Brainspotting Therapists in San Antonio, TX

Photo of Peggy Bissing - Peggy Bissing LPC, MA, LPC, LCDC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Peggy Bissing LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LCDC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78258  (Online Only)
Treatment modalities of choice are applied behavioral analysis, cognitive behavior therapy, trauma/family systems therapy, EMDR, Brainspotting and Motivational interviewing to minimize resistance towards treatment efforts.
My specialty is assisting adult and teen survivors of trauma. I have an extensive history working in the public school setting with special needs children and at-risk youth. Additionally, I have experience in the criminal justice system with first responders, crime victims and recovering addicts. My services include post adoption therapeutic assistance for foster children, therapeutic guidance for crime victims, first responders, veterans and assistance to those seeking outpatient treatment for addictions. My ultimate goal is to help adults and children live more fulfilling and productive lives.
Treatment modalities of choice are applied behavioral analysis, cognitive behavior therapy, trauma/family systems therapy, EMDR, Brainspotting and Motivational interviewing to minimize resistance towards treatment efforts.
My specialty is assisting adult and teen survivors of trauma. I have an extensive history working in the public school setting with special needs children and at-risk youth. Additionally, I have experience in the criminal justice system with first responders, crime victims and recovering addicts. My services include post adoption therapeutic assistance for foster children, therapeutic guidance for crime victims, first responders, veterans and assistance to those seeking outpatient treatment for addictions. My ultimate goal is to help adults and children live more fulfilling and productive lives.
(210) 920-7900 View (210) 920-7900
Photo of Marilyn Crawford, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Marilyn Crawford
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78251
Welcome, my name is Marilyn Crawford and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Texas. I work with individuals and specialize in trauma resolution and attachment trauma using EMDR, Internal Family Systems, Brainspotting, and Attachment Therapy to help you process difficult experiences and emotions. I also have experience is working with clients experiencing anxiety, life transitions, and depression.
Welcome, my name is Marilyn Crawford and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Texas. I work with individuals and specialize in trauma resolution and attachment trauma using EMDR, Internal Family Systems, Brainspotting, and Attachment Therapy to help you process difficult experiences and emotions. I also have experience is working with clients experiencing anxiety, life transitions, and depression.
(512) 598-5146 View (512) 598-5146
Photo of Erika Alanis-Garcia, LCSW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erika Alanis-Garcia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78249  (Online Only)
I specialize in Brainspotting and Internal Family Systems (IFS).
I believe life is a journey full of unexpected twists and turns. We experience those times when everything is going just like we had planned it, but then we arrive at those moments in our journey that are full of uncertainty, stress, angst, tension, confusion, self-doubt, you name it. I am here to help you during those difficult times.
I specialize in Brainspotting and Internal Family Systems (IFS).
I believe life is a journey full of unexpected twists and turns. We experience those times when everything is going just like we had planned it, but then we arrive at those moments in our journey that are full of uncertainty, stress, angst, tension, confusion, self-doubt, you name it. I am here to help you during those difficult times.
(210) 953-9618 View (210) 953-9618
Photo of Andrea Cox, MA, LCSW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Andrea Cox
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78247
Please contact Northeast Counseling Center 210-404-4317 for amazing therapists! I provide a safe, non-judgmental, and confidential counseling environment, based on being genuine, empathetic and respectful. My clients should be open and motivated for change. They also respond to my direct, honest, and nurturing approach in therapy. I also incorporate Brainspotting & body awareness into sessions.
Please contact Northeast Counseling Center 210-404-4317 for amazing therapists! I provide a safe, non-judgmental, and confidential counseling environment, based on being genuine, empathetic and respectful. My clients should be open and motivated for change. They also respond to my direct, honest, and nurturing approach in therapy. I also incorporate Brainspotting & body awareness into sessions.
(903) 225-6403 View (903) 225-6403
Photo of Abby Hasberry, LMFT-A, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Abby Hasberry
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78249  (Online Only)
I have been trained in Brainspotting and narrative therapy and believe that the client is the expert in his/her own life.
After years in education as a college professor, teacher, and principal, my joy is working with older adolescents and young adults. My ideal client is reflective and purposeful. My clients are typically young adults transitioning to careers and learning to “adult”, adoptees discovering their identities and processing trauma, and birth/first mothers navigating grief and loss. I support my clients through reflection, trauma processing, self-discovery, and identity development so that they can embrace mental clarity live purposefully.
I have been trained in Brainspotting and narrative therapy and believe that the client is the expert in his/her own life.
After years in education as a college professor, teacher, and principal, my joy is working with older adolescents and young adults. My ideal client is reflective and purposeful. My clients are typically young adults transitioning to careers and learning to “adult”, adoptees discovering their identities and processing trauma, and birth/first mothers navigating grief and loss. I support my clients through reflection, trauma processing, self-discovery, and identity development so that they can embrace mental clarity live purposefully.
(210) 871-9834 View (210) 871-9834
Photo of Uche Chukwureh: Emdr And Brainspotting Intensives, LPC-S, EMDR, BSP, SSP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Uche Chukwureh: Emdr And Brainspotting Intensives
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, EMDR, BSP, SSP
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78247
An EMDR & Brainspotting intensives provides the opportunity for the brain to resume processing experiences as intended.
Human problems and suffering reside with every society and have proved to be ageless. In accepting the reality of the pain and suffering one needs commitment to explore the gamut of human experiences and emerge ready to carry on with some healing and hope for tomorrow. With EMDR & Brainspotting intensives the primary goal is to leave you with the emotions, understanding, and perspectives that will lead to healthy and useful behaviors and interactions. This evidence-based therapy approach also focuses on helping improve performance in your business and sports. It also allows one to address habits and urges that impede growth.
An EMDR & Brainspotting intensives provides the opportunity for the brain to resume processing experiences as intended.
Human problems and suffering reside with every society and have proved to be ageless. In accepting the reality of the pain and suffering one needs commitment to explore the gamut of human experiences and emerge ready to carry on with some healing and hope for tomorrow. With EMDR & Brainspotting intensives the primary goal is to leave you with the emotions, understanding, and perspectives that will lead to healthy and useful behaviors and interactions. This evidence-based therapy approach also focuses on helping improve performance in your business and sports. It also allows one to address habits and urges that impede growth.
(210) 706-0959 View (210) 706-0959
Photo of Maile Giles, LMFT, MA, EMDR, Marriage & Family Therapist
Maile Giles
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA, EMDR
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78212
Let's collaborate and explore what your internal roadblocks are to feel fully alive! What do you want your experience of life to be? What is unconscious that is stopping you from understanding and connecting with yourself, others, life? We can work together to identify blocks and blindspots, gain new awareness and tools. I utilize different types of therapy depending on your needs. NARM- which combines attachment theory and a somatic approach, EMDR, Brainspotting, Emotionally Focused Couple's and Gottman for Couples,Mindfulness and Positive Psychology. I strongly believe in a mind-body approach and lots of psychoeducation.
Let's collaborate and explore what your internal roadblocks are to feel fully alive! What do you want your experience of life to be? What is unconscious that is stopping you from understanding and connecting with yourself, others, life? We can work together to identify blocks and blindspots, gain new awareness and tools. I utilize different types of therapy depending on your needs. NARM- which combines attachment theory and a somatic approach, EMDR, Brainspotting, Emotionally Focused Couple's and Gottman for Couples,Mindfulness and Positive Psychology. I strongly believe in a mind-body approach and lots of psychoeducation.
(210) 585-2879 View (210) 585-2879
Photo of Shelly Bates, MA, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Shelly Bates
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78207
Waitlist for new clients
I use Brainspotting and EMDR to help you achieve the movement and healing you deserve.
Spiritual/Religious abuse & trauma have similar components to childhood attachment trauma, so I work with both populations. The guilt, shame, isolation, fear of abandonment, and rejection may look like codependence, relationship avoidance, anxiety, and depression. You have difficulty trusting in relationships or find yourself drawn to other emotionally unavailable people. You've lost sight of who you are. There's a root, and my goal is to help you heal that root so you can see yourself differently and connect with others from a healthier mindset, thus engaging in healthier relationships. Find your confidence, your inner self.
I use Brainspotting and EMDR to help you achieve the movement and healing you deserve.
Spiritual/Religious abuse & trauma have similar components to childhood attachment trauma, so I work with both populations. The guilt, shame, isolation, fear of abandonment, and rejection may look like codependence, relationship avoidance, anxiety, and depression. You have difficulty trusting in relationships or find yourself drawn to other emotionally unavailable people. You've lost sight of who you are. There's a root, and my goal is to help you heal that root so you can see yourself differently and connect with others from a healthier mindset, thus engaging in healthier relationships. Find your confidence, your inner self.
(972) 636-4457 View (972) 636-4457
Photo of Karicia Corum, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Karicia Corum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78245
I specialize in brain-based therapies, such as Brainspotting; these specific modality of treatment focus on the neurobiological variables (neuro networks) of each person to create change.
Hi, Are you the ‘good’ daughter, the ‘good’ wife, or the ‘good’ mother? Does your life look amazing from the outside but feels less than okay on the inside? It’s important that you have the support of someone who sees and understands you and who can respond to what you are going through. I want to help you discover why you are feeling the way you are, and more importantly, teach you the tools to help move you away from suffering, and towards inner peace. As your therapist I will be beside you every step of the way. Together we will navigate towards the joy, happiness, and self-acceptance you deserve.
I specialize in brain-based therapies, such as Brainspotting; these specific modality of treatment focus on the neurobiological variables (neuro networks) of each person to create change.
Hi, Are you the ‘good’ daughter, the ‘good’ wife, or the ‘good’ mother? Does your life look amazing from the outside but feels less than okay on the inside? It’s important that you have the support of someone who sees and understands you and who can respond to what you are going through. I want to help you discover why you are feeling the way you are, and more importantly, teach you the tools to help move you away from suffering, and towards inner peace. As your therapist I will be beside you every step of the way. Together we will navigate towards the joy, happiness, and self-acceptance you deserve.
(469) 457-3028 View (469) 457-3028
Photo of Kyle R Keller, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kyle R Keller
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78258
Do you find yourself reliving unpleasant memories from your past? These could be situations of childhood abuse/neglect, the horrors of war, or single traumatic events (such as car accidents, assaults, or any situations in which your life or the life of a loved one was threatened). If this is the case, you might have Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, which is common in civilian and military populations. THE GOOD NEWS IS THERE IS A SOLUTION. There is a powerful therapy called EMDR which has proven to be effective with not only PTSD, but also many other mental health disorders, because more often than not, trauma is the core issue.
Do you find yourself reliving unpleasant memories from your past? These could be situations of childhood abuse/neglect, the horrors of war, or single traumatic events (such as car accidents, assaults, or any situations in which your life or the life of a loved one was threatened). If this is the case, you might have Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, which is common in civilian and military populations. THE GOOD NEWS IS THERE IS A SOLUTION. There is a powerful therapy called EMDR which has proven to be effective with not only PTSD, but also many other mental health disorders, because more often than not, trauma is the core issue.
(210) 899-0734 x5 View (210) 899-0734 x5
Photo of Jonette Lucio - Stellar Counseling PLLC, MA, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Stellar Counseling PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78238
Do you have a teenager that has you thinking "what am I doing wrong?" or "they seem to always be in a bad mood, no matter what I do." Well you are not alone, and those thoughts are all a little too common. Understanding teenagers can be difficult, as they struggle with challenges and trials they do not fully understand themselves. If you would like help, I invite you to call and find out how Stellar Counseling can help you and your teen have a more open relationship and understanding them on a new level.
Do you have a teenager that has you thinking "what am I doing wrong?" or "they seem to always be in a bad mood, no matter what I do." Well you are not alone, and those thoughts are all a little too common. Understanding teenagers can be difficult, as they struggle with challenges and trials they do not fully understand themselves. If you would like help, I invite you to call and find out how Stellar Counseling can help you and your teen have a more open relationship and understanding them on a new level.
(210) 672-1281 View (210) 672-1281
Photo of Kimberly S Goodwin, LCSW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kimberly S Goodwin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78230
Finding the right fit for therapy can be a tough challenge. How will I know what it's like to work with a therapist? My clients have described me as "results driven with a clear vision forward no matter what I bring to session", "someone who calls me on my bullshit but in a way I don't feel judged", "imaginative", "like a really encouraging but intense coach for your mental health", "relatable", "never judges" and "like talking to a friend but they know so much about this stuff- like an archeologist but for your mind".
Finding the right fit for therapy can be a tough challenge. How will I know what it's like to work with a therapist? My clients have described me as "results driven with a clear vision forward no matter what I bring to session", "someone who calls me on my bullshit but in a way I don't feel judged", "imaginative", "like a really encouraging but intense coach for your mental health", "relatable", "never judges" and "like talking to a friend but they know so much about this stuff- like an archeologist but for your mind".
(210) 981-3510 View (210) 981-3510
Photo of Elizabeth Ransom - Northeast Counseling Center, PLLC, LPC-S, LCSW, LCSW-S, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Northeast Counseling Center, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, LCSW, LCSW-S, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78247
Our group of clinicians work with a diverse group of clients at different stages in life- from adolescence to older adulthood (age 10 and up.) Collectively we offer decades of experience and assistance with individuals who struggle with anxiety, depression, life stress, grief, body image and weight, and negative symptoms related to trauma. We utilize a variety of theories and techniques to help clients identify challenges, and will work through barriers that prevent optimal mental and emotional health.
Our group of clinicians work with a diverse group of clients at different stages in life- from adolescence to older adulthood (age 10 and up.) Collectively we offer decades of experience and assistance with individuals who struggle with anxiety, depression, life stress, grief, body image and weight, and negative symptoms related to trauma. We utilize a variety of theories and techniques to help clients identify challenges, and will work through barriers that prevent optimal mental and emotional health.
(210) 970-7808 View (210) 970-7808
Photo of Faith Roby, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Faith Roby
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78205
I truly believe that while you may come in broken, by faith, you can leave healed! I approach therapy in a collaborative manner with my clients. To effectively collaborate, I have a "no walking on eggshells" policy in our therapeutic space. Hold on, Faith! What does a “no walking on eggshells” policy mean? This policy empowers my clients to present what they may think are the “icky” parts of themselves without fear of being unrighteously judged in therapy. I will work to earn your trust so have faith in me, yourself, and the process as part of your healing journey.
I truly believe that while you may come in broken, by faith, you can leave healed! I approach therapy in a collaborative manner with my clients. To effectively collaborate, I have a "no walking on eggshells" policy in our therapeutic space. Hold on, Faith! What does a “no walking on eggshells” policy mean? This policy empowers my clients to present what they may think are the “icky” parts of themselves without fear of being unrighteously judged in therapy. I will work to earn your trust so have faith in me, yourself, and the process as part of your healing journey.
(346) 205-0126 View (346) 205-0126
Hope Village Wellness Center
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78247
We are Licensed Therapists that are available to see you in person or online. We accept insurance and private pay. At Hope Village Wellness Center, we strive to inspire hope and support individuals, families and organizations in the comfort of their homes or office through online counseling and consultations. We offer services for depression, anxiety, grief, emotional animal support, relationship issues and job loss/transitions. We offer EMDR therapy, Safe and Sound Protocol sessions, Play therapy, Wellbeing presentations for businesses and Wellness consultations. The Safe and Sound Protocol can be administer in person or remotely.
We are Licensed Therapists that are available to see you in person or online. We accept insurance and private pay. At Hope Village Wellness Center, we strive to inspire hope and support individuals, families and organizations in the comfort of their homes or office through online counseling and consultations. We offer services for depression, anxiety, grief, emotional animal support, relationship issues and job loss/transitions. We offer EMDR therapy, Safe and Sound Protocol sessions, Play therapy, Wellbeing presentations for businesses and Wellness consultations. The Safe and Sound Protocol can be administer in person or remotely.
(210) 934-2283 View (210) 934-2283
Photo of Matthew L Fischer, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Matthew L Fischer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78260  (Online Only)
Do you struggle with worry, feeling overwhelmed, intrusive thoughts, negative self-talk, anger and/or anxiety? Do you struggle within relationships? Are you you're own worst critic? Do you often wish you could just feel happier and more calm? Do you often feel alone with your struggles and feel others don't understand? Do you have goals that you'd like to meet but they often seem out of reach?
Do you struggle with worry, feeling overwhelmed, intrusive thoughts, negative self-talk, anger and/or anxiety? Do you struggle within relationships? Are you you're own worst critic? Do you often wish you could just feel happier and more calm? Do you often feel alone with your struggles and feel others don't understand? Do you have goals that you'd like to meet but they often seem out of reach?
(920) 933-8005 View (920) 933-8005
Photo of Cheryl Camarillo - You Can Heal After Betrayal, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
You Can Heal After Betrayal
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78213
“Why didn’t I know about my husband’s cheating and intimacy issues?” “Is this relationship ending or can it be repaired?” When betrayal trauma happens, it’s important that you find somebody trained or experienced in supporting you through this. I have a group for women who are in a state of shock and need to find the way forward. I also offer intensive coaching to start healing from the anger, sadness, confusion, numbness....you need help for these feelings. Day 1 of finding out about infidelity, porn addiction, or sex addiction is commonly called "D" day - or discovery day. My personal and professional experience can help.
“Why didn’t I know about my husband’s cheating and intimacy issues?” “Is this relationship ending or can it be repaired?” When betrayal trauma happens, it’s important that you find somebody trained or experienced in supporting you through this. I have a group for women who are in a state of shock and need to find the way forward. I also offer intensive coaching to start healing from the anger, sadness, confusion, numbness....you need help for these feelings. Day 1 of finding out about infidelity, porn addiction, or sex addiction is commonly called "D" day - or discovery day. My personal and professional experience can help.
(210) 940-0431 View (210) 940-0431
Photo of Pam Hansen, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Pam Hansen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78256  (Online Only)
My diverse background and down to earth nature is a key element in my counseling style. I believe that for counseling to be most effective it must be done in an environment that is comfortable to my clients. If I can find a "medium" that they can relax in, they are more open about sharing their experiences with me". My counseling expertise is working with clients of domestic violence, sexual assault, recovery, PTSD, anxiety disorders, foster families/children, adjustment disorders and LGBT community. I am trained in EMDR, Brain Spotting and Experiential modes of therapy which I combine with other traditional modes of therapy.
My diverse background and down to earth nature is a key element in my counseling style. I believe that for counseling to be most effective it must be done in an environment that is comfortable to my clients. If I can find a "medium" that they can relax in, they are more open about sharing their experiences with me". My counseling expertise is working with clients of domestic violence, sexual assault, recovery, PTSD, anxiety disorders, foster families/children, adjustment disorders and LGBT community. I am trained in EMDR, Brain Spotting and Experiential modes of therapy which I combine with other traditional modes of therapy.
(830) 376-2888 View (830) 376-2888
Photo of Kyle R. Keller, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kyle R. Keller
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78258
Do you find yourself reliving unpleasant memories from your past? These could be situations of childhood abuse/neglect, the horrors of war, or single traumatic events (such as car accidents, assaults, or any situations in which your life or the life of a loved one was threatened). If this is the case, you might have Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, which is common in civilian and military populations. THE GOOD NEWS IS THERE IS A SOLUTION. There is a powerful therapy called EMDR which has proven to be effective with not only PTSD, but also many other mental health disorders, because more often than not, trauma is the core issue.
Do you find yourself reliving unpleasant memories from your past? These could be situations of childhood abuse/neglect, the horrors of war, or single traumatic events (such as car accidents, assaults, or any situations in which your life or the life of a loved one was threatened). If this is the case, you might have Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, which is common in civilian and military populations. THE GOOD NEWS IS THERE IS A SOLUTION. There is a powerful therapy called EMDR which has proven to be effective with not only PTSD, but also many other mental health disorders, because more often than not, trauma is the core issue.
(210) 879-6249 x5 View (210) 879-6249 x5
Photo of Secrets Hurt Relationships... Start Healing With Cheryl Camarillo, LCSW, CST, AASECT, CSAT, BCIA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Secrets Hurt Relationships... Start Healing With Cheryl Camarillo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CST, AASECT, CSAT, BCIA
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78213
Are you afraid your relationship is over? Struggling with secrets and relationship issues? What you need is a plan to.... change and heal. Are you seeking a non-judgement zone? Learn to stop the shame, blame, guilt and anger. End confusion over what to do and start working on a plan. Have a clear understanding of the problem and plan the best options for moving forward. Certified Sex Therapist and Certified Sex Addiction Therapist: Trained professional in sex therapy, infidelity, sex and porn addiction.
Are you afraid your relationship is over? Struggling with secrets and relationship issues? What you need is a plan to.... change and heal. Are you seeking a non-judgement zone? Learn to stop the shame, blame, guilt and anger. End confusion over what to do and start working on a plan. Have a clear understanding of the problem and plan the best options for moving forward. Certified Sex Therapist and Certified Sex Addiction Therapist: Trained professional in sex therapy, infidelity, sex and porn addiction.
(210) 625-7873 View (210) 625-7873
1

Brainspotting Therapists

How does brainspotting work?

Brainspotting works by using eye positioning to identify and process traumatic memories so that a client is better able to move forward and live with less fear. The theory behind brainspotting is that by identifying where a person looks when thinking of traumatic memories, a therapist will be able to guide them to focus on that spot and work with the client to get them out of the “fight, flight, freeze” response associated with the traumatic memory.

Is brainspotting an evidence-based therapy?

Brainspotting is a theory-based alternative therapy. It is one of the newest forms of treatment, so very little research has been completed that examines the mechanism by which it works. The theory behind brainspotting is that eye position can be linked to areas of the brain that store and process memory.

How effective is brainspotting?

Because it is such a new treatment, the effectiveness of brainspotting cannot be quantified. Some people have found it to be effective on its own, or in conjunction with other types of therapy. It is considered an alternative therapy, and it is popular with people for whom more traditional therapies have proven ineffective.

How long does brainspotting take to work?

A typical brainspotting session will last between 60 to 90 minutes. There is no required number of sessions needed to complete brainspotting therapy, but in many cases it is delivered over the course of about six sessions. Clients are encouraged to rate their level of distress prior to a session and again following a session, and to track progress.