Exposure Response Prevention (ERP) Therapists in Virginia Beach, VA
![Photo of Jordan Heiden, LPC, LMHC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/99f92fc2-5e95-4c53-ac35-93f7bb31d22a/2/320x400.jpeg)
Jordan Heiden
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23456 (Online Only)
I'm certified by the University of Penn to provide Exposure & Response Prevention (ERP), the gold-standard treatment for OCD.
OCD is a heavy burden. And it feels even heavier when nothing seems to help, including therapy. Maybe you feel that OCD is just something you have to tolerate for the rest of your life. I don’t believe that “coping” is your only option. I believe OCD is treatable. And I believe you can make deep-seated and long-lasting change. Together, we’ll look beyond your diagnosis and subtype, and understand the beliefs that maintain the OCD in your life. This can be daunting, but I’ll be there with you every step of the way offering guidance and support.
I'm certified by the University of Penn to provide Exposure & Response Prevention (ERP), the gold-standard treatment for OCD.
OCD is a heavy burden. And it feels even heavier when nothing seems to help, including therapy. Maybe you feel that OCD is just something you have to tolerate for the rest of your life. I don’t believe that “coping” is your only option. I believe OCD is treatable. And I believe you can make deep-seated and long-lasting change. Together, we’ll look beyond your diagnosis and subtype, and understand the beliefs that maintain the OCD in your life. This can be daunting, but I’ll be there with you every step of the way offering guidance and support.
![Photo of Morgan Cohen, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/eec7005f-3b06-4475-aed1-e7ec6ac85267/1/320x400.jpeg)
Morgan Cohen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23464 (Online Only)
I have worked with first responders, nurses, military veterans and active-duty service members and I am trained in a handful of techniques, including EMDR, DBT, CBT, ERP, and BCBT-SP and more!.
Welcome! If you found yourself here, I am so glad that you decided to invest in yourself and your life! Starting therapy can be both exciting and scary and I am here to support you every step of the way. My name is Morgan (she/her) and I would love the opportunity to work with you. I focus on you as an individual and encourage you to come to your session ready to talk about topics that are important and relevant to you. I offer a safe, judgment-free environment where you can be your authentic self. As your therapist, I will provide insight, feedback, skills/tips, education, resources and support based on your needs.
I have worked with first responders, nurses, military veterans and active-duty service members and I am trained in a handful of techniques, including EMDR, DBT, CBT, ERP, and BCBT-SP and more!.
Welcome! If you found yourself here, I am so glad that you decided to invest in yourself and your life! Starting therapy can be both exciting and scary and I am here to support you every step of the way. My name is Morgan (she/her) and I would love the opportunity to work with you. I focus on you as an individual and encourage you to come to your session ready to talk about topics that are important and relevant to you. I offer a safe, judgment-free environment where you can be your authentic self. As your therapist, I will provide insight, feedback, skills/tips, education, resources and support based on your needs.
![Photo of Erika W Scruggs, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/5bdbc214-3833-4dbc-82d9-927029795a56/1/320x400.png)
Erika W Scruggs
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23450 (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
In my practice, I use primarily Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and cognitive behavioral (CBT) techniques to help my clients reduce intrusive thoughts, withstand anxiety, and make meaningful changes in their lives.
Helping others live better lives has been my passion since my early teens when I decided to become a counselor. Now, as a Licensed Professional Counselor, I enjoy working with adults struggling with OCD, anxiety, and life’s many stresses.
In my practice, I use primarily Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and cognitive behavioral (CBT) techniques to help my clients reduce intrusive thoughts, withstand anxiety, and make meaningful changes in their lives.
Helping others live better lives has been my passion since my early teens when I decided to become a counselor. Now, as a Licensed Professional Counselor, I enjoy working with adults struggling with OCD, anxiety, and life’s many stresses.
![Photo of Suzie Long, PhD, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/0c420d97-6371-43b8-87fb-acf368b7c8bd/2/320x400.jpeg)
I specialize in Rumination-Focused ERP (RF-ERP) for OCD. This approach to ERP focuses on treating compulsive rumination, and provides a highly systematic yet gentler approach to exposure therapy. I recognize the value of integrating psychoanalytic treatment with ERP to provide a comprehensive therapeutic approach that goes beyond symptom management.
I specialize in Rumination-Focused ERP (RF-ERP) for OCD. This approach to ERP focuses on treating compulsive rumination, and provides a highly systematic yet gentler approach to exposure therapy. I recognize the value of integrating psychoanalytic treatment with ERP to provide a comprehensive therapeutic approach that goes beyond symptom management.
![Photo of Michael Sheffield - Mind Over Matter Therapy, RIC, ME, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/8df54477-6be5-4f88-84f3-e2c11f5712e3/2/320x400.jpeg)
Mind Over Matter Therapy
Pre-Licensed Professional, RIC, ME
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23454 (Online Only)
My name is Michael Sheffield and alongside obtaining my Master's degree, I have been working in the counseling field with people for 3 years. Life is hitting you hard right now and you're stuck. Maybe you feel alone. Maybe you struggle doing what you need or want to get done. Maybe you struggle with the way your mind works. Or just maybe you feel like there's not much meaning in your life. My life and training are lent towards working with people experiencing depressed mood, anxiety, overactive/judgemental minds, relationship stress, pessimism, trauma, sleep disturbance, OCD, uncontrolled anger/mood, workaholism, and chronic pain.
My name is Michael Sheffield and alongside obtaining my Master's degree, I have been working in the counseling field with people for 3 years. Life is hitting you hard right now and you're stuck. Maybe you feel alone. Maybe you struggle doing what you need or want to get done. Maybe you struggle with the way your mind works. Or just maybe you feel like there's not much meaning in your life. My life and training are lent towards working with people experiencing depressed mood, anxiety, overactive/judgemental minds, relationship stress, pessimism, trauma, sleep disturbance, OCD, uncontrolled anger/mood, workaholism, and chronic pain.
![Photo of Dr. Samantha Lindsey Zbur, PhD, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/9b1a02ef-9082-49f8-a8a6-18079b1fcaa9/2/320x400.jpeg)
Dr. Samantha Lindsey Zbur
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23462 (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical psychologist providing psychotherapy services to children, adolescents, and adults. Finding value in a variety of therapeutic approaches, I blend evidence-based treatments such as Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, and Interpersonal Therapy to address the treatment goals of clients. I also have experience in providing Motivational Interviewing, Behavior Modification, Trauma-Focused CBT, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, Exposure Response Prevention for OCD, and psychological testing for ADHD and learning problems.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist providing psychotherapy services to children, adolescents, and adults. Finding value in a variety of therapeutic approaches, I blend evidence-based treatments such as Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, and Interpersonal Therapy to address the treatment goals of clients. I also have experience in providing Motivational Interviewing, Behavior Modification, Trauma-Focused CBT, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, Exposure Response Prevention for OCD, and psychological testing for ADHD and learning problems.
![Photo of Jessica Overturf, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/999d3f69-3688-4412-8af1-695a66829dd8/1/320x400.jpeg)
Jessica Overturf
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23451 (Online Only)
I enjoy working with clients aged 16 and above. My approach is inclusive and client-centered, ensuring that each individual receives personalized support tailored to their unique needs. If you are struggling with anxiety, self-esteem issues, relationship challenges, or trauma, I would be honored to provide guidance and support on your journey of personal growth and well-being.
I enjoy working with clients aged 16 and above. My approach is inclusive and client-centered, ensuring that each individual receives personalized support tailored to their unique needs. If you are struggling with anxiety, self-esteem issues, relationship challenges, or trauma, I would be honored to provide guidance and support on your journey of personal growth and well-being.
![Photo of Sarah Cameron, MEd, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/8370bbb7-51f3-480a-b770-20c59daa487f/2/320x400.jpeg)
Sarah Cameron
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23462
We all experience life's ups and downs, and yet no one's experience is exactly the same as another's. One size does not fit all. I want to get to know you. I believe that honoring each client's individuality and striving to truly understand each person in their fullest allows us to explore issues, identify possibilities, and formulate solutions that are effective and help move them further along in their life's story. Whether you are struggling with depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, or general life stress, I am here to help you get started.
We all experience life's ups and downs, and yet no one's experience is exactly the same as another's. One size does not fit all. I want to get to know you. I believe that honoring each client's individuality and striving to truly understand each person in their fullest allows us to explore issues, identify possibilities, and formulate solutions that are effective and help move them further along in their life's story. Whether you are struggling with depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, or general life stress, I am here to help you get started.
![Photo of Lydia Steele, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/935c6bd2-d5e3-4233-8c19-7769d0d66838/2/320x400.jpeg)
Lydia Steele
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23452 (Online Only)
In seasons of crisis, loss, and struggle, counseling can be a space to reflect on the past and recover for the journey ahead. My goal as a clinician is to partner with individuals and families as they heal from past hurts, manage current stressors, and refine their strengths on their path to restoring hope and finding healing.
In seasons of crisis, loss, and struggle, counseling can be a space to reflect on the past and recover for the journey ahead. My goal as a clinician is to partner with individuals and families as they heal from past hurts, manage current stressors, and refine their strengths on their path to restoring hope and finding healing.
![Photo of Georgia Phillips, ACSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1b25d9b5-db4f-4960-b0a6-aaaba5a56d80/2/320x400.jpeg)
Georgia Phillips
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, ACSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23462
Every human being at times experiences sadness, anxiety, anger, shame, fear, hopelessness, guilt, uncertainty. But for some, their daily lives are significantly impacted. You may be struggling with your marriage, partnership, children, family, friends, employer, co-workers. Depression and anxiety may cause you to avoid doing the things that matter and/or to choose unhealthy ways of coping. Some struggle with anger issues that result in legal, relationship and/or employment problems. Others have experienced traumatic events as children and/or adults. While pain in life is inevitable, it does not have to take over our lives.
Every human being at times experiences sadness, anxiety, anger, shame, fear, hopelessness, guilt, uncertainty. But for some, their daily lives are significantly impacted. You may be struggling with your marriage, partnership, children, family, friends, employer, co-workers. Depression and anxiety may cause you to avoid doing the things that matter and/or to choose unhealthy ways of coping. Some struggle with anger issues that result in legal, relationship and/or employment problems. Others have experienced traumatic events as children and/or adults. While pain in life is inevitable, it does not have to take over our lives.
![Photo of Racquel Joyner, MS, LRC](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/943682bd-83a8-4edc-b445-6c272d50c532/2/320x400.jpeg)
Racquel Renee Joyner is a Resident in Counseling in Virginia who has been practicing since 2022. She has an Associates of Applied Science Degree with a major in Human Services from Tidewater Community College, a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology Cum Laude from Norfolk State University, and a Master of Science in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Capella University. Racquel enjoys working with children, adolescents, adults, couples, and families in wide ranges of ages.
Racquel Renee Joyner is a Resident in Counseling in Virginia who has been practicing since 2022. She has an Associates of Applied Science Degree with a major in Human Services from Tidewater Community College, a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology Cum Laude from Norfolk State University, and a Master of Science in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Capella University. Racquel enjoys working with children, adolescents, adults, couples, and families in wide ranges of ages.
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![Photo of Nikita Kay Crissinger, MS-CMHC](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/223234b5-a675-4401-bb3a-6286da21e16c/2/320x400.jpeg)
Nikita Kay Crissinger
Resident in Counseling, MS-CMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23454 (Online Only)
Are you running around all day to keep your world from falling apart? Is your big bright smile and positive attitude a suit of armor to conceal the fire inside? Do you keep yourself busy to avoid any moment of silence because that is where the fire hides? When the fire gets too big, does it leave you feeling alone, weak, and vulnerable? My name is Nikita, and I am a Resident in Counseling. My job is to help unleash the power you possess to manage the fires you're facing.
Are you running around all day to keep your world from falling apart? Is your big bright smile and positive attitude a suit of armor to conceal the fire inside? Do you keep yourself busy to avoid any moment of silence because that is where the fire hides? When the fire gets too big, does it leave you feeling alone, weak, and vulnerable? My name is Nikita, and I am a Resident in Counseling. My job is to help unleash the power you possess to manage the fires you're facing.
![Photo of April Dalby, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/826bd18d-4d12-41fb-8216-d6db718ce37f/1/320x400.png)
There is no greater joy than assisting clients in finding their strengths and ways to use their strengths to overcome life obstacles by creating a new narrative.
There is no greater joy than assisting clients in finding their strengths and ways to use their strengths to overcome life obstacles by creating a new narrative.
![Photo of Virginia A Haesler - Ginger Haesler, LCSW , Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e61edfb9-a3a1-454d-9e47-6d79dbad6ad2/1/320x400.png)
Ginger Haesler, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23451 (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
If we share our story with someone who responds with empathy and understanding, shame can't survive -Brene Brown. Life is beautiful, fun and exciting, but...it is also difficult, traumatic, overwhelming, exhausting and incredibly challenging. Our anxiety sometimes gets the best of us and it's often hard to deal with the symptoms. You don't have to suffer from unbearable anxiety. Whether it manifests itself as panic, OCD, irritability, inability to focus, sleeplessness or fear, there is a way out. With education, self awareness and coping techniques you can find your way to a more manageable and peaceful life.
If we share our story with someone who responds with empathy and understanding, shame can't survive -Brene Brown. Life is beautiful, fun and exciting, but...it is also difficult, traumatic, overwhelming, exhausting and incredibly challenging. Our anxiety sometimes gets the best of us and it's often hard to deal with the symptoms. You don't have to suffer from unbearable anxiety. Whether it manifests itself as panic, OCD, irritability, inability to focus, sleeplessness or fear, there is a way out. With education, self awareness and coping techniques you can find your way to a more manageable and peaceful life.
![Photo of Rhonda L Yancey, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/2512f526-d0a7-42d4-915a-6994f8173bbb/2/320x400.jpeg)
Rhonda L Yancey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23452 (Online Only)
I provide a nonjudgmental and compassionate atmosphere, in which you can safely explore and work feelings, thoughts, images, and beliefs that maybe keeping you from moving forward in life. I believe that for therapy to be effective, both you and I must be actively involved in developing treatment goals and assessing progress. Efforts to change self-perception, emotions and behaviors require work both in session and out of session. Therapy is a process in which you, the client gain insight, and tools that will facilitate continued growth and development after the counseling has ended.
I provide a nonjudgmental and compassionate atmosphere, in which you can safely explore and work feelings, thoughts, images, and beliefs that maybe keeping you from moving forward in life. I believe that for therapy to be effective, both you and I must be actively involved in developing treatment goals and assessing progress. Efforts to change self-perception, emotions and behaviors require work both in session and out of session. Therapy is a process in which you, the client gain insight, and tools that will facilitate continued growth and development after the counseling has ended.
![Photo of Frank Bond, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a3502ecd-df63-4261-956a-65f4261f85f6/1/320x400.jpeg)
Frank is an LPC who has been practicing since 2020. He graduated from Capella University with a Masters degree in Mental Health Counseling. Previously Frank retired from a 40 year career in business/ finance. Frank believes that the goal for therapy, generally, is to help clients discover those resources that are already part of who they are- but that they are having difficulty accessing due to trauma, mental health challenges, or any variety of Life circumstances. He is EMDR certified and often works with clients with a focus on trauma events. He also specializes in working with clients in all sorts of life transitions.
Frank is an LPC who has been practicing since 2020. He graduated from Capella University with a Masters degree in Mental Health Counseling. Previously Frank retired from a 40 year career in business/ finance. Frank believes that the goal for therapy, generally, is to help clients discover those resources that are already part of who they are- but that they are having difficulty accessing due to trauma, mental health challenges, or any variety of Life circumstances. He is EMDR certified and often works with clients with a focus on trauma events. He also specializes in working with clients in all sorts of life transitions.
![Photo of Nikki Schwartz, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/427d39d8-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/4/320x400.jpeg)
Nikki Schwartz
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23453
“A different kind of therapy experience.” You are the expert on you. Maybe you're looking for something that's not "just talking". If you're struggling with anxiety, ADHD, depression, autism, OCD, etc., this very personalized approach, can make all the difference. If that’s you, or your child, maybe this is what you've been searching for. Maybe you’ve noticed you can focus better if you’re fidgeting or playing a game, taking a walk, doodling, or petting a dog. My clients seem to think more clearly, make better decisions, feel calmer and happier, because we use these strategies in session, combined with traditional talk therapy.
“A different kind of therapy experience.” You are the expert on you. Maybe you're looking for something that's not "just talking". If you're struggling with anxiety, ADHD, depression, autism, OCD, etc., this very personalized approach, can make all the difference. If that’s you, or your child, maybe this is what you've been searching for. Maybe you’ve noticed you can focus better if you’re fidgeting or playing a game, taking a walk, doodling, or petting a dog. My clients seem to think more clearly, make better decisions, feel calmer and happier, because we use these strategies in session, combined with traditional talk therapy.
![Photo of Ashley Frantz, PhD, MA, MS, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/8138a036-03a3-484e-9fec-6fd614ae5d68/2/320x400.jpeg)
Ashley Frantz
Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD, MA, MS
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23454 (Online Only)
I work with adults and children as young as six years old. I work primarily with anxiety, depression, trauma, and military issues however I have worked with various issues. I use variety of treatment methods including DBT, CBT, art therapy, and animal therapy to best serve the client and help them treating the source of the issue not just the symptoms. I try to help the client resolve whatever their underlying difficulties are to enhance all aspects of their life.
I work with adults and children as young as six years old. I work primarily with anxiety, depression, trauma, and military issues however I have worked with various issues. I use variety of treatment methods including DBT, CBT, art therapy, and animal therapy to best serve the client and help them treating the source of the issue not just the symptoms. I try to help the client resolve whatever their underlying difficulties are to enhance all aspects of their life.
![Photo of Barry Jones, MA, LPC, ACS, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3328c1ce-1b44-41ba-af8b-a5e9d3bbc334/3/320x400.jpeg)
Barry Jones
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, ACS, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
We all face obstacles in our lives that can disrupt our daily routine and cause stress. Sometimes, it helps to have someone to talk to who can empathize with our struggles. In our therapy sessions, I will provide support and guidance but also help you achieve your goals. If certain issues are negatively impacting your personal life, relationships, work, or school, it may be time to consider making changes. Change is essential for personal growth, and there is always hope for change.
We all face obstacles in our lives that can disrupt our daily routine and cause stress. Sometimes, it helps to have someone to talk to who can empathize with our struggles. In our therapy sessions, I will provide support and guidance but also help you achieve your goals. If certain issues are negatively impacting your personal life, relationships, work, or school, it may be time to consider making changes. Change is essential for personal growth, and there is always hope for change.
![Photo of Michael J Sheffield - OCD & Anxiety Specialists](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/9b51ef6f-9a3b-4fac-8c14-a9f369a62c5b/2/320x400.png)
OCD & Anxiety Specialists
Resident in Counseling
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23452 (Online Only)
My name is Michael Sheffield and alongside obtaining my Master's degree, I have been working in the counseling field with people for 3 years. Life is hitting you hard right now and you're stuck. Maybe you feel alone. Maybe you struggle doing what you need or want to get done. Maybe you struggle with the way your mind works. Or just maybe you feel like there's not much meaning in your life. My life and training are lent towards specializing with people experiencing anxiety and OCD. The form of therapy and methods I use are considered the gold standard for working with these challenges in a way that helps the person Take Back Control.
My name is Michael Sheffield and alongside obtaining my Master's degree, I have been working in the counseling field with people for 3 years. Life is hitting you hard right now and you're stuck. Maybe you feel alone. Maybe you struggle doing what you need or want to get done. Maybe you struggle with the way your mind works. Or just maybe you feel like there's not much meaning in your life. My life and training are lent towards specializing with people experiencing anxiety and OCD. The form of therapy and methods I use are considered the gold standard for working with these challenges in a way that helps the person Take Back Control.
See more therapy options for Virginia Beach
Nearby Exposure Response Prevention (ERP) Therapists Searches for Virginia Beach
See More Exposure Response Prevention (ERP) TherapistsNearby Searches for Virginia Beach
- Achilles
- Cape Charles
- Carrollton
- Chesapeake
- Hampton
- Newport News
- Norfolk
- Poquoson
- Portsmouth
- Smithfield
- Suffolk
- Yorktown
Exposure Response Prevention (ERP) Therapists
Do I need exposure and response prevention therapy?
Many clients decide to seek help for obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors when these symptoms are distressing enough to disrupt everyday life. Any thoughts or behaviors that cause friction in close relationships are also worth addressing. In addition, the client’s symptoms don’t have to be severe for them to benefit from ERP therapy.
Is exposure and response prevention therapy part of cognitive behavioral therapy?
Exposure and response prevention is one specific type of CBT that focuses on behavioral change in response to triggering stimuli. It is related to exposure therapy but adds an additional component of preventing compulsive and harmful responses.
How long does exposure and response prevention therapy take?
While every patient is different, exposure and response prevention therapy typically lasts around 12 sessions, although some treatments can take longer. A therapist will determine if the treatment is complete based on how the client faces their fears, particularly the strongest ones. When a client feels less anxiety about stimuli that once evoked terror or distress, that is generally an indication that they are nearing the end of ERP therapy.
What are the limitations of exposure and response prevention therapy?
The most common pitfalls of exposure and response prevention therapy include not addressing a client’s core fears, allowing the client to avoid their most distressing stimuli, and using imaginary exposure when the client requires real-life exposure (and vice versa). ERP therapy is most effective when the client commits to the full course of treatment; if the client stops early or doesn’t practice what they have learned outside of therapy sessions, they are less likely to have successful outcomes.