Borderline Personality (BPD) Therapists in Victoria, TX
![Photo of Cameo Mead, DCMFT, LPC, EMDR C, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/49c9622f-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
Cameo Mead
Licensed Professional Counselor, DCMFT, LPC, EMDR C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Victoria, TX 77905
I approach counseling with a biological, psychological, sociological, holistically, and Christian viewpoint in order to help couples, families, and individuals reach goals. I have worked with a wide range of people that struggle with personal and family issues. I specialise in Trauma/Abuse using the EMDR Therapy modality. I am working on my Doctoral Degree as a Family and Marriage Therapist. I have an extensive approach to the family system and focus on empowering people to manage and conquer dysfunctional behaviors.
I approach counseling with a biological, psychological, sociological, holistically, and Christian viewpoint in order to help couples, families, and individuals reach goals. I have worked with a wide range of people that struggle with personal and family issues. I specialise in Trauma/Abuse using the EMDR Therapy modality. I am working on my Doctoral Degree as a Family and Marriage Therapist. I have an extensive approach to the family system and focus on empowering people to manage and conquer dysfunctional behaviors.
![Photo of Janie Odem, MEd, LPC, RPT , Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/762a65e4-b5a3-407f-a3b9-5d1e295b5d4f/2/320x400.png)
My life experiences have enabled me to become the compassionate, empathetic and non- judgmental therapist that I strive to be. I am a true believer in the Holistic approach to counseling. I believe wellness comes from treating the whole person: physical, mental , spiritual and emotional health. A healthy diet, exercise, rest, and medical check-ups are vital to staying mentally and physically healthy. I’m an LPC and RPT. I work with all populations: individual, couples, families n children. I provide a safe space to work collaboratively with my clients and together we can work on your goals. I’m bilingual fluent in Spanish.
My life experiences have enabled me to become the compassionate, empathetic and non- judgmental therapist that I strive to be. I am a true believer in the Holistic approach to counseling. I believe wellness comes from treating the whole person: physical, mental , spiritual and emotional health. A healthy diet, exercise, rest, and medical check-ups are vital to staying mentally and physically healthy. I’m an LPC and RPT. I work with all populations: individual, couples, families n children. I provide a safe space to work collaboratively with my clients and together we can work on your goals. I’m bilingual fluent in Spanish.
![Photo of Jeanette Nicole Lira - Auravia Holistic Therapy, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1011df77-d382-4c73-8539-e0f8209c3018/1/320x400.png)
Auravia Holistic Therapy, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Victoria, TX 77901
Challenges are a common occurrence in our day-to-day lives, more times than not, they seem overwhelming and discouraging but, navigating through them is possible and attainable. At Auravia Holistic Therapy, we believe when each person is viewed, treated, and nurtured as an entire entity they are able to heal, thrive, and live a more fulfilling life. We aim to provide a guiding light on your path to healing, change and wellness. Our hope is that positive energy, thoughts and actions combined with our holistic and therapeutic techniques will promote mental wellness and wholeness.
Challenges are a common occurrence in our day-to-day lives, more times than not, they seem overwhelming and discouraging but, navigating through them is possible and attainable. At Auravia Holistic Therapy, we believe when each person is viewed, treated, and nurtured as an entire entity they are able to heal, thrive, and live a more fulfilling life. We aim to provide a guiding light on your path to healing, change and wellness. Our hope is that positive energy, thoughts and actions combined with our holistic and therapeutic techniques will promote mental wellness and wholeness.
![Photo of Barbara Helen Bohman - Barbara H Bohman LPC, MAC, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/46e5ef87-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
Barbara H Bohman LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MAC, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Victoria, TX 77904
Online Therapists
![Photo of Faith Roby, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/91005c5c-3eac-414d-8d1a-ed45d600ddea/1/320x400.png)
I specialize in treating infidelity, post-infidelity stress, trauma, complex PTSD, PTSD, mood disorders, emotion dysregulation, borderline personality disorder, anger issues, lack of assertiveness, family dysfunction, anxiety, faith-based issues, marital sex-based issues, substance use, sex abuse, stress, domestic violence, etc.
I truly believe that while you may come in broken, by faith, you can leave healed! I approach therapy in a collaborative manner with my clients. To effectively collaborate, I have a "no walking on eggshells" policy in our therapeutic space. Hold on, Faith! What does a “no walking on eggshells” policy mean? This policy empowers my clients to present what they may think are the “icky” parts of themselves without fear of being unrighteously judged in therapy. I will work to earn your trust so have faith in me, yourself, and the process as part of your healing journey.
I specialize in treating infidelity, post-infidelity stress, trauma, complex PTSD, PTSD, mood disorders, emotion dysregulation, borderline personality disorder, anger issues, lack of assertiveness, family dysfunction, anxiety, faith-based issues, marital sex-based issues, substance use, sex abuse, stress, domestic violence, etc.
I truly believe that while you may come in broken, by faith, you can leave healed! I approach therapy in a collaborative manner with my clients. To effectively collaborate, I have a "no walking on eggshells" policy in our therapeutic space. Hold on, Faith! What does a “no walking on eggshells” policy mean? This policy empowers my clients to present what they may think are the “icky” parts of themselves without fear of being unrighteously judged in therapy. I will work to earn your trust so have faith in me, yourself, and the process as part of your healing journey.
![Photo of Alissa Sladek, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3846070d-92a7-4ecd-8adb-3e0f4e31da71/2/320x400.png)
Alissa Sladek
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Portland, TX 78374 (Online Only)
Welcome! My name is Alissa and am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with experience in the mental health field since 2012. I work with adults 18 and over on many different mental health conditions, including anxiety, depression, BPD, Bipolar, Adjustment Disorder, relationship issues, work issues, and family stress, among other things. I use CBT, DBT, and Strength-based approaches to help individuals achieve the life they want and enjoy using different approaches with therapy as I know everyone is an individual and has individual needs.
Welcome! My name is Alissa and am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with experience in the mental health field since 2012. I work with adults 18 and over on many different mental health conditions, including anxiety, depression, BPD, Bipolar, Adjustment Disorder, relationship issues, work issues, and family stress, among other things. I use CBT, DBT, and Strength-based approaches to help individuals achieve the life they want and enjoy using different approaches with therapy as I know everyone is an individual and has individual needs.
![Photo of Rebecca Gonzales, MA, LPC-A](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c78c88cc-38f4-4ce7-aea8-cea5e50d7c54/2/320x400.jpeg)
Rebecca Gonzales
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA, LPC-A
Verified Verified
Corpus Christi, TX 78411
Cheers, I am currently an LPC-Associate under the supervision of Bonnie Lilly, LPCS. I serve clients 5 yrs. of age to adult. I am presently helping clients who deal with sever anxiety, depression, ADHD, low-self esteem, suicidal ideations, and borderline personality disorder. I see clients from a variety of cultures, including but not limited to Sex, Religion, Race, and Sexual Identity. These ideas individuals hold should be acknowledged and integrated as part of their counseling process. I work with my clients to meet them where they, and cultivate and environment of trust, congruency, and unconditional positive acceptance.
Cheers, I am currently an LPC-Associate under the supervision of Bonnie Lilly, LPCS. I serve clients 5 yrs. of age to adult. I am presently helping clients who deal with sever anxiety, depression, ADHD, low-self esteem, suicidal ideations, and borderline personality disorder. I see clients from a variety of cultures, including but not limited to Sex, Religion, Race, and Sexual Identity. These ideas individuals hold should be acknowledged and integrated as part of their counseling process. I work with my clients to meet them where they, and cultivate and environment of trust, congruency, and unconditional positive acceptance.
![Photo of Hailey Grant, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/555516dc-e679-48c0-ba6c-4b6c0d2a7690/1/320x400.jpeg)
I have specialized training working with children, teens, and adults who experience a variety of life’s issues, including anxiety, depression, relationship complications, domestic violence, trauma/grief, and borderline personality disorder.
Through my education and experience, I have learned that people are truly doing the best they can at all times. Life can be so difficult, and we as humans are tasked with the complex job of navigating those difficulties. I utilize a multi-dimensional, trauma-informed, and attachment-based approach to help clients understand themselves, others, and their place in the world. However, when working with anyone, my goal is to give you tools, skills, and support to help you navigate the world outside of therapy. You deserve to feel safe, seen, heard, and understood.
I have specialized training working with children, teens, and adults who experience a variety of life’s issues, including anxiety, depression, relationship complications, domestic violence, trauma/grief, and borderline personality disorder.
Through my education and experience, I have learned that people are truly doing the best they can at all times. Life can be so difficult, and we as humans are tasked with the complex job of navigating those difficulties. I utilize a multi-dimensional, trauma-informed, and attachment-based approach to help clients understand themselves, others, and their place in the world. However, when working with anyone, my goal is to give you tools, skills, and support to help you navigate the world outside of therapy. You deserve to feel safe, seen, heard, and understood.
![Photo of Angele Devezin, MSW, LMSW](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/6ee52758-e6b9-4dc4-930a-811697636766/1/320x400.jpeg)
Angele Devezin
Licensed Master Social Worker, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Schertz, TX 78108 (Online Only)
Have you had an experience that was traumatic, or a history of early childhood trauma that has a grip on you, limiting the joy and love you want in your life? Childhood traumas can result in severe physical and emotional trauma to a survivor and their loved ones. Whether it happened two weeks or two decades ago, sexual trauma can cause sexual, intimacy and relationship issues, symptoms of PTSD or borderline personality disorder, suicidal ideations, problems with memory, etc... Seeking help is a courageous step in transcending harm and regaining power and control over your body and life.
Have you had an experience that was traumatic, or a history of early childhood trauma that has a grip on you, limiting the joy and love you want in your life? Childhood traumas can result in severe physical and emotional trauma to a survivor and their loved ones. Whether it happened two weeks or two decades ago, sexual trauma can cause sexual, intimacy and relationship issues, symptoms of PTSD or borderline personality disorder, suicidal ideations, problems with memory, etc... Seeking help is a courageous step in transcending harm and regaining power and control over your body and life.
![Photo of Dr. Karen Conner, PhD, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1898e33f-cba6-489a-a5a2-dc579bd944eb/1/320x400.jpeg)
I work with persons who have trauma histories, chronic depression and anxiety, social isolation, borderline personality and narcissistic personality.
If life has left you feeling lonely, adrift, confused, or disappointed, I can help. I'm here to help you discover the ways your family and early environment impact who you are today, and take actions steps to feel better and change your life. Whatever challenges you have faced or are facing now, we can work through them together. LGBTQIA+ knowledgeable and affirming. Knowledgeable about the therapeutic use of psychedelics.
I work with persons who have trauma histories, chronic depression and anxiety, social isolation, borderline personality and narcissistic personality.
If life has left you feeling lonely, adrift, confused, or disappointed, I can help. I'm here to help you discover the ways your family and early environment impact who you are today, and take actions steps to feel better and change your life. Whatever challenges you have faced or are facing now, we can work through them together. LGBTQIA+ knowledgeable and affirming. Knowledgeable about the therapeutic use of psychedelics.
![Photo of David Bennett, MA, LPC, LCDC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3d6a89e7-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
David Bennett
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LCDC
Verified Verified
New Braunfels, TX 78130
Are you happy with the life that you're living? Would you like to be more confident while making a tough decision? The process of coming to understand yourself is an opportunity to recognize how individual strengths can be used to meet personal, professional, social or family goals. For those prepared to make changes, therapy can be the catalyst to personal growth and development. I'd like to work with individuals looking to better themselves. If you have questions or ideas that you would like to explore in therapy give me a call so we can schedule an appointment.
Are you happy with the life that you're living? Would you like to be more confident while making a tough decision? The process of coming to understand yourself is an opportunity to recognize how individual strengths can be used to meet personal, professional, social or family goals. For those prepared to make changes, therapy can be the catalyst to personal growth and development. I'd like to work with individuals looking to better themselves. If you have questions or ideas that you would like to explore in therapy give me a call so we can schedule an appointment.
![Photo of Sarra Mudd, LPC-A](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/6d340699-2832-4167-91bf-ae408432b674/4/320x400.jpeg)
Sarra Mudd
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, LPC-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Corpus Christi, TX 78401
Being a teenager is hard. There is an immense amount of pressure for them to fit in, be academically successful, navigate social relationships, and become comfortable with their uniqueness. At this stage in their development, it is common for adolescents to become overwhelmed, irritable, and worried about being ENOUGH. You may notice that your child overthinks, ruminates on their worries, and compares themselves to others. You may also have noticed physical symptoms such as stomachaches, headaches, and trouble sleeping. Ultimately, teens desire to feel accepted for who they are – even on their worst days.
Being a teenager is hard. There is an immense amount of pressure for them to fit in, be academically successful, navigate social relationships, and become comfortable with their uniqueness. At this stage in their development, it is common for adolescents to become overwhelmed, irritable, and worried about being ENOUGH. You may notice that your child overthinks, ruminates on their worries, and compares themselves to others. You may also have noticed physical symptoms such as stomachaches, headaches, and trouble sleeping. Ultimately, teens desire to feel accepted for who they are – even on their worst days.
![Photo of Dr. Faith Christie Leigh Roby, LMFT-S, EdD, MMFT, MA, BS, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/7a988774-6be9-4597-a90b-e9a821681d0d/1/320x400.jpeg)
Dr. Faith Christie Leigh Roby
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT-S, EdD, MMFT, MA, BS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78205 (Online Only)
The curve balls of life can affect you mentally, emotionally, physically, and spiritually. Do you have sex-based issues in your marriage? Do you have an ongoing issue with your children & believe you are the most clueless parent in the world? Have you experienced trauma, adultery, abuse, church/religious issues, or mental anguish? There is hope. I specialize in marital, premarital, individual & family therapy. Bring your mustard of seed faith & I will bring my empathetic care with expertise. Together, through God, healing can be achieved! I'm an approved LMFT Designated Supervisor for the State of Texas!
The curve balls of life can affect you mentally, emotionally, physically, and spiritually. Do you have sex-based issues in your marriage? Do you have an ongoing issue with your children & believe you are the most clueless parent in the world? Have you experienced trauma, adultery, abuse, church/religious issues, or mental anguish? There is hope. I specialize in marital, premarital, individual & family therapy. Bring your mustard of seed faith & I will bring my empathetic care with expertise. Together, through God, healing can be achieved! I'm an approved LMFT Designated Supervisor for the State of Texas!
![Photo of Eric A Schmidt, PhD, LPCS, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/36e2ea2e-8f64-4216-94a0-74cbe78f7f30/1/320x400.jpeg)
You're probably reading this because you're considering counseling. I think that's a great first step. No matter who you choose, I hope you meet with someone. Here's a litte about me; I hope this makes your job of selecting someone a little easier.
You're probably reading this because you're considering counseling. I think that's a great first step. No matter who you choose, I hope you meet with someone. Here's a litte about me; I hope this makes your job of selecting someone a little easier.
![Photo of Sara Ann Castañeda-Castillo (Supervised By Kelly Martin Lpc-S), MS, NCC, LPC-A, LPC Intern](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a241899d-9f72-44e5-9812-101c8df73fb5/1/320x400.jpeg)
Sara Ann Castañeda-Castillo (Supervised By Kelly Martin Lpc-S)
LPC Intern, MS, NCC, LPC-A
Verified Verified
New Braunfels, TX 78130
I am inspired in helping adolescents and adults cope with depression, anxiety, self-esteem, grief/loss, trauma, and behavioral issues. I am motivated to create a safe and secure setting for individuals to communicate, discover, and manage their thoughts and feelings in a healthy and constructive manner. I empathically strive to deliver clients valuable therapeutic services in order to address their individual needs toward a more joyful and tranquil life. In addition, I have a passion in working with couples to effectively communicate to resolve conflict.
I am inspired in helping adolescents and adults cope with depression, anxiety, self-esteem, grief/loss, trauma, and behavioral issues. I am motivated to create a safe and secure setting for individuals to communicate, discover, and manage their thoughts and feelings in a healthy and constructive manner. I empathically strive to deliver clients valuable therapeutic services in order to address their individual needs toward a more joyful and tranquil life. In addition, I have a passion in working with couples to effectively communicate to resolve conflict.
![Photo of Dr. Jodie Bergquist, DPC, LPC-S, LCDC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/728299b4-46ee-48f2-bfd1-1c8d8a3462a5/2/320x400.jpeg)
Dr. Jodie Bergquist
Licensed Professional Counselor, DPC, LPC-S, LCDC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Katy, TX 77494
We affirm you for these first steps! Life can be tough at times, and it can lead us down paths that leave us feeling hopeless. Many think that what you’re going through is your fault, some think you can change it on your own, many of you have tried many times to find answers. Addiction, Trauma, and Family Conflict weighs us down in life and leaves us thinking there is no hope. How do we know? We have been there. One thing we believe is people can heal! What if you could redefine, refocus, revive, even recreate the life you deserve? At Redefine Life, this is exactly what we do. We help you become the best version of you!
We affirm you for these first steps! Life can be tough at times, and it can lead us down paths that leave us feeling hopeless. Many think that what you’re going through is your fault, some think you can change it on your own, many of you have tried many times to find answers. Addiction, Trauma, and Family Conflict weighs us down in life and leaves us thinking there is no hope. How do we know? We have been there. One thing we believe is people can heal! What if you could redefine, refocus, revive, even recreate the life you deserve? At Redefine Life, this is exactly what we do. We help you become the best version of you!
![Photo of Allison L. Smith, MEd, LPC, RPT, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/81884130-13a6-41a4-b792-ecc7554b6ce5/1/320x400.jpeg)
Allison L. Smith
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, RPT, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bastrop, TX 78602 (Online Only)
Affirming and inclusive mental health counseling, where your journey is valued and your well-being is our priority. www.ourlivescounseling.com
Affirming and inclusive mental health counseling, where your journey is valued and your well-being is our priority. www.ourlivescounseling.com
![Photo of Dr. Blake Martin, PhD, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/8e621e49-1494-49d9-8a15-c6bbc8f84fce/1/320x400.jpeg)
Feeling worn down? You're not alone. You've come a long way, proving yourself as someone who tackles challenges head on. But lately, you've been feeling stuck—maybe it's anxiety, depression, or a past trauma that's weighing on you. Life can be difficult, but you don't have to navigate it alone. As a licensed psychologist, I'm here to help you find your way again. Together in therapy, we'll set meaningful goals based on your concerns and values, and then we'll use evidence-based approaches tailored to your specific needs and background. Working together, we'll help you move toward what truly matters to you, one step at a time.
Feeling worn down? You're not alone. You've come a long way, proving yourself as someone who tackles challenges head on. But lately, you've been feeling stuck—maybe it's anxiety, depression, or a past trauma that's weighing on you. Life can be difficult, but you don't have to navigate it alone. As a licensed psychologist, I'm here to help you find your way again. Together in therapy, we'll set meaningful goals based on your concerns and values, and then we'll use evidence-based approaches tailored to your specific needs and background. Working together, we'll help you move toward what truly matters to you, one step at a time.
![Photo of Cori East-Long, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/63812e47-92c1-4e94-805e-a01679660025/2/320x400.jpeg)
I am Cori Jo East-Long. a Licensed Professional Counselor with a Master of Science in Mental Health Counseling from Tarleton State University. I have worked in the mental health field for over 8 years. I have a history of working with clients with depression and anxiety, trauma, and substance abuse issues. My other areas of expertise include foster care, adoption, parenting issues, and LGBTQ+ issues. I use approaches such as Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Trauma Based Relational Intervention (TBRI), and Adlerian therapy.
I am Cori Jo East-Long. a Licensed Professional Counselor with a Master of Science in Mental Health Counseling from Tarleton State University. I have worked in the mental health field for over 8 years. I have a history of working with clients with depression and anxiety, trauma, and substance abuse issues. My other areas of expertise include foster care, adoption, parenting issues, and LGBTQ+ issues. I use approaches such as Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Trauma Based Relational Intervention (TBRI), and Adlerian therapy.
![Photo of Rebecca Ayala, MS, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a50688e3-2c1f-4216-bd35-85d4297e0d91/1/320x400.jpeg)
Rebecca Ayala
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New Braunfels, TX 78130
There are so many surprises and experiences in the world to shape and grow us, some of which can be life-changing or hard to move past. It is easy to become voiceless, bottle things up, or notice that you completely have changed yourself to merely get by. Normalcy is often what everyone wants, but yet, to achieve it can be a constant battle with unending emotions. I have an innate drive and passion for supporting others and helping them reach their full potential as they navigate through transitions, adolescence, and other milestones in life, regardless of age group.
There are so many surprises and experiences in the world to shape and grow us, some of which can be life-changing or hard to move past. It is easy to become voiceless, bottle things up, or notice that you completely have changed yourself to merely get by. Normalcy is often what everyone wants, but yet, to achieve it can be a constant battle with unending emotions. I have an innate drive and passion for supporting others and helping them reach their full potential as they navigate through transitions, adolescence, and other milestones in life, regardless of age group.
See more therapy options for Victoria
Borderline Personality (BPD) Therapists
What is the most successful approach to treating borderline personality disorder?
Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is considered the gold standard of treatment for borderline personality disorder. An evidence-based treatment, it addresses the extreme emotional reactivity, the relationship difficulties, and the acts of self-harm that create so much distress for BPD patients. DBT is a comprehensive program that includes both regular individual psychotherapy sessions and weekly group sessions of skills training.
What happens in treatment of borderline personality disorder?
Treatment typically consists of weekly individual therapy sessions that last an hour and group skill-focused instructional sessions that may last up to two hours. Patients are typically given homework “assignments” in which they are asked to practice in their daily life the skills they acquire in therapy. Patients also keep a diary tracking their emotions and impulses as a way to know which situations are most problematic and to help them gain control over their own behavior. Difficult situations and feelings are typically reviewed in therapy sessions and more constructive solutions found.
What kinds of problems does BPD treatment help with?
DBT was initially developed to dampen the self-destructive impulses of chronically suicidal patients. It is now the treatment of choice for borderline personality disorder, a serious condition marked by extreme emotional reactivity, relationship instability, and self-injurious behaviors. Treatment of BPD helps patients tolerate the flux of emotions without acting on them, often with a specific focus on tolerating negative emotions. DBT addresses the core problems of BPD—fear of abandonment, low self-esteem, and impulsivity.
What is the goal of treatment in borderline personality disorder?
The goal of treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD) is to relieve the extreme emotional distress that patients experience—to curb their emotional reactivity, to minimize their inclination to self-harm, and to reduce their impulsivity. Toward these ends, patients are not only taught an array of new coping skills and techniques for emotional regulation, they are given opportunities to practice them. Another major goal of treatment is interpersonal effectiveness; patients learn and problem-solve ways to effectively communicate in relationships, especially how to ask for what they need as a way to minimize hurt feelings.