Cognitive Behavioral (CBT) Therapists in Joint Base Lewis Mcchord, WA

Photo of Norman Edward Dobson, MA, LMFT, LMHC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Norman Edward Dobson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Joint Base Lewis Mcchord, WA 98433
Thank you for your interest. I am a retired (2001) combat veteran with twenty years of military service. My credentials/licenses are in Marriage & Family Therapy, Mental Health Counseling, and Chemical Dependency. My therapeutic approach is based on cognitive behavior research which has found a strong correlation between thoughts and behaviors. Additionally, I use the Narrative Therapy approach to understand emotions rooted in the client's life experiences that shape their strengths, fears, beliefs, values, and reactions to different types of stress.
Thank you for your interest. I am a retired (2001) combat veteran with twenty years of military service. My credentials/licenses are in Marriage & Family Therapy, Mental Health Counseling, and Chemical Dependency. My therapeutic approach is based on cognitive behavior research which has found a strong correlation between thoughts and behaviors. Additionally, I use the Narrative Therapy approach to understand emotions rooted in the client's life experiences that shape their strengths, fears, beliefs, values, and reactions to different types of stress.
(360) 810-5599 View (360) 810-5599
Photo of Kristen Moore - Key Counseling PLLC, EdD, LMHC, Counselor
Key Counseling PLLC
Counselor, EdD, LMHC
Verified Verified
Joint Base Lewis Mcchord, WA 98433
I am skilled in CBT, CBT-I, and EMDR.
Now accepting new clients! Hello! I'm Dr. Kristen Moore (nee Bradley). My focus is on adult clients who have anxiety, depression, trauma, or PTSD. I strive to create a supportive environment and work with you to come up with a plan that addresses your concerns where you are right now. I believe everyone has strengths and that sometimes people become so overwhelmed they lose sight of themselves. I'm a guide that helps you find your way back and encourages you to keep moving forward. If you experience insomnia, nightmares, flashbacks, fatigue, sudden anger, anxiety or depression and feel it is time to get control back, call me.
I am skilled in CBT, CBT-I, and EMDR.
Now accepting new clients! Hello! I'm Dr. Kristen Moore (nee Bradley). My focus is on adult clients who have anxiety, depression, trauma, or PTSD. I strive to create a supportive environment and work with you to come up with a plan that addresses your concerns where you are right now. I believe everyone has strengths and that sometimes people become so overwhelmed they lose sight of themselves. I'm a guide that helps you find your way back and encourages you to keep moving forward. If you experience insomnia, nightmares, flashbacks, fatigue, sudden anger, anxiety or depression and feel it is time to get control back, call me.
(360) 905-0724 View (360) 905-0724
Photo of Steffanee Holt, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Steffanee Holt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Joint Base Lewis Mcchord, WA 98433
As a WA State Certified DV Provider, I am now offering Court Ordered Evaluations. I believe there are times in a person's life when they need a trusted and confidential ally who can help a person explore the causes of his/her thoughts, feelings, or behaviors and develop new ways of thinking, acting and feeling. I am committed to helping individuals, couples and families achieve these goals in an environment that emphasizes confidentiality, respect, trust and compassion.
As a WA State Certified DV Provider, I am now offering Court Ordered Evaluations. I believe there are times in a person's life when they need a trusted and confidential ally who can help a person explore the causes of his/her thoughts, feelings, or behaviors and develop new ways of thinking, acting and feeling. I am committed to helping individuals, couples and families achieve these goals in an environment that emphasizes confidentiality, respect, trust and compassion.
(253) 231-7841 View (253) 231-7841
Photo of Kate Estadilla, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Kate Estadilla
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Joint Base Lewis Mcchord, WA 98433  (Online Only)
I understand the difficulties of meeting someone new and discussing items that may leave one feeling vulnerable.  As a therapist and especially as a person, I highly value our relationship and find this to be essential in the therapy process.  I enjoy working with individuals by building trust with me and with this process.  I also believe in creating a collaborative relationship in which I respect your needs while balancing the therapeutic interventions that I can provide. I have a long history of working with individuals who struggle with anxiety and depression, and I specialize in working with those who have experienced trauma.
I understand the difficulties of meeting someone new and discussing items that may leave one feeling vulnerable.  As a therapist and especially as a person, I highly value our relationship and find this to be essential in the therapy process.  I enjoy working with individuals by building trust with me and with this process.  I also believe in creating a collaborative relationship in which I respect your needs while balancing the therapeutic interventions that I can provide. I have a long history of working with individuals who struggle with anxiety and depression, and I specialize in working with those who have experienced trauma.
(253) 319-3761 View (253) 319-3761
Photo of Lindsey Torres - Legionary Mental Health - Military & FR's, LMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Legionary Mental Health - Military & FR's
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Joint Base Lewis Mcchord, WA 98433
Legionary Mental Health offers culturally competent counseling to active military, veterans, first responders and their spouses. We offer in person counseling in Tumwater, WA and telehealth throughout Washington state. We are in the Triwest and Tricare network and work with individuals that have an authorization for care. Training and wellness if offered to law enforcement agencies throughout western Washington. 10-15 minute phone consultations are required to ensure good fit for care.
Legionary Mental Health offers culturally competent counseling to active military, veterans, first responders and their spouses. We offer in person counseling in Tumwater, WA and telehealth throughout Washington state. We are in the Triwest and Tricare network and work with individuals that have an authorization for care. Training and wellness if offered to law enforcement agencies throughout western Washington. 10-15 minute phone consultations are required to ensure good fit for care.
(360) 295-9966 View (360) 295-9966
Photo of Mike Pereira, MSW, LICSWA, MHP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mike Pereira
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSWA, MHP
Verified Verified
Joint Base Lewis Mcchord, WA 98433
Accepting new clients. The journey to healing begins with a desire to feel better. Together, we’ll work to discover what “better” looks like and what can be done to achieve it. There are many ways life shows us we are stuck in our own story; addiction, depression, anxiety, anger and many other indicators can be present when we’re experiencing such pain. How did we get here? How do we get out? What are we holding onto? Who can we not let go?
Accepting new clients. The journey to healing begins with a desire to feel better. Together, we’ll work to discover what “better” looks like and what can be done to achieve it. There are many ways life shows us we are stuck in our own story; addiction, depression, anxiety, anger and many other indicators can be present when we’re experiencing such pain. How did we get here? How do we get out? What are we holding onto? Who can we not let go?
(360) 227-6842 View (360) 227-6842
Photo of Jordan Zollinger, MA, LMHCA, Counselor
Jordan Zollinger
Counselor, MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Joint Base Lewis Mcchord, WA 98433
I am passionate about coming alongside the first responder community (police, firefighters, EMS, dispatch) and helping them develop the mental health tools they need to not only survive, but thrive. From the stress of service calls, shift-work, and organizational politics, too many first responders come out on the other end of their service worse for the wear. Being former law enforcement, I personally experienced and witnessed this impact, and I became passionate about becoming a part of the solution by offering culturally competent mental health counseling.
I am passionate about coming alongside the first responder community (police, firefighters, EMS, dispatch) and helping them develop the mental health tools they need to not only survive, but thrive. From the stress of service calls, shift-work, and organizational politics, too many first responders come out on the other end of their service worse for the wear. Being former law enforcement, I personally experienced and witnessed this impact, and I became passionate about becoming a part of the solution by offering culturally competent mental health counseling.
(253) 544-6209 View (253) 544-6209
Photo of Shalisa Pointer, MEd, MS, LCMHC-A, Pre-Licensed Professional
Shalisa Pointer
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd, MS, LCMHC-A
Verified Verified
Joint Base Lewis Mcchord, WA 98433  (Online Only)
Establishing the life you want can be overwhelming and stressful. No matter what area it is in, getting to a place where you can balance and embrace the highs and lows of every day takes work and consistency. We all have challenges that can make things difficult. I know that sometimes life can put you through storm after storm, or sometimes it is just a challenge to get through changes and adjust. Working together will get you through and prepare you for the future so you are not just surviving but genuinely thriving and at peace.
Establishing the life you want can be overwhelming and stressful. No matter what area it is in, getting to a place where you can balance and embrace the highs and lows of every day takes work and consistency. We all have challenges that can make things difficult. I know that sometimes life can put you through storm after storm, or sometimes it is just a challenge to get through changes and adjust. Working together will get you through and prepare you for the future so you are not just surviving but genuinely thriving and at peace.
(253) 525-8718 View (253) 525-8718
Photo of Jessica L Flores, LMFTA, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Jessica L Flores
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFTA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Joint Base Lewis Mcchord, WA 98433
I'm a licensed marriage and family therapy associate specializing in providing mental health support to individuals and families. I cater my approach with each client I encounter to create an empathetic, non-judgmental, and collaborative therapeutic relationship. I take a holistic approach to therapy with the understanding that therapy is not one-size-fits all; utilizing an array of therapeutic approaches and models, I work with my clients to find the personal growth and healing they are looking for with the belief that those who seek change, will find it.
I'm a licensed marriage and family therapy associate specializing in providing mental health support to individuals and families. I cater my approach with each client I encounter to create an empathetic, non-judgmental, and collaborative therapeutic relationship. I take a holistic approach to therapy with the understanding that therapy is not one-size-fits all; utilizing an array of therapeutic approaches and models, I work with my clients to find the personal growth and healing they are looking for with the belief that those who seek change, will find it.
(253) 649-6029 View (253) 649-6029
Photo of Robert E Bates, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Robert E Bates
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Joint Base Lewis Mcchord, WA 98433  (Online Only)
I am currently Focusing on Military Veterans in my practice: We can all use a little help now and then. I bring a diverse skill set of life and counseling experience. I grew up with a tumultuous household in a small community. I joined the military at a young age and have lived and worked throughout the world. I have had my own family, raising children weathering many successes and failures in the process. I have experienced counseling as a client; my personal experience enhances my great respect for my clients' vulnerability in our sessions. I am a fellow traveler in life, as you learn and grow so do I.
I am currently Focusing on Military Veterans in my practice: We can all use a little help now and then. I bring a diverse skill set of life and counseling experience. I grew up with a tumultuous household in a small community. I joined the military at a young age and have lived and worked throughout the world. I have had my own family, raising children weathering many successes and failures in the process. I have experienced counseling as a client; my personal experience enhances my great respect for my clients' vulnerability in our sessions. I am a fellow traveler in life, as you learn and grow so do I.
(509) 236-1418 View (509) 236-1418
Photo of Tanisha Medina - SpeakLifeHealUp/Tanisha Medina, MA, LMHC, MHP, Counselor
SpeakLifeHealUp/Tanisha Medina
Counselor, MA, LMHC, MHP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Joint Base Lewis Mcchord, WA 98433
Not accepting new clients
*Not Accepting New Clients* I am the founder of SpeakLifeHealUp Counseling Services. My therapeutic approach is centered around my belief that we deserve to be heard and understood. Reaching out for help takes incredible courage and is one of the bravest things that you can do. My passion is to empower and equip individuals and couples experiencing invisible emotional wounds to heal themselves, build better relationships while strengthening connections and navigate through life challenges. You will discover your inner worth, love and acceptance. You have the power within yourself to do the work and awaken to your best-kept self!
*Not Accepting New Clients* I am the founder of SpeakLifeHealUp Counseling Services. My therapeutic approach is centered around my belief that we deserve to be heard and understood. Reaching out for help takes incredible courage and is one of the bravest things that you can do. My passion is to empower and equip individuals and couples experiencing invisible emotional wounds to heal themselves, build better relationships while strengthening connections and navigate through life challenges. You will discover your inner worth, love and acceptance. You have the power within yourself to do the work and awaken to your best-kept self!
(253) 285-1214 View (253) 285-1214

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Kristen Arcangelo, Kristen Arcangelo, MEd, LMHC, Counselor
Kristen Arcangelo
Counselor, Kristen Arcangelo, MEd, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dupont, WA 98327  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am certified in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for anxiety, depression, behavioral problems, and trauma.
Hello, thank you for visiting my profile. I am currently accepting clients for limited slots on Tuesdays and Wednesdays from 8:30-2 starting in September. I genuinely enjoy my work with teens and adults and believe that trust is the foundation of therapy. If you are hoping to manage anxiety, depression, negative self-talk, adolescence, or boundary setting, I may be a good fit for you. I utilize trauma-informed, developmentally appropriate interventions to support trauma processing and building skills.
I am certified in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for anxiety, depression, behavioral problems, and trauma.
Hello, thank you for visiting my profile. I am currently accepting clients for limited slots on Tuesdays and Wednesdays from 8:30-2 starting in September. I genuinely enjoy my work with teens and adults and believe that trust is the foundation of therapy. If you are hoping to manage anxiety, depression, negative self-talk, adolescence, or boundary setting, I may be a good fit for you. I utilize trauma-informed, developmentally appropriate interventions to support trauma processing and building skills.
(253) 215-8085 View (253) 215-8085
Photo of Benjamin J Strader, PsyD, Psychologist
Benjamin J Strader
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Dupont, WA 98327
My extensive training in cognitive, behavioral, person-centered, experiential, and systems based modalities in a multitude of different settings gives me a unique and valuable perspective.
Everyday we face unwanted thoughts, moods, emotions, memories, and body sensations, which can interfere with our school, career, relationships, and our mental and emotional well being. If this sounds like you or your loved one, know that you are not alone and that change is possible. My greatest professional satisfaction comes from witnessing the process of growth and I am here to walk with you or your loved one on that journey of change. I have a passion for the collaborative process and supporting those who want to understand themselves better and value the process of growth.
My extensive training in cognitive, behavioral, person-centered, experiential, and systems based modalities in a multitude of different settings gives me a unique and valuable perspective.
Everyday we face unwanted thoughts, moods, emotions, memories, and body sensations, which can interfere with our school, career, relationships, and our mental and emotional well being. If this sounds like you or your loved one, know that you are not alone and that change is possible. My greatest professional satisfaction comes from witnessing the process of growth and I am here to walk with you or your loved one on that journey of change. I have a passion for the collaborative process and supporting those who want to understand themselves better and value the process of growth.
(253) 544-5644 View (253) 544-5644
Photo of Cornilia E Denson, MSW, LSWAIC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cornilia E Denson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98433  (Online Only)
In my practice I incorporate a variety of therapeutic treatment modalities including (but not limited to): cognitive-behavioral therapy, solution-focused therapy, and motivational interviewing which is based on the client needs and issues.
Hello! How would you like to start towards a path of emotional and mental healing? I would like to be entrusted to be your guide while on that path. To guide you towards autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. As someone with over 10 years of having the privilege of working with individuals who have encountered some element of a mental health crisis. I am very committed, passionate, patient, and flexible as a therapist. I possess the necessary interpersonal skills that inspire a trusting therapeutic relationship.
In my practice I incorporate a variety of therapeutic treatment modalities including (but not limited to): cognitive-behavioral therapy, solution-focused therapy, and motivational interviewing which is based on the client needs and issues.
Hello! How would you like to start towards a path of emotional and mental healing? I would like to be entrusted to be your guide while on that path. To guide you towards autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. As someone with over 10 years of having the privilege of working with individuals who have encountered some element of a mental health crisis. I am very committed, passionate, patient, and flexible as a therapist. I possess the necessary interpersonal skills that inspire a trusting therapeutic relationship.
(509) 303-4247 View (509) 303-4247
Photo of Mindy Alexander, LMHC
Mindy Alexander
Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98433  (Online Only)
My approach combines CBT, Gottman, motivational interviewing, and solution-focused therapy.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by everyday tasks? Is something lacking in your relationship? Are you bogged down by work stress? Do worrying and feelings of unease take up much of your day? Life is too short to feel “stuck.” Sometimes, obstacles can get in the way of living your best life. Seeking outside guidance and support can be helpful. Utilizing a variety of therapeutic techniques and approaches, I strive to provide a safe and supportive environment to help you reach your goals. With over two decades of experience in the behavioral health field, I specialize in working with adults and couples dealing with various concerns.
My approach combines CBT, Gottman, motivational interviewing, and solution-focused therapy.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by everyday tasks? Is something lacking in your relationship? Are you bogged down by work stress? Do worrying and feelings of unease take up much of your day? Life is too short to feel “stuck.” Sometimes, obstacles can get in the way of living your best life. Seeking outside guidance and support can be helpful. Utilizing a variety of therapeutic techniques and approaches, I strive to provide a safe and supportive environment to help you reach your goals. With over two decades of experience in the behavioral health field, I specialize in working with adults and couples dealing with various concerns.
(253) 528-5546 View (253) 528-5546
Photo of Frankie Kennedy - The Daniel Clinic, LLC, Counselor
The Daniel Clinic, LLC
Counselor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98433
I am Frankie Kennedy, the director of a group practice that strives to offer top-notch care to clients across the state of Washington. After nearly two decades of providing care and support to my clients, I have decided to pass the baton to the many experienced counselors at The Daniel Clinic. Visit our website to make an appointment. You can read more about our clinicians on our website or here on Psychology Today
I am Frankie Kennedy, the director of a group practice that strives to offer top-notch care to clients across the state of Washington. After nearly two decades of providing care and support to my clients, I have decided to pass the baton to the many experienced counselors at The Daniel Clinic. Visit our website to make an appointment. You can read more about our clinicians on our website or here on Psychology Today
(253) 544-3938 View (253) 544-3938
Photo of Ashaniece Anderson, AAC, CPC, Counselor
Ashaniece Anderson
Counselor, AAC, CPC
Verified Verified
Lakewood, WA 98439
Let's face it, life is hard, and it doesn't seem to be getting any easier. I noticed that most people just live their lives on a day-by-day basis and struggle with finding true meaning in their lives. This may be due to the internal struggles that we all face such as anxiety, depression, grief, fear, anger, and so many other issues. We may try to deal with our issues on our own, and sometimes this works for many of us. Yet, there are some issues that may seem tougher than others, which can weigh on our moods and negatively impact our relationships with others and ourselves. Seeking help is easier said than done for most.
Let's face it, life is hard, and it doesn't seem to be getting any easier. I noticed that most people just live their lives on a day-by-day basis and struggle with finding true meaning in their lives. This may be due to the internal struggles that we all face such as anxiety, depression, grief, fear, anger, and so many other issues. We may try to deal with our issues on our own, and sometimes this works for many of us. Yet, there are some issues that may seem tougher than others, which can weigh on our moods and negatively impact our relationships with others and ourselves. Seeking help is easier said than done for most.
(253) 893-6805 View (253) 893-6805
Photo of David Simonsen - Creative Solutions TMS, PhD, LMFT
Creative Solutions TMS
PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98433
Perhaps you have been struggling for years with symptoms related to depression. Numerous appointments with doctors and a variety of medications have not helped. Maybe you want to get off meds completely, but have never been able to find an alternative solution. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) may be the intervention that can change your life. I have been helping people get through difficult things for the last 20 years. I and my staff are excited to offer this intervention to help you change your life.
Perhaps you have been struggling for years with symptoms related to depression. Numerous appointments with doctors and a variety of medications have not helped. Maybe you want to get off meds completely, but have never been able to find an alternative solution. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) may be the intervention that can change your life. I have been helping people get through difficult things for the last 20 years. I and my staff are excited to offer this intervention to help you change your life.
(360) 526-0762 View (360) 526-0762
Photo of Dr. John Evans - Serenity Psychotherapy LLC, PhD, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Serenity Psychotherapy LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98433
John B. Evans, PhD, LCSW, is dedicated to working with individuals, couples, and families via tele-therapy to help with multiple life issues. Dr. Evans has found tele-therapy to be very effective in almost all cases. With 35 years of experience, Dr. Evans will provide you with expert guidance in dealing with current problems you may not understand and help figure out what may be going on under the surface.Many people have found they make more and faster progress in therapy with Dr. Evans than they have experienced in past therapy. Dr. Evans does not try to keep clients in therapy longer than necessary although he is a big believer
John B. Evans, PhD, LCSW, is dedicated to working with individuals, couples, and families via tele-therapy to help with multiple life issues. Dr. Evans has found tele-therapy to be very effective in almost all cases. With 35 years of experience, Dr. Evans will provide you with expert guidance in dealing with current problems you may not understand and help figure out what may be going on under the surface.Many people have found they make more and faster progress in therapy with Dr. Evans than they have experienced in past therapy. Dr. Evans does not try to keep clients in therapy longer than necessary although he is a big believer
(206) 222-2614 View (206) 222-2614
Photo of LeKeshia Mathis, LSWAIC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
LeKeshia Mathis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
Lakewood, WA 98439  (Online Only)
My professional background involves working with couples who have the desire to rebuild their relationships and adults with various struggles, such as substance abuse addictions and co-occurring disorders. Collaboration is a major foundation for my practice, being therapy is a collaborative work that considers life experiences, patterns, relationships, and beliefs that have created and still have an impact on individuals' way of being in the world. I'm committed to figuring out the issues that are bringing my clients to therapy right now and the innate abilities and assets that will enable them to make the desired adjustments.
My professional background involves working with couples who have the desire to rebuild their relationships and adults with various struggles, such as substance abuse addictions and co-occurring disorders. Collaboration is a major foundation for my practice, being therapy is a collaborative work that considers life experiences, patterns, relationships, and beliefs that have created and still have an impact on individuals' way of being in the world. I'm committed to figuring out the issues that are bringing my clients to therapy right now and the innate abilities and assets that will enable them to make the desired adjustments.
(509) 637-7520 View (509) 637-7520

See more therapy options for Joint Base Lewis Mcchord

Cognitive Behavioral (CBT) Therapists

How does cognitive behavioral therapy work?

Cognitive behavioral therapy works by exploring how your thoughts affect your emotions and experiences. CBT helps you identify distortions in your thinking. For example, you may tend to jump to the worst case scenario catastrophizing or think in extremes (all-or-nothing thinking). A therapist can teach you how to push back against those thoughts to ultimately change your feelings and behavior for the better. They can also provide coping skills to better deal with stressors and challenges.

When do I know to seek treatment with cognitive behavioral therapy?

It’s reasonable to consider cognitive behavioral therapy if you struggle to manage difficult emotions or behaviors to such an extent that you are not getting the most out of life on a day-to-day basis. If you want a shorter term, concrete, skills-based approach, CBT is a great option. (By contrast, other types of therapy may devote more time to exploring your past and its effects.) The decision to seek CBT also depends on the condition you’re treating; CBT is an effective treatment for anxiety, depression, trauma, and many other disorders.

How can I find a cognitive behavioral therapist for someone else?

To find a cognitive behavioral therapist for someone else, you may want to begin by discussing the person’s problem, researching cognitive behavioral therapy, and assessing whether the approach is the right fit. You could then reach out to a few cognitive behavioral therapists in this directory, explain the scenario, have a consultation with those available, and determine who could be a good match.

Why is CBT such a popular form of therapy?

CBT has become a popular form of therapy because it is effective and accessible. Robust research has demonstrated that CBT is an effective treatment for many mental health conditions. And CBT can be learned in relatively few sessions, which means that many people can engage in the process, afford it, and see results quickly. It involves learning concrete skills such as disputing unhelpful thoughts; these skills can also be taught and spread widely.