Depression Therapists in Lago Vista, TX

Photo of Laurie Hamilton, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Laurie Hamilton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lago Vista, TX 78645
Accepting new clients at both locations. I specialize in working with women, teens and preteens struggling with anxiety, depression or having experienced traumatic events. I have done so in a variety of ways for more than 14 years. In a positive and caring environment, I will not only listen, but provide you with helpful skills to overcome the struggles. I realize one-size does not fit all and will work with your concerns. You set the goals, and we will get there together.
Accepting new clients at both locations. I specialize in working with women, teens and preteens struggling with anxiety, depression or having experienced traumatic events. I have done so in a variety of ways for more than 14 years. In a positive and caring environment, I will not only listen, but provide you with helpful skills to overcome the struggles. I realize one-size does not fit all and will work with your concerns. You set the goals, and we will get there together.
(512) 270-6472 View (512) 270-6472
Photo of Susan Valley, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Susan Valley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Lago Vista, TX 78645
My ideal client would be where you find yourself trying to hold it together, and you may not look for help until a situation has gotten worse and its almost a crisis. That situation will significantly affect your life, and you will hit a breaking point. This might be self-esteem, anxiety, depression, adjusting to life changes, codependency, grief, health issues, or just feeling stuck. It's hard to ask for help but here you are, and what you thought might work is not working any more. You would find yourself in my office feeling overwhelmed, frustrated, confused but feeling like you had taken the first step to finding HOPE.
My ideal client would be where you find yourself trying to hold it together, and you may not look for help until a situation has gotten worse and its almost a crisis. That situation will significantly affect your life, and you will hit a breaking point. This might be self-esteem, anxiety, depression, adjusting to life changes, codependency, grief, health issues, or just feeling stuck. It's hard to ask for help but here you are, and what you thought might work is not working any more. You would find yourself in my office feeling overwhelmed, frustrated, confused but feeling like you had taken the first step to finding HOPE.
(737) 302-5865 View (737) 302-5865
Photo of Tina Marie Schmidt, LCSW, CCTP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tina Marie Schmidt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lago Vista, TX 78645
In-Person & Saturday availability! Your "stuff" is destroying your happiness, your relationships and your quality of life. You feel that things have got to change, and you want that change to start sooner than later. I can help you with that. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, past traumas, anger, low self-esteem or caught in the grips of substance abuse, I am here to support you every step of the way. Together, we will explore your experiences, uncover your strengths, and empower you to make lasting changes. You need change. You deserve change. Contact me today to schedule an appointment to begin.
In-Person & Saturday availability! Your "stuff" is destroying your happiness, your relationships and your quality of life. You feel that things have got to change, and you want that change to start sooner than later. I can help you with that. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, past traumas, anger, low self-esteem or caught in the grips of substance abuse, I am here to support you every step of the way. Together, we will explore your experiences, uncover your strengths, and empower you to make lasting changes. You need change. You deserve change. Contact me today to schedule an appointment to begin.
(737) 727-2439 View (737) 727-2439
Photo of James A. Fry, MEd, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
James A. Fry
Marriage & Family Therapist, MEd, LMFT
Verified Verified
Lago Vista, TX 78645  (Online Only)
My role as a Psychotherapist, is to be a guide of encouraging, supporting people to learn ways to cope and grow. I am frequently a medium to help others to learn how and when to be flexible in living a more stress free and harmonious life.
My role as a Psychotherapist, is to be a guide of encouraging, supporting people to learn ways to cope and grow. I am frequently a medium to help others to learn how and when to be flexible in living a more stress free and harmonious life.
(512) 861-8947 View (512) 861-8947
Photo of Aaron M Fullmer, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Aaron M Fullmer
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Lago Vista, TX 78645
Turn your never-ending pattern of defeat with your partner into an ever-growing source of enrichment. You may feel unwanted, unvalued, rejected or unsafe in a relationship that used to be marked by love and intimacy. Despite your best efforts, every interaction ends in a damaging fight or excruciating loneliness. These are predictable experiences to problems that have a highly effective solution.
Turn your never-ending pattern of defeat with your partner into an ever-growing source of enrichment. You may feel unwanted, unvalued, rejected or unsafe in a relationship that used to be marked by love and intimacy. Despite your best efforts, every interaction ends in a damaging fight or excruciating loneliness. These are predictable experiences to problems that have a highly effective solution.
(512) 866-1366 View (512) 866-1366

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Amanda Lieberg - Balanced In Wellness Therapy, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Balanced In Wellness Therapy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cedar Park, TX 78613
My passion lies in supporting families dealing with a range of challenges, including anxiety, depression, and ADHD.
I have a deep understanding of the complexities people face in their lives and the importance of integrating various aspects of health & well-being in therapy. My focus is an integrative approach, particularly in addressing ADHD & mood disorders. These conditions can significantly impact individuals' lives, and providing specialized support can make a profound difference. I incorporate approaches that address both the psychological & physiological aspects of these conditions. From CBT to mindfulness practices, finding a personalized blend of strategies can empower individuals to better manage symptoms and navigate challenges.
My passion lies in supporting families dealing with a range of challenges, including anxiety, depression, and ADHD.
I have a deep understanding of the complexities people face in their lives and the importance of integrating various aspects of health & well-being in therapy. My focus is an integrative approach, particularly in addressing ADHD & mood disorders. These conditions can significantly impact individuals' lives, and providing specialized support can make a profound difference. I incorporate approaches that address both the psychological & physiological aspects of these conditions. From CBT to mindfulness practices, finding a personalized blend of strategies can empower individuals to better manage symptoms and navigate challenges.
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Photo of Michele L Simonich, LCSW-S, LCDC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michele L Simonich
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S, LCDC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cedar Park, TX 78613
Waitlist for new clients
I have worked since 2008 in the mental health field helping a diverse population that includes; chronic mental illness, couples, depression, anxiety, psychosis, polyamorous/sexual open couples, forensic/jail diversion populations, veterans, active military, and their families, couples, at-risk teenagers, LGBTQ, Bipolar disorder, substance abuse, PTSD/trauma,.
We all have moments in our lives where we could use a little extra support to get through difficult times. We are all trying to manage the struggles of daily life and all the things that come along with balancing work, relationships, family, friendships, and many other things that surface unexpectedly. I can help you improve your quality of life, establish the tools needed to work through your current struggles & support you in getting back to the joy and excitement you once felt in your life. "If you carry joy in your heart, you can heal any moment" -Carlos Santana.
I have worked since 2008 in the mental health field helping a diverse population that includes; chronic mental illness, couples, depression, anxiety, psychosis, polyamorous/sexual open couples, forensic/jail diversion populations, veterans, active military, and their families, couples, at-risk teenagers, LGBTQ, Bipolar disorder, substance abuse, PTSD/trauma,.
We all have moments in our lives where we could use a little extra support to get through difficult times. We are all trying to manage the struggles of daily life and all the things that come along with balancing work, relationships, family, friendships, and many other things that surface unexpectedly. I can help you improve your quality of life, establish the tools needed to work through your current struggles & support you in getting back to the joy and excitement you once felt in your life. "If you carry joy in your heart, you can heal any moment" -Carlos Santana.
(512) 866-1053 View (512) 866-1053
Photo of Richard John Rathbun, PhD, LPC, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Richard John Rathbun
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78732  (Online Only)
I would describe my practice as helping people work through life issues in ways that promote relational, emotional and spiritual growth. My clinical areas of interest include spirituality, depression, anxiety, and relationship problems. I also specialize in working with men's issues. I apply a Christian/faith-based approach to counseling and am trained in both theology and professional counseling. I am an ordained minister and pastoral counselor. I don't impose my beliefs on clients, and respect all faith/spiritual traditions as valuable resources for healing. Areas of expertise include depression, anxiety, childhood abuse, personality disorders, faith crisis, marriage, family, adolescent, and relationship issues.
I would describe my practice as helping people work through life issues in ways that promote relational, emotional and spiritual growth. My clinical areas of interest include spirituality, depression, anxiety, and relationship problems. I also specialize in working with men's issues. I apply a Christian/faith-based approach to counseling and am trained in both theology and professional counseling. I am an ordained minister and pastoral counselor. I don't impose my beliefs on clients, and respect all faith/spiritual traditions as valuable resources for healing. Areas of expertise include depression, anxiety, childhood abuse, personality disorders, faith crisis, marriage, family, adolescent, and relationship issues.
(512) 430-4529 View (512) 430-4529
Photo of Madison Vencill, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Madison Vencill
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Cedar Park, TX 78613
Hello, my name is Maddy! If you are struggling, and seeking emotional support, in combination with tools and tips for managing and reducing undesirable feelings, thoughts, and/or behaviors, I would be honored to work with you. I love working with individuals aged 18-40, who may just need some support, or are struggling with depression, anxiety, family conflict, impulsivity, anger and trauma. Whatever brings you to my page, please know that there is hope and healing to be found - whether it be me, or someone else, who has the privilege of guiding and supporting you through your journey.
Hello, my name is Maddy! If you are struggling, and seeking emotional support, in combination with tools and tips for managing and reducing undesirable feelings, thoughts, and/or behaviors, I would be honored to work with you. I love working with individuals aged 18-40, who may just need some support, or are struggling with depression, anxiety, family conflict, impulsivity, anger and trauma. Whatever brings you to my page, please know that there is hope and healing to be found - whether it be me, or someone else, who has the privilege of guiding and supporting you through your journey.
(737) 259-7497 View (737) 259-7497
Photo of Jennifer Allen Norton, MA, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jennifer Allen Norton
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Cedar Park, TX 78613
Common issues addressed in therapy include relationships, stress, depression, anxiety, grief, life transitions, and abuse and neglect.
Making the decision to begin counseling can be difficult, and finding a therapist that is a good match can be equally overwhelming. I work to create a comfortable, safe, and supportive environment to make it easier to start the process. Everyone enters therapy at a different emotional place, and I work to meet clients where they are. Although I use various methods, my approach is relational because the most powerful catalyst for change is the relationship that we create together during our sessions. I want your therapy to be meaningful to you, and I am upfront and engaging during sessions.
Common issues addressed in therapy include relationships, stress, depression, anxiety, grief, life transitions, and abuse and neglect.
Making the decision to begin counseling can be difficult, and finding a therapist that is a good match can be equally overwhelming. I work to create a comfortable, safe, and supportive environment to make it easier to start the process. Everyone enters therapy at a different emotional place, and I work to meet clients where they are. Although I use various methods, my approach is relational because the most powerful catalyst for change is the relationship that we create together during our sessions. I want your therapy to be meaningful to you, and I am upfront and engaging during sessions.
(512) 772-2498 View (512) 772-2498
Photo of Hilary Barton - Hilary Barton, LCSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Hilary Barton, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bee Cave, TX 78738
Offering specialization in: * Treatment of Trauma, Abuse, PTSD * Anxiety, Depression, Mood Disorders * Development of Self-Confidence and Self-Compassion * Effectiveness in Relationships and Communication Skills * Successful Navigation of Life Transitions
Offering specialization in: * Treatment of Trauma, Abuse, PTSD * Anxiety, Depression, Mood Disorders * Development of Self-Confidence and Self-Compassion * Effectiveness in Relationships and Communication Skills * Successful Navigation of Life Transitions
(512) 400-3114 View (512) 400-3114
Photo of Jennifer L Harrington, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer L Harrington
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Cedar Park, TX 78613  (Online Only)
The majority of my clients have sought therapy for help with stress, having healthy relationships, anxiety, depression, PTSD, managing chronic mental disorders, and may have experienced trauma, abuse, and/or neglect.
***Teletherapy***Phone/Video Sessions and Messaging Plans Available*** I am currently accepting new clients across the state of Texas for teletherapy. As a therapist my goal is to join you on your journey, provide support, offer tools, and empower you to meet your goals. My style is non-judgmental and exploratory. I will be direct and honest with you, challenge you when necessary, and always strive to bring out your greatest potential.
The majority of my clients have sought therapy for help with stress, having healthy relationships, anxiety, depression, PTSD, managing chronic mental disorders, and may have experienced trauma, abuse, and/or neglect.
***Teletherapy***Phone/Video Sessions and Messaging Plans Available*** I am currently accepting new clients across the state of Texas for teletherapy. As a therapist my goal is to join you on your journey, provide support, offer tools, and empower you to meet your goals. My style is non-judgmental and exploratory. I will be direct and honest with you, challenge you when necessary, and always strive to bring out your greatest potential.
(214) 972-3398 View (214) 972-3398
Photo of Robbin Virginia Rose-Gross, PhD, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Robbin Virginia Rose-Gross
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cedar Park, TX 78613
Are you looking for inner peace and hope in your life? Are you experiencing sadness, anxiety, stress, or depression? Do you feel frustrated and stuck with no one to share your deepest thoughts and feelings? Well, today is your day! You have come to the right place! I am here for you.
Are you looking for inner peace and hope in your life? Are you experiencing sadness, anxiety, stress, or depression? Do you feel frustrated and stuck with no one to share your deepest thoughts and feelings? Well, today is your day! You have come to the right place! I am here for you.
(737) 227-8139 View (737) 227-8139
Photo of Marie V Martinez, LPC-A, MA
Marie V Martinez
LPC Associate, LPC-A, MA
Verified Verified
Cedar Park, TX 78613  (Online Only)
I have experience in working with those who have experienced difficulties with life transitions, trauma, anxiety, and depression.
All appointments are telehealth. I have a passion for assisting others in their journey of healing from within. Life experiences can bring about many feelings and emotions that may make it difficult to show one’s true self, I am here to help one navigate through those life experiences and aide in the healing process.
I have experience in working with those who have experienced difficulties with life transitions, trauma, anxiety, and depression.
All appointments are telehealth. I have a passion for assisting others in their journey of healing from within. Life experiences can bring about many feelings and emotions that may make it difficult to show one’s true self, I am here to help one navigate through those life experiences and aide in the healing process.
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Photo of Juliana 'Julie' Guirguis, MA, LPC, LCDC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Juliana 'Julie' Guirguis
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LCDC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78738
Not accepting new clients
**Currently I do not have schedule availability for new clients** My goal is to guide you through life's ups and downs. I work with individuals experiencing depression, anxiety, mood challenges, substance use, life stressors and cultural challenges. I believe in collaborating with you as you are ultimately the expert on your life.
**Currently I do not have schedule availability for new clients** My goal is to guide you through life's ups and downs. I work with individuals experiencing depression, anxiety, mood challenges, substance use, life stressors and cultural challenges. I believe in collaborating with you as you are ultimately the expert on your life.
(512) 270-6511 View (512) 270-6511
Photo of Gregory Mark Spayd, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Gregory Mark Spayd
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Cedar Park, TX 78613  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My experience working with clients in these areas provides excellent direction and makes me a skilled ally: Traumatic life events, Chronic Illness, Anxiety, Depression, Coping Skills, and LGBTQ+.
We all walk this earth together, and I consider it a great gift each time I have the privilege of walking beside a fellow human being as they reach out to someone to assist along the way. Many people are unaware that they already possess formidable personal strengths, which may, when thoughtfully paired with self-awareness, event processing, and healing, yield lives of skilled resilience. I offer you my presence, empathy, skills, and unconditional positive regard as we, together, gain clarity about your situation and build a path forward for you.
My experience working with clients in these areas provides excellent direction and makes me a skilled ally: Traumatic life events, Chronic Illness, Anxiety, Depression, Coping Skills, and LGBTQ+.
We all walk this earth together, and I consider it a great gift each time I have the privilege of walking beside a fellow human being as they reach out to someone to assist along the way. Many people are unaware that they already possess formidable personal strengths, which may, when thoughtfully paired with self-awareness, event processing, and healing, yield lives of skilled resilience. I offer you my presence, empathy, skills, and unconditional positive regard as we, together, gain clarity about your situation and build a path forward for you.
(737) 204-5597 View (737) 204-5597
Photo of Bill L Deggs - Bill Deggs, LPC, RPT (Fyt Clinic PLLC), MA, MEd, LPC, RPT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Bill Deggs, LPC, RPT (Fyt Clinic PLLC)
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MEd, LPC, RPT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lakeway, TX 78734
I myself struggled with Anxiety and Depression as a young person. I often like to joke that I took my first psychology class as a DIY project. As I discovered what worked for me, I realized that I wanted to share that knowledge with other people. I view therapy as a place to feel safe, express feelings, explore relationships, describe experiences, and (if necessary) revisit old wounds to heal from them. In my practice I am passionate about utilizing Positive Psychology, strength-based approaches and CBT to achieve better mental health.
I myself struggled with Anxiety and Depression as a young person. I often like to joke that I took my first psychology class as a DIY project. As I discovered what worked for me, I realized that I wanted to share that knowledge with other people. I view therapy as a place to feel safe, express feelings, explore relationships, describe experiences, and (if necessary) revisit old wounds to heal from them. In my practice I am passionate about utilizing Positive Psychology, strength-based approaches and CBT to achieve better mental health.
(512) 265-8884 View (512) 265-8884
Photo of Katherine Frenzel, LPC-A, Pre-Licensed Professional
Katherine Frenzel
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC-A
Verified Verified
Cedar Park, TX 78613
Katherine Frenzel is a Licensed Professional Counselor-Associate supervised by Angela Hardin, LPC-S. Katherine has over 4 years of experience providing mental health services to a variety of clientele, including adults struggling with substance abuse, children and adolescents in the foster care system, and those struggling with mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. Katherine is passionate about helping clients address underlying issues and walking alongside them as they seek healing and growth. She is equipped to work with clients struggling with mood disorders, life transitions, low self-esteem, and trauma symptoms.
Katherine Frenzel is a Licensed Professional Counselor-Associate supervised by Angela Hardin, LPC-S. Katherine has over 4 years of experience providing mental health services to a variety of clientele, including adults struggling with substance abuse, children and adolescents in the foster care system, and those struggling with mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. Katherine is passionate about helping clients address underlying issues and walking alongside them as they seek healing and growth. She is equipped to work with clients struggling with mood disorders, life transitions, low self-esteem, and trauma symptoms.
(737) 373-3032 View (737) 373-3032
Photo of Nancelina Piernik, MA , LPC , CSC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Nancelina Piernik
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA , LPC , CSC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78734  (Online Only)
I am passionate about helping females (teens and adults) struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, and self-confidence issues.
Do you find yourself worried or anxious throughout the day? Are your thoughts stuck on repeat, keeping you from living the life you want? Do you feel that stress has taken over the life you once enjoyed? My client-centered approach helps women lessen irrational thinking patterns and self-defeating behaviors. I meet you wherever you are in your journey and support you along the way.
I am passionate about helping females (teens and adults) struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, and self-confidence issues.
Do you find yourself worried or anxious throughout the day? Are your thoughts stuck on repeat, keeping you from living the life you want? Do you feel that stress has taken over the life you once enjoyed? My client-centered approach helps women lessen irrational thinking patterns and self-defeating behaviors. I meet you wherever you are in your journey and support you along the way.
(210) 806-7924 View (210) 806-7924
Photo of Liz Cohen, JD, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Liz Cohen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, JD, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Cedar Park, TX 78613
My areas of experience include depression, anxiety, stress, health, relationships, eating disorders, trauma recovery, sexuality and gender issues.
Therapy is collaborative. As a therapist, I am a partner in my clients' self-explorations and a witness to their accomplishments. I provide a serene place where clients can rediscover or develop authentic selves, deepen emotional connections with self and others, recognize how thoughts, beliefs and values affect relationships, consider new ways of being in the world, develop healthier adaptive strategies when facing problems, and work through past and present past trauma, grief, and losses. You have the strengths you need to meet your full potential and achieve a satisfying life. I can help.
My areas of experience include depression, anxiety, stress, health, relationships, eating disorders, trauma recovery, sexuality and gender issues.
Therapy is collaborative. As a therapist, I am a partner in my clients' self-explorations and a witness to their accomplishments. I provide a serene place where clients can rediscover or develop authentic selves, deepen emotional connections with self and others, recognize how thoughts, beliefs and values affect relationships, consider new ways of being in the world, develop healthier adaptive strategies when facing problems, and work through past and present past trauma, grief, and losses. You have the strengths you need to meet your full potential and achieve a satisfying life. I can help.
(512) 607-7987 View (512) 607-7987

See more therapy options for Lago Vista

Depression Therapists

What is the goal of therapy for depression?

Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognize and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.

What happens in therapy for depression?

Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.

What therapy types help with depression?

Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioral activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.

Can therapy for depression be done online?

Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.

How effective is therapy for depression?

Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.