Therapists in Saint Albans, VT

Photo of Mark Lucas, CMHC, Registered Psychotherapist
Mark Lucas
Registered Psychotherapist, CMHC
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Since everyone has the ability to improve and achieve their goals, I'm eager to assist anyone who is willing to take that first step to help themselves. I've been a Vermont State Trooper for thirty years, so I have a solid understanding of the range of difficulties life presents. I specialize in the first responder community offering EMDR for trauma recovery and anyone else willing to reach out to finally start to feel empowered again!
Since everyone has the ability to improve and achieve their goals, I'm eager to assist anyone who is willing to take that first step to help themselves. I've been a Vermont State Trooper for thirty years, so I have a solid understanding of the range of difficulties life presents. I specialize in the first responder community offering EMDR for trauma recovery and anyone else willing to reach out to finally start to feel empowered again!
(802) 494-4904 View (802) 494-4904
Photo of Kendell Kamansky, Pre-Licensed Professional
Kendell Kamansky
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Please note that I work with clients aged 17+. I am dedicated to providing a safe and supportive space for clients to explore their inner world, gain self-awareness, and foster personal growth. I believe in the inherent potential of every individual to heal and thrive, and my approach is rooted in the belief that each person possesses the capacity for self-discovery and self-actualization. I specialize in treating OCD, anxiety, depression, and grief. I integrate humanistic, CBT, psychodynamic, and exposure response prevention techniques to guide you toward healing and growth.
Please note that I work with clients aged 17+. I am dedicated to providing a safe and supportive space for clients to explore their inner world, gain self-awareness, and foster personal growth. I believe in the inherent potential of every individual to heal and thrive, and my approach is rooted in the belief that each person possesses the capacity for self-discovery and self-actualization. I specialize in treating OCD, anxiety, depression, and grief. I integrate humanistic, CBT, psychodynamic, and exposure response prevention techniques to guide you toward healing and growth.
(802) 526-6246 View (802) 526-6246
Photo of Tammie Colburn Consejo, LCMHC, PhD, LLC
Tammie Colburn Consejo
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC, PhD, LLC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Not accepting new clients
Hello! Not accepting new clients at this time. Services available for Psychotherapists: Clinical Supervision (individual and group), Consultations, Trainings and Seminars. Licensure hours and CEU's available for LCMHC, LicSW and LMFT. Supervision and training for supervisors is also available.
Hello! Not accepting new clients at this time. Services available for Psychotherapists: Clinical Supervision (individual and group), Consultations, Trainings and Seminars. Licensure hours and CEU's available for LCMHC, LicSW and LMFT. Supervision and training for supervisors is also available.
(802) 526-8116 View (802) 526-8116
Photo of Jessica C Lerman, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jessica C Lerman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Not accepting new clients
***Not accepting new clients at this time.*** I work with adolescents and adults, with a history working for the mental health crisis team in Chittenden County. I am a certified Trauma Resolution Energy Therapist. I am experienced in working with issues around depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and life changes.. I have a client-centered approach and see the client as the expert of their own lives.
***Not accepting new clients at this time.*** I work with adolescents and adults, with a history working for the mental health crisis team in Chittenden County. I am a certified Trauma Resolution Energy Therapist. I am experienced in working with issues around depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and life changes.. I have a client-centered approach and see the client as the expert of their own lives.
(802) 736-9581 View (802) 736-9581
Photo of Gladys Barnes - Gladys Barnes; Solution Focused Therapy, LLC, LADC, LCMHC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gladys Barnes; Solution Focused Therapy, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LADC, LCMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478  (Online Only)
My strengths and talents include having compassion and empathy for the people I work with. What I believe is special or distinct about me as a therapist is my ability to encourage people to be open about their experiences. What I love most about my work is being able to join people in their journey of discovery about what their future holds for them. I have experience working in a community mental health setting for the last 14 years, where I have worked with a variety of mental health needs. I have been working as a private therapist since 2019.
My strengths and talents include having compassion and empathy for the people I work with. What I believe is special or distinct about me as a therapist is my ability to encourage people to be open about their experiences. What I love most about my work is being able to join people in their journey of discovery about what their future holds for them. I have experience working in a community mental health setting for the last 14 years, where I have worked with a variety of mental health needs. I have been working as a private therapist since 2019.
(802) 928-3020 View (802) 928-3020
Photo of Morgan E Williams, MA, Clinica, Psych, Psychologist
Morgan E Williams
Psychologist, MA, Clinica, Psych
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478
No Current Availability Welcome! My approach to working with adolescents and adults centers around compassionate interactions to empower individuals to move and grow beyond their current situations. I believe that it is important for everyone to feel responded to and heard. Through the continued development of a strong sense of self, I believe that people possess the skills needed to change their situations. I look forward to sharing my therapeutic philosophy and guiding you to achieve your greatest potential.
No Current Availability Welcome! My approach to working with adolescents and adults centers around compassionate interactions to empower individuals to move and grow beyond their current situations. I believe that it is important for everyone to feel responded to and heard. Through the continued development of a strong sense of self, I believe that people possess the skills needed to change their situations. I look forward to sharing my therapeutic philosophy and guiding you to achieve your greatest potential.
(802) 499-2968 View (802) 499-2968
Photo of Christopher King - Christopher King, MA LLC, MA, LCMHC, Counselor
Christopher King, MA LLC
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478  (Online Only)
I believe that a collaborative approach and a genuine therapeutic relationship serve as the foundation for immense personal growth and change. I approach therapy through warmth and compassion, striving to create a safe and non-judgmental space from which to explore emotions, life patterns, and areas for growth. I specialize in working with adolescents, college students and adults experiencing anxiety, depression and trauma.
I believe that a collaborative approach and a genuine therapeutic relationship serve as the foundation for immense personal growth and change. I approach therapy through warmth and compassion, striving to create a safe and non-judgmental space from which to explore emotions, life patterns, and areas for growth. I specialize in working with adolescents, college students and adults experiencing anxiety, depression and trauma.
(802) 500-6896 View (802) 500-6896
Photo of Heidi L Weaver, MA, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Heidi L Weaver
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478  (Online Only)
Online availability ONLY on Tuesday and Wednesday. Hi, there! I am interested in building our relationship's foundation on trust. I believe client and therapist relationship is the only way to produce positive outcomes. When this is established, a beautiful environment is formed to which you, the client, may take steps to heal. We will work together as a team to change negative thinking patterns to positive thinking patterns, fill your tool belt with healthy coping mechanisms and ultimately smash your goals of therapy. This is a non judgmental zone, there are no power struggles and you will feel welcomed.
Online availability ONLY on Tuesday and Wednesday. Hi, there! I am interested in building our relationship's foundation on trust. I believe client and therapist relationship is the only way to produce positive outcomes. When this is established, a beautiful environment is formed to which you, the client, may take steps to heal. We will work together as a team to change negative thinking patterns to positive thinking patterns, fill your tool belt with healthy coping mechanisms and ultimately smash your goals of therapy. This is a non judgmental zone, there are no power struggles and you will feel welcomed.
(802) 357-7213 View (802) 357-7213
Photo of Ezra Maurer, MA, Psychologist
Ezra Maurer
Psychologist, MA
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478
In private practice since 2006, I continue to feel honored to get to know my clients. My hope with each person is that we will create a space together in which a unique healing relationship may unfold. To facilitate that space, I tend to focus on your feelings and how they are held in the body; on past experiences and how they relate to current feelings and relational patterns; on how relational patterns may be being repeated within the therapy; on the richness of your internal world (that emerges, for example, in dreams, daydreams, artwork, etc.); and on awareness itself, within which all of the above happens.
In private practice since 2006, I continue to feel honored to get to know my clients. My hope with each person is that we will create a space together in which a unique healing relationship may unfold. To facilitate that space, I tend to focus on your feelings and how they are held in the body; on past experiences and how they relate to current feelings and relational patterns; on how relational patterns may be being repeated within the therapy; on the richness of your internal world (that emerges, for example, in dreams, daydreams, artwork, etc.); and on awareness itself, within which all of the above happens.
(802) 282-4581 View (802) 282-4581
Photo of Tayla Smith, LCMHC, LPCC, Counselor
Tayla Smith
Counselor, LCMHC, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My practice focuses on children, adolescents, and adults based on the behavioral health concerns presented. My goal is to form a counseling relationship that represents a "team effort" in which the counselor and client will work together in order to target the current issue(s), set achievable goals, and develop steps that will enable the desired outcome.
My practice focuses on children, adolescents, and adults based on the behavioral health concerns presented. My goal is to form a counseling relationship that represents a "team effort" in which the counselor and client will work together in order to target the current issue(s), set achievable goals, and develop steps that will enable the desired outcome.
(802) 328-9840 View (802) 328-9840
Photo of Dr. Shelley A Jackson, PhD, LCMHC-S, LPC-TX, LPC-CT, RPT-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dr. Shelley A Jackson
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LCMHC-S, LPC-TX, LPC-CT, RPT-S
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478  (Online Only)
Welcome! I am Shelley Jackson and am looking forward to meeting you. I have over 20 years counseling experience working with children and adults. I believe in the inherent good in all people and want to help you live a life worth living. I treat my clients, whether adults or children, with deep respect and offer you a safe place in which to process your problems. I offer you my unconditional positive regard and genuineness as a person. I believe our relationship is the most important part of counseling and to that end I bring 100% of myself into our sessions.
Welcome! I am Shelley Jackson and am looking forward to meeting you. I have over 20 years counseling experience working with children and adults. I believe in the inherent good in all people and want to help you live a life worth living. I treat my clients, whether adults or children, with deep respect and offer you a safe place in which to process your problems. I offer you my unconditional positive regard and genuineness as a person. I believe our relationship is the most important part of counseling and to that end I bring 100% of myself into our sessions.
(802) 597-2341 View (802) 597-2341
Photo of Thomas Mock, LICSW, ACSW, BCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Thomas Mock
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, ACSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Choosing a therapist for yourself or loved one can be a difficult task. A true "Master" of the healing arts is one who has spent years learning, practicing, and refining their skills as a healer. Individuals, couples and families first entering into the therapeutic relationship often feel overwhelmed, confused, anxious and vulnerable. They need to feel safe by knowing that they are truly being heard and respected. They also need to trust that their therapist has sufficient experience to patiently guide them thru the process of self discovery on their path to wellness and feeling whole, perhaps for the first time in their life.
Choosing a therapist for yourself or loved one can be a difficult task. A true "Master" of the healing arts is one who has spent years learning, practicing, and refining their skills as a healer. Individuals, couples and families first entering into the therapeutic relationship often feel overwhelmed, confused, anxious and vulnerable. They need to feel safe by knowing that they are truly being heard and respected. They also need to trust that their therapist has sufficient experience to patiently guide them thru the process of self discovery on their path to wellness and feeling whole, perhaps for the first time in their life.
(802) 278-0404 View (802) 278-0404
Photo of Jessica Johnson, NCC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jessica Johnson
Pre-Licensed Professional, NCC
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
We don't heal in isolation, but in community - SK Harrell. As a therapist I believe in the power of community, in the vital need for support to grow beyond who we are in this moment into who we want to be. I acknowledge the strength it takes to seek and accept supports, and I am honored to walk with you in this journey.
We don't heal in isolation, but in community - SK Harrell. As a therapist I believe in the power of community, in the vital need for support to grow beyond who we are in this moment into who we want to be. I acknowledge the strength it takes to seek and accept supports, and I am honored to walk with you in this journey.
(802) 441-6715 View (802) 441-6715
Photo of Daniel P Quinn, Pre-Licensed Professional
Daniel P Quinn
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Do More In ‘24! If you want to make changes and take action this year, email me or schedule a time directly through my website. From there, we can determine if I’m a good fit to assist you in your self-exploration. Every person seeking therapy deserves an individual approach, honoring their unique experiences and challenges. As a clinician, I strive to customize therapy to meet your goals, creating a therapeutic environment of openness and reflection. Using a strengths-based approach, we can use different therapeutic strategies to create authentic change and growth.
Do More In ‘24! If you want to make changes and take action this year, email me or schedule a time directly through my website. From there, we can determine if I’m a good fit to assist you in your self-exploration. Every person seeking therapy deserves an individual approach, honoring their unique experiences and challenges. As a clinician, I strive to customize therapy to meet your goals, creating a therapeutic environment of openness and reflection. Using a strengths-based approach, we can use different therapeutic strategies to create authentic change and growth.
(802) 210-4320 View (802) 210-4320
Photo of Trevor Jewett, MA, LCMHC, CCTP, Counselor
Trevor Jewett
Counselor, MA, LCMHC, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478
I believe we all have the capacity for meaningful change, and am passionate about helping people recognize their strengths. The foundation of my therapeutic approach is simple; the relationship between counselor and patient is the most important consideration for positive change. I have over eight years of experience treating anxiety, depression, trauma, loss, life changes and more. My approach is strengths based, helping people keep sight of their inherent strengths while working through challenges. I enjoy incorporating drumming, music, and humor in therapy. I work with adults age 21 and up.
I believe we all have the capacity for meaningful change, and am passionate about helping people recognize their strengths. The foundation of my therapeutic approach is simple; the relationship between counselor and patient is the most important consideration for positive change. I have over eight years of experience treating anxiety, depression, trauma, loss, life changes and more. My approach is strengths based, helping people keep sight of their inherent strengths while working through challenges. I enjoy incorporating drumming, music, and humor in therapy. I work with adults age 21 and up.
(802) 766-1561 View (802) 766-1561
Photo of Dianne Vock DuPrat, MA, LCMHC, Counselor
Dianne Vock DuPrat
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Not accepting new clients
Psychotherapy is very rewarding and challenging work. Anyone seeking to make themselves healthier needs to know that and be open to change. Despite how difficult it is to work through the issues that disrupt our lives, the reward is learning that life is a process worth living and improving on a continuous basis. I treat people with trauma issues, depression, anxiety, PTSD, career moves, family issues, OCD, addictive behaviors, relationship problems and interpersonal unhappiness often beginning with providing psycho-educational information such as personal boundaries, basic human rights, safety, and coping and advocacy skills.
Psychotherapy is very rewarding and challenging work. Anyone seeking to make themselves healthier needs to know that and be open to change. Despite how difficult it is to work through the issues that disrupt our lives, the reward is learning that life is a process worth living and improving on a continuous basis. I treat people with trauma issues, depression, anxiety, PTSD, career moves, family issues, OCD, addictive behaviors, relationship problems and interpersonal unhappiness often beginning with providing psycho-educational information such as personal boundaries, basic human rights, safety, and coping and advocacy skills.
(802) 532-4022 View (802) 532-4022
Photo of Bridget Archambault - West Shore Counseling, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Bridget Archambault - West Shore Counseling
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478
I became a therapist because I believe that all people have the innate ability to heal and sometimes, we need extra support and guidance to get us there. We all experience challenges in our lives whether it be grief, job stress, relationship issues, difficulties at home, and sometimes we don’t know why but, we don’t feel like ourselves. In my 15 years of working in community mental health, I have helped children, adolescents and adults heal from these challenges.
I became a therapist because I believe that all people have the innate ability to heal and sometimes, we need extra support and guidance to get us there. We all experience challenges in our lives whether it be grief, job stress, relationship issues, difficulties at home, and sometimes we don’t know why but, we don’t feel like ourselves. In my 15 years of working in community mental health, I have helped children, adolescents and adults heal from these challenges.
(802) 391-9834 View (802) 391-9834
Photo of Marc A Dutkiewicz, LADC, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Marc A Dutkiewicz
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Accepting New Patients When alcohol, drugs, anxiety, and depression are interfering with every day life, attempting to change them can be difficult. My goals to attempt to help you is develop a trusting relationship, and then identify symptoms and define the detrimental effects to your life. The last goal is begin to improve thoughts and behaviors so that you can remove or control substances as a form of medication. Then to improve anxiety and depression symptoms so that everyday life doesn't feel like such a struggle to get through. Individual counseling for IDRP license reinstatement. Please call me so we can chat.
Accepting New Patients When alcohol, drugs, anxiety, and depression are interfering with every day life, attempting to change them can be difficult. My goals to attempt to help you is develop a trusting relationship, and then identify symptoms and define the detrimental effects to your life. The last goal is begin to improve thoughts and behaviors so that you can remove or control substances as a form of medication. Then to improve anxiety and depression symptoms so that everyday life doesn't feel like such a struggle to get through. Individual counseling for IDRP license reinstatement. Please call me so we can chat.
(802) 526-6165 View (802) 526-6165
Photo of Gillian J Ireland, MS, LCMHC, Counselor
Gillian J Ireland
Counselor, MS, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478
My motto is: "LIFE IS AN ADVENTURE". I have worked in the Mental Health field across many settings and with all age groups. As the years pass and my experience deepens, I find that my approach is leaning more and more towards Positive Psychology. While I am skilled and knowledgeable about how to help solve problems, work through issues and reduce symptoms, I also feel that it is my job to help people to access the strengths and assets that they already have or can develop to help them towards healing. I am currently certified as an EMDR Practicioner.
My motto is: "LIFE IS AN ADVENTURE". I have worked in the Mental Health field across many settings and with all age groups. As the years pass and my experience deepens, I find that my approach is leaning more and more towards Positive Psychology. While I am skilled and knowledgeable about how to help solve problems, work through issues and reduce symptoms, I also feel that it is my job to help people to access the strengths and assets that they already have or can develop to help them towards healing. I am currently certified as an EMDR Practicioner.
(802) 327-0087 View (802) 327-0087
Photo of Eric Astleford - Common Man Therapy, LLC - Eric Astleford, MA, CTMH-A, Pre-Licensed Professional
Common Man Therapy, LLC - Eric Astleford
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, CTMH-A
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478  (Online Only)
Chocolate cake, bubble baths, herbal tea, and drumming circles are NOT solutions to your mental health problems. For both men and women, direct and honest talk addressing your issues is always the best (and often the fastest) way to wellness. Whether you're dealing with anxiety, going through a divorce, struggling with anger, experiencing suicidal thoughts, or simply trying to get through each day, I will change your perception of what you think current therapy is like. I will provide you with practical, common-sense help to get you back on track. Call me for a free 15-minute consultation!
Chocolate cake, bubble baths, herbal tea, and drumming circles are NOT solutions to your mental health problems. For both men and women, direct and honest talk addressing your issues is always the best (and often the fastest) way to wellness. Whether you're dealing with anxiety, going through a divorce, struggling with anger, experiencing suicidal thoughts, or simply trying to get through each day, I will change your perception of what you think current therapy is like. I will provide you with practical, common-sense help to get you back on track. Call me for a free 15-minute consultation!
(802) 521-0140 View (802) 521-0140
1

See more therapy options for Saint Albans

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Saint Albans, VT

60+

Average cost per session

$127

Therapists in Saint Albans, VT who prioritize treating:

97% Anxiety
88% Depression
85% Self Esteem
79% Trauma and PTSD
73% Relationship Issues
73% Grief
73% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

97% BlueCross and BlueShield
80% Medicaid
78% MVP Health Care

How Therapists in Saint Albans, VT see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
25% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Saint Albans?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.