Therapists in Lodi, WI

Photo of Dr. Deb Brock - Midlands Psychological Associates, PhD, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Midlands Psychological Associates
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
Lodi, WI 53555
My best work is in assisting my clients in a dynamic combination of Self Acceptance and Understanding. Utilizing techniques from psycho-dynamic, gestalt, mindfulness and body-mind therapies I lend direction in finding personal balance.
My best work is in assisting my clients in a dynamic combination of Self Acceptance and Understanding. Utilizing techniques from psycho-dynamic, gestalt, mindfulness and body-mind therapies I lend direction in finding personal balance.
(608) 400-4595 View (608) 400-4595
Photo of Sarah S Keyeski, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sarah S Keyeski
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lodi, WI 53555
To the outside world, you're seen as a pretty together person who's hard-working, accomplished and self-sufficient. When life get's tough, you buck up, soldier on, & "never let 'em see you bleed." You bottle up your pain and keep a tight lid on it. But, behind this exterior, you're actually hanging on by your fingertips. The stress on your shoulders is unbearably heavy & you're overwhelmed, stressed-out, and you feel like you're drowning under the pressure of it all. You're pain is silent, but your suffering is real and it's taking a toll on your health, productivity and your relationships with others.
To the outside world, you're seen as a pretty together person who's hard-working, accomplished and self-sufficient. When life get's tough, you buck up, soldier on, & "never let 'em see you bleed." You bottle up your pain and keep a tight lid on it. But, behind this exterior, you're actually hanging on by your fingertips. The stress on your shoulders is unbearably heavy & you're overwhelmed, stressed-out, and you feel like you're drowning under the pressure of it all. You're pain is silent, but your suffering is real and it's taking a toll on your health, productivity and your relationships with others.
(608) 765-5157 View (608) 765-5157
Photo of Ron Johnson - Midlands Psychological Associates, MDiv, PhD, Psychologist
Midlands Psychological Associates
Psychologist, MDiv, PhD
Verified Verified
Lodi, WI 53555
My focus is identifying an individual's strengths in order to effectively address problems in life.
My focus is identifying an individual's strengths in order to effectively address problems in life.
(608) 509-7309 View (608) 509-7309
Photo of Sarah Rosencrans Robinson, MSW, LCSW, C-DBT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sarah Rosencrans Robinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, C-DBT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lodi, WI 53555
Positive change is possible when a person is provided the tailored support needed to draw upon their own strengths and insight. There is value in knowing and treating the whole person and I focus on the diverse set of characteristics and circumstances that can both create life challenges and be better understood to overcome personal obstacles. Skill building to clarify address mental health needs, DBT interventions, increasing confidence and self-esteem, and creating targeted SMART goals are primary elements of my practice.
Positive change is possible when a person is provided the tailored support needed to draw upon their own strengths and insight. There is value in knowing and treating the whole person and I focus on the diverse set of characteristics and circumstances that can both create life challenges and be better understood to overcome personal obstacles. Skill building to clarify address mental health needs, DBT interventions, increasing confidence and self-esteem, and creating targeted SMART goals are primary elements of my practice.
(608) 602-7207 View (608) 602-7207

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Laura Jennings, CMHC, BM
Laura Jennings
CMHC, BM
Verified Verified
Poynette, WI 53955  (Online Only)
Overwhelmed? Tired of holding up the world around you? Shielding others (or yourself) from your pain? I know what it is to suffer and to feel lost and anxious. There is hope! If you're craving peace, joy, and true growth; if you want to be heard by someone who "gets it;" and if you’re ready to work hard in love - we could be a great fit. I combine scientific, holistic mental wellness with biblical truth to help women through anxiousness, stress, bitterness, shame, boundaries, perfectionism, identity problems, and so much more. My goal: to teach you the tools and process, to coach you through this struggle and equip you for the next.
Overwhelmed? Tired of holding up the world around you? Shielding others (or yourself) from your pain? I know what it is to suffer and to feel lost and anxious. There is hope! If you're craving peace, joy, and true growth; if you want to be heard by someone who "gets it;" and if you’re ready to work hard in love - we could be a great fit. I combine scientific, holistic mental wellness with biblical truth to help women through anxiousness, stress, bitterness, shame, boundaries, perfectionism, identity problems, and so much more. My goal: to teach you the tools and process, to coach you through this struggle and equip you for the next.
(608) 889-2902 View (608) 889-2902
Photo of Darald Hanusa, PhD, LSCW, SAC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Darald Hanusa
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LSCW, SAC
Verified Verified
Poynette, WI 53955
It was Ralph Waldo Emerson who once said that, "What lies behind us and what lies before us matters little compared to what lies within us". For more than 30 years I have focused on helping children and adults, individually, in couples, in families and groups achieve strength, peace and confidence by improving conflict resolution, communication, stress and anxiety, anger management skills, child and adolescent behavioral problems, and parenting skills as well as improved functioning and decreased emotional distress related to depression, self-esteem, post-traumatic stress and bipolar disorders. Through a combination of interpersonal, cognitive-behavioral and motivational approaches I have seen my clients make meaningful and lasting transformations in both emotional and behavioral dimensions. I provide evidence-based, focused, and time-limited treatment with documented results for mental health, behavioral health and substance use issues.
It was Ralph Waldo Emerson who once said that, "What lies behind us and what lies before us matters little compared to what lies within us". For more than 30 years I have focused on helping children and adults, individually, in couples, in families and groups achieve strength, peace and confidence by improving conflict resolution, communication, stress and anxiety, anger management skills, child and adolescent behavioral problems, and parenting skills as well as improved functioning and decreased emotional distress related to depression, self-esteem, post-traumatic stress and bipolar disorders. Through a combination of interpersonal, cognitive-behavioral and motivational approaches I have seen my clients make meaningful and lasting transformations in both emotional and behavioral dimensions. I provide evidence-based, focused, and time-limited treatment with documented results for mental health, behavioral health and substance use issues.
(608) 579-0529 View (608) 579-0529
Photo of Elizabeth Reeder, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Elizabeth Reeder
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Poynette, WI 53955
I Have been a licensed Marriage and Family therapist providing psychotherapy at Moontree Psychotherapy since 2008, although, I have been working with adults, children and families in a variety of capacities for over 15 years. I am a Humanistic-Mindfulness based psychotherapist. Whether you are seeking treatment for mental illness or need help with managing the circumstances in your life, I pay attention to all the parts of the human system ( body, mind, emotion, spirituality, relationships) and help you bring them into balance. .
I Have been a licensed Marriage and Family therapist providing psychotherapy at Moontree Psychotherapy since 2008, although, I have been working with adults, children and families in a variety of capacities for over 15 years. I am a Humanistic-Mindfulness based psychotherapist. Whether you are seeking treatment for mental illness or need help with managing the circumstances in your life, I pay attention to all the parts of the human system ( body, mind, emotion, spirituality, relationships) and help you bring them into balance. .
(608) 291-3880 View (608) 291-3880
Photo of Pamela Polzer, Licensed Professional Counselor
Pamela Polzer
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Poynette, WI 53955  (Online Only)
I have devoted the past 20 years following my passion of working with, and treating, individuals and their family members who have a severe and persistent mental illness, (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression). I am continuing my passion through the services of my outpatient practice. I believe in the dignity of the human spirit and treating all people with compassion and respect while promoting health, wellness and healing from within.
I have devoted the past 20 years following my passion of working with, and treating, individuals and their family members who have a severe and persistent mental illness, (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression). I am continuing my passion through the services of my outpatient practice. I believe in the dignity of the human spirit and treating all people with compassion and respect while promoting health, wellness and healing from within.
(608) 400-4348 View (608) 400-4348
Photo of Ellanora Ward, PhD, Psychologist
Ellanora Ward
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Poynette, WI 53955
I try and help people increase the "quality" of their lives which often means helping people whose thinking/behavior and feelings don't seem to connect.I use many different approaches to therapy and draw upon numerous orientations if helpful to the client's goal of change. I strongly advocate for the mind/body connection; healthy mind helps the body be healthier. Past issues are of importance but don't have to be the major focus. I can help you with depression, anxiety, relationship issues and PTSD. I am proud to be a Tricare provider.
I try and help people increase the "quality" of their lives which often means helping people whose thinking/behavior and feelings don't seem to connect.I use many different approaches to therapy and draw upon numerous orientations if helpful to the client's goal of change. I strongly advocate for the mind/body connection; healthy mind helps the body be healthier. Past issues are of importance but don't have to be the major focus. I can help you with depression, anxiety, relationship issues and PTSD. I am proud to be a Tricare provider.
(608) 729-7012 View (608) 729-7012
Photo of Dr. Victoria Egizio, PhD, Psychologist
Dr. Victoria Egizio
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Waunakee, WI 53597  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I have a dual PhD in Clinical and Biological-Health Psychology and work with clients struggling with mental health or medical conditions, or both. Using science-backed strategies, we'll talk about your challenges, problem-solve, and identify solutions so you can feel better inside and out. You'll be able to calm your emotions, master your thoughts, regulate your body, and overcome obstacles with confidence. I bring over 10 years of experience to our work together. You'll experience non-judgmental compassion and expert support. Clients typically see improvement in 6 sessions. I'm licensed in WI and also practice in 40+ other states.
I have a dual PhD in Clinical and Biological-Health Psychology and work with clients struggling with mental health or medical conditions, or both. Using science-backed strategies, we'll talk about your challenges, problem-solve, and identify solutions so you can feel better inside and out. You'll be able to calm your emotions, master your thoughts, regulate your body, and overcome obstacles with confidence. I bring over 10 years of experience to our work together. You'll experience non-judgmental compassion and expert support. Clients typically see improvement in 6 sessions. I'm licensed in WI and also practice in 40+ other states.
(608) 496-9627 View (608) 496-9627
Photo of Reannon Lochner, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Reannon Lochner
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Prairie Du Sac, WI 53578  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Life isn't always easy, but you don't have to face things alone. If you feel like life isn't working for you right now, counseling can help. I like to think of it as a short-term process leading to long-term positive change and increased life satisfaction. I am committed to providing my clients with a safe and confidential environment where healing and growth can take place.
Life isn't always easy, but you don't have to face things alone. If you feel like life isn't working for you right now, counseling can help. I like to think of it as a short-term process leading to long-term positive change and increased life satisfaction. I am committed to providing my clients with a safe and confidential environment where healing and growth can take place.
(608) 234-5900 View (608) 234-5900
Photo of Jennifer Major, PhD, Psychologist
Jennifer Major
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dane, WI 53529  (Online Only)
Let's check in for a moment. Are you overwhelmed by stress, life transitions, and past unhealed wounds? Are you exhausted from the ongoing fight against social injustices? Or maybe you’re unsure what’s happening, but you know something feels “off.” Therapy is a valuable tool for holding space for your suffering, determining the roots of your pain, and developing new techniques to make meaningful life changes that support your mental health.
Let's check in for a moment. Are you overwhelmed by stress, life transitions, and past unhealed wounds? Are you exhausted from the ongoing fight against social injustices? Or maybe you’re unsure what’s happening, but you know something feels “off.” Therapy is a valuable tool for holding space for your suffering, determining the roots of your pain, and developing new techniques to make meaningful life changes that support your mental health.
(715) 260-4969 View (715) 260-4969
Photo of Carla Wincentsen, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Carla Wincentsen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Prairie Du Sac, WI 53578
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with a Master's Degree in Community Mental Health. I have over 15 years of mental health experience working with adolescents, adults and families. Much of my experience and passion is embedded in working with individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, self-esteem, relationship difficulties, women's issues and trauma. Additionally, I have a special connection and interest in working with military families and consider it a small way to give back to our service members and their families.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with a Master's Degree in Community Mental Health. I have over 15 years of mental health experience working with adolescents, adults and families. Much of my experience and passion is embedded in working with individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, self-esteem, relationship difficulties, women's issues and trauma. Additionally, I have a special connection and interest in working with military families and consider it a small way to give back to our service members and their families.
(608) 530-6091 View (608) 530-6091

Online Therapists

Photo of Irene Corzo, MA, LPC, LCPC, Counselor
Irene Corzo
Counselor, MA, LPC, LCPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
East Troy, WI 53120
Waitlist for new clients
I'm a licensed professional counselor with over 20 years of experience. I work with clients to improve their overall quality of life. I believe in the power of the client-therapist relationship and empowering the you to create change. I work from a strengths based perspective while focusing on building a strong, empathic connection with my clients. I recognize the courage and strength it takes to reach out and seek help. Let's work together in creating a reality that matches who you are and where you want to be.
I'm a licensed professional counselor with over 20 years of experience. I work with clients to improve their overall quality of life. I believe in the power of the client-therapist relationship and empowering the you to create change. I work from a strengths based perspective while focusing on building a strong, empathic connection with my clients. I recognize the courage and strength it takes to reach out and seek help. Let's work together in creating a reality that matches who you are and where you want to be.
(262) 671-0162 View (262) 671-0162
Photo of Nancy L. Miller, Nancy L, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Nancy L. Miller
Licensed Professional Counselor, Nancy L, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Onalaska, WI 54650
Now Accepting New Clients! Ever feel stuck with thoughts running through your mind all day? Perhaps you are stuck in a thought loop that never seems to turn off. My goal for my clients is to help them thrive rather than strive. Life can be messy, and I consider it a privilege to help my clients navigate through "muck" and help them find a way to become "unstuck." I believe we have everything we need to be our authentic selves and thrive and am excited to watch you grow and live into your best self. You get to decide how your chapter ends. I have immediate availability. Call my office today!
Now Accepting New Clients! Ever feel stuck with thoughts running through your mind all day? Perhaps you are stuck in a thought loop that never seems to turn off. My goal for my clients is to help them thrive rather than strive. Life can be messy, and I consider it a privilege to help my clients navigate through "muck" and help them find a way to become "unstuck." I believe we have everything we need to be our authentic selves and thrive and am excited to watch you grow and live into your best self. You get to decide how your chapter ends. I have immediate availability. Call my office today!
(608) 467-5798 View (608) 467-5798
Photo of Zanita Cullen, LPC, CCTP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Zanita Cullen
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Milwaukee, WI 53217  (Online Only)
I am the owner of Journeys Counseling Services in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. I have been a therapist for over 10 years and Licensed Professional Counselor for 7 over years. I feel that the individual is the expert in their life experiences, we work together through the journey. I work with individuals that may experience anxiety and depression, self esteem and life transitions. I provide a brief consultation by phone at no cost to potential clients to discuss what they may be looking for as far as a therapist and services.
I am the owner of Journeys Counseling Services in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. I have been a therapist for over 10 years and Licensed Professional Counselor for 7 over years. I feel that the individual is the expert in their life experiences, we work together through the journey. I work with individuals that may experience anxiety and depression, self esteem and life transitions. I provide a brief consultation by phone at no cost to potential clients to discuss what they may be looking for as far as a therapist and services.
(414) 404-4802 View (414) 404-4802
Photo of Tyler Madro, MS, LPC-IT, Pre-Licensed Professional
Tyler Madro
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, LPC-IT
Verified Verified
Madison, WI 53713
The constant change you face can make it hard to catch your breath—especially when you’re also trying to figure out aspects of your identity, navigate dating and relationships, and deal with anxiety or things from your past. I get what that’s like, and want to give you a safe space to figure it all out and embrace your individuality. I am a trans man, have been through the journey of figuring out my own identity, and want to help you do the same—whether you’re (2S)LGBTQIA+ or not. I value humor in sessions when it’s appropriate because I think it helps us connect and process tough emotions. I am also kink and poly friendly.
The constant change you face can make it hard to catch your breath—especially when you’re also trying to figure out aspects of your identity, navigate dating and relationships, and deal with anxiety or things from your past. I get what that’s like, and want to give you a safe space to figure it all out and embrace your individuality. I am a trans man, have been through the journey of figuring out my own identity, and want to help you do the same—whether you’re (2S)LGBTQIA+ or not. I value humor in sessions when it’s appropriate because I think it helps us connect and process tough emotions. I am also kink and poly friendly.
(608) 564-5967 View (608) 564-5967
Photo of Stacey Dulin, LPC, MA, Licensed Professional Counselor
Stacey Dulin
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sun Prairie, WI 53590
Are you looking for help with life's challenges? Do you strive for inner peace and happiness? I can help you through these difficult times and assist you with making important decisions you may be facing. We will work together to come up with individualized solutions to help you overcome your obstacles so you can be your authentic self. I want to provide you with a safe, supportive environment, and want you to feel comfortable, so I often incorporate relaxation exercises into sessions. I am experienced in providing a wide variety of therapeutic services to individuals, couples, and families.
Are you looking for help with life's challenges? Do you strive for inner peace and happiness? I can help you through these difficult times and assist you with making important decisions you may be facing. We will work together to come up with individualized solutions to help you overcome your obstacles so you can be your authentic self. I want to provide you with a safe, supportive environment, and want you to feel comfortable, so I often incorporate relaxation exercises into sessions. I am experienced in providing a wide variety of therapeutic services to individuals, couples, and families.
(608) 807-2399 View (608) 807-2399
Photo of Robin Block, MS, LPC
Robin Block
MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Milwaukee, WI 53222
Robin believes people are hurting, are worthy of respect, and are doing their best to navigate life. She offers individual and group sessions which use an “all hands on deck” approach and focus on mindfulness, positive regard for self and others, value identification, boundary setting, honesty in recovery, and community building.
Robin believes people are hurting, are worthy of respect, and are doing their best to navigate life. She offers individual and group sessions which use an “all hands on deck” approach and focus on mindfulness, positive regard for self and others, value identification, boundary setting, honesty in recovery, and community building.
(414) 404-3970 View (414) 404-3970
Photo of Virginia Louise Dotson - The Shore Counseling and Consulting Clinic, MA, MEd, PhD, Psychologist
The Shore Counseling and Consulting Clinic
Psychologist, MA, MEd, PhD
Verified Verified
Glendale, WI 53217
I am very multifaceted in my interests and type of individuals I like to treat. I am very experienced with over 30 years of experience working as a psychologist and am trained in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, EMDR (Certified Therapist/Consultant), Brainspotting, NLP, Internal Family Systems, Holographic Memory Resolution, and Havening. I am experienced in dealing with a variety of issues including anxiety, depression, trauma, ADD/ADHD, adjustment issues, grief, couples/relationships, eating disorders and sleep. I am compassionate in my approach as I work with clients to address areas of challenge.
I am very multifaceted in my interests and type of individuals I like to treat. I am very experienced with over 30 years of experience working as a psychologist and am trained in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, EMDR (Certified Therapist/Consultant), Brainspotting, NLP, Internal Family Systems, Holographic Memory Resolution, and Havening. I am experienced in dealing with a variety of issues including anxiety, depression, trauma, ADD/ADHD, adjustment issues, grief, couples/relationships, eating disorders and sleep. I am compassionate in my approach as I work with clients to address areas of challenge.
(414) 939-7958 View (414) 939-7958

See more therapy options for Lodi

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Lodi, WI

< 10

Therapists in Lodi, WI who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Trauma and PTSD
75% Relationship Issues
75% ADHD
75% Grief
75% Parenting

Average years in practice

28 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% BlueCross and BlueShield
100% Quartz
50% Aetna

How Therapists in Lodi, WI see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

67% Female
33% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Lodi?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.