Therapists in Alexandria City County, VA

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Photo of Ebony Canady, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ebony Canady
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314  (Online Only)
A graduate of University of California Riverside and Norfolk State University, Ebony is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 10 years of experience treating all age groups in various settings and modalities like EMDR. She is trained and certified to work with grief, intellectual disabilities, and critical incident stress debriefing. She is also comfortable with substance abuse counseling, acute mental illness and crisis intervention as well as family counseling, trauma recovery, and perinatal mental healthcare.
A graduate of University of California Riverside and Norfolk State University, Ebony is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 10 years of experience treating all age groups in various settings and modalities like EMDR. She is trained and certified to work with grief, intellectual disabilities, and critical incident stress debriefing. She is also comfortable with substance abuse counseling, acute mental illness and crisis intervention as well as family counseling, trauma recovery, and perinatal mental healthcare.
(703) 810-7279 View (703) 810-7279
Photo of Aimee Chase, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Aimee Chase
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314  (Online Only)
I enjoy working with clients of all genders who are coping with anxiety, ADHD, co-dependency, low self-esteem, addiction, depression, life transitions, grief, identity and existential issues. I also have extensive experience working with people who are struggling with ambivalence surrounding change, goal-setting, and motivation.
I enjoy working with clients of all genders who are coping with anxiety, ADHD, co-dependency, low self-esteem, addiction, depression, life transitions, grief, identity and existential issues. I also have extensive experience working with people who are struggling with ambivalence surrounding change, goal-setting, and motivation.
(703) 997-2666 View (703) 997-2666
Photo of Judith Moses, MSW, LCSW, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Judith Moses
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314
We all have moments in our life where we need support and encouragement. My primary focus is to provide clients with a safe and trusting environment with a compassionate treatment model. As we work together, we will build a therapeutic approach that feels comfortable and meaningful to you. My areas of expertise begin with using a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy approach, Psychoanalytic and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy which concentrates on learning, Mindfulness, Interpersonal Effectiveness, Emotion Regulation and Distress Tolerance. I also offer spiritual support for those who are seeking spiritual counseling.
We all have moments in our life where we need support and encouragement. My primary focus is to provide clients with a safe and trusting environment with a compassionate treatment model. As we work together, we will build a therapeutic approach that feels comfortable and meaningful to you. My areas of expertise begin with using a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy approach, Psychoanalytic and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy which concentrates on learning, Mindfulness, Interpersonal Effectiveness, Emotion Regulation and Distress Tolerance. I also offer spiritual support for those who are seeking spiritual counseling.
(571) 982-8076 View (571) 982-8076
Photo of Jasmine Felder, LPC, MEd, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jasmine Felder
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314
Therapy is a personal journey that requires safety and trust. No two journeys are the same, but I believe every journey is worth it. I would be honored to join you as you embark or continue your therapy journey and progress down your own path. I have over five years of experience working with Adults in the Northern Virginia area with an array of diagnoses including depression, anxiety, substance use, personality disorders, and symptoms of psychosis.
Therapy is a personal journey that requires safety and trust. No two journeys are the same, but I believe every journey is worth it. I would be honored to join you as you embark or continue your therapy journey and progress down your own path. I have over five years of experience working with Adults in the Northern Virginia area with an array of diagnoses including depression, anxiety, substance use, personality disorders, and symptoms of psychosis.
(703) 782-3649 View (703) 782-3649
Photo of Shelby Grant-Workman, LCSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Shelby Grant-Workman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314
Life is a journey of ups and downs. If you're facing uncertainty, feeling anxious/down, or navigating difficult transitions, you are not alone. Seeking support is a brave step toward finding change and fulfillment in your life. With a background as a preschool teacher and as a licensed clinical social worker, I bring a unique set of skills to create a safe space for children, teens, caregivers, and adults. In my practice, I utilize an eclectic approach and believe in the power of a strong therapeutic alliance with clients.
Life is a journey of ups and downs. If you're facing uncertainty, feeling anxious/down, or navigating difficult transitions, you are not alone. Seeking support is a brave step toward finding change and fulfillment in your life. With a background as a preschool teacher and as a licensed clinical social worker, I bring a unique set of skills to create a safe space for children, teens, caregivers, and adults. In my practice, I utilize an eclectic approach and believe in the power of a strong therapeutic alliance with clients.
(571) 554-5176 View (571) 554-5176
Photo of Melinda McGarvey, LCSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melinda McGarvey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314
Are you feeling anxious, overwhelmed, frustrated or misunderstood? Do you ever feel exhausted or resentful from trying to make sure everyone else is happy, trying not to rock the boat and putting your own needs last? Are you a high-achiever who has met all the qualifications and still feels nagging self-doubt? If you want to feel safer and more comfortable in your interactions with others, I would like to help you understand your emotions and improve balance and connection in your relationships. My therapy style is open, warm and collaborative, and I create space for you to feel truly accepted, present and hopeful.
Are you feeling anxious, overwhelmed, frustrated or misunderstood? Do you ever feel exhausted or resentful from trying to make sure everyone else is happy, trying not to rock the boat and putting your own needs last? Are you a high-achiever who has met all the qualifications and still feels nagging self-doubt? If you want to feel safer and more comfortable in your interactions with others, I would like to help you understand your emotions and improve balance and connection in your relationships. My therapy style is open, warm and collaborative, and I create space for you to feel truly accepted, present and hopeful.
(571) 200-7697 View (571) 200-7697
Photo of Iris Elizabeth Baly, PhD, Psychologist
Iris Elizabeth Baly
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22304  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
The majority of clients( 75%) that I have worked with over the last eight years in my private practice, tended to be female, of diverse groups, ages 23-80 y.o., presenting with issues associated with relationship conflicts/dynamics, work conflicts, impairment in work performance, etc. The adjustment to which creates disturbances in mood-depression, anxiety, self-doubt, low self-esteem as well as different degrees of impairment in functioning, ie, sleep, appetite, energy level, social withdrawal. They are motivated to seek relief from the emotional distress they experience, and are motivated to fully engage/participate in treatment.
The majority of clients( 75%) that I have worked with over the last eight years in my private practice, tended to be female, of diverse groups, ages 23-80 y.o., presenting with issues associated with relationship conflicts/dynamics, work conflicts, impairment in work performance, etc. The adjustment to which creates disturbances in mood-depression, anxiety, self-doubt, low self-esteem as well as different degrees of impairment in functioning, ie, sleep, appetite, energy level, social withdrawal. They are motivated to seek relief from the emotional distress they experience, and are motivated to fully engage/participate in treatment.
(571) 487-8533 View (571) 487-8533
Photo of Deborah Asher Hertzberg, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Deborah Asher Hertzberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314
People in distress are often wary of talking to someone who is a stranger. The first visit is generally fraught with anxiety. I am adept at teasing out the issues and helping a person (of any age) feel comfortable and understood. I expect that many clients will come to my office with a certain amount of ambivalence about engaging in psychotherapy. Generally, by the time they leave after the first visit, they are eager to return having felt a sense of relief and hope that they are going to be understood and "heard" in a unique way.
People in distress are often wary of talking to someone who is a stranger. The first visit is generally fraught with anxiety. I am adept at teasing out the issues and helping a person (of any age) feel comfortable and understood. I expect that many clients will come to my office with a certain amount of ambivalence about engaging in psychotherapy. Generally, by the time they leave after the first visit, they are eager to return having felt a sense of relief and hope that they are going to be understood and "heard" in a unique way.
(703) 436-8910 View (703) 436-8910
Photo of Anna Eng, PsyD, Psychologist
Anna Eng
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22301
If you struggle with self worth, self-esteem, depression, anxiety, ADHD, insomia/sleep disorders, women's health, and/or general health psych related problems such as chronic pain, acceptance of a new medical diagnosis, etc., I can provide the tools to assist you in navigating the complexity of these issues.
If you struggle with self worth, self-esteem, depression, anxiety, ADHD, insomia/sleep disorders, women's health, and/or general health psych related problems such as chronic pain, acceptance of a new medical diagnosis, etc., I can provide the tools to assist you in navigating the complexity of these issues.
(571) 200-5172 x508 View (571) 200-5172 x508
Photo of Cherie Taylor, LCPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Cherie Taylor
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314  (Online Only)
Congratulations on making a commitment to invest in your growth and positive life changes! Therapy isn't always easy, but if you are willing to do the work, I can provide the tools needed to help you be your best self. I have dedicated my professional career to helping people help themselves through life's biggest challenges. I have experience working with teens and adults in obtaining and maintaining every facet of healthy living. I adhere to a strengths-based, CBT approach that is client-centered and solution-focused.
Congratulations on making a commitment to invest in your growth and positive life changes! Therapy isn't always easy, but if you are willing to do the work, I can provide the tools needed to help you be your best self. I have dedicated my professional career to helping people help themselves through life's biggest challenges. I have experience working with teens and adults in obtaining and maintaining every facet of healthy living. I adhere to a strengths-based, CBT approach that is client-centered and solution-focused.
(571) 496-9740 View (571) 496-9740
Photo of Carolina Duval - Pearl Vitality Counseling, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Pearl Vitality Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22304
BILINGUAL (SPANISH/ENGLISH SPEAKING) THERAPIST .I believe the purpose of therapy is for you to more deeply discover who you are, what you want, and how to get it. During therapy, I will do my best to honor your personal experiences and perspective. You can count on me to provide you with honest feedback, and to offer suggestions based on my clinical training and life experiences. I encourage your active participation and collaboration as we develop our therapeutic relationship and work to meet your chosen goals.
BILINGUAL (SPANISH/ENGLISH SPEAKING) THERAPIST .I believe the purpose of therapy is for you to more deeply discover who you are, what you want, and how to get it. During therapy, I will do my best to honor your personal experiences and perspective. You can count on me to provide you with honest feedback, and to offer suggestions based on my clinical training and life experiences. I encourage your active participation and collaboration as we develop our therapeutic relationship and work to meet your chosen goals.
(703) 260-9352 View (703) 260-9352
Photo of January Gedamu - Larkspur Counseling Services, LLC, LCSW, ACSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Larkspur Counseling Services, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
As parents, you establish the teaching, training and expectations for your child in the first 7 years of their life. After that, you live out what you set up. Parenting is one of the most rewarding and difficult journeys in a person's life and at times, it may become overwhelming. I provide parenting consultations, as well as, counseling, support and education to new and expectant parents.
As parents, you establish the teaching, training and expectations for your child in the first 7 years of their life. After that, you live out what you set up. Parenting is one of the most rewarding and difficult journeys in a person's life and at times, it may become overwhelming. I provide parenting consultations, as well as, counseling, support and education to new and expectant parents.
(571) 364-7460 View (571) 364-7460
Photo of Shane Sibley Fagan, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Shane Sibley Fagan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314
Welcome to my therapy practice. We can all feel 'stuck' or overwhelmed at times, and our lives can be impacted by negative behavioral patterns, difficulty in relationships, and ongoing struggles with pain and suffering. Therapy is a process where, as partners, we move towards having a deeper understanding of yourself, your feelings and reactions, and your relationships. We will work to improve your ability to cope with challenges, to make progress towards personal goals, and to experience positive changes that allow increased satisfaction with self, life, and relationships. I look forward to starting this process with you!
Welcome to my therapy practice. We can all feel 'stuck' or overwhelmed at times, and our lives can be impacted by negative behavioral patterns, difficulty in relationships, and ongoing struggles with pain and suffering. Therapy is a process where, as partners, we move towards having a deeper understanding of yourself, your feelings and reactions, and your relationships. We will work to improve your ability to cope with challenges, to make progress towards personal goals, and to experience positive changes that allow increased satisfaction with self, life, and relationships. I look forward to starting this process with you!
(703) 997-6221 View (703) 997-6221
Photo of Rebecca Loesberg, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rebecca Loesberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22301  (Online Only)
I specialize in helping women in their 20’s and 30’s work through anxiety, ADHD, people-pleasing, perfectionism and burnout. Do you feel burned out and exhausted by "going through the motions" of everyday life? Are often overwhelmed, stressed, and feeling like there must be a way to make it all easier? I know how it feels to be stuck in a cycle of behaviors that seem too hard to change. It can also be so hard when everyoned else's priorities seem to cloud what you actually want. Together, we will discover and honor your emotions, figure out what matters most to you, and head in that direction.
I specialize in helping women in their 20’s and 30’s work through anxiety, ADHD, people-pleasing, perfectionism and burnout. Do you feel burned out and exhausted by "going through the motions" of everyday life? Are often overwhelmed, stressed, and feeling like there must be a way to make it all easier? I know how it feels to be stuck in a cycle of behaviors that seem too hard to change. It can also be so hard when everyoned else's priorities seem to cloud what you actually want. Together, we will discover and honor your emotions, figure out what matters most to you, and head in that direction.
(571) 901-1376 View (571) 901-1376
Photo of Katie Boggs, MA, ATR-P, Pre-Licensed Professional
Katie Boggs
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, ATR-P
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314
I offer clients a safe and non judgmental space to explore thoughts, emotions, and experiences. Sessions can be used to explore experiences in relationships, feelings of stress, desired changes, or symptoms associated with mental health. Clients who are interested in additional self-exploration can benefit from my talk-therapy approaches, as well as exploring emotions through the art making process. Art therapy is a creative option for clients who may feel stuck and can’t find the words to describe how they are feeling or for clients who desire visual and hands-on modes of processing.
I offer clients a safe and non judgmental space to explore thoughts, emotions, and experiences. Sessions can be used to explore experiences in relationships, feelings of stress, desired changes, or symptoms associated with mental health. Clients who are interested in additional self-exploration can benefit from my talk-therapy approaches, as well as exploring emotions through the art making process. Art therapy is a creative option for clients who may feel stuck and can’t find the words to describe how they are feeling or for clients who desire visual and hands-on modes of processing.
(571) 470-6679 View (571) 470-6679
Photo of Kristin Nygaard-Daugherty, MA , LPC-R, Pre-Licensed Professional
Kristin Nygaard-Daugherty
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA , LPC-R
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314
Taking the leap to find a therapist can feel overwhelming. The thought of talking to a complete stranger about the deepest darkest parts of your mind may feel frightening, but seeking help is something to celebrate. If you are searching for someone to help lighten the load of the weight of the world or even just the thoughts swirling around in your mind, I am here to help.
Taking the leap to find a therapist can feel overwhelming. The thought of talking to a complete stranger about the deepest darkest parts of your mind may feel frightening, but seeking help is something to celebrate. If you are searching for someone to help lighten the load of the weight of the world or even just the thoughts swirling around in your mind, I am here to help.
(540) 845-6940 x1 View (540) 845-6940 x1
Photo of Danielle K Honeywood, MDiv, MS
Danielle K Honeywood
Resident in Counseling, MDiv, MS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314
I enjoy working with clients from a variety of cultures and backgrounds. I believe that each person who seek counseling is ready for change. It is my role as a counselor to partner with the client on their journey to wholeness and healing by using interventions based on comprehensive assessments to determine the client's therapeutic needs.
I enjoy working with clients from a variety of cultures and backgrounds. I believe that each person who seek counseling is ready for change. It is my role as a counselor to partner with the client on their journey to wholeness and healing by using interventions based on comprehensive assessments to determine the client's therapeutic needs.
(571) 200-8361 View (571) 200-8361
Photo of Beverley Boothe - Life Enrichment Counseling Center, Inc., PhD, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Life Enrichment Counseling Center, Inc.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314
At Life Enrichment Counseling Center, we are committed to providing you with the support and compassion that is important to you in your time of need. We are all resilient and have the desire and ability to heal and lead fulfilling and meaningful lives. However, there are times and situations where we need professional help to overcome devastating feelings and life events. We fully appreciate that, and we look forward to personally meeting with you and will strive to do our best to help find the best solutions for your situation.
At Life Enrichment Counseling Center, we are committed to providing you with the support and compassion that is important to you in your time of need. We are all resilient and have the desire and ability to heal and lead fulfilling and meaningful lives. However, there are times and situations where we need professional help to overcome devastating feelings and life events. We fully appreciate that, and we look forward to personally meeting with you and will strive to do our best to help find the best solutions for your situation.
(703) 822-7205 View (703) 822-7205
Photo of Heidi Elliot, MA, NCC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Heidi Elliot
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
10 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314
Life doesn’t often go according to our plans. Unmet needs and expectations can leave deep and invisible scars. That doesn’t mean you’re broken, it means you’re human. I work with individuals to increase self-acceptance and self-awareness, build empathy, and improve the quality of their relationships. My hope is to support your journey to express, explore, and discover who you are and who you want to be.
Life doesn’t often go according to our plans. Unmet needs and expectations can leave deep and invisible scars. That doesn’t mean you’re broken, it means you’re human. I work with individuals to increase self-acceptance and self-awareness, build empathy, and improve the quality of their relationships. My hope is to support your journey to express, explore, and discover who you are and who you want to be.
(571) 366-7694 View (571) 366-7694
Photo of George Coyne, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
George Coyne
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314
Hi, thank you for reading about how I provide counseling to people. I believe that people argue because they do not feel understood or feel that anyone is listening. There are similarities between teenagers and couples in how they argue. "If this person would just listen to what I am saying things would be better." We want to be understood, cared for and loved. Many people these days do not feel any of these. I work with people so that they are able to attain the feelings that they desire. I have had the pleasure to work with people who feel like things are impossible to fix and to help them feel better.
Hi, thank you for reading about how I provide counseling to people. I believe that people argue because they do not feel understood or feel that anyone is listening. There are similarities between teenagers and couples in how they argue. "If this person would just listen to what I am saying things would be better." We want to be understood, cared for and loved. Many people these days do not feel any of these. I work with people so that they are able to attain the feelings that they desire. I have had the pleasure to work with people who feel like things are impossible to fix and to help them feel better.
(703) 328-4112 View (703) 328-4112

See more therapy options for Alexandria City County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Alexandria City County, VA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Alexandria City County, VA who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
93% Depression
82% Self Esteem
77% Stress
76% Relationship Issues
76% Coping Skills
71% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% Cigna and Evernorth
65% CareFirst

How Therapists in Alexandria City County, VA see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

85% Female
14% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Alexandria City County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.