Therapists in Philadelphia, PA

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Photo of Jamie Steiner, LCSW, PMH-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jamie Steiner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PMH-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102
Not accepting new clients
Are you a high achiever struggling with anxiety or navigating a difficult life change? You knew life comes with stressors, but you weren’t expecting to feel this overwhelmed by your career, relationships, or starting a family. When my clients come to see me, their worrying and worst-case scenarios are sending them spiraling, & the pressure to constantly be productive is looming over them. You don't want to continue on this unsustainable path any longer. If you're ready to let go of anxiety and perfectionism, and find support and relief, you're in the right place. I’m here to help you get unstuck without sacrificing your well-being.
Are you a high achiever struggling with anxiety or navigating a difficult life change? You knew life comes with stressors, but you weren’t expecting to feel this overwhelmed by your career, relationships, or starting a family. When my clients come to see me, their worrying and worst-case scenarios are sending them spiraling, & the pressure to constantly be productive is looming over them. You don't want to continue on this unsustainable path any longer. If you're ready to let go of anxiety and perfectionism, and find support and relief, you're in the right place. I’m here to help you get unstuck without sacrificing your well-being.
(267) 619-7258 View (267) 619-7258
Photo of Chelsea Lightbourn - Peace, Love, & Therapy with Chelsea, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Peace, Love, & Therapy with Chelsea
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19146
Just like my clients, I am a person/clinician, with many layers. Starting my career from the basis of a counseling degree rooted in trauma, I've worked with a spectrum of disorders over the past 7 years of my career. If you decide to make the empowered choice to step into this safe space you'll be met with my humor, specialized treatment in ADHD/ADD, use of dialectical behavior therapy & other modalities, and care for borderline personality disorders, women's issues, and relationship issues. With neurodivergent-friendly tactics, I can help clients to set and reach goals based on their own specialized parameters.
Just like my clients, I am a person/clinician, with many layers. Starting my career from the basis of a counseling degree rooted in trauma, I've worked with a spectrum of disorders over the past 7 years of my career. If you decide to make the empowered choice to step into this safe space you'll be met with my humor, specialized treatment in ADHD/ADD, use of dialectical behavior therapy & other modalities, and care for borderline personality disorders, women's issues, and relationship issues. With neurodivergent-friendly tactics, I can help clients to set and reach goals based on their own specialized parameters.
(215) 798-7694 View (215) 798-7694
Photo of Molly Hayes Wolfe, LMFT, MS, Marriage & Family Therapist
Molly Hayes Wolfe
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MS
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am very passionate about my work and consider it a gift to be able to help people improve their lives and wellbeing. I have over 20 years of experience in the mental health care field. I was trained early in in my career as an Addictions Counselor at Drexel University and then moved to San Francisco to complete my Masters in Counseling Psychology with a focus in Marriage and family therapy . I am trained in Cognitive behavioral therapy , Humanistic , and Mindfulness based practices . I have a very dynamic, collaborative, pragmatic approach to counseling that I tailor to the needs and preferences of each individual client.
I am very passionate about my work and consider it a gift to be able to help people improve their lives and wellbeing. I have over 20 years of experience in the mental health care field. I was trained early in in my career as an Addictions Counselor at Drexel University and then moved to San Francisco to complete my Masters in Counseling Psychology with a focus in Marriage and family therapy . I am trained in Cognitive behavioral therapy , Humanistic , and Mindfulness based practices . I have a very dynamic, collaborative, pragmatic approach to counseling that I tailor to the needs and preferences of each individual client.
(267) 609-2258 View (267) 609-2258
Photo of Laura F Brown, MFT, MS, Pre-Licensed Professional
Laura F Brown
Pre-Licensed Professional, MFT, MS
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
Laura is a Marriage and Family Therapist who is passionate about cultivating meaningful and healing relationships with her clients by working with each client individually to understand and empathize with their unique set of challenges and needs. Laura’s approach to therapy is taking on a compassionate, caring, and genuine therapeutic stance with all of her clients, creating a safe and warm environment for everyone who walks through her door. She uses a multitude of systemic approaches when working with her clients, with an emphasis on Emotionally Focused Therapy and The Gottman Method, in which she holds a Level 3 certification.
Laura is a Marriage and Family Therapist who is passionate about cultivating meaningful and healing relationships with her clients by working with each client individually to understand and empathize with their unique set of challenges and needs. Laura’s approach to therapy is taking on a compassionate, caring, and genuine therapeutic stance with all of her clients, creating a safe and warm environment for everyone who walks through her door. She uses a multitude of systemic approaches when working with her clients, with an emphasis on Emotionally Focused Therapy and The Gottman Method, in which she holds a Level 3 certification.
(267) 214-6587 View (267) 214-6587
Photo of Michael C. Wright, PhD, Psychologist
Michael C. Wright
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102
I am a licensed clinical psychologist located near Rittenhouse Square. While I have experience with a wide range of issues, I am especially skilled in working with depression, anxiety, loneliness, loss, shame, and sexual and gender identity concerns. My approach to treatment is relational and psychodynamic. This means that I strive to maintain a strong focus on the relationship⁠—both the therapeutic and real, human relationship⁠—between the client and me. To this end, I believe that the therapeutic relationship is itself a powerful agent for change and can serve as a foundation for addressing numerous real-world problems.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist located near Rittenhouse Square. While I have experience with a wide range of issues, I am especially skilled in working with depression, anxiety, loneliness, loss, shame, and sexual and gender identity concerns. My approach to treatment is relational and psychodynamic. This means that I strive to maintain a strong focus on the relationship⁠—both the therapeutic and real, human relationship⁠—between the client and me. To this end, I believe that the therapeutic relationship is itself a powerful agent for change and can serve as a foundation for addressing numerous real-world problems.
(215) 608-2718 View (215) 608-2718
Photo of Debra Weikert, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Debra Weikert
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19104  (Online Only)
Hello! My name is Debbie Weikert. As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I am passionate about empowering individuals to overcome life's challenges, big and small with compassion and supportive guidance.
Hello! My name is Debbie Weikert. As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I am passionate about empowering individuals to overcome life's challenges, big and small with compassion and supportive guidance.
(323) 643-8569 View (323) 643-8569
Photo of JoAnne M Hanson - New Beginnings Holistic Therapies, Inc, MS, LMFT
New Beginnings Holistic Therapies, Inc
MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19125
Are you struggling to find peace? Do you feel destined for more? I believe that each of us is born with a life purpose and when we are not in alignment with that energy we can feel stuck, anxious, overwhelmed, uncertain, and even depressed. Together, we will explore the past, examine the present, and manifest a future that you’ve always desired. A few simple shifts in your awareness is often all that is needed to change your perception and heal the parts of your life that you are presently struggling with. I will help you obtain clarity, find peace and balance, and discover or awaken parts of yourself that have yet to be explored.
Are you struggling to find peace? Do you feel destined for more? I believe that each of us is born with a life purpose and when we are not in alignment with that energy we can feel stuck, anxious, overwhelmed, uncertain, and even depressed. Together, we will explore the past, examine the present, and manifest a future that you’ve always desired. A few simple shifts in your awareness is often all that is needed to change your perception and heal the parts of your life that you are presently struggling with. I will help you obtain clarity, find peace and balance, and discover or awaken parts of yourself that have yet to be explored.
(267) 930-2791 View (267) 930-2791
Photo of Tamar Joseph, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tamar Joseph
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
Have you ever been blindsided by life? Do you ever feel overwhelmed by your feelings and emotions? Are you having difficulty balancing and navigating through relationships, finances, and/or your career? Do you compare yourself to people who seem to have it all figured out? Trust me, we have all been there trying to figure out this beautiful thing called LIFE. It is my passion to assist people navigating through the highs and lows of their personal life.
Have you ever been blindsided by life? Do you ever feel overwhelmed by your feelings and emotions? Are you having difficulty balancing and navigating through relationships, finances, and/or your career? Do you compare yourself to people who seem to have it all figured out? Trust me, we have all been there trying to figure out this beautiful thing called LIFE. It is my passion to assist people navigating through the highs and lows of their personal life.
(484) 922-8369 View (484) 922-8369
Photo of Teena Scott, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Teena Scott
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19143  (Online Only)
My vision as a therapist is to help adolescents, adults, couples and families recognize that they have what it takes to promote their own evolution. Growth and change can be a challenge at times. My role is to support others to work towards their healing holistically; I help them to unpack the pain that exists and recognize the impact on their mind, body, spirit and relationships. t is my intention to break down barriers in areas related to relationships,divorce,infidelity, blending families, adoption, anxiety, depression, and racial inequity in such a way that my clients feel more connected to their own sense of purpose & value.
My vision as a therapist is to help adolescents, adults, couples and families recognize that they have what it takes to promote their own evolution. Growth and change can be a challenge at times. My role is to support others to work towards their healing holistically; I help them to unpack the pain that exists and recognize the impact on their mind, body, spirit and relationships. t is my intention to break down barriers in areas related to relationships,divorce,infidelity, blending families, adoption, anxiety, depression, and racial inequity in such a way that my clients feel more connected to their own sense of purpose & value.
(215) 999-6175 View (215) 999-6175
Photo of Dominic A Pasqualino, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dominic A Pasqualino
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19104  (Online Only)
Hi there. I'm Dominic Welcome! I am a licensed clinical social worker in Pennsylvania with over 24 years of experience as a mental health therapist. I enjoy helping people get better at dealing with depression, anxiety, anger, trauma/abuse, relationship difficulties, and substance abuse. I really look forward to meeting with you. My approach to providing therapy involves applying Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Solution Focused Therapy (SFBT) interventions to help deal with mental health problems. I also specialize in Motivational Interviewing (MI).
Hi there. I'm Dominic Welcome! I am a licensed clinical social worker in Pennsylvania with over 24 years of experience as a mental health therapist. I enjoy helping people get better at dealing with depression, anxiety, anger, trauma/abuse, relationship difficulties, and substance abuse. I really look forward to meeting with you. My approach to providing therapy involves applying Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Solution Focused Therapy (SFBT) interventions to help deal with mental health problems. I also specialize in Motivational Interviewing (MI).
(717) 694-2963 View (717) 694-2963
Photo of Kellie Medendorp, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kellie Medendorp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19147  (Online Only)
When you are ready, I am here to support you. As your therapist, I strive to build a working, collaborative relationship where we can discuss your goals and various ways to achieve them. I firmly believe in the strength-based perspective where we will discuss the skills you already have and build on them to reach your goals. Cultivating your motivation for change is another emphasis in our working relationship. I will assist you in finding a realistic place where we can begin to make some changes, no matter how small they may be. You will choose your starting point and we will come up with your next step together.
When you are ready, I am here to support you. As your therapist, I strive to build a working, collaborative relationship where we can discuss your goals and various ways to achieve them. I firmly believe in the strength-based perspective where we will discuss the skills you already have and build on them to reach your goals. Cultivating your motivation for change is another emphasis in our working relationship. I will assist you in finding a realistic place where we can begin to make some changes, no matter how small they may be. You will choose your starting point and we will come up with your next step together.
(267) 861-3685 x1 View (267) 861-3685 x1
Photo of Melissa Palumbo, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Melissa Palumbo
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
Sometimes life can feel overwhelming. Between school, work, stress, and feeling less motivated, it's easy to forget to take care of YOU.
Sometimes life can feel overwhelming. Between school, work, stress, and feeling less motivated, it's easy to forget to take care of YOU.
(267) 715-1428 View (267) 715-1428
Photo of Heather Korpa, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Heather Korpa
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
My name is Heather Korpa, I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based out of Pittsburgh, PA. I have been a practicing social work clinician for over 25 years bringing many years of clinical and personal experience to my clients. I provide individual therapy to adults coping with life changes and challenges who need motivation to make a change, or those who seek support to develop healthy coping strategies. I also have experience working with caregivers, older adults, and aging-related concerns. Every person and relationship is unique. I take the time to get to know the client and foster a trusting relationship.
My name is Heather Korpa, I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based out of Pittsburgh, PA. I have been a practicing social work clinician for over 25 years bringing many years of clinical and personal experience to my clients. I provide individual therapy to adults coping with life changes and challenges who need motivation to make a change, or those who seek support to develop healthy coping strategies. I also have experience working with caregivers, older adults, and aging-related concerns. Every person and relationship is unique. I take the time to get to know the client and foster a trusting relationship.
(323) 643-8569 View (323) 643-8569
Photo of Ashley Devon Rakay, MA, , BC-DMT, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ashley Devon Rakay
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, BC-DMT, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19125  (Online Only)
Come join me on a movement therapy adventure, filled with self exploration, emotional regulation, and healing. Therapy can be a nerve-wracking experience, however there is no better time than now to slow down and work on addressing and healing the different parts that make you YOU. Let's work collaboratively to highlight strengths, identify challenges, and develop skills for personal growth and change in a therapeutic, unbiased, and supportive environment.
Come join me on a movement therapy adventure, filled with self exploration, emotional regulation, and healing. Therapy can be a nerve-wracking experience, however there is no better time than now to slow down and work on addressing and healing the different parts that make you YOU. Let's work collaboratively to highlight strengths, identify challenges, and develop skills for personal growth and change in a therapeutic, unbiased, and supportive environment.
(267) 214-8619 View (267) 214-8619
Photo of Kimberly D Fisel, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kimberly D Fisel
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19145
I am experienced in treating a wide range of mental and behavioral health difficulties in adults, adolescents, couples and families such as anxiety, depression, behavioral issues, infidelity, academic difficulties, socialization and spectrum disorders. I am is skilled at working with Couples and families who are in transition: experiencing separation, grief and loss, trauma and adoption. I work towards goals that have been established together to enhance the quality of relationship that a client has with themself and others in their life.
I am experienced in treating a wide range of mental and behavioral health difficulties in adults, adolescents, couples and families such as anxiety, depression, behavioral issues, infidelity, academic difficulties, socialization and spectrum disorders. I am is skilled at working with Couples and families who are in transition: experiencing separation, grief and loss, trauma and adoption. I work towards goals that have been established together to enhance the quality of relationship that a client has with themself and others in their life.
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Photo of Chenglu Ding, MSEd, MPhilEd, Pre-Licensed Professional
Chenglu Ding
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSEd, MPhilEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19110
Are you feeling down, anxious, and isolated? Are you experiencing struggles with work, life transitions, or unresolved trauma? I am passionate about working with adults, children, couples, and families who are dealing with depression, anxiety, trauma, stress management, and life transitions. I am also dedicated to assisting immigrants and international students in navigating adjustments to American culture.
Are you feeling down, anxious, and isolated? Are you experiencing struggles with work, life transitions, or unresolved trauma? I am passionate about working with adults, children, couples, and families who are dealing with depression, anxiety, trauma, stress management, and life transitions. I am also dedicated to assisting immigrants and international students in navigating adjustments to American culture.
(267) 389-9369 View (267) 389-9369
Photo of Valerie Anne Davis
Valerie Anne Davis
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19151
I specialize in helping clients to become focused as they set their goals through the challenging events that is taking place in their lives. I help them to see that they do not have to be in fear when it comes to setting their goals. They can relax while setting their goals one at a time at a pace that is comfortable for them.
I specialize in helping clients to become focused as they set their goals through the challenging events that is taking place in their lives. I help them to see that they do not have to be in fear when it comes to setting their goals. They can relax while setting their goals one at a time at a pace that is comfortable for them.
(267) 613-9514 View (267) 613-9514
Photo of Shawna J Price - Peace of Mind Therapeutic Services, LLC, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Peace of Mind Therapeutic Services, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19126  (Online Only)
Your Well-Being is my priority at Peace of Mind Therapeutic Services. I provide a warm and affirming therapeutic approach. My goal is to help you develop self-understanding where you can identify barriers, adopt healthy living choices, and behaviors that are congruent with the peace you hope to achieve. At Peace of Mind Therapeutic Services, I strive for clients to heal from the past so that they can enjoy life, feel more confident, improve relationships, find peace and ultimately live your best life on purpose!
Your Well-Being is my priority at Peace of Mind Therapeutic Services. I provide a warm and affirming therapeutic approach. My goal is to help you develop self-understanding where you can identify barriers, adopt healthy living choices, and behaviors that are congruent with the peace you hope to achieve. At Peace of Mind Therapeutic Services, I strive for clients to heal from the past so that they can enjoy life, feel more confident, improve relationships, find peace and ultimately live your best life on purpose!
(215) 987-4344 View (215) 987-4344
Photo of Melody McAlister, Marriage & Family Therapist
Melody McAlister
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19148  (Online Only)
I am currently building a thriving practice of couples and families that are seeking relief and understanding, and the work I am doing is centered around finding belonging and safety in the spaces and relationships we occupy. The couples I work with are navigating life transitions, evaluating the state of and investment in their relationship, or are considering moving toward mutual separation and transition to a co-parenting relationship. With families my work has involved improving communication within families separated by physical distance, generational healing, and increasing connection following loss.
I am currently building a thriving practice of couples and families that are seeking relief and understanding, and the work I am doing is centered around finding belonging and safety in the spaces and relationships we occupy. The couples I work with are navigating life transitions, evaluating the state of and investment in their relationship, or are considering moving toward mutual separation and transition to a co-parenting relationship. With families my work has involved improving communication within families separated by physical distance, generational healing, and increasing connection following loss.
(215) 273-3284 View (215) 273-3284
Photo of Rita Garcia - Garcia Marriage and Family Therapist, PLLC, LMFT, CST, Marriage & Family Therapist
Garcia Marriage and Family Therapist, PLLC
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CST
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
As a licensed and skilled family therapist, I offer services to individuals, couples, teens, children, and families. Based on my education, training, and life experiences I believe that the individual can be better understood through the context of their relationships (family, romantic, etc.). I believe it is more important to understand the meaning of emotions, versus whether they are right or wrong to feel.
As a licensed and skilled family therapist, I offer services to individuals, couples, teens, children, and families. Based on my education, training, and life experiences I believe that the individual can be better understood through the context of their relationships (family, romantic, etc.). I believe it is more important to understand the meaning of emotions, versus whether they are right or wrong to feel.
(347) 289-7938 View (347) 289-7938
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Philadelphia, PA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$149

Therapists in Philadelphia, PA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
72% Self Esteem
69% Relationship Issues
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills
61% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% Aetna
70% Cigna and Evernorth
64% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Philadelphia, PA see their clients

55% Online Only
45% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

77% Female
20% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Philadelphia?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.