Depression Therapists in Ashwaubenon, WI
![Photo of Dr. Heidi M Wennesheimer, LPC, NCC, CCTP, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1f86c88d-555a-4eb0-a0f7-f5550d9a3e55/1/320x400.jpeg)
Dr. Heidi M Wennesheimer
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Ashwaubenon, WI 54304
Are you struggling with mental health issues, trauma, and/or substance abuse? I use a strength-based, client-centered approach and integrate a range of therapeutic techniques and methods to assist clients in reaching their full potential. These techniques and methods include: Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Motivational Interviewing. I work with children, adolescents, and adults who have experienced trauma, abuse, neglect, grief, suicidal ideation, self-harm, divorce, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, addiction, and more.
Are you struggling with mental health issues, trauma, and/or substance abuse? I use a strength-based, client-centered approach and integrate a range of therapeutic techniques and methods to assist clients in reaching their full potential. These techniques and methods include: Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Motivational Interviewing. I work with children, adolescents, and adults who have experienced trauma, abuse, neglect, grief, suicidal ideation, self-harm, divorce, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, addiction, and more.
![Photo of Chloe Kierszh, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/2102540e-1b0e-4db1-81bb-1365a8e0dbfb/1/320x400.jpeg)
I have experience working with clients on a variety of issues including depression, anxiety, navigating relationship dynamics, and emotional regulation.
If you find yourself struggling to manage your emotions, cope with overwhelming thoughts, and feel like you are stuck, we can work together to find the skills that allow you to better manage and cope with emotions in a healthy and effective way.
I have experience working with clients on a variety of issues including depression, anxiety, navigating relationship dynamics, and emotional regulation.
If you find yourself struggling to manage your emotions, cope with overwhelming thoughts, and feel like you are stuck, we can work together to find the skills that allow you to better manage and cope with emotions in a healthy and effective way.
![Photo of Leslie C Ousley - Wings of Eagles Counseling Clinic, MA, LPC, SAC-IT, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/7de6f33a-eeb8-44d5-b021-9a6aa727884c/1/320x400.jpeg)
Wings of Eagles Counseling Clinic
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, SAC-IT
Verified Verified
Ashwaubenon, WI 54304
My ideal client is someone who feels overwhelmed by life's challenges and is seeking meaningful change. They may be grappling with anxiety, depression, trauma, or relationship issues. Their needs include understanding and addressing the root causes of their struggles, finding practical strategies for coping, and developing a clearer sense of direction and purpose. Their goals are to gain insight into their thoughts and behaviors, build resilience, and achieve a greater sense of well-being and fulfillment. They want to feel more in control of their emotions and improve their relationships and enjoy life.
My ideal client is someone who feels overwhelmed by life's challenges and is seeking meaningful change. They may be grappling with anxiety, depression, trauma, or relationship issues. Their needs include understanding and addressing the root causes of their struggles, finding practical strategies for coping, and developing a clearer sense of direction and purpose. Their goals are to gain insight into their thoughts and behaviors, build resilience, and achieve a greater sense of well-being and fulfillment. They want to feel more in control of their emotions and improve their relationships and enjoy life.
![Photo of Jennifer Dudek, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4068bfc4-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/1/320x400.jpeg)
Jennifer Dudek
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ashwaubenon, WI 54304 (Online Only)
Hello! I'm Jen, and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor providing mental health counseling at Counseling and Consulting Professionals (CCP Clinic) through Telehealth only. I work with children ages 13 through 18 as well as with adults. I desire to build strong therapeutic relationships with each of my clients using a person-centered approach.
Hello! I'm Jen, and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor providing mental health counseling at Counseling and Consulting Professionals (CCP Clinic) through Telehealth only. I work with children ages 13 through 18 as well as with adults. I desire to build strong therapeutic relationships with each of my clients using a person-centered approach.
![Photo of Paul Schroeder-Haag, MS, MA, LPC, CCTP, CCATP, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/51d425d1-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/4/320x400.jpeg)
Paul Schroeder-Haag
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, MA, LPC, CCTP, CCATP
Verified Verified
Ashwaubenon, WI 54304
**I AM CURRENTLY ACCEPTING CLIENTS MONDAY-FRIDAY FOR 9AM-3PM** I work with clients who struggle with anxiety, as well as those struggling with trauma and domestic abuse, among other concerns. My goal is to help clients locate and harness their power to heal. I use a variety of techniques while operating at a pace that is in-tune with the client's needs.
**I AM CURRENTLY ACCEPTING CLIENTS MONDAY-FRIDAY FOR 9AM-3PM** I work with clients who struggle with anxiety, as well as those struggling with trauma and domestic abuse, among other concerns. My goal is to help clients locate and harness their power to heal. I use a variety of techniques while operating at a pace that is in-tune with the client's needs.
![Photo of Jenna Belongia, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/0d18e48a-5b33-48b1-968c-3cdff6d41270/2/320x400.jpeg)
Let’s grow through what we go through. I’m here to support, challenge and empower you to work toward the best version of yourself. I want to help you recognize the areas of your life that need improvement and celebrate the parts that make you feel proud, healthy and balanced. My genuine, non-judgmental approach will help you and your family open up when you’re ready to do so. I primarily serve children, teens, and their families experiencing significant stressors including safety concerns, conflict at home, difficulties in school, reactivity, aggression and traumatic experiences. However, anyone needing support age 7-107 is welcome.
Let’s grow through what we go through. I’m here to support, challenge and empower you to work toward the best version of yourself. I want to help you recognize the areas of your life that need improvement and celebrate the parts that make you feel proud, healthy and balanced. My genuine, non-judgmental approach will help you and your family open up when you’re ready to do so. I primarily serve children, teens, and their families experiencing significant stressors including safety concerns, conflict at home, difficulties in school, reactivity, aggression and traumatic experiences. However, anyone needing support age 7-107 is welcome.
![Photo of Emily Bell, MA, LPC, PMH-C, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/594d9971-6a38-46f6-ac70-803db2d6e47b/1/320x400.jpeg)
Emily Bell
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Ashwaubenon, WI 54304
Not accepting new clients
In my many years in the mental health field, I have worked with a variety of concerns such as depression, anxiety, OCD, suicidal ideation, self-harm, substance use, grief, life transition, and interpersonal relationships.
Hey there! I'm so glad you're here. Starting the journey to take care of your mental health is both scary and exciting. So, whether or not you choose to pursue your journey with me, take a moment to give yourself credit for taking this first big step into the space of mental health. In therapy, I like to take a goal-oriented approach. I feel it's very important to set goals (both small and big!) to help guide the therapy process, which we will collaborate on as a team. To achieve your goals, I find it helpful to use a variety of treatment modalities such as mindfulness, self-compassion, ACT, ERP, DBT, and my favorite...CBT.
In my many years in the mental health field, I have worked with a variety of concerns such as depression, anxiety, OCD, suicidal ideation, self-harm, substance use, grief, life transition, and interpersonal relationships.
Hey there! I'm so glad you're here. Starting the journey to take care of your mental health is both scary and exciting. So, whether or not you choose to pursue your journey with me, take a moment to give yourself credit for taking this first big step into the space of mental health. In therapy, I like to take a goal-oriented approach. I feel it's very important to set goals (both small and big!) to help guide the therapy process, which we will collaborate on as a team. To achieve your goals, I find it helpful to use a variety of treatment modalities such as mindfulness, self-compassion, ACT, ERP, DBT, and my favorite...CBT.
![Photo of Dani McCole, MSE, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4a45d47c-86c0-437e-82ef-1c7254b98ed2/2/320x400.jpeg)
Dani McCole
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSE, LPC
Verified Verified
Ashwaubenon, WI 54304
Not accepting new clients
Hi, I’m Dani! I have almost 10 years of experience working in outpatient counseling with a diverse range of clients. I am often told that my genuine, warm but direct approach is helpful for clients to feel safe and validated. My favorite part of what I do is building relationships and helping clients to heal and grow through the connection we build. I believe that an empathetic and trusting therapeutic relationship is key to helping you feel respected and validated. It is my goal to help you feel empowered and supported so you can begin to work through the unique life challenges you are facing.
Hi, I’m Dani! I have almost 10 years of experience working in outpatient counseling with a diverse range of clients. I am often told that my genuine, warm but direct approach is helpful for clients to feel safe and validated. My favorite part of what I do is building relationships and helping clients to heal and grow through the connection we build. I believe that an empathetic and trusting therapeutic relationship is key to helping you feel respected and validated. It is my goal to help you feel empowered and supported so you can begin to work through the unique life challenges you are facing.
![Photo of Emily O'Connor, MS, LPC, NCC, PMH-C, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/50c786c9-900b-4a8f-8a16-932ae5d9d4ec/2/320x400.jpeg)
Emily O'Connor
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Ashwaubenon, WI 54304
Not accepting new clients
Welcome, my name is Emily and I am a licensed professional counselor. My main focus areas include treatment of perinatal mood/anxiety disorders, anxiety related to body image, and disordered eating/eating disorders. I have a special passion for working with young adults and members of the LGBTQIA+ community. My goal is to help you create meaningful change in your life that leads to lasting wellness and fulfillment. This looks like developing skills and insight that impact your life in an ongoing and positive way outside the counseling space.
Welcome, my name is Emily and I am a licensed professional counselor. My main focus areas include treatment of perinatal mood/anxiety disorders, anxiety related to body image, and disordered eating/eating disorders. I have a special passion for working with young adults and members of the LGBTQIA+ community. My goal is to help you create meaningful change in your life that leads to lasting wellness and fulfillment. This looks like developing skills and insight that impact your life in an ongoing and positive way outside the counseling space.
More Therapists Nearby
![Photo of Timothy James Marcy - Timothy Marcy Counseling, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ae899b5b-a3fe-46bc-bc91-0762b628273e/2/320x400.jpeg)
Timothy Marcy Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Green Bay, WI 54304
I specialize in treating depression, anxiety, addiction and addressing relationship challenges.
We all face challenges. You may be dealing with depression or anxiety, feeling trapped in addiction to substances, behaviors, attitudes or thought patterns. It's hard work navigating relationships, careers and maintaining social connections. Regardless of where you are, you are making a positive choice in seeking out help.
I specialize in treating depression, anxiety, addiction and addressing relationship challenges.
We all face challenges. You may be dealing with depression or anxiety, feeling trapped in addiction to substances, behaviors, attitudes or thought patterns. It's hard work navigating relationships, careers and maintaining social connections. Regardless of where you are, you are making a positive choice in seeking out help.
![Photo of Justine M. Garbaciak, MS, LPC-SAS, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/78b3224a-7732-47e1-8de4-ed08ddf60214/1/320x400.jpeg)
Justine M. Garbaciak
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-SAS, NCC
Verified Verified
Green Bay, WI 54304
My areas of interest and experience include depression, suicide, grief and loss, anxiety disorders, self-esteem, couples and family therapy, life changes, domestic violence, trauma and severe and persistent mental illness.
I believe the hardest part to entering therapy is the first phone call. With many years of experience working in a variety of settings, nothing gives me greater pleasure than assisting individuals in improving their own quality of life and satisfaction. I enjoy working with individuals across the life span to include children ages five and older, adolescents, adults and couples.
My areas of interest and experience include depression, suicide, grief and loss, anxiety disorders, self-esteem, couples and family therapy, life changes, domestic violence, trauma and severe and persistent mental illness.
I believe the hardest part to entering therapy is the first phone call. With many years of experience working in a variety of settings, nothing gives me greater pleasure than assisting individuals in improving their own quality of life and satisfaction. I enjoy working with individuals across the life span to include children ages five and older, adolescents, adults and couples.
![Photo of Christine Pada - Balanced Mindset, LLC - Christine M. Pada, MA, LPC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ba6a8989-5b7d-4ec1-9cd6-91af0bf2f8b7/2/320x400.jpeg)
Balanced Mindset, LLC - Christine M. Pada, MA, LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Green Bay, WI 54301 (Online Only)
Welcome to my new online practice, Balanced Mindset, LLC. I received my Masters from the University of Arkansas Little Rock and I have been practicing for 10 years. I'm licensed in Michigan, Wisconsin, and Florida. I help adults struggling with career stress and burnout become the best versions of themselves. I also help others struggling with anxiety, depression, self esteem concerns and other concerns as needed.
Welcome to my new online practice, Balanced Mindset, LLC. I received my Masters from the University of Arkansas Little Rock and I have been practicing for 10 years. I'm licensed in Michigan, Wisconsin, and Florida. I help adults struggling with career stress and burnout become the best versions of themselves. I also help others struggling with anxiety, depression, self esteem concerns and other concerns as needed.
![Photo of Blanche Schafer, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e6333767-344a-45fc-8a11-8cd8d82fd194/2/320x400.jpeg)
Blanche Schafer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Green Bay, WI 54301
Hello! Thank you for visiting my site. I have 20 years of experience working with clients between the ages of 4 years old to adult. I have seen clients that struggle with anxiety, depression, coping skills, parent relationships, peer relationships, martial issues and trauma history.
Hello! Thank you for visiting my site. I have 20 years of experience working with clients between the ages of 4 years old to adult. I have seen clients that struggle with anxiety, depression, coping skills, parent relationships, peer relationships, martial issues and trauma history.
![Photo of Alegra Fowler - Sweetgrass Behavioral Health , LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ac65f985-c5c5-462f-88ef-617fbfcb2816/2/320x400.jpeg)
Sweetgrass Behavioral Health
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Green Bay, WI 54303
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. My goal is to help individuals and families restore hope by finding their pathway to resilience and restoring balance in their lives. I am passionate about caring for those in need and honored to be a part of their journey toward healing. My areas of specialty are working with children, teens, and adults, specifically those with a trauma history, grief and loss, anxiety disorders, depression, low self-esteem, and ADHD.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. My goal is to help individuals and families restore hope by finding their pathway to resilience and restoring balance in their lives. I am passionate about caring for those in need and honored to be a part of their journey toward healing. My areas of specialty are working with children, teens, and adults, specifically those with a trauma history, grief and loss, anxiety disorders, depression, low self-esteem, and ADHD.
![Photo of Karisa Koch, LPC-IT, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/5188f863-6f0e-4128-9c3c-8736718c250a/2/320x400.png)
I strive to help clients of all ages and backgrounds improve their mental health. I want to able to help my clients bring out their best self and work towards healing. I especially enjoy working with clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, work and relational challenges, grief, and trauma. I believe that mental health is unique and different for each client and enjoy guiding clients through the therapeutic relationship. Helping clients reach their goals in therapy is important to me regardless of their stage in life!
I strive to help clients of all ages and backgrounds improve their mental health. I want to able to help my clients bring out their best self and work towards healing. I especially enjoy working with clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, work and relational challenges, grief, and trauma. I believe that mental health is unique and different for each client and enjoy guiding clients through the therapeutic relationship. Helping clients reach their goals in therapy is important to me regardless of their stage in life!
![Photo of Pa Houa Pearl Kiatoukaysi, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/2c213c76-d58d-426e-9e14-38a4e32c6682/1/320x400.jpeg)
Pa Houa Pearl Kiatoukaysi
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Green Bay, WI 54304
Are you finding yourself anxious, depressed, feeling stuck, and needing some directions or guidance, let me assist you. I believe that an individual has the innate ability to self-heal and recover.
Are you finding yourself anxious, depressed, feeling stuck, and needing some directions or guidance, let me assist you. I believe that an individual has the innate ability to self-heal and recover.
![Photo of Amanda Swisher, LPC-IT, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/07f7d795-0532-4d44-b355-5a292db8390f/1/320x400.jpeg)
I utilize a structured approach to aide in the recovery and development of families, couples, and individuals struggling with concerns such as suicide, anxiety and depression, trauma, and a multitude of life's worries. I enjoy accompanying clients as they take this journey of healing and offering a differing frame of mind utilizing empiric and grounded techniques. I understand the multitude of life experiences of clients and value the empathy and positive regard needed to spark resilience and growth within them, while developing a safe space and fostering a strong therapeutic alliance.
I utilize a structured approach to aide in the recovery and development of families, couples, and individuals struggling with concerns such as suicide, anxiety and depression, trauma, and a multitude of life's worries. I enjoy accompanying clients as they take this journey of healing and offering a differing frame of mind utilizing empiric and grounded techniques. I understand the multitude of life experiences of clients and value the empathy and positive regard needed to spark resilience and growth within them, while developing a safe space and fostering a strong therapeutic alliance.
![Photo of Kimberley Welk, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/26e182ad-2b27-4fa6-a248-ee5a6a2fa9ea/1/320x400.jpeg)
Kimberley Welk
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Green Bay, WI 54304 (Online Only)
I am a licensed marriage and family therapist of nearly 20 years who has been working with individuals, families, and couples within a wide range of ages (14+). I have developed experience in working with women, couples, divorce, trauma, anxiety and depression and am EMDR trained. I am also a certified telehealth provider. I work with clients who are the experts in their lives while I am the expert in therapy and together as a team we can work to meet their goals. I now look forward to applying my experience using telehealth so that I can better help meet the needs of those seeking mental health services.
I am a licensed marriage and family therapist of nearly 20 years who has been working with individuals, families, and couples within a wide range of ages (14+). I have developed experience in working with women, couples, divorce, trauma, anxiety and depression and am EMDR trained. I am also a certified telehealth provider. I work with clients who are the experts in their lives while I am the expert in therapy and together as a team we can work to meet their goals. I now look forward to applying my experience using telehealth so that I can better help meet the needs of those seeking mental health services.
![Photo of Matthew L Fischer, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3f013d57-6d99-4ab5-aa70-d575d504fe38/3/320x400.jpeg)
Matthew L Fischer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Green Bay, WI 54304 (Online Only)
I enjoy working with adults through the convenience of telehealth sessions using methods that have been very successful in areas of anxiety, depression and relationship issues.
Do you struggle with worry, feeling overwhelmed, intrusive thoughts, negative self-talk, anger and/or anxiety? Do you struggle within relationships? Are you you're own worst critic? Do you often wish you could just feel happier and more calm? Do you often feel alone with your struggles and feel others don't understand? Do you have goals that you'd like to meet but they often seem out of reach?
I enjoy working with adults through the convenience of telehealth sessions using methods that have been very successful in areas of anxiety, depression and relationship issues.
Do you struggle with worry, feeling overwhelmed, intrusive thoughts, negative self-talk, anger and/or anxiety? Do you struggle within relationships? Are you you're own worst critic? Do you often wish you could just feel happier and more calm? Do you often feel alone with your struggles and feel others don't understand? Do you have goals that you'd like to meet but they often seem out of reach?
![Photo of Katie Stiteley, MA, LPC-IT, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/da109ab4-236f-4362-a847-4210decef6c2/1/320x400.jpeg)
Katie works with children over eight years old, teens, adults, couples, and families. Her areas of counseling experience are autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), sensory processing, general mental health, anxiety, depression, anger, trauma, self-esteem, communication, behavioral, parenting, and relationship issues. esteem, communication, behavioral, parenting, and relationship issues. Katie enjoys helping clients work through their unique challenges.
Katie works with children over eight years old, teens, adults, couples, and families. Her areas of counseling experience are autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), sensory processing, general mental health, anxiety, depression, anger, trauma, self-esteem, communication, behavioral, parenting, and relationship issues. esteem, communication, behavioral, parenting, and relationship issues. Katie enjoys helping clients work through their unique challenges.
See more therapy options for Ashwaubenon
Nearby Depression Therapists Searches for Ashwaubenon
See More Depression TherapistsDepression Therapists
What is the goal of therapy for depression?
Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognize and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.
What happens in therapy for depression?
Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.
What therapy types help with depression?
Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioral activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.
Can therapy for depression be done online?
Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.
How effective is therapy for depression?
Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.