Parent-Child Interaction (PCIT) Therapists in Bothell, WA

Photo of Pashience Stodola, MA , LMHCA, Counselor
Pashience Stodola
Counselor, MA , LMHCA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bothell, WA 98021
Waitlist for new clients
I work primarily with teens and adults with struggles associated with Anxiety, ADHD, Depression, Life Transitions, Attachment, navigating the struggles of being human in a difficult world, and more. Clients are experts in their own lives and therapy is a journey where we will travel together focusing on arriving at your destination. Together we will identify your strengths, further strengthen skills that work well, and identify adjustments to achieve your goals. Through our collaboration, you will develop skills and tools that you can use right away, as well as, in the future.
I work primarily with teens and adults with struggles associated with Anxiety, ADHD, Depression, Life Transitions, Attachment, navigating the struggles of being human in a difficult world, and more. Clients are experts in their own lives and therapy is a journey where we will travel together focusing on arriving at your destination. Together we will identify your strengths, further strengthen skills that work well, and identify adjustments to achieve your goals. Through our collaboration, you will develop skills and tools that you can use right away, as well as, in the future.
(425) 842-1823 View (425) 842-1823
Photo of Mary Deggelman, MA, LMFT, PPS, Marriage & Family Therapist
Mary Deggelman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, PPS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bothell, WA 98021
I am licensed in both the states of CA. and WA. My goal is to facilitate the process of innate healing and self-discovery for individuals and families seeking to improve their overall quality of life. I am a firm believer that obstacles may be turned into opportunities. Through both curious questioning and active listening, together we may illuminate your strengths and opportunity areas of growth. My objective is that after our first session, you will feel that we have a pathway for a desired solution. I have worked with ages ranging from 5 to 85 years young. I treat each individual, couple, or family with respect and warmth.
I am licensed in both the states of CA. and WA. My goal is to facilitate the process of innate healing and self-discovery for individuals and families seeking to improve their overall quality of life. I am a firm believer that obstacles may be turned into opportunities. Through both curious questioning and active listening, together we may illuminate your strengths and opportunity areas of growth. My objective is that after our first session, you will feel that we have a pathway for a desired solution. I have worked with ages ranging from 5 to 85 years young. I treat each individual, couple, or family with respect and warmth.
(510) 662-0838 View (510) 662-0838
Photo of Daniela Del Moral, MS , LMHC, Counselor
Daniela Del Moral
Counselor, MS , LMHC
Verified Verified
Bothell, WA 98011
Waitlist for new clients
Do you feel like life is so overwhelming that it’s hard to focus? Do you feel like sometimes your only option is to hide or leave this life? Depression and or anxiety win most of the time? I get that. Your feelings matter. You matter. I work with several individuals whom struggle with these overwhelming emotions, together we can find desires of life, set goals, and figure out what matters to you individually.
Do you feel like life is so overwhelming that it’s hard to focus? Do you feel like sometimes your only option is to hide or leave this life? Depression and or anxiety win most of the time? I get that. Your feelings matter. You matter. I work with several individuals whom struggle with these overwhelming emotions, together we can find desires of life, set goals, and figure out what matters to you individually.
(425) 559-9541 View (425) 559-9541
Photo of Nicole Nagle, MS, LMHCA
Nicole Nagle
MS, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Bothell, WA 98011
Being a human can be hard work! Day-to-day challenges can range from the simply annoying to the downright overwhelming. By providing a safe and supportive environment, I help clients find answers, expand their perspectives, and build healthy habits. Using a mixture of assessment and therapeutic intervention, I am committed to assisting you in achieving your best life… and who knows, maybe we’ll have a little fun along the way!
Being a human can be hard work! Day-to-day challenges can range from the simply annoying to the downright overwhelming. By providing a safe and supportive environment, I help clients find answers, expand their perspectives, and build healthy habits. Using a mixture of assessment and therapeutic intervention, I am committed to assisting you in achieving your best life… and who knows, maybe we’ll have a little fun along the way!
(425) 409-5705 View (425) 409-5705
Photo of Cecily Woodard, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Cecily Woodard
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bothell, WA 98011  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I'm a licensed mental health counselor who provides counseling to teens and young adults. I have experience working with individuals with anxiety, depression and trauma; neurodivergent individuals and people struggling with interpersonal relationships. My goal as a person-centered therapist is to meet my client where they are and provide a safe space while holding my clients in the utmost regard with empathy and compassion. Throughout my experience, I have found that individuals who are provided a safe, welcoming, and consistent environment will be better equipped to develop healthy coping skills to overcome obstacles in their life.
I'm a licensed mental health counselor who provides counseling to teens and young adults. I have experience working with individuals with anxiety, depression and trauma; neurodivergent individuals and people struggling with interpersonal relationships. My goal as a person-centered therapist is to meet my client where they are and provide a safe space while holding my clients in the utmost regard with empathy and compassion. Throughout my experience, I have found that individuals who are provided a safe, welcoming, and consistent environment will be better equipped to develop healthy coping skills to overcome obstacles in their life.
(425) 620-2336 View (425) 620-2336
Photo of Dacia M Morgan - Lumen Counseling, Dacia Morgan, MFT, LMHC, Counselor
Lumen Counseling
Counselor, Dacia Morgan, MFT, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bothell, WA 98021
Life can be challenging! One of the most courageous choices one can make is to embark on the journey towards personal exploration and growth. As a therapist, my job is to help you access your inner wisdom, navigate relationships and change, and create a fulfilling, balanced life. I find that my clients are often equipped with strengths and talents that they do not give themselves credit for. I aim to help you recognize and strengthen these gifts in order to fully participate in and enjoy the world around you. I enjoy working with those who are embarking on new life transitions, as well as parents who are seeking guidance on behavior management with their young children, preadolecents and teens. Couples work, as well as parenting and the relationship between caregiver and child have been at the core of my practice for most of my career.
Life can be challenging! One of the most courageous choices one can make is to embark on the journey towards personal exploration and growth. As a therapist, my job is to help you access your inner wisdom, navigate relationships and change, and create a fulfilling, balanced life. I find that my clients are often equipped with strengths and talents that they do not give themselves credit for. I aim to help you recognize and strengthen these gifts in order to fully participate in and enjoy the world around you. I enjoy working with those who are embarking on new life transitions, as well as parents who are seeking guidance on behavior management with their young children, preadolecents and teens. Couples work, as well as parenting and the relationship between caregiver and child have been at the core of my practice for most of my career.
(425) 382-7103 View (425) 382-7103
Photo of Kendra Wills - We-MOtivate!, PLLC, MS, BCBA, LBA
We-MOtivate!, PLLC
MS, BCBA, LBA
Verified Verified
Bothell, WA 98021
As a Board Certified Behavior Analyst, I offer customized services designed to facilitate behavior change, tailored specifically to the needs of individuals and families. I adopt a collaborative, compassionate, and trauma-informed approach when working with clients, aiming to foster meaningful and lasting behavior change while guiding them through their personal growth journey. I firmly believe that my clients are the authorities on their own lives, and my role is to equip them with the necessary tools and support to empower them in making significant life changes
As a Board Certified Behavior Analyst, I offer customized services designed to facilitate behavior change, tailored specifically to the needs of individuals and families. I adopt a collaborative, compassionate, and trauma-informed approach when working with clients, aiming to foster meaningful and lasting behavior change while guiding them through their personal growth journey. I firmly believe that my clients are the authorities on their own lives, and my role is to equip them with the necessary tools and support to empower them in making significant life changes
(425) 600-9664 View (425) 600-9664
Photo of Jennifer Wootsick, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer Wootsick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Bothell, WA 98021
I provide therapy for infants, children up to age 12, adults 18+, & pregnant/expecting/perinatal folks. Most of my clients are struggling with stress, anxiety, depression, emotion regulation, parenting, ADHD, & trauma related to their relationships or family. In addition, I provide: parent support, Circle of Security Parenting group facilitation a few times a year, & consultation for early learning centers & other providers & therapists. Uniquely, I provide home visiting mental health services for the perinatal/0-6 age group.
I provide therapy for infants, children up to age 12, adults 18+, & pregnant/expecting/perinatal folks. Most of my clients are struggling with stress, anxiety, depression, emotion regulation, parenting, ADHD, & trauma related to their relationships or family. In addition, I provide: parent support, Circle of Security Parenting group facilitation a few times a year, & consultation for early learning centers & other providers & therapists. Uniquely, I provide home visiting mental health services for the perinatal/0-6 age group.
(425) 382-7288 View (425) 382-7288

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Lisa Kwak-Terada - Korean Christian Family Counseling Network, MA, LMHCA, MDiv, Counselor
Korean Christian Family Counseling Network
Counselor, MA, LMHCA, MDiv
Verified Verified
Kirkland, WA 98034
My specialty counseling's are Marital conflicts, Bi-cultural Marriage issues, Parent-child relationships and Spiritual issues.
My counselings as Solution- focused, Person-centered & Biblical approaches for individual, couple & Family conflict issues.
My specialty counseling's are Marital conflicts, Bi-cultural Marriage issues, Parent-child relationships and Spiritual issues.
My counselings as Solution- focused, Person-centered & Biblical approaches for individual, couple & Family conflict issues.
(425) 728-2539 View (425) 728-2539
Photo of Michelle Schneider, MS, LMFT, CMHS, Marriage & Family Therapist
Michelle Schneider
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, CMHS
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98107
I accomplish this through the use of many therapeutic approaches including Family Systems Theory, Attachment Theory, Solution Focused Therapy, Internal Family System, Child-Parent Psychotherapy, TF-CBT and PCIT.
Welcome. As a family therapist, I am passionate about coming alongside families to support them through the the more difficult moments of life. I work with children of all ages and their families to improve issues of anxiety, depression, family conflict, trauma, attachment, tantrums and more. I also work with parents to help support finding their confidence in parenting and self, as often parenting can feel like your entire identity, we work to find balance to give space to all the pieces of you. I help create change through play, art, conversation, and connection with caregivers.
I accomplish this through the use of many therapeutic approaches including Family Systems Theory, Attachment Theory, Solution Focused Therapy, Internal Family System, Child-Parent Psychotherapy, TF-CBT and PCIT.
Welcome. As a family therapist, I am passionate about coming alongside families to support them through the the more difficult moments of life. I work with children of all ages and their families to improve issues of anxiety, depression, family conflict, trauma, attachment, tantrums and more. I also work with parents to help support finding their confidence in parenting and self, as often parenting can feel like your entire identity, we work to find balance to give space to all the pieces of you. I help create change through play, art, conversation, and connection with caregivers.
(206) 552-8307 View (206) 552-8307
Photo of Emma Kristina Johnson, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Emma Kristina Johnson
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98103
I offer both parent-child sessions and caregiver-only sessions.
I specialize in issues of early childhood (ages 0-5) and perinatal (pregnancy and postpartum) mental health, working with young children and their parents who are in need of support. Parenting is a big life transition and unfortunately rarely goes as planned. Birth trauma, illness, separation or loss of a caregiver or parent, interpersonal conflict, accidents, developmental delays such as ASD or FASD and other stressors can further complicate the already very difficult job of being a parent. That's where I come in! I'm here to help you and your child connect and heal through the unexpected challenges that life has thrown your way.
I offer both parent-child sessions and caregiver-only sessions.
I specialize in issues of early childhood (ages 0-5) and perinatal (pregnancy and postpartum) mental health, working with young children and their parents who are in need of support. Parenting is a big life transition and unfortunately rarely goes as planned. Birth trauma, illness, separation or loss of a caregiver or parent, interpersonal conflict, accidents, developmental delays such as ASD or FASD and other stressors can further complicate the already very difficult job of being a parent. That's where I come in! I'm here to help you and your child connect and heal through the unexpected challenges that life has thrown your way.
(503) 208-6364 View (503) 208-6364
Photo of Emily Ashby, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Emily Ashby
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98103
I use an integrative approach to meet the individual needs of each client and am trained in today’s leading evidence-based practices, including, Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), and Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT).
I love working with children, teens, and young adults (ages 5-25) going through all stages of development. Growing up is hard, and it’s normal to need help along the way. I have extensive training and experience partnering with families to treat children struggling with traumatic experiences, emotional distress, relationships, anxiety, depression, or grief and loss. I work with young people and family systems to build skills, understanding, and connections that support healing. I believe that we are stronger together and my goal is to support your family in achieving your goals and fostering positive, fulfilling relationships.
I use an integrative approach to meet the individual needs of each client and am trained in today’s leading evidence-based practices, including, Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), and Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT).
I love working with children, teens, and young adults (ages 5-25) going through all stages of development. Growing up is hard, and it’s normal to need help along the way. I have extensive training and experience partnering with families to treat children struggling with traumatic experiences, emotional distress, relationships, anxiety, depression, or grief and loss. I work with young people and family systems to build skills, understanding, and connections that support healing. I believe that we are stronger together and my goal is to support your family in achieving your goals and fostering positive, fulfilling relationships.
(206) 483-0350 View (206) 483-0350
Photo of Christina Alexander, MA, LMFT, RDT, MHP, Marriage & Family Therapist
Christina Alexander
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, RDT, MHP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98112  (Online Only)
Additionally, I am certified in Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), a short-term and highly structured treatment proven to improve the caregiver-child bond, increase warmth and attachment, and reduce child behavioral problems.
Welcome! I am a Child & Family Therapist and Drama Therapist experienced in working with children (ages 3+), teens, parents/caregivers, and families. I specialize in treating behavioral issues, depression, anxiety, trauma, adjustment difficulties, and social/emotional challenges. I also work with parents and caregivers to provide positive parenting support. My practice combines traditional talk therapy with artistic, experiential, and play-based therapeutic techniques. My approach is to compliment, enhance, and expand evidence-based cognitive behavioral “talk therapy” treatment models through creative and expressive means.
Additionally, I am certified in Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), a short-term and highly structured treatment proven to improve the caregiver-child bond, increase warmth and attachment, and reduce child behavioral problems.
Welcome! I am a Child & Family Therapist and Drama Therapist experienced in working with children (ages 3+), teens, parents/caregivers, and families. I specialize in treating behavioral issues, depression, anxiety, trauma, adjustment difficulties, and social/emotional challenges. I also work with parents and caregivers to provide positive parenting support. My practice combines traditional talk therapy with artistic, experiential, and play-based therapeutic techniques. My approach is to compliment, enhance, and expand evidence-based cognitive behavioral “talk therapy” treatment models through creative and expressive means.
(206) 539-1939 View (206) 539-1939
Photo of Lucy Smith, LICSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lucy Smith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Bellevue, WA 98005
For children I engage via experiential, therapeutic games, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), and parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT).
I am accepting new clients. My clients are adults, children, and families. Adult clients are usually motivated to enter therapy by intrapersonal or interpersonal issues. Children often present internalized or externalized behavior problems and are brought into therapy by a concerned caregiver. Children may be depressed, withdrawn, angry, defiant, or underachieving. Therapy with children is very different from therapy with adults and requires an approach that is developmentally appropriate. I provide a confidential, safe place to explore psycho dynamic issues and collaborate on approaches that feel right for you.
For children I engage via experiential, therapeutic games, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), and parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT).
I am accepting new clients. My clients are adults, children, and families. Adult clients are usually motivated to enter therapy by intrapersonal or interpersonal issues. Children often present internalized or externalized behavior problems and are brought into therapy by a concerned caregiver. Children may be depressed, withdrawn, angry, defiant, or underachieving. Therapy with children is very different from therapy with adults and requires an approach that is developmentally appropriate. I provide a confidential, safe place to explore psycho dynamic issues and collaborate on approaches that feel right for you.
(425) 217-3596 View (425) 217-3596
Photo of Jessica Broadfield, MA, LMHCA, Counselor
Jessica Broadfield
Counselor, MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98107  (Online Only)
I provide therapy for adults, working on issues such as anxiety, depression, ADHD, relationships and life transitions. I also provide Reflective Parenting; Parent-Child Relationship Problems and Stress Management. We all experience great changes during our lives, evolutions in identity, shifts in how we see ourselves and how others see us. Through reflection and dialogue we can understand and make meaning of our journey.
I provide therapy for adults, working on issues such as anxiety, depression, ADHD, relationships and life transitions. I also provide Reflective Parenting; Parent-Child Relationship Problems and Stress Management. We all experience great changes during our lives, evolutions in identity, shifts in how we see ourselves and how others see us. Through reflection and dialogue we can understand and make meaning of our journey.
(509) 401-8308 View (509) 401-8308
Photo of Adriana Luna - Learning to Play, LLC, PhD
Learning to Play, LLC
PhD
Verified Verified
Edmonds, WA 98026
My name is Dr. Adriana Luna, and I am the co-owner and co-founder of Learning to Play, LLC. I am a behavior analyst by training, at the doctoral level. At Learning to Play, we support children and families through the use of behavior analytic principles with a specific focus on social-emotional development for young children and toddlers. Our core values include meeting families where they are at, building a strong social-emotional foundation for learning, respecting diverse cultural backgrounds, designing customized family-driven therapeutic goals, and boosting confidence in parent-child relationships.
My name is Dr. Adriana Luna, and I am the co-owner and co-founder of Learning to Play, LLC. I am a behavior analyst by training, at the doctoral level. At Learning to Play, we support children and families through the use of behavior analytic principles with a specific focus on social-emotional development for young children and toddlers. Our core values include meeting families where they are at, building a strong social-emotional foundation for learning, respecting diverse cultural backgrounds, designing customized family-driven therapeutic goals, and boosting confidence in parent-child relationships.
(425) 474-3431 View (425) 474-3431
Photo of Jennifer Kim, MSW, LICSW, MHP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer Kim
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, MHP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Medina, WA 98039  (Online Only)
You're overwhelmed with stress taking over your life. You're plagued by unhelpful thoughts or flashbacks from a traumatic event. I offer individual counseling services to support you in learning the skills that will help unburden you, so you can enjoy life's little moments and live in the present, rather than the past taking away from your future. I love helping young adults, new mothers, as well as those working through anxiety, depression, traumatic events, and life stressors. You're ready to leave the past behind you: fill out the questionnaire on our website to get started today.
You're overwhelmed with stress taking over your life. You're plagued by unhelpful thoughts or flashbacks from a traumatic event. I offer individual counseling services to support you in learning the skills that will help unburden you, so you can enjoy life's little moments and live in the present, rather than the past taking away from your future. I love helping young adults, new mothers, as well as those working through anxiety, depression, traumatic events, and life stressors. You're ready to leave the past behind you: fill out the questionnaire on our website to get started today.
(509) 204-5260 View (509) 204-5260
Photo of Alisa Zhao, PhD, Psychologist
Alisa Zhao
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Bellevue, WA 98004  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical psychologist based in Seattle, WA. I specialize in evidence-based assessment and therapy for both children and adolescents. While I've spent much of my specialist practice at the intersection of ADHD and anxiety disorders, my generalist training has also prepared me to support those with sleep problems, depression, and adjustment issues across age groups. My evidence-based and culturally informed practice warmly welcomes individuals from underserved communities, including BIPOC, international students, and immigrants.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist based in Seattle, WA. I specialize in evidence-based assessment and therapy for both children and adolescents. While I've spent much of my specialist practice at the intersection of ADHD and anxiety disorders, my generalist training has also prepared me to support those with sleep problems, depression, and adjustment issues across age groups. My evidence-based and culturally informed practice warmly welcomes individuals from underserved communities, including BIPOC, international students, and immigrants.
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Photo of Jakob Gelleri, LMHCA, Counselor
Jakob Gelleri
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98103
As a therapist I believe in a strengths-based approach to counseling in which growth comes from a person's own values, goals, and desire to implement impactful changes in their lives. I also encourage a collaborative approach to therapy – I am simply a guide who has developed an expertise in supporting the goals of my clients or helping them develop goals which feel personally meaningful. Through identity exploration and development, values building, and symptom reduction, my goal is to lend support to an individual's growing sense of competence, confidence, and empowerment.
As a therapist I believe in a strengths-based approach to counseling in which growth comes from a person's own values, goals, and desire to implement impactful changes in their lives. I also encourage a collaborative approach to therapy – I am simply a guide who has developed an expertise in supporting the goals of my clients or helping them develop goals which feel personally meaningful. Through identity exploration and development, values building, and symptom reduction, my goal is to lend support to an individual's growing sense of competence, confidence, and empowerment.
(206) 984-6365 View (206) 984-6365
Photo of Wendy Nystrom, MA, LMHC, CMHS, SMMHS, Counselor
Wendy Nystrom
Counselor, MA, LMHC, CMHS, SMMHS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98125
I enjoy working with children, adolescents and adults in both individual and family therapy. I work well with clients with trauma, anxiety, depression, those facing life transitions or grief and loss. I have recently published an eBook on anxiety for teens, But Breathing Doesn't Help! Unlocking Teen Anxiety by Understanding Your Body, which can be found on Amazon, or for direct purchase at https://wendynystrom.selz.com/
I enjoy working with children, adolescents and adults in both individual and family therapy. I work well with clients with trauma, anxiety, depression, those facing life transitions or grief and loss. I have recently published an eBook on anxiety for teens, But Breathing Doesn't Help! Unlocking Teen Anxiety by Understanding Your Body, which can be found on Amazon, or for direct purchase at https://wendynystrom.selz.com/
(206) 785-1985 View (206) 785-1985
Parent-Child Interaction (PCIT) Therapists

Does parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) work?

PCIT is an evidence-based treatment that has been shown to be effective across domains, including for children with behavioral problems, those on the autism spectrum, and those who have experienced early childhood trauma. Further, studies have found that the skills developed through PCIT benefit not only the child in therapy but also siblings, as the parent internalizes lessons learned in sessions and is able to incorporate them into interactions with other family members.

How long does PCIT last?

The duration of treatment depends on the specific challenges clients face. Sessions are typically 60 to 90 minutes long, and treatment lasts, on average, between 12 and 20 sessions. Factors that influence treatment duration include how regularly a client attends treatment, how much progress is achieved between sessions, the particular skills that need development, and the extent to which the parent and therapist see improvement.

Can PCIT be done online?

PCIT is among the therapy types best suited for video sessions. Therapists are able to communicate with parents with essentially the same ease, and by observing the parent and child at home in their normal environment, the therapist may gain additional insight into their interactions, as the child will have their normal toys and may feel more comfortable and act more naturally than they would in a therapist’s room.

Does PCIT help parents?

In addition to the skills parents develop through the treatment, PCIT has also been shown to reduce frustration, stress, and depression in parents and promote confidence and a sense of calm when dealing with their children. The desired outcomes of PCIT include a reduction in defiant and aggressive behavior by children and an improvement in communicating their feelings productively, complying with parental instruction, and behaving according to parents’ rules. Growth in these areas can be a relief for parents.