with them after therapy has concluded. Working skillfully with families, adults, teens and children, Megan sees clients individually, offers parent skills training, couples therapy and supports family systems in crisis.
(608) 975-5240 View (608) 975-5240
Photo of Jennifer Limmex, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jennifer Limmex
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
Jennifer Limmex is a psychotherapist who graduated with her Master of Science degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from University of Wisconsin "“ Whitewater. She carries two licenses in the State of Wisconsin which are for Professional Counseling and Clinical Substance Abuse Counseling and also has a CCTP (Certified Clinical Trauma Professional) certification. Her experience in working with addiction and trauma inevitably leads her to focus on shame, anxiety, and depression since they are quite often co-occurring disorders. Jennifer utilizes Acceptance & Commitment Therapy to facilitate a majority of her sessions.
Jennifer Limmex is a psychotherapist who graduated with her Master of Science degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from University of Wisconsin "“ Whitewater. She carries two licenses in the State of Wisconsin which are for Professional Counseling and Clinical Substance Abuse Counseling and also has a CCTP (Certified Clinical Trauma Professional) certification. Her experience in working with addiction and trauma inevitably leads her to focus on shame, anxiety, and depression since they are quite often co-occurring disorders. Jennifer utilizes Acceptance & Commitment Therapy to facilitate a majority of her sessions.
(608) 618-2315 View (608) 618-2315
Photo of Heather Abercrombie, PhD, RYT-200, Psychologist
Heather Abercrombie
Psychologist, PhD, RYT-200
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
Recently opened practice by a retired UW-Madison psychologist. Are you looking to enhance resilience and joy while reducing suffering related to adversities and mental health concerns? Individual therapy can enhance vitality, courage, and purpose in life while also uncovering and alleviating causes of internal suffering. My integrative approach is grounded in 20+ years of experience leading neuroscientific research and providing psychotherapy for mood, anxiety, and trauma-related concerns. I also specialize in addressing concerns stemming from marginalization, disempowerment, and interpersonal, parenting, and/or peripartum issues.
Recently opened practice by a retired UW-Madison psychologist. Are you looking to enhance resilience and joy while reducing suffering related to adversities and mental health concerns? Individual therapy can enhance vitality, courage, and purpose in life while also uncovering and alleviating causes of internal suffering. My integrative approach is grounded in 20+ years of experience leading neuroscientific research and providing psychotherapy for mood, anxiety, and trauma-related concerns. I also specialize in addressing concerns stemming from marginalization, disempowerment, and interpersonal, parenting, and/or peripartum issues.
(608) 602-7025 View (608) 602-7025
Photo of Angela Willits, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Angela Willits
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711  (Online Only)
Hello and welcome! Seeking mental health care can be a big step for people, and I'm happy you found your way to my page. I'm a clinical social worker dedicated to providing evidence-based psychotherapy that is identity-affirming and empowering. I believe we all have an innate wisdom about what we need and what might be helpful, and I love partnering with clients on finding ways to make changes in their lives.
Hello and welcome! Seeking mental health care can be a big step for people, and I'm happy you found your way to my page. I'm a clinical social worker dedicated to providing evidence-based psychotherapy that is identity-affirming and empowering. I believe we all have an innate wisdom about what we need and what might be helpful, and I love partnering with clients on finding ways to make changes in their lives.
(608) 650-5194 View (608) 650-5194
Photo of Scott E Allen, MS, LPC-IT, Counselor
Scott E Allen
Counselor, MS, LPC-IT
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711  (Online Only)
As a counselor on the autism spectrum who works mostly with autistic adults, I offer a rare perspective that combines mental-health training with lived experience. Whether you are on or off the autism spectrum, I can help you understand yourself and adapt in terms of society, social dynamics, culture, thought process, emotions, and existential questions. Have you found that other therapists seemingly can't or won't talk about how social interactions work? I can help.
As a counselor on the autism spectrum who works mostly with autistic adults, I offer a rare perspective that combines mental-health training with lived experience. Whether you are on or off the autism spectrum, I can help you understand yourself and adapt in terms of society, social dynamics, culture, thought process, emotions, and existential questions. Have you found that other therapists seemingly can't or won't talk about how social interactions work? I can help.
(608) 236-4460 View (608) 236-4460
Photo of Dayne Legreid, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dayne Legreid
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
Waitlist for new clients
I'm Dayne with QUEST Counseling & Consultation Center, and I'm a licensed professional counselor (LPC) experienced in working with children, teens, and adults. I believe everyone is capable of creating their own change and finding wellness. My approach to treatment involves working collaboratively with clients to embrace their own strengths while learning new strategies to overcome past and present life stressors. I welcome individuals from all backgrounds and believe that developing a supportive, non-judgmental space, built on mutual trust and respect, creates the strongest environment for healing and growth.
I'm Dayne with QUEST Counseling & Consultation Center, and I'm a licensed professional counselor (LPC) experienced in working with children, teens, and adults. I believe everyone is capable of creating their own change and finding wellness. My approach to treatment involves working collaboratively with clients to embrace their own strengths while learning new strategies to overcome past and present life stressors. I welcome individuals from all backgrounds and believe that developing a supportive, non-judgmental space, built on mutual trust and respect, creates the strongest environment for healing and growth.
(608) 912-3890 x128 View (608) 912-3890 x128
Photo of Tom McBride, Marriage & Family Therapist
Tom McBride
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
As a Marriage and Family Therapist, Tom focuses on how family systems function and shape us. This allows clients to explore concerns on an individual level as well as discover how interactions with others may be affecting them. With a Master's degree in Marriage and Family Therapy and Bachelor's in Art Therapy from Edgewood College in Madison, WI, he is able to provide clients with a wide range of therapeutic tools from the traditional to the creative. He is dedicated to client care and has experience working with individuals, couples, and families. Tom has spent several years working with individuals on the autism spectrum.
As a Marriage and Family Therapist, Tom focuses on how family systems function and shape us. This allows clients to explore concerns on an individual level as well as discover how interactions with others may be affecting them. With a Master's degree in Marriage and Family Therapy and Bachelor's in Art Therapy from Edgewood College in Madison, WI, he is able to provide clients with a wide range of therapeutic tools from the traditional to the creative. He is dedicated to client care and has experience working with individuals, couples, and families. Tom has spent several years working with individuals on the autism spectrum.
(608) 909-6584 View (608) 909-6584
Photo of John Binkley, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
John Binkley
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
As humans, our connections with those around us are central to our well-being. Using an emotionally-focused and attachment based approach, I help clients gain the skills and understanding to help them create and strengthen their connections with partners, friends, and other significant figures in their lives.
As humans, our connections with those around us are central to our well-being. Using an emotionally-focused and attachment based approach, I help clients gain the skills and understanding to help them create and strengthen their connections with partners, friends, and other significant figures in their lives.
(608) 465-4580 View (608) 465-4580
Photo of Scott Allen, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Scott Allen
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
As a person on the autism spectrum, Scott knows that typical social assumptions don't work for autistic people. He knows from experience that autistic challenges are extremely complex. Scott is skilled at putting those complexities into words for the benefit of others. Scott has a high degree of social and emotional awareness and understanding - abilities usually considered deficiencies for people on the autism spectrum. Scott specializes in working with autistic clients and their families and partners.
As a person on the autism spectrum, Scott knows that typical social assumptions don't work for autistic people. He knows from experience that autistic challenges are extremely complex. Scott is skilled at putting those complexities into words for the benefit of others. Scott has a high degree of social and emotional awareness and understanding - abilities usually considered deficiencies for people on the autism spectrum. Scott specializes in working with autistic clients and their families and partners.
(608) 200-3366 View (608) 200-3366
Martin Tamkin
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
Marty Tamkin, Ph.D., LMFT is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, who has been practicing psychotherapy since 2004 and has been fully licensed since 2008. Dr. Tamkin has a Ph.D. from Capella University, a master's degree in marriage and family therapy from Phillips Graduate Institute, and a bachelor's degree in social work from California State University, Los Angeles. He is actively licensed in Wisconsin, as well as in California, and only sees clients through a telehealth platform. Marty is trained in several different psychotherapy approaches.
Marty Tamkin, Ph.D., LMFT is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, who has been practicing psychotherapy since 2004 and has been fully licensed since 2008. Dr. Tamkin has a Ph.D. from Capella University, a master's degree in marriage and family therapy from Phillips Graduate Institute, and a bachelor's degree in social work from California State University, Los Angeles. He is actively licensed in Wisconsin, as well as in California, and only sees clients through a telehealth platform. Marty is trained in several different psychotherapy approaches.
(608) 413-3772 View (608) 413-3772
Photo of Elizabeth Schrimpf, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Elizabeth Schrimpf
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
A graduate of Lakeland College in Sheboygan, WI, Elizabeth Schrimpf, LPC has worked in a variety of counseling settings since 2014. As a therapist, Elizabeth is skilled in helping teens and adults process and adapt to significant life changes such as grief, religious trauma recovery / deconstruction, job loss, divorce and other changes to family situations. Her clinical experience focuses on treating the anxiety and depression that come with these changes and she uses a holistic, trauma-informed approach to support her clients in learning to build the life they want. I
A graduate of Lakeland College in Sheboygan, WI, Elizabeth Schrimpf, LPC has worked in a variety of counseling settings since 2014. As a therapist, Elizabeth is skilled in helping teens and adults process and adapt to significant life changes such as grief, religious trauma recovery / deconstruction, job loss, divorce and other changes to family situations. Her clinical experience focuses on treating the anxiety and depression that come with these changes and she uses a holistic, trauma-informed approach to support her clients in learning to build the life they want. I
(608) 200-5433 View (608) 200-5433
Photo of Richard Goldberg, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Richard Goldberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
Career shift to therapist after early entrepreneurial success to add another level of meaning to my life. Public radio and TV host along the way. Therapist for 40 years. Special interest in building skills to enrich relationships for individuals and couples. Interest in life transitions life meaning and men's issues.
Career shift to therapist after early entrepreneurial success to add another level of meaning to my life. Public radio and TV host along the way. Therapist for 40 years. Special interest in building skills to enrich relationships for individuals and couples. Interest in life transitions life meaning and men's issues.
(608) 407-7419 View (608) 407-7419
Photo of Vivian Tamkin, LP, Psychologist
Vivian Tamkin
Psychologist, LP
Verified Verified
Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI 53711
Vivian L. Tamkin, PhD is a licensed psychologist (CA and WI), who has been practicing child and family psychotherapy since 2002. Dr. Tamkin has a PhD in Counseling Psychology, with a minor in Child Clinical Psychology, from Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, and an MA degree in Marriage and Family Therapy from Pacific Oaks College and Children's School. Dr. Tamkin also has a BA degree in Child Development, with an emphasis in Child Mental Health from California State University, Northridge. Go Matadors! Dr. Tamkin's theoretical approach to clinical practice is rooted in a relational, life course lens.
Vivian L. Tamkin, PhD is a licensed psychologist (CA and WI), who has been practicing child and family psychotherapy since 2002. Dr. Tamkin has a PhD in Counseling Psychology, with a minor in Child Clinical Psychology, from Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, and an MA degree in Marriage and Family Therapy from Pacific Oaks College and Children's School. Dr. Tamkin also has a BA degree in Child Development, with an emphasis in Child Mental Health from California State University, Northridge. Go Matadors! Dr. Tamkin's theoretical approach to clinical practice is rooted in a relational, life course lens.
(608) 557-8762 View (608) 557-8762
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI

20+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI who prioritize treating:

83% Depression
83% Anxiety
72% Life Transitions
62% Relationship Issues
59% Trauma and PTSD
52% Grief
31% Peer Relationships

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% Other
90% Dean Health
86% Aetna

How Therapists in Midvale Heights Community, Madison, WI see their clients

90% In Person and Online
10% Online Only

Gender breakdown

52% Female
48% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Midvale Heights Community, Madison?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.