Therapists in Ferndale, MI

Photo of Ayana Simmons, PsyD, LP, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Ayana Simmons
Limited Licensed Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220  (Online Only)
Development of a healthy therapeutic relationship can be a beneficial experience. The process of establishing this relationship entails personal time to explore thoughts, emotions, wants, hopes and dreams in a safe and supportive therapeutic environment.
Development of a healthy therapeutic relationship can be a beneficial experience. The process of establishing this relationship entails personal time to explore thoughts, emotions, wants, hopes and dreams in a safe and supportive therapeutic environment.
(313) 992-7464 View (313) 992-7464
Photo of Michael T Carroll, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michael T Carroll
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Our emotional landscapes are frequently influenced by both current and past experiences, challenges, or traumas. Inner struggles might manifest as anxiety or depression. Perhaps it's simply a sense that something isn't quite right. By addressing difficult emotions or experiences, it can help to cope. I will listen to what is on your mind and we will work through it together.
Our emotional landscapes are frequently influenced by both current and past experiences, challenges, or traumas. Inner struggles might manifest as anxiety or depression. Perhaps it's simply a sense that something isn't quite right. By addressing difficult emotions or experiences, it can help to cope. I will listen to what is on your mind and we will work through it together.
(248) 422-0190 View (248) 422-0190
Photo of Nina Goebel, MA, LPC, ATR, Licensed Professional Counselor
Nina Goebel
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, ATR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Waitlist for new clients
Life has many challenges and sometimes they seem overwhelming. Whether you are going through a life transition, struggling with relationship issues, feeling stuck or experiencing other difficult emotions, you and I will work as a team to address your challenges. As a therapist, my goal is to listen to your needs and cultivate a constructive therapeutic relationship of equals. In a non-judgmental and supportive environment, we will develop tools that help you move forward and let you take action toward positive change. I hope to provide a safe space where you feel comfortable sharing your thoughts and feelings.
Life has many challenges and sometimes they seem overwhelming. Whether you are going through a life transition, struggling with relationship issues, feeling stuck or experiencing other difficult emotions, you and I will work as a team to address your challenges. As a therapist, my goal is to listen to your needs and cultivate a constructive therapeutic relationship of equals. In a non-judgmental and supportive environment, we will develop tools that help you move forward and let you take action toward positive change. I hope to provide a safe space where you feel comfortable sharing your thoughts and feelings.
(248) 290-8143 View (248) 290-8143
Photo of Tiffany Ann Murray, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tiffany Ann Murray
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220  (Online Only)
Feeling lost, alone, maybe intimidated by the changes that this time of uncertainty can bring? Transitions in life can leave us questioning our identities and self concept. I have a specialized focus working with those experiencing the adjustment of family planning, pregnancy, parenthood and loss, each can be isolating bringing about identity shifts, confusion and the mourning of what once was with the adjustment to the new norm. These transitions can also cause stress and strain in our interpersonal relationships.
Feeling lost, alone, maybe intimidated by the changes that this time of uncertainty can bring? Transitions in life can leave us questioning our identities and self concept. I have a specialized focus working with those experiencing the adjustment of family planning, pregnancy, parenthood and loss, each can be isolating bringing about identity shifts, confusion and the mourning of what once was with the adjustment to the new norm. These transitions can also cause stress and strain in our interpersonal relationships.
(248) 469-0692 View (248) 469-0692
Photo of Christopher Bober, PsyD, Psychologist
Christopher Bober
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Not accepting new clients
Have you been wondering for a long time about how you might become more like the person you yearn to be or how you can find more enjoyment or self-expression in your life? Or perhaps, you would like to deepen your connection to others or would like to resolve strong feelings about past experiences? Then you are like many of the people I see in my practice. I will approach our therapeutic alliance with positive affirmation, empathy, and thoughtfulness. I will also bring a wide-range and depth of experience to our collaboration. Once you feel understood, we can begin to work towards your goals.
Have you been wondering for a long time about how you might become more like the person you yearn to be or how you can find more enjoyment or self-expression in your life? Or perhaps, you would like to deepen your connection to others or would like to resolve strong feelings about past experiences? Then you are like many of the people I see in my practice. I will approach our therapeutic alliance with positive affirmation, empathy, and thoughtfulness. I will also bring a wide-range and depth of experience to our collaboration. Once you feel understood, we can begin to work towards your goals.
(248) 509-9577 View (248) 509-9577
Photo of Wenday Edwards, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Wenday Edwards
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220  (Online Only)
Are you tired of repeating the same patterns, causing you worry and self-doubt? Do you feel as if you are going through the motions and are exhausted at the end of another long day? You want to find more time to build and sustain meaningful relationships and to understand your true calling however, must learn to make yourself a priority in doing so. Others quality of lives may seem easier, more balanced, while your struggling to maintain a sense of control amidst the storm. You deserve to feel settled within your life while reducing your: worry, anxiety, depression, trauma and increasing your career path, relationships, self-esteem
Are you tired of repeating the same patterns, causing you worry and self-doubt? Do you feel as if you are going through the motions and are exhausted at the end of another long day? You want to find more time to build and sustain meaningful relationships and to understand your true calling however, must learn to make yourself a priority in doing so. Others quality of lives may seem easier, more balanced, while your struggling to maintain a sense of control amidst the storm. You deserve to feel settled within your life while reducing your: worry, anxiety, depression, trauma and increasing your career path, relationships, self-esteem
(248) 792-8273 View (248) 792-8273
Photo of Sarah Cricket, MA, LPC, Counselor
Sarah Cricket
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220  (Online Only)
My clients come to me for a safe space where they feel respected and supported as they explore their inner experiences. I attentively listen, reflect, and guide with curiosity and compassion. Individuals seeking a deeper understanding of their lives, relationships, careers, and/or identities are well-matched to my approach to therapy. We will spend our first session discussing what you hope to get from therapy. From there we will chart a unique course that may involve processing past experiences, sitting together through challenging emotions, and getting creative with activities based on your goals or needs.
My clients come to me for a safe space where they feel respected and supported as they explore their inner experiences. I attentively listen, reflect, and guide with curiosity and compassion. Individuals seeking a deeper understanding of their lives, relationships, careers, and/or identities are well-matched to my approach to therapy. We will spend our first session discussing what you hope to get from therapy. From there we will chart a unique course that may involve processing past experiences, sitting together through challenging emotions, and getting creative with activities based on your goals or needs.
(947) 217-7683 View (947) 217-7683
Photo of Janel Wetzel, LMSW, CCTP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Janel Wetzel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
You're ready to take on the past and start the healing journey. You're ready to find the root cause for your current anxiety and depression symptoms. You're ready to improve your overall quality of life. I specialize in trauma survivors of childhood abuse, sexual abuse, and incest. Additionally, with adults who are interested in processing childhood experiences, as well as current stressors.
You're ready to take on the past and start the healing journey. You're ready to find the root cause for your current anxiety and depression symptoms. You're ready to improve your overall quality of life. I specialize in trauma survivors of childhood abuse, sexual abuse, and incest. Additionally, with adults who are interested in processing childhood experiences, as well as current stressors.
(517) 225-1848 View (517) 225-1848
Photo of Tierra Wallace, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tierra Wallace
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220  (Online Only)
Have you been worried, sad, stressed, or even facing daily challenges that seem unbearable to manage? Trying to manage our emotions can be difficult, and at times, our mind and body are trying to warn us to stop and take some time to focus on ourselves, but we ignore it. I’ve experienced this myself and am still learning new ways to cope. These are common feelings that most of us experience when we are struggling to heal and regulate our thoughts and emotions due to life stressors. I understand it can be scary to take that leap in seeking help, but you’ve already accomplished the first step of browsing for resources, which is great!
Have you been worried, sad, stressed, or even facing daily challenges that seem unbearable to manage? Trying to manage our emotions can be difficult, and at times, our mind and body are trying to warn us to stop and take some time to focus on ourselves, but we ignore it. I’ve experienced this myself and am still learning new ways to cope. These are common feelings that most of us experience when we are struggling to heal and regulate our thoughts and emotions due to life stressors. I understand it can be scary to take that leap in seeking help, but you’ve already accomplished the first step of browsing for resources, which is great!
(248) 963-8951 View (248) 963-8951
Photo of Dana Manning, MS, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Dana Manning
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MS
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
My experience is working with individuals exposed to trauma, interpersonal issues, and mood dysregulation, such as anxiety and depression. I have significant experience working with individuals with autism across various environments. Starting therapy can be nerve-wracking, and finding a therapist is an important decision to best suit your needs. I hope to have the opportunity to work with you and identify if we would be a good fit. My focus in therapy is to build a safe, open, and warm environment, and to use this as an opportunity to help you practice and hone skills learned in therapy that can be transferred to your daily life.
My experience is working with individuals exposed to trauma, interpersonal issues, and mood dysregulation, such as anxiety and depression. I have significant experience working with individuals with autism across various environments. Starting therapy can be nerve-wracking, and finding a therapist is an important decision to best suit your needs. I hope to have the opportunity to work with you and identify if we would be a good fit. My focus in therapy is to build a safe, open, and warm environment, and to use this as an opportunity to help you practice and hone skills learned in therapy that can be transferred to your daily life.
(248) 710-0916 View (248) 710-0916
Photo of Caitie Fey, LPC, CCTP, RYT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Caitie Fey
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CCTP, RYT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Waitlist for new clients
I enjoy working with individuals and couples who are ready for change and come to therapy for guidance, support, and coping strategies to help them on their way. I especially love to work with people who want to understand the mind-body connection and are open to integrative methods of healing. The therapeutic relationship can be magical! In the safety of this relationship, you can start to tap into your own inner wisdom and knowledge. Witnessing and learning from this transformation is my favorite part of being a therapist.
I enjoy working with individuals and couples who are ready for change and come to therapy for guidance, support, and coping strategies to help them on their way. I especially love to work with people who want to understand the mind-body connection and are open to integrative methods of healing. The therapeutic relationship can be magical! In the safety of this relationship, you can start to tap into your own inner wisdom and knowledge. Witnessing and learning from this transformation is my favorite part of being a therapist.
(248) 780-7501 View (248) 780-7501
Photo of Mark McMillan, LMSW, CAADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mark McMillan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CAADC
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
***Currently offering both in-person and Telehealth appointments *** At McMillan Behavioral Health and Addiction Services (MBHS), gaining your respect and trust is our first goal. We understand that no matter the issues you are currently navigating, we can work together to equip you with the necessary tools and skills to face and overcome these challenges together. If you’re struggling with non-addiction issues, we want you to know that gaining your trust is also our first priority. We can help you learn the behavioral health skills necessary to improve your mood and your life overall!
***Currently offering both in-person and Telehealth appointments *** At McMillan Behavioral Health and Addiction Services (MBHS), gaining your respect and trust is our first goal. We understand that no matter the issues you are currently navigating, we can work together to equip you with the necessary tools and skills to face and overcome these challenges together. If you’re struggling with non-addiction issues, we want you to know that gaining your trust is also our first priority. We can help you learn the behavioral health skills necessary to improve your mood and your life overall!
(248) 422-0891 View (248) 422-0891
Photo of Marshae Anderson, LPC, MA, Counselor
Marshae Anderson
Counselor, LPC, MA
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
Are you feeling stuck? Feeling lost? Were you abandoned or abused? As a Counselor, I understand the impact that trauma has on individuals. My passion and purpose are to assist you in living a productive life despite your past. My goal is to create a safe space where empathy, compassion, and healing can lead to growth. I will provide different skills and techniques for a recovery towards self-actualization. There is hope on the other side of whatever you are going through. Let us take this journey together. If you or someone you know is frustrated with living in the same downward spiral, do not give up hope; give my office a call.
Are you feeling stuck? Feeling lost? Were you abandoned or abused? As a Counselor, I understand the impact that trauma has on individuals. My passion and purpose are to assist you in living a productive life despite your past. My goal is to create a safe space where empathy, compassion, and healing can lead to growth. I will provide different skills and techniques for a recovery towards self-actualization. There is hope on the other side of whatever you are going through. Let us take this journey together. If you or someone you know is frustrated with living in the same downward spiral, do not give up hope; give my office a call.
(248) 720-6551 View (248) 720-6551
Photo of Janis Alousi, MA, LPC, NCC, MMus, MT-BC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Janis Alousi
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, MMus, MT-BC
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
I am committed to helping guide those seeking to recover and rebalance their lives when struggling with emotional challenges, life stressors or transitions. I strive to empower others to find creative solutions to a happier and more fulfilling life.
I am committed to helping guide those seeking to recover and rebalance their lives when struggling with emotional challenges, life stressors or transitions. I strive to empower others to find creative solutions to a happier and more fulfilling life.
(734) 366-4906 View (734) 366-4906
Photo of Mariena Celene Jones, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mariena Celene Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Waitlist for new clients
When life feels overwhelming, hard to navigate, or burdensome, therapy can offer a consistent and safe environment of support. I believe in integrating all aspects of the individual into the therapeutic experience to view challenges through a holistic approach. You are a full spectrum person, and by incorporating the body, spirit, and mind in therapy, we can work together to develop an improved quality of life and achieve your goals. As your therapist it is important to me to develop a collaborative and trusting relationship with you, serving as the foundation for growth. I believe in therapy as a support to feel confident and free.
When life feels overwhelming, hard to navigate, or burdensome, therapy can offer a consistent and safe environment of support. I believe in integrating all aspects of the individual into the therapeutic experience to view challenges through a holistic approach. You are a full spectrum person, and by incorporating the body, spirit, and mind in therapy, we can work together to develop an improved quality of life and achieve your goals. As your therapist it is important to me to develop a collaborative and trusting relationship with you, serving as the foundation for growth. I believe in therapy as a support to feel confident and free.
(248) 846-1628 View (248) 846-1628
Photo of Matthew John McCormick, PhD, LP, Psychologist
Matthew John McCormick
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
Hello! I'm a licensed psychologist experienced in helping people with adjustment problems, grief work, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, OCD, PTSD, and other psychological problems in individual therapy. I feel creating a supportive, judgment-free environment is key in developing a positive therapeutic relationship and have experience with cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, and humanistic perspectives. I also want to help clients understand how their body's stress response can impact their mental and physical well-being. I believe therapy works best when we can work collaboratively to tailor the treatment to best fit your needs.
Hello! I'm a licensed psychologist experienced in helping people with adjustment problems, grief work, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, OCD, PTSD, and other psychological problems in individual therapy. I feel creating a supportive, judgment-free environment is key in developing a positive therapeutic relationship and have experience with cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, and humanistic perspectives. I also want to help clients understand how their body's stress response can impact their mental and physical well-being. I believe therapy works best when we can work collaboratively to tailor the treatment to best fit your needs.
(248) 236-1105 View (248) 236-1105
Photo of Alaina Randall, MA, LLPC, NCC, Counselor
Alaina Randall
Counselor, MA, LLPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Welcome! It's a pleasure to meet you! I'm Alaina Randall, a clinical mental health counselor in the State of Michigan. I work with individuals with a special focus on maternal mental health and life transitions. I have a burden for holistic wellness, and before I even meet you, I'm committed to your personal journey of healing, internal growth, and self-discovery. I take an eclectic approach to therapy, meaning there's never a "one-size-fits all," approach. Your story, your trauma, your life - is unique.
Welcome! It's a pleasure to meet you! I'm Alaina Randall, a clinical mental health counselor in the State of Michigan. I work with individuals with a special focus on maternal mental health and life transitions. I have a burden for holistic wellness, and before I even meet you, I'm committed to your personal journey of healing, internal growth, and self-discovery. I take an eclectic approach to therapy, meaning there's never a "one-size-fits all," approach. Your story, your trauma, your life - is unique.
(248) 780-8852 View (248) 780-8852
Photo of Paula Kirsch, LMSW-C, LCSW, P-CST™, CST, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Paula Kirsch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW-C, LCSW, P-CST™, CST
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220  (Online Only)
Are you having relationship problems, sexual difficulties, or Post Election ANXIETY? I specialize in working with women and couples seeking sex therapy and couples counseling to improve intimacy and communication and to deal with desire discrepancy and conflict. I work with women's sexual health issues: vaginismus, sexual trauma, past abuse, pelvic pain, low desire. There is help, don't suffer! Call me. I offer a client-centered approach and trauma-informed care to help you as a unique individual or couple. I am honored to work with you. Together we can also address ANXIETY, grief and loss, depression, PTSD, and more!
Are you having relationship problems, sexual difficulties, or Post Election ANXIETY? I specialize in working with women and couples seeking sex therapy and couples counseling to improve intimacy and communication and to deal with desire discrepancy and conflict. I work with women's sexual health issues: vaginismus, sexual trauma, past abuse, pelvic pain, low desire. There is help, don't suffer! Call me. I offer a client-centered approach and trauma-informed care to help you as a unique individual or couple. I am honored to work with you. Together we can also address ANXIETY, grief and loss, depression, PTSD, and more!
(248) 955-2676 View (248) 955-2676
Photo of Rachel M Levy, LLMSW
Rachel M Levy
Master Social Worker, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Not accepting new clients
People make the choice to seek out therapy for many reasons. You might be gearing up for a transition of some sort, seeking specific feedback on a behavior or choice, experiencing a life-change, working through a trauma, or just getting curious about what mental health therapy could offer you. Whatever is bringing you to read this bio, I welcome you and I applaud your courage in taking this step in your wellness journey.
People make the choice to seek out therapy for many reasons. You might be gearing up for a transition of some sort, seeking specific feedback on a behavior or choice, experiencing a life-change, working through a trauma, or just getting curious about what mental health therapy could offer you. Whatever is bringing you to read this bio, I welcome you and I applaud your courage in taking this step in your wellness journey.
(248) 780-0953 View (248) 780-0953
Photo of Courtney Davis Sommers, Pre-Licensed Professional
Courtney Davis Sommers
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
I work with adults and teens (15+) navigating anxiety, depression, life transitions, and relationship issues. Passionate about relationships, I also help couples who are interested in achieving greater authenticity and understanding. My goal is to support you in finding growth and healing through personalized, client-centered therapy.
I work with adults and teens (15+) navigating anxiety, depression, life transitions, and relationship issues. Passionate about relationships, I also help couples who are interested in achieving greater authenticity and understanding. My goal is to support you in finding growth and healing through personalized, client-centered therapy.
(947) 243-4649 View (947) 243-4649
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Ferndale, MI

300+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Ferndale, MI who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
91% Depression
85% Self Esteem
80% Relationship Issues
77% Trauma and PTSD
77% Stress
74% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
71% Aetna
64% Blue Care Network

How Therapists in Ferndale, MI see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
17% Male
5% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Ferndale?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.