Therapists in Richardson, TX

Photo of Martin McClenon, LPC, LCDC, NCC, SAP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Martin McClenon
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCDC, NCC, SAP
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75080
Hello, I am Martin. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and a Licensed Chemical Dependency Counselor in Texas, as well as a Combat Navy Veteran. Do you feel that your life has lost value and meaning? Let us team up to take back ownership of your life's journey.
Hello, I am Martin. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and a Licensed Chemical Dependency Counselor in Texas, as well as a Combat Navy Veteran. Do you feel that your life has lost value and meaning? Let us team up to take back ownership of your life's journey.
(214) 987-4981 View (214) 987-4981
Photo of Jennifer Yeager, MA, LMFT-S, LPC, CSAT, EMDR, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jennifer Yeager
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LMFT-S, LPC, CSAT, EMDR
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75081
Have you found yourself struggling with anxiety, depression, the affects of relational trauma, betrayal trauma, narcissistic abuse, grief & loss, or life transitions - you are not alone.  You did not expect to be here. . . and life does not have to stay this way. Supporting women through some of the most challenging moments in life is my passion. Offering collaborative, compassionate, and evidence based treatment, I strive to EMPOWER women to live an authentic and joyful life.
Have you found yourself struggling with anxiety, depression, the affects of relational trauma, betrayal trauma, narcissistic abuse, grief & loss, or life transitions - you are not alone.  You did not expect to be here. . . and life does not have to stay this way. Supporting women through some of the most challenging moments in life is my passion. Offering collaborative, compassionate, and evidence based treatment, I strive to EMPOWER women to live an authentic and joyful life.
(214) 247-7178 View (214) 247-7178
Photo of Carolyn B Kingsley, MS, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Carolyn B Kingsley
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75080  (Online Only)
My clients tend to be people who march to the beat of their own drum. They know what it’s like to feel misunderstood, and some might go as far as to consider themselves “black sheep” or even outcasts. My approach to counseling involves embracing your unique identity and letting go of expectations others may have put onto you. Whether you are working through depression, anxiety, relationship troubles, or uncertainty, I want to help you become your most authentic self.
My clients tend to be people who march to the beat of their own drum. They know what it’s like to feel misunderstood, and some might go as far as to consider themselves “black sheep” or even outcasts. My approach to counseling involves embracing your unique identity and letting go of expectations others may have put onto you. Whether you are working through depression, anxiety, relationship troubles, or uncertainty, I want to help you become your most authentic self.
(778) 392-7795 View (778) 392-7795
Photo of Cristian Rideaux, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cristian Rideaux
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75081
Hi, my name is Cristian Rideaux, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I have experience working with young adults with anxiety, stress, and depression. I use a variety of modalities such as CBT, DBT, or MI to help my clients make progress toward their goals. I have experience working with many different age groups and mental health diagnoses. I have experience working with individuals with depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. I work with each client to help them understand their symptoms and find ways to cope.
Hi, my name is Cristian Rideaux, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I have experience working with young adults with anxiety, stress, and depression. I use a variety of modalities such as CBT, DBT, or MI to help my clients make progress toward their goals. I have experience working with many different age groups and mental health diagnoses. I have experience working with individuals with depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. I work with each client to help them understand their symptoms and find ways to cope.
(469) 833-4680 View (469) 833-4680
Photo of Tamera Wright, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tamera Wright
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75081
Societal norms have taught us we should be at a certain place in our life by a certain age, generational traumas don't exist, being one gender or loving one gender is an anomaly and that being "traditional" is the road map to a happy life. The unrealistic expectations for who we are can be suffocating that it leaves us numb with no one to turn to. I am here to be your sacred friend, a pillar in self-discovery and offer a different perspective. I am here to watch you snatch your power back and indulge in having grace with yourself during this time of self-identity through self-awareness, self-care, self-love and self expression.
Societal norms have taught us we should be at a certain place in our life by a certain age, generational traumas don't exist, being one gender or loving one gender is an anomaly and that being "traditional" is the road map to a happy life. The unrealistic expectations for who we are can be suffocating that it leaves us numb with no one to turn to. I am here to be your sacred friend, a pillar in self-discovery and offer a different perspective. I am here to watch you snatch your power back and indulge in having grace with yourself during this time of self-identity through self-awareness, self-care, self-love and self expression.
(214) 623-6617 View (214) 623-6617
Photo of Audrey H Atkins, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Audrey H Atkins
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75080
As a top honors graduate from Texas Wesleyan University, I have been trained by some of the best licensed professionals in the mental health field today. Having done my graduate practicum at Sante Center for Healing, I learned that treating clients from a holistic perspective gives them the skills they need in all areas to address their greatest concerns. As a client of mine, you will be asked to be an active participant in your therapy. The vast majority of my clients report more happiness and positive changes in their lives after only a short time as my client.
As a top honors graduate from Texas Wesleyan University, I have been trained by some of the best licensed professionals in the mental health field today. Having done my graduate practicum at Sante Center for Healing, I learned that treating clients from a holistic perspective gives them the skills they need in all areas to address their greatest concerns. As a client of mine, you will be asked to be an active participant in your therapy. The vast majority of my clients report more happiness and positive changes in their lives after only a short time as my client.
(940) 294-8001 View (940) 294-8001
Photo of Heather Fry, NCC, MS, RYT
Heather Fry
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate , NCC, MS, RYT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
We all desire acceptance, love, and to be truly seen by our community. However, our experiences can sometimes make it challenging to feel that love and acceptance. When exploring sexual and gender identities, not living authentically can lead to anxiety and depression. At other times, being part of the queer community is just one aspect of who we are, and it can be a relief to explore other life issues with a counselor who affirms and understands our sexual and gender identity. I am supervised by Jessica Callahan, LPC-S.
We all desire acceptance, love, and to be truly seen by our community. However, our experiences can sometimes make it challenging to feel that love and acceptance. When exploring sexual and gender identities, not living authentically can lead to anxiety and depression. At other times, being part of the queer community is just one aspect of who we are, and it can be a relief to explore other life issues with a counselor who affirms and understands our sexual and gender identity. I am supervised by Jessica Callahan, LPC-S.
(214) 206-4160 View (214) 206-4160
Photo of Alice Bradley-Harmon, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alice Bradley-Harmon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
Welcome to Peony Counseling! I chose the beautiful, lush peony as a symbol for growing a "fuller and richer life" through psychotherapy. At Peony Counseling, we work together to move you towards wholeness as an individual and in your relationships. Life is difficult and we frequently get stuck with grief, trauma, transitions, resentment or anxiety that can feel overwhelming and lonely. It is my belief that we all can use some help at these times in our lives that don't make sense or feel really dark. "The wound is where the Light enters you." Rumi
Welcome to Peony Counseling! I chose the beautiful, lush peony as a symbol for growing a "fuller and richer life" through psychotherapy. At Peony Counseling, we work together to move you towards wholeness as an individual and in your relationships. Life is difficult and we frequently get stuck with grief, trauma, transitions, resentment or anxiety that can feel overwhelming and lonely. It is my belief that we all can use some help at these times in our lives that don't make sense or feel really dark. "The wound is where the Light enters you." Rumi
(469) 804-5689 View (469) 804-5689
Photo of Christian Gray Hering, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Christian Gray Hering
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75083  (Online Only)
Do you feel trapped by irrational fears and worries? Are you avoiding places or activities because of anxiety? Have obsessive thoughts or compulsive behaviors started to control your life? Anxiety and panic can make daily life feel like a constant battle. Obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors may offer some relief in the moment but end up taking over your life. If you're tired of living on edge, avoiding social situations, or feeling trapped in cycles of obsessive thinking and behavior, I can help.
Do you feel trapped by irrational fears and worries? Are you avoiding places or activities because of anxiety? Have obsessive thoughts or compulsive behaviors started to control your life? Anxiety and panic can make daily life feel like a constant battle. Obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors may offer some relief in the moment but end up taking over your life. If you're tired of living on edge, avoiding social situations, or feeling trapped in cycles of obsessive thinking and behavior, I can help.
(972) 619-9605 View (972) 619-9605
Photo of Francis J Smith, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Francis J Smith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75081
As an out transgender man, I have the unique opportunity to look at issues from different perspectives. I believe in living as your authentic self, and I strive to help clients achieve that goal. I have been in the mental health field since 1996 and a licensed social worker since 2006.
As an out transgender man, I have the unique opportunity to look at issues from different perspectives. I believe in living as your authentic self, and I strive to help clients achieve that goal. I have been in the mental health field since 1996 and a licensed social worker since 2006.
(972) 696-9359 View (972) 696-9359
Photo of Christine Culp, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Christine Culp
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75082
I specialize in premarital and marriage counseling, utilizing the renowned Gottman Method, the Prepare/Enrich program, and other modalities as appropriate. My passion lies in guiding couples towards deeper understanding, healthier communication, and lasting intimacy. I provide a nurturing space for couples to explore their dynamics, strengthen their bond, and develop the skills needed for a thriving partnership. Additionally, with my diverse background in both accounting/finance and couples counseling, I bring a unique perspective to helping couples work through the high-conflict topic of money in constructive ways.
I specialize in premarital and marriage counseling, utilizing the renowned Gottman Method, the Prepare/Enrich program, and other modalities as appropriate. My passion lies in guiding couples towards deeper understanding, healthier communication, and lasting intimacy. I provide a nurturing space for couples to explore their dynamics, strengthen their bond, and develop the skills needed for a thriving partnership. Additionally, with my diverse background in both accounting/finance and couples counseling, I bring a unique perspective to helping couples work through the high-conflict topic of money in constructive ways.
(972) 845-8742 View (972) 845-8742
Photo of Kristina McCray, MS, LPC, LSSP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kristina McCray
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LSSP
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75082
Kristina McCray is a licensed professional counselor with over 15 years of experience working as a mental health professional. She has experience with working with people of all ages, cultures, and backgrounds on a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges, OCD, Bipolar, Schizophrenia, Autism Spectrum Disorder, personality disorders, substance addiction, identity problems, self-esteem problems, domestic, sexual abuse, ADHD, etc. Kristina also has helped many people who have experienced physical and emotional trauma. Moreover, Kristina is a School Psychologist.
Kristina McCray is a licensed professional counselor with over 15 years of experience working as a mental health professional. She has experience with working with people of all ages, cultures, and backgrounds on a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges, OCD, Bipolar, Schizophrenia, Autism Spectrum Disorder, personality disorders, substance addiction, identity problems, self-esteem problems, domestic, sexual abuse, ADHD, etc. Kristina also has helped many people who have experienced physical and emotional trauma. Moreover, Kristina is a School Psychologist.
(512) 883-7116 View (512) 883-7116
Photo of Lane Johnson, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lane Johnson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75080
My goal is to provide a safe and comfortable environment for us to work together in managing life's challenges and changes with tools to move towards a better and more meaningful life experience. Also have helpful tools for couples and families to build communication skills and understanding, paving the way to more harmonious relationships. I understand and respect the courage it takes to reach out. I want you to know that I support you and look forward to working with you! Evening and weekend hours available.
My goal is to provide a safe and comfortable environment for us to work together in managing life's challenges and changes with tools to move towards a better and more meaningful life experience. Also have helpful tools for couples and families to build communication skills and understanding, paving the way to more harmonious relationships. I understand and respect the courage it takes to reach out. I want you to know that I support you and look forward to working with you! Evening and weekend hours available.
(972) 370-5360 View (972) 370-5360
Photo of Janelle J Gibson, LCSW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Janelle J Gibson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75080
Waitlist for new clients
Perhaps you are wondering if therapy can be helpful when, up until now, talking about issues just has not worked. Perhaps you are curious to try again with the hope that this time, a different approach may work to address your trauma, your depression, your anxiety, and your pain. Perhaps you question whether healing is even possible. But, some part of you has hope that, maybe this time, therapy will help. I speak to that part.
Perhaps you are wondering if therapy can be helpful when, up until now, talking about issues just has not worked. Perhaps you are curious to try again with the hope that this time, a different approach may work to address your trauma, your depression, your anxiety, and your pain. Perhaps you question whether healing is even possible. But, some part of you has hope that, maybe this time, therapy will help. I speak to that part.
(214) 761-6436 View (214) 761-6436
Photo of Dolores Ann Guilliod, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dolores Ann Guilliod
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
In one's walk towards wholeness and change, there are various barriers and hindrances one must overcome: The prism in which we view life, the messages we received about ourselves from our family of origin, what has happened to us and what we tell ourselves about it, our fear of feelings, and our learned coping mechanisms are just a few. As a Christian counselor, it is my desire to provide a safe and accepting environment in which we can walk and work together to expose, understand, and overcome these barriers.
In one's walk towards wholeness and change, there are various barriers and hindrances one must overcome: The prism in which we view life, the messages we received about ourselves from our family of origin, what has happened to us and what we tell ourselves about it, our fear of feelings, and our learned coping mechanisms are just a few. As a Christian counselor, it is my desire to provide a safe and accepting environment in which we can walk and work together to expose, understand, and overcome these barriers.
(214) 317-4458 View (214) 317-4458
Photo of Sarah Hickox, MA, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sarah Hickox
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
Hello! I'm so glad you're here. I want to be a helper and guidepost for women navigating the complicated times life brings. I aim to bring warmth and humor with a judgment-free space for each individual to breathe and do the hard work of the healing and growing process. I primarily see women ages 19 and up, and offer in person session or virtual. As I had people in my young life that saw me and walked with me through doubt, hard times and uncertainty, I know these influences made a positive impact on my life. They are who inspire me to sit, kneel, crawl or walk with you, at whatever the pace.
Hello! I'm so glad you're here. I want to be a helper and guidepost for women navigating the complicated times life brings. I aim to bring warmth and humor with a judgment-free space for each individual to breathe and do the hard work of the healing and growing process. I primarily see women ages 19 and up, and offer in person session or virtual. As I had people in my young life that saw me and walked with me through doubt, hard times and uncertainty, I know these influences made a positive impact on my life. They are who inspire me to sit, kneel, crawl or walk with you, at whatever the pace.
(469) 649-8185 View (469) 649-8185
Photo of John W Nord, MA, MDiv, CSAT, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
John W Nord
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MDiv, CSAT, LPC
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75080
Are you a man who is fighting a secret war? Is it a war with out-of-control sexual behavior, a war you’ve deceived yourself into believing was under your control (willpower)? Now, the mounting losses and consequences are breaking down your world of denial. The sex that, at one time, brought you relief now leaves you with shame, self-loathing, pain, loneliness and alienation. You are beginning to see your true condition of powerlessness. Now, you may be asking, "Does God care? Does anyone understand? Is there hope?" The answer is YES! Call me and let me share the good news.
Are you a man who is fighting a secret war? Is it a war with out-of-control sexual behavior, a war you’ve deceived yourself into believing was under your control (willpower)? Now, the mounting losses and consequences are breaking down your world of denial. The sex that, at one time, brought you relief now leaves you with shame, self-loathing, pain, loneliness and alienation. You are beginning to see your true condition of powerlessness. Now, you may be asking, "Does God care? Does anyone understand? Is there hope?" The answer is YES! Call me and let me share the good news.
(972) 437-4698 x104 View (972) 437-4698 x104
Photo of Ike Patrick, MA, LPC, CSAT, EMDR-TR, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ike Patrick
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CSAT, EMDR-TR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
I have a passion for helping those who are struggling with real-life issues to become the people they were really meant to be. I also have a passion for working with the partners and family members of these people to assist them in restoring balance to their relationships and families. In a very non-judgemental way, I combine my compassionate, empathetic nature with my academic training and life experience to come alongside my clients.
I have a passion for helping those who are struggling with real-life issues to become the people they were really meant to be. I also have a passion for working with the partners and family members of these people to assist them in restoring balance to their relationships and families. In a very non-judgemental way, I combine my compassionate, empathetic nature with my academic training and life experience to come alongside my clients.
(972) 885-3996 View (972) 885-3996
Photo of Julie Davis Landsaw, MA, LPC, CSAT, EMDR tr, Licensed Professional Counselor
Julie Davis Landsaw
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CSAT, EMDR tr
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
Whether you can’t seem to manage your own impulses, anxiety or pain, or someone else’s choices have left you feeling stuck and in pain, it’s often hard to find a single safe person to telI. I want to be a safe place for you, where you feel it’s okay to be who you are. Together we can take a look at which ways of thinking and reacting are helping you reach your goals, and which parts of yourself may have helped you get to where you are but are now not as effective in helping you move forward. As you learn to see your whole story and learn new tools to respond in ways that line up with your true value, healing begins.
Whether you can’t seem to manage your own impulses, anxiety or pain, or someone else’s choices have left you feeling stuck and in pain, it’s often hard to find a single safe person to telI. I want to be a safe place for you, where you feel it’s okay to be who you are. Together we can take a look at which ways of thinking and reacting are helping you reach your goals, and which parts of yourself may have helped you get to where you are but are now not as effective in helping you move forward. As you learn to see your whole story and learn new tools to respond in ways that line up with your true value, healing begins.
(972) 694-4225 View (972) 694-4225
Photo of Shuqueta Thomas, LPC-A, Pre-Licensed Professional
Shuqueta Thomas
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC-A
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75082
If you're going through a particularly difficult season of life or if you're just feeling stuck trying to get to a better place, I'd love to work with you! I enjoy working with men and women of all ages, helping my clients to navigate a wide range of challenges such as grief, depression, relationship issues, pre-natal and post-natal transitions, family conflicts, separation/divorce, and feelings of being "stuck." I offer therapy to individuals, couples, and families, and strive to provide a safe and non-judgmental environment for clients to express their emotions and vulnerabilities.
If you're going through a particularly difficult season of life or if you're just feeling stuck trying to get to a better place, I'd love to work with you! I enjoy working with men and women of all ages, helping my clients to navigate a wide range of challenges such as grief, depression, relationship issues, pre-natal and post-natal transitions, family conflicts, separation/divorce, and feelings of being "stuck." I offer therapy to individuals, couples, and families, and strive to provide a safe and non-judgmental environment for clients to express their emotions and vulnerabilities.
(469) 903-5672 View (469) 903-5672
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Richardson, TX

400+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Richardson, TX who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
71% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% Aetna
67% BlueCross and BlueShield
65% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Richardson, TX see their clients

81% In Person and Online
19% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Richardson?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.