Motivational Interviewing Therapists in Monroe, WA

Photo of Rene Tobin, MS, LMHC, CDP, Counselor
Rene Tobin
Counselor, MS, LMHC, CDP
Verified Verified
Monroe, WA 98272
Waitlist for new clients
With humanism at the core I utilize a variety of modalities including cognitive behavioral therapy, art therapy, mindfulness and motivational interviewing.
I believe change takes place in the context of a relationship. My focus is on helping my clients achieve their therapy goals. I collaborate with my clients to support them in finding solutions to the challenges they bring to our sessions. I use an integrated approach tailored to your goals and values. I tend to be solution and goal focused, but to get there most individuals need to process experiences and emotions to better understand their own thoughts and feelings. With productive self-awareness your actions will naturally become more effective and thoughtful.
With humanism at the core I utilize a variety of modalities including cognitive behavioral therapy, art therapy, mindfulness and motivational interviewing.
I believe change takes place in the context of a relationship. My focus is on helping my clients achieve their therapy goals. I collaborate with my clients to support them in finding solutions to the challenges they bring to our sessions. I use an integrated approach tailored to your goals and values. I tend to be solution and goal focused, but to get there most individuals need to process experiences and emotions to better understand their own thoughts and feelings. With productive self-awareness your actions will naturally become more effective and thoughtful.
(360) 347-9722 x4 View (360) 347-9722 x4
Photo of Michelle Thorsteinson, MS, LMHCA, LMFTA, Counselor
Michelle Thorsteinson
Counselor, MS, LMHCA, LMFTA
Verified Verified
Monroe, WA 98272
I work with individual adults, couples and families. My commitment to my clients is to come alongside you in support of the meaningful work of healing and transformation that you seek. I value the relationship between client and counselor, and believe it is core to the therapeutic process. Therefore, I am committed to an initial session that supports discernment about whether we are a good fit for moving forward in the counseling relationship. If not, then I do not charge for that session and help point you toward others who may better serve you.
I work with individual adults, couples and families. My commitment to my clients is to come alongside you in support of the meaningful work of healing and transformation that you seek. I value the relationship between client and counselor, and believe it is core to the therapeutic process. Therefore, I am committed to an initial session that supports discernment about whether we are a good fit for moving forward in the counseling relationship. If not, then I do not charge for that session and help point you toward others who may better serve you.
(360) 284-1871 View (360) 284-1871
Photo of Lori D. Wolff, MA, MHP, LMFT, CMHS, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lori D. Wolff
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MHP, LMFT, CMHS
Verified Verified
Monroe, WA 98272  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
The ultimate goal at Harmony in Tranquility: Counseling for the Soul, is to support individuals and families in building healthier and happier lives. Starting internally, creating further external success and happiness. My expertise includes individual, family, and couple's therapy (to include child and adolescent treatment). I believe in the utmost respect of individuals and emphasize the importance of dignity and worth within each person. See Link(s): https://youtu.be/XvoWIkFik5o / https://youtu.be/nlF-L2VqeVI / https://harmonyintranquility.clientsecure.me/
The ultimate goal at Harmony in Tranquility: Counseling for the Soul, is to support individuals and families in building healthier and happier lives. Starting internally, creating further external success and happiness. My expertise includes individual, family, and couple's therapy (to include child and adolescent treatment). I believe in the utmost respect of individuals and emphasize the importance of dignity and worth within each person. See Link(s): https://youtu.be/XvoWIkFik5o / https://youtu.be/nlF-L2VqeVI / https://harmonyintranquility.clientsecure.me/
(253) 528-7475 View (253) 528-7475
Photo of Denise Hie - Denise Hie, LMFT, LLC, LMFT, MHP, CMHP, Marriage & Family Therapist
Denise Hie, LMFT, LLC
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MHP, CMHP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Monroe, WA 98272
If you or your family have come across challenges you've never had and don't know where to begin... Or if something has had a negative impact on relationships... Or you are experiencing grief... Together, we can find a path that is comfortable and fitting. I work with each client in their own value system to reach goals. I understand it is uncomfortable to bring personal details to a stranger, and honor your journey to growth and positive change. I am licensed to work with clients from the states of WA and OR, with my location being in WA.
If you or your family have come across challenges you've never had and don't know where to begin... Or if something has had a negative impact on relationships... Or you are experiencing grief... Together, we can find a path that is comfortable and fitting. I work with each client in their own value system to reach goals. I understand it is uncomfortable to bring personal details to a stranger, and honor your journey to growth and positive change. I am licensed to work with clients from the states of WA and OR, with my location being in WA.
(425) 478-4132 View (425) 478-4132
Photo of Anna DiNoto, PsyD, LMHC, CFMHE, Psychologist
Anna DiNoto
Psychologist, PsyD, LMHC, CFMHE
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Monroe, WA 98272
I'm a neurodivergent psychologist - for me this means I tend to talk and move rapidly & love researching! I believe my neurodiversity could provide a unique lens & approach to your care. I find great joy in helping individuals of all ages become more independent, understand themselves, and achieve their self-identified goals at the pace that is comfortable for their unique circumstances. I consider myself to be a behaviorist with a heart. Simply put, while I am linear and direct in my approach to clinical care, my overall style has been described as coming across as gentle, accommodating, compassionate, transparent, & authentic.
I'm a neurodivergent psychologist - for me this means I tend to talk and move rapidly & love researching! I believe my neurodiversity could provide a unique lens & approach to your care. I find great joy in helping individuals of all ages become more independent, understand themselves, and achieve their self-identified goals at the pace that is comfortable for their unique circumstances. I consider myself to be a behaviorist with a heart. Simply put, while I am linear and direct in my approach to clinical care, my overall style has been described as coming across as gentle, accommodating, compassionate, transparent, & authentic.
(206) 339-8286 View (206) 339-8286
Photo of Barbara J Olson, MA, LMHC, NCC, Counselor
Barbara J Olson
Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Monroe, WA 98272
I invite you into a safe, confidential, & caring environment to receive help with anxiety, depression, and difficult situations in your life. Many of us long to be truly seen, heard, & known. Sadly, we have spent years accruing just the opposite: feeling invisible, silenced, isolated, rejected or abandoned. This therapy is collaborative and gentle. I have over 15 years of experience working with people, their emotional needs, & their personal journey towards growth & healing. My hope is that you feel my deep valuing of your life experience, a sense of honor for your uniqueness & my belief for positive change within you.
I invite you into a safe, confidential, & caring environment to receive help with anxiety, depression, and difficult situations in your life. Many of us long to be truly seen, heard, & known. Sadly, we have spent years accruing just the opposite: feeling invisible, silenced, isolated, rejected or abandoned. This therapy is collaborative and gentle. I have over 15 years of experience working with people, their emotional needs, & their personal journey towards growth & healing. My hope is that you feel my deep valuing of your life experience, a sense of honor for your uniqueness & my belief for positive change within you.
(425) 247-1707 View (425) 247-1707
Photo of Shaeann Reese, LMHC, CCTP, BSP, Counselor
Shaeann Reese
Counselor, LMHC, CCTP, BSP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Monroe, WA 98272
Accepting New Clients!. Providing services to teens and adults who are struggling with mood and/or behavioral issues, depression, anxiety, frustrated parents, relationship issues, cancer patients/survivors/individuals that hope for a better life. I consider individual's strengths and needs in order to provide the best therapeutic interventions. I specialize in providing trauma focused modalities to those who are struggling with trauma and may be suffering from PTSD. I also provide services to a wide range of individuals, utilizing a number of therapeutic inventions.
Accepting New Clients!. Providing services to teens and adults who are struggling with mood and/or behavioral issues, depression, anxiety, frustrated parents, relationship issues, cancer patients/survivors/individuals that hope for a better life. I consider individual's strengths and needs in order to provide the best therapeutic interventions. I specialize in providing trauma focused modalities to those who are struggling with trauma and may be suffering from PTSD. I also provide services to a wide range of individuals, utilizing a number of therapeutic inventions.
(206) 966-6764 View (206) 966-6764
Photo of Tammette L Chitwood, MS, CC, LMHCA, Counselor
Tammette L Chitwood
Counselor, MS, CC, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Monroe, WA 98272
As your therapist, my goal is to provide you with a warm and welcoming environment where you are free to explore the areas of your life you wish to improve for holistic healing - physical, emotional, mental, relational, and spiritual. I offer a warm and empathetic environment as I use a person-centered approach that allows me to understand you through your own unique experiences and walk alongside you on this journey to achieve your personal goals. My primary focus is in child, individual, and couples/family counseling as well as working with neurodivergent populations using neurodiversity-affirming language and approach.
As your therapist, my goal is to provide you with a warm and welcoming environment where you are free to explore the areas of your life you wish to improve for holistic healing - physical, emotional, mental, relational, and spiritual. I offer a warm and empathetic environment as I use a person-centered approach that allows me to understand you through your own unique experiences and walk alongside you on this journey to achieve your personal goals. My primary focus is in child, individual, and couples/family counseling as well as working with neurodivergent populations using neurodiversity-affirming language and approach.
(206) 388-3929 View (206) 388-3929
Photo of Harrison Davis, MSEd, LMHC, Counselor
Harrison Davis
Counselor, MSEd, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Monroe, WA 98272  (Online Only)
Immediate Openings - I enjoy working with individuals that have been met with challenges that may seem too great to overcome alone. I want to work with those clients struggling to adjust to changes in their life or seek a deeper understanding of how they interact with their world. I thrive working with clients that interested in improving their interpersonal connections whether that be within the nuclear family, work peers, or in the community. I seek to work with individuals that struggle to understand why they interact with themselves and others the way they do because that is the core of wellness.
Immediate Openings - I enjoy working with individuals that have been met with challenges that may seem too great to overcome alone. I want to work with those clients struggling to adjust to changes in their life or seek a deeper understanding of how they interact with their world. I thrive working with clients that interested in improving their interpersonal connections whether that be within the nuclear family, work peers, or in the community. I seek to work with individuals that struggle to understand why they interact with themselves and others the way they do because that is the core of wellness.
(206) 309-7218 View (206) 309-7218
Photo of Michele Cirella, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michele Cirella
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Monroe, WA 98272
Life can be challenging and sometimes we need extra support. I specialize in providing individual and family therapy to adults, children, and adolescents that are experiencing a variety of issues such as anxiety, depression, trauma, LGBTQ+ issues, family disruptions and conflicts, and peer interactions. I am currently in the process of completing a certification that will be completed at the end of March to be able to serve parents who are struggling with Postpartum Disorders. I look forward to taking this journey with you towards a healthier and happier life.
Life can be challenging and sometimes we need extra support. I specialize in providing individual and family therapy to adults, children, and adolescents that are experiencing a variety of issues such as anxiety, depression, trauma, LGBTQ+ issues, family disruptions and conflicts, and peer interactions. I am currently in the process of completing a certification that will be completed at the end of March to be able to serve parents who are struggling with Postpartum Disorders. I look forward to taking this journey with you towards a healthier and happier life.
(360) 967-9618 View (360) 967-9618
Photo of Christine Gomes, PsyD, Psychologist
Christine Gomes
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Monroe, WA 98272  (Online Only)
Have you been struggling with difficult thoughts or feelings? Ever feel stuck or like you're living on auto-pilot? If so, I can help. I believe that we are healthiest when we allow ourselves to be exactly who we are. I have special interests in relational and religious trauma, as well as working with people with addiction issues, severe depression, anxiety disorders, and suicidal thoughts and actions. No matter where you are in your healing journey, I hope to join you and help you see that you are not alone in the struggle. You are your greatest healer, and I will be your guide along the way.
Have you been struggling with difficult thoughts or feelings? Ever feel stuck or like you're living on auto-pilot? If so, I can help. I believe that we are healthiest when we allow ourselves to be exactly who we are. I have special interests in relational and religious trauma, as well as working with people with addiction issues, severe depression, anxiety disorders, and suicidal thoughts and actions. No matter where you are in your healing journey, I hope to join you and help you see that you are not alone in the struggle. You are your greatest healer, and I will be your guide along the way.
(206) 203-0815 View (206) 203-0815
Photo of Katelyn Boschert, MSW, LSWAIC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katelyn Boschert
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
Monroe, WA 98272  (Online Only)
I work with adolescents and young adults from the age of 13 providing support in the areas of anxiety, family and school issues, depression, adjustment, authority, and other issues, which are faced in our changing world. I work closely with families from all background, schools, and community to support clients as they gently work through their areas of healing. Also, as an experienced clinician with broad skills in adjustment, I understand the challenges individuals/families face in transition. As your therapist, I will provide deep support and tools for your emotional health and growth.
I work with adolescents and young adults from the age of 13 providing support in the areas of anxiety, family and school issues, depression, adjustment, authority, and other issues, which are faced in our changing world. I work closely with families from all background, schools, and community to support clients as they gently work through their areas of healing. Also, as an experienced clinician with broad skills in adjustment, I understand the challenges individuals/families face in transition. As your therapist, I will provide deep support and tools for your emotional health and growth.
(360) 743-4274 View (360) 743-4274
Photo of Moriah Melendez, LMHCA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Moriah Melendez
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Monroe, WA 98272  (Online Only)
Now Accepting New Clients! Do you describe yourself as a reluctant/recovering perfectionist, people pleaser, codependent, or a caretaker, the ‘mom’ of your friend group? Do you feel as though no one really knows or understands you? Do you have a hard time saying ‘no’ and end up overextending yourself or back out of things often? Are you good at anticipating the needs and feelings of others? My clients typically struggle with insecurity, thought spiraling, overthinking. They often struggle with their self-worth and have a hard time understanding who they are. They're self-aware, but unsure of what they need or how to change.
Now Accepting New Clients! Do you describe yourself as a reluctant/recovering perfectionist, people pleaser, codependent, or a caretaker, the ‘mom’ of your friend group? Do you feel as though no one really knows or understands you? Do you have a hard time saying ‘no’ and end up overextending yourself or back out of things often? Are you good at anticipating the needs and feelings of others? My clients typically struggle with insecurity, thought spiraling, overthinking. They often struggle with their self-worth and have a hard time understanding who they are. They're self-aware, but unsure of what they need or how to change.
(425) 786-2091 View (425) 786-2091
Photo of Natalie Goobes, MS, LMFTA, MedFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Natalie Goobes
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, LMFTA, MedFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Monroe, WA 98272
Currently Accepting New Clients! I work with couples, families, and individuals with a systems perspective. I have experience working with Anxiety, PTSD, ADHD, Depression, adjustment to a change or stressor, and self-development skills. I am currently in training to work with people dealing with Cancer and additional chronic medical conditions. I have supplementary education in social justice and cultural studies.
Currently Accepting New Clients! I work with couples, families, and individuals with a systems perspective. I have experience working with Anxiety, PTSD, ADHD, Depression, adjustment to a change or stressor, and self-development skills. I am currently in training to work with people dealing with Cancer and additional chronic medical conditions. I have supplementary education in social justice and cultural studies.
(425) 522-2440 View (425) 522-2440
Photo of Eric Gordon Huffman, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Eric Gordon Huffman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Monroe, WA 98272
Not accepting new clients
For 20+ years I have been providing individual psychotherapy. You might be thinking about therapy because you have a sense that something is wrong or something hurts. Sometimes all you know is you have not felt happy for a long time. Perhaps you are experiencing confusion about a relationship or are having anxiety or depression. You have Bipolar Disorder or ADHD and want help beyond medications. Perhaps you are going through a transition such as divorce. You may find yourself up against the "same old problems" at work or home. You may be trying to manage trauma. I can help.
For 20+ years I have been providing individual psychotherapy. You might be thinking about therapy because you have a sense that something is wrong or something hurts. Sometimes all you know is you have not felt happy for a long time. Perhaps you are experiencing confusion about a relationship or are having anxiety or depression. You have Bipolar Disorder or ADHD and want help beyond medications. Perhaps you are going through a transition such as divorce. You may find yourself up against the "same old problems" at work or home. You may be trying to manage trauma. I can help.
(425) 678-2270 View (425) 678-2270
Photo of Stephanie E Cuevas, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stephanie E Cuevas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Monroe, WA 98272  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Feeling stuck? Having thoughts like “I’m not good enough”, "you’re letting everyone down", or just feeling overwhelmed with anxiety. It feels like there’s so much happening…You try so hard for everyone else in your life and there’s nothing left for you. It can feel like drowning. These feelings, while normal, are very isolating. As a late ADHD-er/neuro-spicy individual I know how complicated all these things can be. I've worked 12 years in the mental health field with adults navigating issues of anxiety, ADHD, trauma, family of origin stuff and burnout with the goal of improving self-esteem and quality of life.
Feeling stuck? Having thoughts like “I’m not good enough”, "you’re letting everyone down", or just feeling overwhelmed with anxiety. It feels like there’s so much happening…You try so hard for everyone else in your life and there’s nothing left for you. It can feel like drowning. These feelings, while normal, are very isolating. As a late ADHD-er/neuro-spicy individual I know how complicated all these things can be. I've worked 12 years in the mental health field with adults navigating issues of anxiety, ADHD, trauma, family of origin stuff and burnout with the goal of improving self-esteem and quality of life.
(425) 600-7421 View (425) 600-7421

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Lauralie A Huddleston - Natures Renewal Counseling, LMHC, Counselor
Natures Renewal Counseling
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Snohomish, WA 98290
Lauralie provides skills in Mindfulness, Cognitive Behavioral therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing and healing rituals that create a holistic healthy habits.
In all stages of life, we undergo changes, transitions can be difficult. Lauralie can assist in smoothing out the anxieties or depression from loss with these changes. Working through grief, loss, divorce, or maturing through the stages of life you can find renewal of self. The anxiety is a fear of an unknown future, one can feel the fear and go forward as therapy will guide you through the uncertainty with your strengths and empowerment. Life was not meant to be a struggle with chronic pain, don't let pain stop your activities and pursuits.
Lauralie provides skills in Mindfulness, Cognitive Behavioral therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing and healing rituals that create a holistic healthy habits.
In all stages of life, we undergo changes, transitions can be difficult. Lauralie can assist in smoothing out the anxieties or depression from loss with these changes. Working through grief, loss, divorce, or maturing through the stages of life you can find renewal of self. The anxiety is a fear of an unknown future, one can feel the fear and go forward as therapy will guide you through the uncertainty with your strengths and empowerment. Life was not meant to be a struggle with chronic pain, don't let pain stop your activities and pursuits.
(425) 437-3266 View (425) 437-3266
Photo of Jasmine Nicole McCarthy, MA, NCC, LMHCA, MHP, Counselor
Jasmine Nicole McCarthy
Counselor, MA, NCC, LMHCA, MHP
Verified Verified
Snohomish, WA 98290  (Online Only)
I specialize in working with young adults, kids, teens, families, and groups through an eclectic person-centered approach utilizing modalities such as somatic, CBT, art, motivational interviewing, + more.
I work with clients to process trauma, emotions, and life stressors; cope with and ease symptoms of anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, and post-traumatic stress and expand their window of tolerance/what they are able to tolerate; rewire thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and thereby one’s environment to align with their authentic truth and desires; define and draw boundaries; and identify core beliefs. I love to help women create a life in alignment with their menstrual cycle (intentional scheduling, eating, intimacy, and socializing for optimal energy functioning), as well as help all people structure and deepen their spiritual path.
I specialize in working with young adults, kids, teens, families, and groups through an eclectic person-centered approach utilizing modalities such as somatic, CBT, art, motivational interviewing, + more.
I work with clients to process trauma, emotions, and life stressors; cope with and ease symptoms of anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, and post-traumatic stress and expand their window of tolerance/what they are able to tolerate; rewire thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and thereby one’s environment to align with their authentic truth and desires; define and draw boundaries; and identify core beliefs. I love to help women create a life in alignment with their menstrual cycle (intentional scheduling, eating, intimacy, and socializing for optimal energy functioning), as well as help all people structure and deepen their spiritual path.
(206) 759-2244 View (206) 759-2244
Photo of Cassie Rush, LMHC, SUDPT, Counselor
Cassie Rush
Counselor, LMHC, SUDPT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Duvall, WA 98019
My background is solidly grounded in evidence-based techniques such as CBT, DBT and Motivational Interviewing.
I invite you to begin working towards a more fulfilling future. I believe that individuals are striving to grow, and that everyone has a unique path toward change. Focusing on providing a warm and non-judgmental environment, I listen with empathy, compassion and patience. I am experienced in addressing the concerns that my clients bring and I offer additional expertise in treatment of depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, relationship challenges and addictions. I have over 17 years of experience in the field working with both youth and adults.
My background is solidly grounded in evidence-based techniques such as CBT, DBT and Motivational Interviewing.
I invite you to begin working towards a more fulfilling future. I believe that individuals are striving to grow, and that everyone has a unique path toward change. Focusing on providing a warm and non-judgmental environment, I listen with empathy, compassion and patience. I am experienced in addressing the concerns that my clients bring and I offer additional expertise in treatment of depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, relationship challenges and addictions. I have over 17 years of experience in the field working with both youth and adults.
(206) 207-9684 View (206) 207-9684
Photo of Amanda Jo Maas - Healing Horizons Counseling, PLLC, LPC, LMHC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Healing Horizons Counseling, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Bothell, WA 98012  (Online Only)
At Healing Horizons Counseling, I am dedicated to providing exceptional mental health and substance use counseling services. You can find empowerment within a supportive environment. I believe in collaboration, actively listening, showing empathy, and aligning therapeutic interventions with clients' cultural values and beliefs. Let me help you on your journey towards a healthier and happier life.
At Healing Horizons Counseling, I am dedicated to providing exceptional mental health and substance use counseling services. You can find empowerment within a supportive environment. I believe in collaboration, actively listening, showing empathy, and aligning therapeutic interventions with clients' cultural values and beliefs. Let me help you on your journey towards a healthier and happier life.
(509) 519-3818 View (509) 519-3818
Motivational Interviewing Therapists

How does motivational interviewing work?

Motivational interviewing aims to uncover a person’s internal motivation to change their life. Toward this end, the therapist listens, empathizes, and collaborates with the client based on their perspective; the therapist doesn’t adhere to a predetermined plan for change or impose their viewpoint on the client. Discovering an individual’s most important reasons for change, and guiding them to achieve those changes, can empower people to shift from ambivalence to action.

Is motivational interviewing evidence-based?

Yes, research shows that motivational interviewing can help treat alcohol and substance use — and in different ways such as reducing drinking, reducing resistance, and increasing the likelihood of staying in treatment. Motivational interviewing has also been shown to help people lose weight, adhere to medication regimens, improve diet for those with Type II diabetes, and improve healthy behaviors in children.

How long does motivational interviewing last?

Motivational interviewing is a short-term therapy that can last just one or two sessions. In some cases, motivational interviewing may be used in conjunction with longer-term therapies, but for most people, motivational interviewing is a brief intervention that aims to help patients understand their personal, specific, and internal reasons for changing their life.

What differentiates motivational interviewing from person-centered therapy?

In person-centered therapy, the individual is in the driver’s seat of the treatment process, creating space for them to trust their instincts and arrive at their own solutions. The two approaches are similar because motivational interviewing is also client-centered; however, person-centered therapy is more open-ended while motivational interviewing is somewhat more structured; the goal is to change, and the therapist helps the client specifically discover their internal motivations to modify their behavior.