Sports Performance Therapists in Seattle, WA

Photo of Lee Arakawa, PhD, CMPC
Lee Arakawa
PhD, CMPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98125
Lee's extensive background encompasses working with athletes across diverse sports, levels, and age groups.
Lee is a sport psychology coach with a profound commitment to enhancing athletes' mental performance and overall well-being. Armed with a Ph.D. in Sport Psychology and Sociology, along with certification as an AASP Mental Performance Consultant, Lee brings a unique blend of academic rigor and practical experience to his role.
Lee's extensive background encompasses working with athletes across diverse sports, levels, and age groups.
Lee is a sport psychology coach with a profound commitment to enhancing athletes' mental performance and overall well-being. Armed with a Ph.D. in Sport Psychology and Sociology, along with certification as an AASP Mental Performance Consultant, Lee brings a unique blend of academic rigor and practical experience to his role.
(425) 437-2031 View (425) 437-2031
Photo of Derrek Rodney Falor, MEd, CMPC
Derrek Rodney Falor
MEd, CMPC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98125
As a Certified Consultant of The Association For Applied Sport Psychology, my ideal client is the athlete looking to reduce performance anxiety, improve concentration, learn how to effectively set both short-term and long-term goals, increase/maintain motivation, build self-confidence, recover from injury and/or add more effective pre-training and pre-competition routines. I work with athletes as teens, college aged, and professional athletes. My background and specialization is in soccer, although I do work with many other sports and performance situations including tennis, golf, swimming, volleyball, baseball, and basketball.
As a Certified Consultant of The Association For Applied Sport Psychology, my ideal client is the athlete looking to reduce performance anxiety, improve concentration, learn how to effectively set both short-term and long-term goals, increase/maintain motivation, build self-confidence, recover from injury and/or add more effective pre-training and pre-competition routines. I work with athletes as teens, college aged, and professional athletes. My background and specialization is in soccer, although I do work with many other sports and performance situations including tennis, golf, swimming, volleyball, baseball, and basketball.
(253) 525-8454 View (253) 525-8454
Photo of Paige E. Roberts, MSW, LICSW, LCSW, CBP, CLT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Paige E. Roberts
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, LCSW, CBP, CLT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98101  (Online Only)
I assist athletes and high performers in undoing the stressors, traumas, past pains causing mental illness symptoms like depression, performance anxiety, apathy, insomnia and a performance decline. I use Alpha Imprinting technique to allow for athletes to reset their nervous system from past hurts, pains, injuries, traumas and stressors so they can regain and expand on their peak performance abilities. Alpha Imprinting also desensitizes your nervous system on the sensory or unconscious level from any potential of worst-case scenarios in life and in sports so you can maintain flow "alpha" brain wave state while performing.
I assist athletes and high performers in undoing the stressors, traumas, past pains causing mental illness symptoms like depression, performance anxiety, apathy, insomnia and a performance decline. I use Alpha Imprinting technique to allow for athletes to reset their nervous system from past hurts, pains, injuries, traumas and stressors so they can regain and expand on their peak performance abilities. Alpha Imprinting also desensitizes your nervous system on the sensory or unconscious level from any potential of worst-case scenarios in life and in sports so you can maintain flow "alpha" brain wave state while performing.
(206) 207-4377 View (206) 207-4377
Photo of Kelsey Marinda, MA, LMHC, CPT, Counselor
Kelsey Marinda
Counselor, MA, LMHC, CPT
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98101  (Online Only)
My specialties include anxiety, depression, life transitions, and sports/performance.
We all have a unique story that deserves care and support. It brings me immense joy to use my experience and education to serve each client and their specific needs. As a therapist, I am committed to supporting clients as they learn, heal, and grow. My background includes extensive studies in nutrition, physical health, and mental health. I have experience working with a variety of individuals from industry professionals to adolescents. I am passionate about the importance of mental health as the foundation of a healthy life. Together, we will explore what that may look like for you. ​
My specialties include anxiety, depression, life transitions, and sports/performance.
We all have a unique story that deserves care and support. It brings me immense joy to use my experience and education to serve each client and their specific needs. As a therapist, I am committed to supporting clients as they learn, heal, and grow. My background includes extensive studies in nutrition, physical health, and mental health. I have experience working with a variety of individuals from industry professionals to adolescents. I am passionate about the importance of mental health as the foundation of a healthy life. Together, we will explore what that may look like for you. ​
(425) 307-4551 View (425) 307-4551
Photo of Erin L Good, MSW, LCSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erin L Good
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98105  (Online Only)
I offer a unique blend of clinical practice, training, and personal experience to work with people who have sports-related injuries, athletic / mountain sports performance, or who work in wilderness-based employment (Search & Rescue, Ski Patrol, Avalanche Forecasting, and Guide Services).
Hello and welcome! My name is Erin and I am a clinical social worker. I use a collaborative approach in working with individuals who are 18+ through my practice, Updraft Counseling PLLC. I am compassionately curious to learn more about your life, and I use a strengths-based approach to identify what is working, and what changes you would like to see. I am licensed in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, Utah, and Texas. I have a Post-Graduate Certificate in Sport Social Work from The University of Michigan. I am currently pursuing a Somatic Experiencing Practitioner credential, and I am a Somatic Experiencing Beginner 2 student.
I offer a unique blend of clinical practice, training, and personal experience to work with people who have sports-related injuries, athletic / mountain sports performance, or who work in wilderness-based employment (Search & Rescue, Ski Patrol, Avalanche Forecasting, and Guide Services).
Hello and welcome! My name is Erin and I am a clinical social worker. I use a collaborative approach in working with individuals who are 18+ through my practice, Updraft Counseling PLLC. I am compassionately curious to learn more about your life, and I use a strengths-based approach to identify what is working, and what changes you would like to see. I am licensed in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, Utah, and Texas. I have a Post-Graduate Certificate in Sport Social Work from The University of Michigan. I am currently pursuing a Somatic Experiencing Practitioner credential, and I am a Somatic Experiencing Beginner 2 student.
(406) 300-4299 View (406) 300-4299
Photo of Kelly Granite Enck, CHT, BA, RRT
Kelly Granite Enck
CHT, BA, RRT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98125
Rapid Resolution Therapy (RRT) is a cutting-edge hypnotherapy technique that helps individuals overcome anxiety, panic attacks, trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), quit smoking, manage grief, insomnia, lose weight, enhance sports performance, and build confidence. Book your Online or In-Office RRT Therapy Session with Kelly on her website, clicking the "Book Now" button www.DoylestownHypnosis.com.
Rapid Resolution Therapy (RRT) is a cutting-edge hypnotherapy technique that helps individuals overcome anxiety, panic attacks, trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), quit smoking, manage grief, insomnia, lose weight, enhance sports performance, and build confidence. Book your Online or In-Office RRT Therapy Session with Kelly on her website, clicking the "Book Now" button www.DoylestownHypnosis.com.
(206) 507-3203 View (206) 507-3203
Photo of Karelle Edwards-Perry, MA, LMHCA, CMPC, Counselor
Karelle Edwards-Perry
Counselor, MA, LMHCA, CMPC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98125  (Online Only)
I am a biracial and bilingual woman who believes that everyone is capable of growth with the right support system. Because no two people ever have the same experiences, I use a culturally sensitive and integrative approach to therapy. I believe that the past is often alive in the present and am therefore interested in finding out how unresolved issues may keep showing up for my clients. As a professional athlete who has experienced both the empowering and oppressive aspects of sports culture, I have a particular interest in helping women find their voice and learn to trust their instincts.
I am a biracial and bilingual woman who believes that everyone is capable of growth with the right support system. Because no two people ever have the same experiences, I use a culturally sensitive and integrative approach to therapy. I believe that the past is often alive in the present and am therefore interested in finding out how unresolved issues may keep showing up for my clients. As a professional athlete who has experienced both the empowering and oppressive aspects of sports culture, I have a particular interest in helping women find their voice and learn to trust their instincts.
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Photo of Renee Jones - Whole Beings Counseling & Consultation LLC, MA, CDP, LMHCA, Counselor
Whole Beings Counseling & Consultation LLC
Counselor, MA, CDP, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98109  (Online Only)
Approaches I am influenced by are with the following processes; social justice therapy, attachment/ abandonment, traumas, sports therapy, existential, behavioral theories, brief solution therapy and Jungian enthusiast plus trained in DBT, MI and Expressive Arts Therapy.
Welcome to counseling; to be helpful lets regain access to inner wisdom for self advocacy through review of your strength base building practices by use of expressive arts therapy (life has been your stage), explore dreams (Adlerian therapies), explore play& traumas to connect with your inner child/teen or find your inner parent, track sensations with the mind, body and spirit for grounding purposes in our sessions. Welcome and thank you for adding me to your search!
Approaches I am influenced by are with the following processes; social justice therapy, attachment/ abandonment, traumas, sports therapy, existential, behavioral theories, brief solution therapy and Jungian enthusiast plus trained in DBT, MI and Expressive Arts Therapy.
Welcome to counseling; to be helpful lets regain access to inner wisdom for self advocacy through review of your strength base building practices by use of expressive arts therapy (life has been your stage), explore dreams (Adlerian therapies), explore play& traumas to connect with your inner child/teen or find your inner parent, track sensations with the mind, body and spirit for grounding purposes in our sessions. Welcome and thank you for adding me to your search!
(206) 207-4683 View (206) 207-4683
Photo of Chris Trimis, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Chris Trimis
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98112
I use outside-the-box approaches to build a relationship and help this population explore themselves and new mental skills; I love using sports, music, and movement outdoors to connect with youth through settings and activities that are naturally engaging for them.
I offer a creative, youth-centered approach to help boys and young men who are impacted by mental and behavioral health concerns. I begin work with each individual by seeking to understand their personality and identities, their unique skills and challenges, the systems and environments they are living in, and the way mental health symptoms are getting in the way of their valued goals. I prioritize building a strong therapeutic relationship as a pathway to help the individual connect more deeply to themselves and those around them.
I use outside-the-box approaches to build a relationship and help this population explore themselves and new mental skills; I love using sports, music, and movement outdoors to connect with youth through settings and activities that are naturally engaging for them.
I offer a creative, youth-centered approach to help boys and young men who are impacted by mental and behavioral health concerns. I begin work with each individual by seeking to understand their personality and identities, their unique skills and challenges, the systems and environments they are living in, and the way mental health symptoms are getting in the way of their valued goals. I prioritize building a strong therapeutic relationship as a pathway to help the individual connect more deeply to themselves and those around them.
(206) 472-1692 View (206) 472-1692
Photo of Scott Liebert, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Scott Liebert
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Verified Verified
12 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98109
I am also an avid Northern California sports fan, I come from a huge family, and I am engaged to be married this summer!.
I have current openings in-person & via telehealth! I work with individuals, couples, and families, and I help clients develop tools and strategies to navigate life's changes and challenges and to thrive in a healthier way. Some clients prefer assignments between sessions, some prefer psycho-education, and others still prefer therapy focused on emotion. I work with clients to determine how to maximize our time together and get the most out of therapy. In turn, clients feel agency over the change they create in their lives. I believe this change best occurs in a safe, trusting environment. Free consultations available upon request!
I am also an avid Northern California sports fan, I come from a huge family, and I am engaged to be married this summer!.
I have current openings in-person & via telehealth! I work with individuals, couples, and families, and I help clients develop tools and strategies to navigate life's changes and challenges and to thrive in a healthier way. Some clients prefer assignments between sessions, some prefer psycho-education, and others still prefer therapy focused on emotion. I work with clients to determine how to maximize our time together and get the most out of therapy. In turn, clients feel agency over the change they create in their lives. I believe this change best occurs in a safe, trusting environment. Free consultations available upon request!
(425) 842-1712 View (425) 842-1712
Photo of Lauren Beck, MA, LMHC, LCPC, Counselor
Lauren Beck
Counselor, MA, LMHC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98101
As a therapist, my counseling approach is integrative and evidenced-based. I have training and experience in a variety of different therapeutic approaches including cognitive behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, mindfulness-based therapy, solution-focused therapy, client-centered therapy, LGBTQIA counseling, and sports and fitness therapy. This diverse background allows me to integrate the counseling approach best suited for your unique needs.
As a therapist, my counseling approach is integrative and evidenced-based. I have training and experience in a variety of different therapeutic approaches including cognitive behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, mindfulness-based therapy, solution-focused therapy, client-centered therapy, LGBTQIA counseling, and sports and fitness therapy. This diverse background allows me to integrate the counseling approach best suited for your unique needs.
(206) 752-1391 View (206) 752-1391
Photo of Karin Yahr, LMHC, LPC, LCPC, Counselor
Karin Yahr
Counselor, LMHC, LPC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98104  (Online Only)
I have 14 years’ experience in the mental health industry specializing in Mindfulness Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Sports Psychology, and Executive Coaching.
Sometimes life situations or past experiences create self-doubt, personal insecurities of “not being good enough,” and may even have negatively influenced how you manage life stress, relationships, and even become a barrier to achieving personal or professional goals. I want to work with you to uncover these barriers and rebuild a stronger sense of wellbeing and enhance motivation. Through the integration of Mindfulness concepts and tools from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, we will investigate thought patterns, challenge negative patterns, remove negative judgment, and build a stronger sense of self, self-worth.
I have 14 years’ experience in the mental health industry specializing in Mindfulness Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Sports Psychology, and Executive Coaching.
Sometimes life situations or past experiences create self-doubt, personal insecurities of “not being good enough,” and may even have negatively influenced how you manage life stress, relationships, and even become a barrier to achieving personal or professional goals. I want to work with you to uncover these barriers and rebuild a stronger sense of wellbeing and enhance motivation. Through the integration of Mindfulness concepts and tools from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, we will investigate thought patterns, challenge negative patterns, remove negative judgment, and build a stronger sense of self, self-worth.
(206) 895-3075 View (206) 895-3075
Photo of Charlie Todaro, PsyD, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Charlie Todaro
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD, MA
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98105
My desire to support others and a lifelong passion for sports are the core reasons why I entered the fields of clinical and sport psychology. I believe in collaborative care - you drive the bus and I am a passenger providing support along the way. I utilize a relational approach, bringing a genuine sense of self in supporting clients openly and authentically. I am practical and integrative, make room for trial and error, and strive to help clients build skills that work for their needs. My goal is to understand your experience, learn your needs, and provide a supportive space for growth and change.
My desire to support others and a lifelong passion for sports are the core reasons why I entered the fields of clinical and sport psychology. I believe in collaborative care - you drive the bus and I am a passenger providing support along the way. I utilize a relational approach, bringing a genuine sense of self in supporting clients openly and authentically. I am practical and integrative, make room for trial and error, and strive to help clients build skills that work for their needs. My goal is to understand your experience, learn your needs, and provide a supportive space for growth and change.
(512) 675-1304 View (512) 675-1304
Photo of Dr. Tammara Bodē, PsyD, Counselor
Dr. Tammara Bodē
Counselor, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98115  (Online Only)
As a former competitive athlete and long time coach I understand the pressure associated with competitive sports.
As a licensed psychologist, I specialize in working with youth athletes ages 7-24, coaches, and parents who are deeply committed to enhancing their performance, both in their sport and in life. Together, we work on the athlete's chosen goals, creating the mental fortitude and skills necessary to excel under pressure, overcome obstacles such as injuries, and work cohesively as part of a team. Athletes learn skills such as relaxation, self-talk, imagery, concentration/focus, centering, motivation, and more. I also work with coaches who are interested in integrating mental skills into their coaching strategies.
As a former competitive athlete and long time coach I understand the pressure associated with competitive sports.
As a licensed psychologist, I specialize in working with youth athletes ages 7-24, coaches, and parents who are deeply committed to enhancing their performance, both in their sport and in life. Together, we work on the athlete's chosen goals, creating the mental fortitude and skills necessary to excel under pressure, overcome obstacles such as injuries, and work cohesively as part of a team. Athletes learn skills such as relaxation, self-talk, imagery, concentration/focus, centering, motivation, and more. I also work with coaches who are interested in integrating mental skills into their coaching strategies.
(206) 759-2804 View (206) 759-2804
Photo of Claire Hipkens, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Claire Hipkens
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98105  (Online Only)
Immediate availability. I'm open to a broad client base but most often work with college students, pro athletes/entertainers & their family members. I ran the mental health services for UW athletics & am the consulting clinician for the MLB and the NHL. I work best with driven people experiencing a big change. Perhaps, despite your best efforts, things aren’t working out as you’d hoped. Or perhaps you’ve gotten all you wanted and it doesn’t satisfy. Though I often work with athletes I am not a Sports Psych. In fact, I don’t even follow sports! I’m here for the rest of your life and identity.
Immediate availability. I'm open to a broad client base but most often work with college students, pro athletes/entertainers & their family members. I ran the mental health services for UW athletics & am the consulting clinician for the MLB and the NHL. I work best with driven people experiencing a big change. Perhaps, despite your best efforts, things aren’t working out as you’d hoped. Or perhaps you’ve gotten all you wanted and it doesn’t satisfy. Though I often work with athletes I am not a Sports Psych. In fact, I don’t even follow sports! I’m here for the rest of your life and identity.
(206) 752-2461 View (206) 752-2461
Photo of Serge Timacheff - The Hypno Group, BSc, CHT
The Hypno Group
BSc, CHT
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98101
Many of my clients need help with anxiety, pain, bad habits, relationships, sexuality, fears, and phobias. Issues my clients have and specific treatment areas (see my web site) range from tooth grinding, reducing chronic pain, improving performance in sports, stopping smoking, weight loss, anxiety about medical or dental procedures, sex issues, sleep problems, spiritual conflicts, setting goals and addressing mental "blocks," resolving past issues in life, to improving relationships. I help people learn to relax and how to have personal "tools" to "dial down" stress, pain, and anxiety to become healthy, happy, and centered.
Many of my clients need help with anxiety, pain, bad habits, relationships, sexuality, fears, and phobias. Issues my clients have and specific treatment areas (see my web site) range from tooth grinding, reducing chronic pain, improving performance in sports, stopping smoking, weight loss, anxiety about medical or dental procedures, sex issues, sleep problems, spiritual conflicts, setting goals and addressing mental "blocks," resolving past issues in life, to improving relationships. I help people learn to relax and how to have personal "tools" to "dial down" stress, pain, and anxiety to become healthy, happy, and centered.
(253) 285-1615 View (253) 285-1615
Photo of Matthew Wright, LCPC, LMHC, Counselor
Matthew Wright
Counselor, LCPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98103
I also have a passion for the outdoors and sports psychology.
We all have a tendency to put others first, but in doing so, we often neglect the relationship with ourselves. I focus on helping others understand themselves with clarity, so they are better able to make useful choices about their life and relationships. I aim to guide my clients in learning new skills, setting boundaries, find self-determined perspectives for relationships, and accomplishing life goals.
I also have a passion for the outdoors and sports psychology.
We all have a tendency to put others first, but in doing so, we often neglect the relationship with ourselves. I focus on helping others understand themselves with clarity, so they are better able to make useful choices about their life and relationships. I aim to guide my clients in learning new skills, setting boundaries, find self-determined perspectives for relationships, and accomplishing life goals.
(986) 203-3353 View (986) 203-3353
Photo of Nicholas Navarro, LMHCA, MS, Counselor
Nicholas Navarro
Counselor, LMHCA, MS
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98101  (Online Only)
Are you an athlete looking for a counselor with a sports background? I am a former athlete who can provide CBT therapy for athletes.
I am available!... Telehealth (video) in WA anywhere! Through various therapies including Cognitive Behavior Therapy, narrative, trauma focused and more, we specialize in uncovering your potential for wholeness. I offer counseling therapy services for individuals, adults and youth.
Are you an athlete looking for a counselor with a sports background? I am a former athlete who can provide CBT therapy for athletes.
I am available!... Telehealth (video) in WA anywhere! Through various therapies including Cognitive Behavior Therapy, narrative, trauma focused and more, we specialize in uncovering your potential for wholeness. I offer counseling therapy services for individuals, adults and youth.
(509) 210-0506 View (509) 210-0506
Photo of Darci Freeman, LMFT, ACC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Darci Freeman
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, ACC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98109
As athletes, performers, and leaders, your talents and capabilities can take you a long way. To reach the next level, you require mental resilience and skill refinement. Acquire the ability to stay fully focused on the present and master your emotions that may hinder your performance. Instead of looking back a year from now, still battling the same obstacles, let's work together to establish new habits and overcome these barriers, propelling you toward greater success.
As athletes, performers, and leaders, your talents and capabilities can take you a long way. To reach the next level, you require mental resilience and skill refinement. Acquire the ability to stay fully focused on the present and master your emotions that may hinder your performance. Instead of looking back a year from now, still battling the same obstacles, let's work together to establish new habits and overcome these barriers, propelling you toward greater success.
(206) 279-9676 View (206) 279-9676
Photo of Connor Hartley, LMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Connor Hartley
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98121  (Online Only)
I'm Connor, the head athletics mental health clinician at Washington State University. I work with athletes and others on their general mental health and sport psych performance issues. On the performance side, I treat performance anxiety, lack of confidence, burnout, and more. On the clinical side, I work with people experiencing depression, anxiety, difficulty with stress management, big life adjustments, grief, hoarding, and more. Regardless of the model, I always provide a warm, positive listening ear with a strong desire to help.
I'm Connor, the head athletics mental health clinician at Washington State University. I work with athletes and others on their general mental health and sport psych performance issues. On the performance side, I treat performance anxiety, lack of confidence, burnout, and more. On the clinical side, I work with people experiencing depression, anxiety, difficulty with stress management, big life adjustments, grief, hoarding, and more. Regardless of the model, I always provide a warm, positive listening ear with a strong desire to help.
(206) 594-5166 View (206) 594-5166
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Sports Performance Therapists

How does sports psychology work?

Sports psychology helps athletes identify and overcome challenges, such as perfectionism or a fear of failure, and improve key mental skills, such as confidence or concentration. By applying principles and techniques from psychology, such as goal-setting, visualization, positive self-talk, and emotion regulation, sports psychologists help athletes improve their performance on the field and their well-being overall.

How long does treatment for a sports-related problem take?

The duration of sports psychology treatment depends on the athlete’s individual challenges, goals, the complexity of the interventions used, and even on the length of the season. A performance anxiety issue may be treated with a short-term treatment, like Cognitive behavioural therapy, while issues such as depression, substance abuse, or severe anxiety may require longer-term treatments.

How effective is treatment for sports performance problems?

Sports psychology has been shown to improve performance and help athletes manage their emotions. Sports psychology can be effective in boosting performance, team dynamics, and injury rehabilitation. Over the past decade, nearly every professional sports team in every major sport has added a sports psychologist to its staff. Many colleges have done the same, and even some high school programs have done the same. Olympic hopefuls may consult with sports psychologists starting in elementary school.

What are the limitations of sports psychology?

Sports psychology may have several limitations. Every athlete is unique and may respond differently to sports psychology treatments. Therapy can help an athlete reach their potential; it can help athletes cope with injury and pain, but it cannot change the physical limitations that may be affecting an athlete’s performance.