Therapists in Spring, TX

Photo of Beth Frnka, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Beth Frnka
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Spring, TX 77379
Not accepting new clients
We all feel stuck from time to time. Stuck in relational conflict, stuck in negative patterns of thinking, stuck in the darkness of anxiety or depression, and more. Whatever you or your child is going through, you don't have to figure out how to move forward on your own.
We all feel stuck from time to time. Stuck in relational conflict, stuck in negative patterns of thinking, stuck in the darkness of anxiety or depression, and more. Whatever you or your child is going through, you don't have to figure out how to move forward on your own.
(281) 609-9333 View (281) 609-9333
Photo of Viviane Santiago, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Viviane Santiago
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Spring, TX 77388  (Online Only)
Hello : ) I am Viviane Santiago. I am so happy you came here. I am happy because this is you taking one step towards feeling better, towards solving a problem, towards your healing. Notice that. You did it, and i am happy and proud of you. I Hope you are too. I am a LPC-Counselor, specialized in grief, trauma, identity issues, and with lots of experience working with individuals and couples facing anxiety, depression, life transitions, or big decisions. I am a LGBTQI Affirming clinician. I also work with couples, and I am an non-monogamous, kink ally. My style is calm, yet dynamic, compassionate, honest, and above all hopeful.
Hello : ) I am Viviane Santiago. I am so happy you came here. I am happy because this is you taking one step towards feeling better, towards solving a problem, towards your healing. Notice that. You did it, and i am happy and proud of you. I Hope you are too. I am a LPC-Counselor, specialized in grief, trauma, identity issues, and with lots of experience working with individuals and couples facing anxiety, depression, life transitions, or big decisions. I am a LGBTQI Affirming clinician. I also work with couples, and I am an non-monogamous, kink ally. My style is calm, yet dynamic, compassionate, honest, and above all hopeful.
(281) 524-4637 View (281) 524-4637
Photo of Myanah Simmons, LPC-A, LCDC-I
Myanah Simmons
LPC-Associate, LPC-A, LCDC-I
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Spring, TX 77386  (Online Only)
Do you ever wonder, when is it my turn to not be ok? Does anyone care? As women and mothers, our struggles can go unseen and unheard. Together we can work through finding a balance and giving your needs a voice. I always say a counseling session should feel like having coffee with a trustworthy friend that is also knowledgeable in mental health. In my practice, I focus on meeting you where you are and offering an empathetic judgement free environment for us to work together to create change.
Do you ever wonder, when is it my turn to not be ok? Does anyone care? As women and mothers, our struggles can go unseen and unheard. Together we can work through finding a balance and giving your needs a voice. I always say a counseling session should feel like having coffee with a trustworthy friend that is also knowledgeable in mental health. In my practice, I focus on meeting you where you are and offering an empathetic judgement free environment for us to work together to create change.
(713) 843-7135 View (713) 843-7135
Photo of Melissa S Paris, MSEd, LPC, NCC, CEDS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Melissa S Paris
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSEd, LPC, NCC, CEDS
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Spring, TX 77379
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor who works with teens and adults who have high anxiety, perfectionism and eating disorders. My goal as a therapist is to help you to discover the true potential of your life, so everyday can be a celebration, and feel like a real ‘breath of fresh air.’ There may be no magic button or quick-fix solution when it comes to changing things from the past that have been difficult, but what we can do is work together to find comfort and resolve in the difficult areas of your life, and the challenges you have to face. I provide a nonjudgmental and relational approach to therapy.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor who works with teens and adults who have high anxiety, perfectionism and eating disorders. My goal as a therapist is to help you to discover the true potential of your life, so everyday can be a celebration, and feel like a real ‘breath of fresh air.’ There may be no magic button or quick-fix solution when it comes to changing things from the past that have been difficult, but what we can do is work together to find comfort and resolve in the difficult areas of your life, and the challenges you have to face. I provide a nonjudgmental and relational approach to therapy.
(346) 273-1270 View (346) 273-1270
Photo of Heather Hazzan, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Heather Hazzan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Spring, TX 77379  (Online Only)
Are you or a loved one struggling with PTSD, anxiety, depression, borderline personality disorder, or eating disorders? You're not alone. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) specializing in these areas, I offer compassionate and evidence-based therapy to help you navigate through life's challenges. With a deep understanding of trauma and mental health disorders, I provide a safe and supportive space for healing and growth. Together, we'll work towards building resilience, managing symptoms, and fostering a sense of empowerment. Take the first step towards Knowing Your Worth by reaching out today.
Are you or a loved one struggling with PTSD, anxiety, depression, borderline personality disorder, or eating disorders? You're not alone. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) specializing in these areas, I offer compassionate and evidence-based therapy to help you navigate through life's challenges. With a deep understanding of trauma and mental health disorders, I provide a safe and supportive space for healing and growth. Together, we'll work towards building resilience, managing symptoms, and fostering a sense of empowerment. Take the first step towards Knowing Your Worth by reaching out today.
(817) 634-5788 View (817) 634-5788
Photo of Sarah de la Torre, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sarah de la Torre
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Spring, TX 77373
If you're looking to make a change or need to heal from past or current challenges, I am here to help. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in the state of Texas, New York, and Florida and have been working in the mental health field since 2012. I have 9 years of experience working with children, individuals, and families presenting with challenges that include addiction, depression, anxiety, trauma, grief and loss, self-harm, ADHD, family challenges, and other stressors that can affect us at any point in our lives.
If you're looking to make a change or need to heal from past or current challenges, I am here to help. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in the state of Texas, New York, and Florida and have been working in the mental health field since 2012. I have 9 years of experience working with children, individuals, and families presenting with challenges that include addiction, depression, anxiety, trauma, grief and loss, self-harm, ADHD, family challenges, and other stressors that can affect us at any point in our lives.
(817) 660-7976 View (817) 660-7976
Photo of Elizabeth R Anderson, MA, Licensed Professional Counselor
Elizabeth R Anderson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
Spring, TX 77379  (Online Only)
Elizabeth Anderson is a Licensed Professional Counselor. Elizabeth is an agent of change that operates as a License Professional Counselor. She works with families, adults, children, and adolescents who struggle with a myriad of emotional debilitating disorders. If you struggle with previous or current trauma, disorders associated with depression, anxiety, ADHD, Grief, or just experiencing challenges with adjusting to change she is the ideal person to help.
Elizabeth Anderson is a Licensed Professional Counselor. Elizabeth is an agent of change that operates as a License Professional Counselor. She works with families, adults, children, and adolescents who struggle with a myriad of emotional debilitating disorders. If you struggle with previous or current trauma, disorders associated with depression, anxiety, ADHD, Grief, or just experiencing challenges with adjusting to change she is the ideal person to help.
(346) 236-0896 View (346) 236-0896
Photo of Tracy Wilshusen, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tracy Wilshusen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Spring, TX 77386
Hi! Thank you for being here and taking the first step in your healing journey. Healing isn't always linear, but I am here to cheer you on along the way. Whether it's feeling stuck, struggling with a life transition, wanting to strengthen your family system, learning how to set boundaries, or increase your self-esteem, I will be there to listen and support you.
Hi! Thank you for being here and taking the first step in your healing journey. Healing isn't always linear, but I am here to cheer you on along the way. Whether it's feeling stuck, struggling with a life transition, wanting to strengthen your family system, learning how to set boundaries, or increase your self-esteem, I will be there to listen and support you.
(346) 637-3958 View (346) 637-3958
Photo of Aime Ferow, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Aime Ferow
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Spring, TX 77380
My therapy experience includes working with a wide range of cognitive abilities and severity of diagnoses. My interests include working with issues involving anxiety, depression, adjustment issues, grief, stress management, marriage, process and psycheducational groups. I am trained in sand tray therapy and in Level 1 Gottman Method Couples Therapy.
My therapy experience includes working with a wide range of cognitive abilities and severity of diagnoses. My interests include working with issues involving anxiety, depression, adjustment issues, grief, stress management, marriage, process and psycheducational groups. I am trained in sand tray therapy and in Level 1 Gottman Method Couples Therapy.
(281) 801-6173 View (281) 801-6173
Photo of Susan Sharp - Sharp Counseling and Consulting, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sharp Counseling and Consulting
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Spring, TX 77379
Hello! I'm Susan Sharp, a Certified Imago Relationship Therapist with a passion for helping couples and individuals build fulfilling and loving relationships. With over 30 years of experience in the field of counseling and psychotherapy, I specialize in guiding people towards deeper connection, effective communication, and resolving conflicts in a constructive manner. My approach is rooted in the transformative Imago Relationship Therapy, which aims to heal past wounds and foster growth and understanding within partnerships. I also have training in helping people experiencing divorce.
Hello! I'm Susan Sharp, a Certified Imago Relationship Therapist with a passion for helping couples and individuals build fulfilling and loving relationships. With over 30 years of experience in the field of counseling and psychotherapy, I specialize in guiding people towards deeper connection, effective communication, and resolving conflicts in a constructive manner. My approach is rooted in the transformative Imago Relationship Therapy, which aims to heal past wounds and foster growth and understanding within partnerships. I also have training in helping people experiencing divorce.
(346) 209-4155 View (346) 209-4155
Photo of Lynnie Drawson, LMFT, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lynnie Drawson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Spring, TX 77379  (Online Only)
The life transition into becoming a parent is often not quite what we expected. Sometimes that means a struggle in the beginning, such as infertility, infant loss, traumatic birth, NICU trauma, post-partum anxiety/depression. Sometimes the struggle is when the baby comes home. Then they get even older and have different needs and you are not sure how to connect with them. It often takes a toll on your relationships, with your child or partner or extended family. You are just trying to be the best parent you can, while dealing with all that life has/is throwing at you. You are often doing this with little to no emotional support.
The life transition into becoming a parent is often not quite what we expected. Sometimes that means a struggle in the beginning, such as infertility, infant loss, traumatic birth, NICU trauma, post-partum anxiety/depression. Sometimes the struggle is when the baby comes home. Then they get even older and have different needs and you are not sure how to connect with them. It often takes a toll on your relationships, with your child or partner or extended family. You are just trying to be the best parent you can, while dealing with all that life has/is throwing at you. You are often doing this with little to no emotional support.
(281) 699-9326 View (281) 699-9326
Photo of Jennifer Aune - Jennifer L. Aune Counseling, PLLC, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jennifer L. Aune Counseling, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Spring, TX 77380
We use a variety of techniques that are tailored to meet the needs of our clients with a special interest in self esteem/self worth issues, codependency, NPD & unconscious programming. Some individuals are unaware of limiting thoughts, beliefs & memories and stay stuck. Trapped trauma and unconscious programming plays a major role in mental & physical health problems as well as interpersonal relationships. In addition to psychotherapy we offer a unique & transformational experience called Zerobody Dry Flotation to aid and accelerate the healing process and to re program unconscious programming (one's blueprint of self and life).
We use a variety of techniques that are tailored to meet the needs of our clients with a special interest in self esteem/self worth issues, codependency, NPD & unconscious programming. Some individuals are unaware of limiting thoughts, beliefs & memories and stay stuck. Trapped trauma and unconscious programming plays a major role in mental & physical health problems as well as interpersonal relationships. In addition to psychotherapy we offer a unique & transformational experience called Zerobody Dry Flotation to aid and accelerate the healing process and to re program unconscious programming (one's blueprint of self and life).
(936) 337-4803 View (936) 337-4803
Photo of Jessica Marie Sohns Supervised By Jennifer Cain Lpc-S Rpt-S, MEd, LPC-A, LPC Intern
Jessica Marie Sohns Supervised By Jennifer Cain Lpc-S Rpt-S
LPC Intern, MEd, LPC-A
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Spring, TX 77373
Have you, or if you are a parent, your child, experienced a medical trauma? It can feel scary, isolating, hopeless, and stigmatizing. Are you feeling anxious? Lonely? Depressed? Is your child suddenly changing their behavior, having emotional outbursts, trouble in school, to the point where you feel like you've tried everything, but nothing has helped? I am passionate about helping individuals navigate these experiences so that they can move forward with confidence and hope with the tools they need to break out of these cycles and find their own healing and wholeness.
Have you, or if you are a parent, your child, experienced a medical trauma? It can feel scary, isolating, hopeless, and stigmatizing. Are you feeling anxious? Lonely? Depressed? Is your child suddenly changing their behavior, having emotional outbursts, trouble in school, to the point where you feel like you've tried everything, but nothing has helped? I am passionate about helping individuals navigate these experiences so that they can move forward with confidence and hope with the tools they need to break out of these cycles and find their own healing and wholeness.
(832) 979-6209 View (832) 979-6209
Photo of Sarah Police, LPC, LCDC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sarah Police
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCDC
Verified Verified
Spring, TX 77386
Have you ever felt sad, anxious, stuck, or just needing a new perspective? It can be scary to reach out asking for help; however, it actually shows how strong you are, because you will not have to go through it alone. I focus on the strength you have for the challenges you are facing.
Have you ever felt sad, anxious, stuck, or just needing a new perspective? It can be scary to reach out asking for help; however, it actually shows how strong you are, because you will not have to go through it alone. I focus on the strength you have for the challenges you are facing.
(713) 804-6596 View (713) 804-6596
Photo of Patti DeMarco, LCPC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Patti DeMarco
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, LPC
Verified Verified
Spring, TX 77388  (Online Only)
Sometimes things happen that profoundly change the way we experience life. Whether expected or not, life transitions can leave us feeling anxious, angry, alone, or depressed. These changes can come in many forms, including the loss of a loved one, infertility, a divorce or break up, job changes, chronic illness, leaving home, etc. My goal is to help you process the many emotions that accompany the adjustments in your life and discover new strengths and experiences that come along with it. Give me a call to embrace your new day.
Sometimes things happen that profoundly change the way we experience life. Whether expected or not, life transitions can leave us feeling anxious, angry, alone, or depressed. These changes can come in many forms, including the loss of a loved one, infertility, a divorce or break up, job changes, chronic illness, leaving home, etc. My goal is to help you process the many emotions that accompany the adjustments in your life and discover new strengths and experiences that come along with it. Give me a call to embrace your new day.
(281) 247-6944 View (281) 247-6944
Photo of Mirna Rodriguez, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Mirna Rodriguez
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Spring, TX 77373  (Online Only)
Mirna is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. She holds a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology and a Master of Science in Marriage and Family Therapy. She has experience working with couples, families, teens, and children. She uses family systemic approaches, and EMDR to offer a personalized approach to each client. She also has experience working with individuals that have experienced trauma-related events such as domestic violence or sexual assault. With compassion and understanding, she will join you in your unique journey.
Mirna is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. She holds a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology and a Master of Science in Marriage and Family Therapy. She has experience working with couples, families, teens, and children. She uses family systemic approaches, and EMDR to offer a personalized approach to each client. She also has experience working with individuals that have experienced trauma-related events such as domestic violence or sexual assault. With compassion and understanding, she will join you in your unique journey.
(832) 583-2201 View (832) 583-2201
Photo of Deandre A. Dyer - Full Circle Therapy PLLC, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Full Circle Therapy PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Spring, TX 77380
Life is filled with things to worry about. Sometimes those worries come from trauma or within yourself. For adults this could be irritability, anxiety, or fear. For children & teens these worries could even present as behavioral issues or in-school disturbances. Developing confidence, self-esteem, and positive thinking habits can be the key to unlocking a better reality. I want to help you build this confidence & self-esteem; I want to equip you with the tools to create positive thinking habits, overcome trauma, and inevitably help you to use all of these skills to overcome your worries.
Life is filled with things to worry about. Sometimes those worries come from trauma or within yourself. For adults this could be irritability, anxiety, or fear. For children & teens these worries could even present as behavioral issues or in-school disturbances. Developing confidence, self-esteem, and positive thinking habits can be the key to unlocking a better reality. I want to help you build this confidence & self-esteem; I want to equip you with the tools to create positive thinking habits, overcome trauma, and inevitably help you to use all of these skills to overcome your worries.
(936) 220-2290 View (936) 220-2290
Photo of Jessica McDuffee, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jessica McDuffee
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Spring, TX 77382
Ready to reclaim your inner strength, find clarity, and create a life filled with meaning and purpose? I specialize in empowering individuals like you – tweens, teens, and adults– to overcome challenges and embrace a life of authenticity. Whether it's navigating the turbulent waters of adolescence, managing the ups and downs of mood disorders, or healing from past traumas; together, we'll uncover your inner strengths, identify areas for growth, and build resilience in the face of adversity.
Ready to reclaim your inner strength, find clarity, and create a life filled with meaning and purpose? I specialize in empowering individuals like you – tweens, teens, and adults– to overcome challenges and embrace a life of authenticity. Whether it's navigating the turbulent waters of adolescence, managing the ups and downs of mood disorders, or healing from past traumas; together, we'll uncover your inner strengths, identify areas for growth, and build resilience in the face of adversity.
(832) 346-6910 View (832) 346-6910
Photo of Letitia Powell - Restorative Counseling Services, PhD, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Restorative Counseling Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC-S
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Spring, TX 77379  (Online Only)
I have been providing therapeutic services since 2005, and as a wife, mother, grandmother, entrepreneur, and counselor, I understand the many hats a person wears to manage life. I understand the challenges that occur when you attempt to balance your life as things are happening. I am always humbled when clients entrust me to join them on their journey to healing, and I never take that trust for granted. During our sessions, we will work together to identify and address the issues that are causing you distress or impacting your life in negative ways.
I have been providing therapeutic services since 2005, and as a wife, mother, grandmother, entrepreneur, and counselor, I understand the many hats a person wears to manage life. I understand the challenges that occur when you attempt to balance your life as things are happening. I am always humbled when clients entrust me to join them on their journey to healing, and I never take that trust for granted. During our sessions, we will work together to identify and address the issues that are causing you distress or impacting your life in negative ways.
(832) 462-7941 View (832) 462-7941
Photo of Priscilla V McLemore, MBA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Priscilla V McLemore
Licensed Professional Counselor, MBA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Spring, TX 77386  (Online Only)
Grief is a universal burden that we all must carry. Just like any heavy load, things can quickly feel unbalanced, putting goals at risk, interrupting progress, or shutting you down all together. You are not alone, and this is not just "all in your head." Finding a soft place to land, where it is safe to say what you are thinking and feeling, is important for healing and growth after life's traumas have touched your life. Therapy can be that place.
Grief is a universal burden that we all must carry. Just like any heavy load, things can quickly feel unbalanced, putting goals at risk, interrupting progress, or shutting you down all together. You are not alone, and this is not just "all in your head." Finding a soft place to land, where it is safe to say what you are thinking and feeling, is important for healing and growth after life's traumas have touched your life. Therapy can be that place.
(830) 465-4007 View (830) 465-4007
1
...

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Spring, TX

400+

Average cost per session

$144

Therapists in Spring, TX who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
87% Depression
73% Coping Skills
73% Self Esteem
71% Stress
70% Relationship Issues
66% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% Aetna
81% Cigna and Evernorth
79% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Spring, TX see their clients

72% In Person and Online
28% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Spring?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.