Therapists in Melissa, TX

Photo of Heather McGowen Sanford, MFT-A, MA
Heather McGowen Sanford
LPC Associate, MFT-A, MA
Verified Verified
Melissa, TX 75454
Mental health challenges of your own or a loved one can cause such confusion and pain. Broken relationships can hurt so deeply. These things can put our lives in a wobble and cause us to lose meaning and joy in life. It can cause nagging anxiety or even depression; resulting in anxious thoughts playing on a loop in our minds, yet with the confusion of not knowing where to go from here. Rest assured that hope is just around the corner. You took the first step in reaching out and looking for help. We all need to feel seen and heard and know that we are not alone.
Mental health challenges of your own or a loved one can cause such confusion and pain. Broken relationships can hurt so deeply. These things can put our lives in a wobble and cause us to lose meaning and joy in life. It can cause nagging anxiety or even depression; resulting in anxious thoughts playing on a loop in our minds, yet with the confusion of not knowing where to go from here. Rest assured that hope is just around the corner. You took the first step in reaching out and looking for help. We all need to feel seen and heard and know that we are not alone.
(214) 997-0319 View (214) 997-0319
Photo of Candace David - Village Counseling, LPC-S, LCDC, CEDS-C, Licensed Professional Counselor
Village Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, LCDC, CEDS-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Melissa, TX 75454
Living life takes a village; we consider it a privilege to be part of yours! At Village Counseling we aim to provide support across the lifespan, from kids to adults and couples to families. Our therapists are equipped to help you explore the patterns and hangups in your life that are leading you down well-traveled roads, understand the underlying contributors to your feelings of sadness or anxiety, and make changes to improve your life. We take a person-centered approach which means, we work together to create treatment goals and make meaningful progress using evidence-based therapeutic methods!
Living life takes a village; we consider it a privilege to be part of yours! At Village Counseling we aim to provide support across the lifespan, from kids to adults and couples to families. Our therapists are equipped to help you explore the patterns and hangups in your life that are leading you down well-traveled roads, understand the underlying contributors to your feelings of sadness or anxiety, and make changes to improve your life. We take a person-centered approach which means, we work together to create treatment goals and make meaningful progress using evidence-based therapeutic methods!
(469) 607-0198 View (469) 607-0198
Photo of Marissa Hathaway, MS, LPC , Licensed Professional Counselor
Marissa Hathaway
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Melissa, TX 75454  (Online Only)
The most important relationship you will ever have is the one with yourself. I believe validating, empathic and compassionate care is where the therapeutic journey begins. If you aren’t living in a way that is genuine to you, your life can feel chaotic, conflicted, depressing or detached. We have the potential to be the most authentic versions of ourselves and live in a way that we feel validated and confident in ourselves and our abilities. I take pride in having a personable and authentic approach with my clients. I offer skills to help you with what you bring to therapy, in addition to real talk.
The most important relationship you will ever have is the one with yourself. I believe validating, empathic and compassionate care is where the therapeutic journey begins. If you aren’t living in a way that is genuine to you, your life can feel chaotic, conflicted, depressing or detached. We have the potential to be the most authentic versions of ourselves and live in a way that we feel validated and confident in ourselves and our abilities. I take pride in having a personable and authentic approach with my clients. I offer skills to help you with what you bring to therapy, in addition to real talk.
(281) 606-5705 View (281) 606-5705
Photo of Samantha M. Culbertson, PhD, LPC, NPT-C, Licensed Professional Counselor
Samantha M. Culbertson
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, NPT-C
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Melissa, TX 75454
It takes tremendous courage to reach out for help - I am wholeheartedly committed to serving clients with their individual needs. I have extensive training and 25 years of professional experience and 'life' wisdom. This has allowed me to develop a positive psychological approach and concrete strategies that have been transformative for my clients. Please visit our website for more information. www.theyellowrosecounselingassociates.com
It takes tremendous courage to reach out for help - I am wholeheartedly committed to serving clients with their individual needs. I have extensive training and 25 years of professional experience and 'life' wisdom. This has allowed me to develop a positive psychological approach and concrete strategies that have been transformative for my clients. Please visit our website for more information. www.theyellowrosecounselingassociates.com
(972) 848-9392 View (972) 848-9392
Photo of Zach Small, MS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Zach Small
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS
Verified Verified
Melissa, TX 75454
I specialize in treating PTSD, trauma, anxiety, and depression. I also teach stress management and life transition skills. Through the use of primarily EMDR, Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT), and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) I tailor treatment approaches to meet your unique needs and comfort level.
I specialize in treating PTSD, trauma, anxiety, and depression. I also teach stress management and life transition skills. Through the use of primarily EMDR, Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT), and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) I tailor treatment approaches to meet your unique needs and comfort level.
(469) 689-0687 View (469) 689-0687
Photo of Nicckay Natson - Rejuvenation Counseling, Coaching & Consulting LLC, LCCP, LCMFT, LCCT, Pastoral Counselor
Rejuvenation Counseling, Coaching & Consulting LLC
Pastoral Counselor, LCCP, LCMFT, LCCT
Verified Verified
Melissa, TX 75454  (Online Only)
Dr. Nicckay Natson is the Executive Director and Founder of Rejuvenation Counseling Coaching & Consulting LLC. Dr. Nicckay is a Licensed Clinical Christian Psychologist, Licensed Clinical Christian Therapist and Licensed Clinical Christian Marriage and Family Therapist a Licensed and Ordained Minister, Certified Life Coach, Certified Mentor and Certified Marriage Mentor. She is also a Certified Symbis facilitator. She has been a therapist/therapist supervisor/behavior analyst for over 18 years combined in the secular arena before she decided to start a Christian Counseling Practice to help those that are in need.
Dr. Nicckay Natson is the Executive Director and Founder of Rejuvenation Counseling Coaching & Consulting LLC. Dr. Nicckay is a Licensed Clinical Christian Psychologist, Licensed Clinical Christian Therapist and Licensed Clinical Christian Marriage and Family Therapist a Licensed and Ordained Minister, Certified Life Coach, Certified Mentor and Certified Marriage Mentor. She is also a Certified Symbis facilitator. She has been a therapist/therapist supervisor/behavior analyst for over 18 years combined in the secular arena before she decided to start a Christian Counseling Practice to help those that are in need.
(678) 922-4645 View (678) 922-4645
Photo of Yaschia Kinsey - Transitional Therapy LLC, LMHC, CASAC , LPC, Counselor
Transitional Therapy LLC
Counselor, LMHC, CASAC , LPC
Verified Verified
Melissa, TX 75454  (Online Only)
Does change make you feel uncomfortable? are you anxious about the future? worried about the past? or having a difficult time being present in the moment? life can be overwhelming sometimes, but the good news is you don't have to figure it out on your own. As your therapist, I will help you navigate through difficult transitions in life, assist you with reaching your desired goals and provide you with the necessary resources that you may need in order to have a healthy relationship with yourself and others.
Does change make you feel uncomfortable? are you anxious about the future? worried about the past? or having a difficult time being present in the moment? life can be overwhelming sometimes, but the good news is you don't have to figure it out on your own. As your therapist, I will help you navigate through difficult transitions in life, assist you with reaching your desired goals and provide you with the necessary resources that you may need in order to have a healthy relationship with yourself and others.
(214) 751-6465 View (214) 751-6465
Photo of LoriBeth Brown Blending Family Specialist, MAC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
LoriBeth Brown Blending Family Specialist
Licensed Professional Counselor, MAC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Melissa, TX 75454
It is vital for each client to feel comfortable with their counselor. Therapy works best when it is open and honest so that trust is built within sessions. The client and counselor work together as a team to find the problems, set goals, and put effort into the solutions so that the client can grow into who they desire to become.
It is vital for each client to feel comfortable with their counselor. Therapy works best when it is open and honest so that trust is built within sessions. The client and counselor work together as a team to find the problems, set goals, and put effort into the solutions so that the client can grow into who they desire to become.
(469) 416-3109 View (469) 416-3109
Photo of Renae Heilman, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Renae Heilman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Melissa, TX 75454
Waitlist for new clients
My ideal client wants change. Although they may be struggling, they are trying to hold on to hope. There is hope. If you are struggling with depression and anxiety, trying to cope with past trauma or just navigating life's challenges, there is hope. I work from a cognitive behavioral model to understand the connection of our thoughts, feelings, and actions and how one may be stuck in a cycle with these thoughts and feelings dragging them down. I am an active counselor, so I don't just sit back, we work together with you developing the skills you need to move forward with your life. I also provide EMDR services.
My ideal client wants change. Although they may be struggling, they are trying to hold on to hope. There is hope. If you are struggling with depression and anxiety, trying to cope with past trauma or just navigating life's challenges, there is hope. I work from a cognitive behavioral model to understand the connection of our thoughts, feelings, and actions and how one may be stuck in a cycle with these thoughts and feelings dragging them down. I am an active counselor, so I don't just sit back, we work together with you developing the skills you need to move forward with your life. I also provide EMDR services.
(430) 204-2223 View (430) 204-2223
Photo of Sarah Oliva, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sarah Oliva
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Melissa, TX 75454
I hope to be someone you can seek support from, but who can also help to guide you to feel more in control, more grounded, and better able to face everyday stressors that pop up along the way. I believe we all have the power to grow from challenges; we just need the right guidance and space to do so. I love walking alongside clients to help them navigate these challenges.
I hope to be someone you can seek support from, but who can also help to guide you to feel more in control, more grounded, and better able to face everyday stressors that pop up along the way. I believe we all have the power to grow from challenges; we just need the right guidance and space to do so. I love walking alongside clients to help them navigate these challenges.
(469) 382-4535 View (469) 382-4535
Photo of Kristi Stevens, MA
Kristi Stevens
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Melissa, TX 75454
I am a mother of 2 boys, ages 21 and 25. I truly enjoyed every minute of raising them, even the hard moments. My oldest son is now married and in Seattle with his wife. My youngest is the fireball who has DiGeorge syndrome. It was challenging many times, but I have been his advocate through his entire life and still am to this day. I am now an empty nester with just my sweet dog Dixon, an American Eskimo.
I am a mother of 2 boys, ages 21 and 25. I truly enjoyed every minute of raising them, even the hard moments. My oldest son is now married and in Seattle with his wife. My youngest is the fireball who has DiGeorge syndrome. It was challenging many times, but I have been his advocate through his entire life and still am to this day. I am now an empty nester with just my sweet dog Dixon, an American Eskimo.
(972) 476-0294 View (972) 476-0294
Photo of Gloria Gitlin, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Gloria Gitlin
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Melissa, TX 75454  (Online Only)
Hello, I am Gloria Gitlin, a licensed professional counselor with forty-two years of clinical experience. I have experience working with Individuals, Couples, Families, and Minors who are facing Behavioral Issues, Emotional Disturbance, Family Conflict, Self Esteem, Spirituality, Anxiety, and many more. I use a mix of ACT, Adlerian, Christian Counseling, Client-Centered Therapy, CBT, CPT, Compassion Focused, Couples Therapy, Culturally Sensitive, EFT, Family Systems, Family Therapy, Group Therapy, Interpersonal, Jungian, MBCT, Intervention, and many more. I believe I could help others in distress and give peace in their situations.
Hello, I am Gloria Gitlin, a licensed professional counselor with forty-two years of clinical experience. I have experience working with Individuals, Couples, Families, and Minors who are facing Behavioral Issues, Emotional Disturbance, Family Conflict, Self Esteem, Spirituality, Anxiety, and many more. I use a mix of ACT, Adlerian, Christian Counseling, Client-Centered Therapy, CBT, CPT, Compassion Focused, Couples Therapy, Culturally Sensitive, EFT, Family Systems, Family Therapy, Group Therapy, Interpersonal, Jungian, MBCT, Intervention, and many more. I believe I could help others in distress and give peace in their situations.
(956) 395-3864 View (956) 395-3864
Photo of Krysta Lacy, MS
Krysta Lacy
MS
Verified Verified
Melissa, TX 75454
Do you feel as though you will never have a healthy relationship: with your family? with your significant other? with yourself? with food? Do you struggle to love and appreciate the person staring back at you in the mirror? Do you feel stuck in habits that result in self-sabotage and feelings of shame? Do you feel unworthy or undeserving of stability or contentment, so you turn to unhealthy eating patterns, toxic relationships, or substances? Maybe the trauma you have experienced has not been managed effectively and you don't have the tools to heal and feel relief.
Do you feel as though you will never have a healthy relationship: with your family? with your significant other? with yourself? with food? Do you struggle to love and appreciate the person staring back at you in the mirror? Do you feel stuck in habits that result in self-sabotage and feelings of shame? Do you feel unworthy or undeserving of stability or contentment, so you turn to unhealthy eating patterns, toxic relationships, or substances? Maybe the trauma you have experienced has not been managed effectively and you don't have the tools to heal and feel relief.
(972) 430-4972 View (972) 430-4972
Photo of Joan Deming-Combs, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Joan Deming-Combs
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Melissa, TX 75454
I honor the courage and willingness it takes to step into the counseling journey. My specializations are anxiety and stress management, parenting issues, and life changes. I listen. I create a warm, open, safe, nonjudgmental counseling environment as I connect with clients to understand their needs and help facilitate self-understanding, skills, and growth. I typically treat women and men experiencing anxiety related to work, family, and life balance. I also assist you as you maneuver through the ever-present changes in life. My focus is you, and your needs.
I honor the courage and willingness it takes to step into the counseling journey. My specializations are anxiety and stress management, parenting issues, and life changes. I listen. I create a warm, open, safe, nonjudgmental counseling environment as I connect with clients to understand their needs and help facilitate self-understanding, skills, and growth. I typically treat women and men experiencing anxiety related to work, family, and life balance. I also assist you as you maneuver through the ever-present changes in life. My focus is you, and your needs.
(281) 940-3832 View (281) 940-3832
Photo of Tim Kerby, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tim Kerby
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Melissa, TX 75454
Would you like to put your marriage back together, resolve conflict in a relationship, develop more effective parenting skills, or have a better understanding of your child's behaviors? Are you feeling depressed and struggling to find answers for the way you feel? Do you feel anxious at times and don't know where to turn? Are you grieving over a lost relationship? We can develop a plan with achievable goals, that will help you get where you want to be. My approach to healing, is one that emphasizes how our thoughts impact how we feel and what we do. All sessions are in person only.
Would you like to put your marriage back together, resolve conflict in a relationship, develop more effective parenting skills, or have a better understanding of your child's behaviors? Are you feeling depressed and struggling to find answers for the way you feel? Do you feel anxious at times and don't know where to turn? Are you grieving over a lost relationship? We can develop a plan with achievable goals, that will help you get where you want to be. My approach to healing, is one that emphasizes how our thoughts impact how we feel and what we do. All sessions are in person only.
(214) 299-5205 View (214) 299-5205
Photo of Deborah Muse, MA, LPC, LMFT, EMDR, Licensed Professional Counselor
Deborah Muse
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LMFT, EMDR
Verified Verified
Melissa, TX 75454
Hello and welcome! I’m Deborah Muse, a licensed professional counselor & marriage family therapist with over 25 years of experience working with individuals, couples & families to overcome life’s challenges & achieve meaningful growth. My mission is to provide a safe & supportive space, a listening ear, and a non-judgmental heart for individuals to share struggles, explore feelings and receive the support & guidance they need to gain insight & find solutions to their problems & create a healthier & happier life. Feeling heard and understood is powerful in the healing process & I'm honored to walk alongside others in this process.
Hello and welcome! I’m Deborah Muse, a licensed professional counselor & marriage family therapist with over 25 years of experience working with individuals, couples & families to overcome life’s challenges & achieve meaningful growth. My mission is to provide a safe & supportive space, a listening ear, and a non-judgmental heart for individuals to share struggles, explore feelings and receive the support & guidance they need to gain insight & find solutions to their problems & create a healthier & happier life. Feeling heard and understood is powerful in the healing process & I'm honored to walk alongside others in this process.
(469) 618-8838 View (469) 618-8838
Photo of Clayton Jech, MS, LPC, CCTP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Clayton Jech
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Melissa, TX 75454
Every client has a story. I help my client explore their story, values and beliefs. I enjoy a client who likes to interact with these issues and want to work to see the "why" behind their beliefs and behaviors. I also enjoy clients who like to set goals for themselves and their relationships and are willing to work towards them.
Every client has a story. I help my client explore their story, values and beliefs. I enjoy a client who likes to interact with these issues and want to work to see the "why" behind their beliefs and behaviors. I also enjoy clients who like to set goals for themselves and their relationships and are willing to work towards them.
(972) 472-4930 View (972) 472-4930
Photo of Mara Yachimski
Mara Yachimski
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Melissa, TX 75454
Do you struggle with unresolved trauma that affects your ability to connect with others? Do you feel overlooked by those who don't seem to "get it"? Do you wonder if being happy should be easier? Now more than ever people find themselves feeling lost and detached, as if they don't fit in with the rest of the world. I believe you are more powerful than you know. At Village Counseling, I offer an empowering experience for my clients.
Do you struggle with unresolved trauma that affects your ability to connect with others? Do you feel overlooked by those who don't seem to "get it"? Do you wonder if being happy should be easier? Now more than ever people find themselves feeling lost and detached, as if they don't fit in with the rest of the world. I believe you are more powerful than you know. At Village Counseling, I offer an empowering experience for my clients.
(469) 672-9329 View (469) 672-9329
Photo of Dr. Sandy McMillan, EdD, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dr. Sandy McMillan
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdD, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Melissa, TX 75454
My therapeutic approach employs flexible integration. This style enables the counseling experience to be tailored to the individual needs and style of each client. This can range from behavioral to psychodynamic techniques. The methods are different but complimentary in order to give each client the most effective experience. Clients will feel free to express their innermost thoughts, feelings, and ideas through a non-threatening, non-judgmental environment. Utilizing techniques that complement each unique personality will enable clients to gain confidence in achieving their goals.
My therapeutic approach employs flexible integration. This style enables the counseling experience to be tailored to the individual needs and style of each client. This can range from behavioral to psychodynamic techniques. The methods are different but complimentary in order to give each client the most effective experience. Clients will feel free to express their innermost thoughts, feelings, and ideas through a non-threatening, non-judgmental environment. Utilizing techniques that complement each unique personality will enable clients to gain confidence in achieving their goals.
(972) 528-0802 View (972) 528-0802
Photo of Michelle Heller - Hope In Motion, PLLC, MS, LPC, CCATP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Hope In Motion, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CCATP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Melissa, TX 75454  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Texas. I received my B.S in Clinical/Applied Psychology and my M.S in Clinical/Applied Psychology from Texas A&M University-Commerce. Additionally, I am a Certified Clinical Anxiety Treatment Professional (CCATP). Throughout my career, I have had experience working with adolescents (16+) and young adults who have depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, personality disorders, gender/identity struggles, and life adjustment stressors.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Texas. I received my B.S in Clinical/Applied Psychology and my M.S in Clinical/Applied Psychology from Texas A&M University-Commerce. Additionally, I am a Certified Clinical Anxiety Treatment Professional (CCATP). Throughout my career, I have had experience working with adolescents (16+) and young adults who have depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, personality disorders, gender/identity struggles, and life adjustment stressors.
(214) 865-7553 View (214) 865-7553
1

See more therapy options for Melissa

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Melissa, TX

30+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Melissa, TX who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
97% Depression
91% Self Esteem
88% Coping Skills
85% Life Transitions
82% Stress
76% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

7 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

88% Cigna and Evernorth
81% Aetna
69% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Melissa, TX see their clients

82% In Person and Online
18% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
15% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Melissa?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.