Existential Therapists in Hendersonville, TN
![Photo of Lindsay E Vaughn - Hazel House, PLLC / Lindsay E. Vaughn, PsyD, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/833f973f-dc67-4fe1-92c2-c67919b75d35/1/320x400.jpeg)
Hazel House, PLLC / Lindsay E. Vaughn
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Hendersonville, TN 37075
We also help with preventative self-care, life transitions, and existential dilemmas, like discovering your purpose.
Many clients come to us after feeling stuck in talk therapy. Talking about your problems is helpful, but sometimes you need more! If you are ready to take your healing to the next level, please reach out! We integrate somatic and experiential therapies, such as EMDR, Brainspotting, Hypnotherapy, IFS, psychodrama, nature therapy, ketamine-assisted therapy, Neurofeedback, holistic health coaching, and more, to go deeper, so you can truly heal from past experiences. There are no quick fixes - there is only the journey to truly know, love, and care for yourself, and our team of expert therapists is ready to take the journey with you.
We also help with preventative self-care, life transitions, and existential dilemmas, like discovering your purpose.
Many clients come to us after feeling stuck in talk therapy. Talking about your problems is helpful, but sometimes you need more! If you are ready to take your healing to the next level, please reach out! We integrate somatic and experiential therapies, such as EMDR, Brainspotting, Hypnotherapy, IFS, psychodrama, nature therapy, ketamine-assisted therapy, Neurofeedback, holistic health coaching, and more, to go deeper, so you can truly heal from past experiences. There are no quick fixes - there is only the journey to truly know, love, and care for yourself, and our team of expert therapists is ready to take the journey with you.
![Photo of Richard Gutierrez, MS, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3d36306b-fb30-4a10-b0ae-63e3cf10a36b/1/320x400.jpeg)
Richard Gutierrez
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hendersonville, TN 37075
I believe all people have the internal strength to process and work through their struggles. The body knows what to do when we are hurt both physically and with our emotions, but it can be hard to understand. I work to help clients understand our pain and learn to process it into moving forward. I work from a DBT perspective. I have worked with teens, adults and couples of many different cultures and helped them to reach their goals in community and private practice settings. My passion is to help you learn to build the tomorrow you envisioned. Whether those goals be personal, professional, or familial.
I believe all people have the internal strength to process and work through their struggles. The body knows what to do when we are hurt both physically and with our emotions, but it can be hard to understand. I work to help clients understand our pain and learn to process it into moving forward. I work from a DBT perspective. I have worked with teens, adults and couples of many different cultures and helped them to reach their goals in community and private practice settings. My passion is to help you learn to build the tomorrow you envisioned. Whether those goals be personal, professional, or familial.
![Photo of Ardita Asllani, MMFT, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f9c2e5da-6545-4e85-8c87-59175dd5c25b/3/320x400.jpeg)
Ardita Asllani
Pre-Licensed Professional, MMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hendersonville, TN 37075
In our work together, we can focus on better understanding your relationship patterns, understanding and managing your anxiety, learning ways to cope with depression, process past and/or ongoing trauma, & more. My style of therapy is best described by psychodynamic theory where we focus on repressed emotions and/or childhood experiences that may be affecting your current relationships with others and yourself. We will work on enhancing relationships with the people in your life, as well as, practicing boundaries, compromise, and healthy balance in relationships.
In our work together, we can focus on better understanding your relationship patterns, understanding and managing your anxiety, learning ways to cope with depression, process past and/or ongoing trauma, & more. My style of therapy is best described by psychodynamic theory where we focus on repressed emotions and/or childhood experiences that may be affecting your current relationships with others and yourself. We will work on enhancing relationships with the people in your life, as well as, practicing boundaries, compromise, and healthy balance in relationships.
![Photo of Zak Shrock, LPC, MS, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4c7b1106-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
Let’s face it, you are not searching this page to tell someone how great your life is going. It is a rollercoaster ride of ups and downs and you are currently in a lull. I use a direct approach to get to the root of the problem and help you find a solution to get out of the weeds. Whether it’s depression, anxiety, trauma, addiction, or whatever has been thrown your way. I’m here to help you find your answers and live a more fulfilling life.
Let’s face it, you are not searching this page to tell someone how great your life is going. It is a rollercoaster ride of ups and downs and you are currently in a lull. I use a direct approach to get to the root of the problem and help you find a solution to get out of the weeds. Whether it’s depression, anxiety, trauma, addiction, or whatever has been thrown your way. I’m here to help you find your answers and live a more fulfilling life.
![Photo of Amanda Kimbrell, LPC, MHSP, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/cc364e5d-6ef8-4ad5-81d7-43bb87e06563/1/320x400.jpeg)
Amanda Kimbrell
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Hendersonville, TN 37075
I believe a happier world starts with calm, well-adjusted people. So I help parents and adults who are struggling to remain calm and act effectively, due to their own painful childhoods, go from stressed and overwhelmed to feeling calm and in-control; spending more confident, happy times with their children through relatable, supportive, one-on-one, trauma-focused therapy sessions. People who benefit from my services tend to be millennials who have made as much progress as they can on their own and who are now motivated to embark on this journey of recovery. If this sounds like you, message me today!
I believe a happier world starts with calm, well-adjusted people. So I help parents and adults who are struggling to remain calm and act effectively, due to their own painful childhoods, go from stressed and overwhelmed to feeling calm and in-control; spending more confident, happy times with their children through relatable, supportive, one-on-one, trauma-focused therapy sessions. People who benefit from my services tend to be millennials who have made as much progress as they can on their own and who are now motivated to embark on this journey of recovery. If this sounds like you, message me today!
![Photo of Paul Lawson, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/154a18a6-4c72-4f5c-83cb-5bf1d86fa429/2/320x400.jpeg)
There is meaning in every struggle or bump in the road we face in life. Uncovering that meaning and telling our story is often the beginning of the path to healing. I work with both individuals and couples looking to repair relationships and create deeper more meaningful connection. Whether you are struggling with relationship issues, addiction, work/life balance, or just feeling overwhelmed at what life is bringing, I'd be honored to walk with you on that journey.
There is meaning in every struggle or bump in the road we face in life. Uncovering that meaning and telling our story is often the beginning of the path to healing. I work with both individuals and couples looking to repair relationships and create deeper more meaningful connection. Whether you are struggling with relationship issues, addiction, work/life balance, or just feeling overwhelmed at what life is bringing, I'd be honored to walk with you on that journey.
![Photo of Teryl Fleming, MEd, NCC, LPC, MHSP, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/b439fde7-0c4c-4d0d-b1d5-d66bbc10c501/2/320x400.jpeg)
Teryl Fleming
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, NCC, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hendersonville, TN 37075
**ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS** I work with Adults and teens. I offer a creative, integrative,compassionate approach. I work with adults who are navigating life's everyday challenges and transitions (e.g., Anxiety/Depression, Self-worth, Career issues, Grief, Parenthood, Relationship issues Marriage/ Divorce and much more. I also, offer EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing therapy) for Adults EMDR is not only used for PTSD but an array of clinical problems that can have positive life changing results. I work with teens to help with self esteem, social anxiety, ADHD, Autism and other concerns.
**ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS** I work with Adults and teens. I offer a creative, integrative,compassionate approach. I work with adults who are navigating life's everyday challenges and transitions (e.g., Anxiety/Depression, Self-worth, Career issues, Grief, Parenthood, Relationship issues Marriage/ Divorce and much more. I also, offer EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing therapy) for Adults EMDR is not only used for PTSD but an array of clinical problems that can have positive life changing results. I work with teens to help with self esteem, social anxiety, ADHD, Autism and other concerns.
![Photo of Jody Babb, MSEd, LMHC, LPC, MHSP, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/d6ca4736-6bcf-44d9-885a-fac597fbc909/2/320x400.jpeg)
Are you struggling with everyday life stressors? Perhaps you have anxiety, depression, or just not feeling like your usual self. Do you have racing thoughts, loss of sleep, lack of motivation? Maybe you are telling yourself "life has been more overwhelming than usual, I just want things to be different." You might say you are ok but you feel like you are wearing a mask, and you have a hard time functioning. Are your relationships suffering? Are you feeling like you don't want to get out of bed or go to work? Lost that spiritual connection? Maybe, you want to learn healthier ways to cope. Today you take back your life!
Are you struggling with everyday life stressors? Perhaps you have anxiety, depression, or just not feeling like your usual self. Do you have racing thoughts, loss of sleep, lack of motivation? Maybe you are telling yourself "life has been more overwhelming than usual, I just want things to be different." You might say you are ok but you feel like you are wearing a mask, and you have a hard time functioning. Are your relationships suffering? Are you feeling like you don't want to get out of bed or go to work? Lost that spiritual connection? Maybe, you want to learn healthier ways to cope. Today you take back your life!
![Photo of Mike Miciak, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a85110ad-b84e-4e12-8b1d-d3ca735ae430/1/320x400.jpeg)
Are you struggling with persistent thoughts, feelings, or behaviors that seem beyond your control? Do you feel trapped in repetitive cycles that you can’t escape? Many people turn to counseling to gain deeper insight into their experiences and discover ways to transform their lives. I specialize in helping adults create real, lasting change, enabling them to build the future they’ve always envisioned. My focus is on uncovering the root causes of your suffering and providing practical tools and techniques to help you overcome these challenges.
Are you struggling with persistent thoughts, feelings, or behaviors that seem beyond your control? Do you feel trapped in repetitive cycles that you can’t escape? Many people turn to counseling to gain deeper insight into their experiences and discover ways to transform their lives. I specialize in helping adults create real, lasting change, enabling them to build the future they’ve always envisioned. My focus is on uncovering the root causes of your suffering and providing practical tools and techniques to help you overcome these challenges.
![Photo of Kimberly Louvin, LCSW, LSSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e71b7a5a-414c-459a-b7e8-4cd95e58379e/1/320x400.jpeg)
Kimberly Louvin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LSSW
Verified Verified
Hendersonville, TN 37075 (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I work with teens, young adults, families, and other humans navigating the waves of life who need someone in their corner. I help all of us remember that it’s okay to feel, it’s okay to be scared, it’s okay to not know what the next right thing is, and it’s okay to ask for support. I love getting to know clients and helping you integrate your story in a way that helps you regain a sense of control over your emotions, experiences, and future.Sometimes, our stories have chapters we didn’t expect. I help you figure out how to navigate the anxiety, grief, anger, guilt, shame, and sense of overwhelm that can accompany life.
I work with teens, young adults, families, and other humans navigating the waves of life who need someone in their corner. I help all of us remember that it’s okay to feel, it’s okay to be scared, it’s okay to not know what the next right thing is, and it’s okay to ask for support. I love getting to know clients and helping you integrate your story in a way that helps you regain a sense of control over your emotions, experiences, and future.Sometimes, our stories have chapters we didn’t expect. I help you figure out how to navigate the anxiety, grief, anger, guilt, shame, and sense of overwhelm that can accompany life.
![Photo of Sara E Belk, BA , Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ea3ec99f-64c0-4daa-a9d3-86232dd26cb9/2/320x400.jpeg)
Are you ready to embark on a transformative journey towards happiness and resilience? As an intern at The Healing Journey and a dedicated graduate student pursuing my MS in Clinical Counseling at Austin Peay State University, I am here to support you every step of the way. I specialize in working with individuals, children, families, and couples. I am passionate about helping clients navigate and heal from their past traumas. I believe in the power of resilience and the ability of every individual to create their own happiness. My goal is to empower you to overcome obstacles and build a fulfilling life.
Are you ready to embark on a transformative journey towards happiness and resilience? As an intern at The Healing Journey and a dedicated graduate student pursuing my MS in Clinical Counseling at Austin Peay State University, I am here to support you every step of the way. I specialize in working with individuals, children, families, and couples. I am passionate about helping clients navigate and heal from their past traumas. I believe in the power of resilience and the ability of every individual to create their own happiness. My goal is to empower you to overcome obstacles and build a fulfilling life.
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![Photo of Scott McDougal, LPC, MHSP, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/fe1757fc-c420-4ef9-9fe1-7217bb6ed258/3/320x400.jpeg)
Scott McDougal
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
Hendersonville, TN 37075
You feel different than others and there’s so much going on inside. Perhaps your thoughts and emotions are just too much. The people, places and activities that may have been fulfilling and safe in the past, are now what you would prefer to avoid. Others appear happy, but that same happiness feels beyond your reach. Maybe you recognize the need for some change, but enacting change seems impossible. Are you ready for your mind and body to be at peace in this chaotic world and to find your true self again? It is possible to access the wonder and creative energy of youth and to have a new understanding of your life.
You feel different than others and there’s so much going on inside. Perhaps your thoughts and emotions are just too much. The people, places and activities that may have been fulfilling and safe in the past, are now what you would prefer to avoid. Others appear happy, but that same happiness feels beyond your reach. Maybe you recognize the need for some change, but enacting change seems impossible. Are you ready for your mind and body to be at peace in this chaotic world and to find your true self again? It is possible to access the wonder and creative energy of youth and to have a new understanding of your life.
![Photo of Shelly Louise Steel - Shelly Steel, LMFT, MMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/40290c23-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
Shelly Steel
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hendersonville, TN 37075
I am a Certified Grief Educator , trained by David Kessler. I was honored to be contracted by the TV show "THE DOCTORS" to work with one of their case studies. I have completed Levels 1-3 of Gottman Training for couples. I practice eclectic therapy styles to meet clients within their comfort zone. My trauma therapy techniques include EMDR and Brainspotting. I have been in practice since 2009. I love what I do so I am a big believer in continuous trainings that will make me the best that I can be.
I am a Certified Grief Educator , trained by David Kessler. I was honored to be contracted by the TV show "THE DOCTORS" to work with one of their case studies. I have completed Levels 1-3 of Gottman Training for couples. I practice eclectic therapy styles to meet clients within their comfort zone. My trauma therapy techniques include EMDR and Brainspotting. I have been in practice since 2009. I love what I do so I am a big believer in continuous trainings that will make me the best that I can be.
![Photo of Dawn McCasland, MA](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1e11228e-b728-45ea-8717-d0916112c8e6/1/320x400.png)
I offer the experience of over 28 years working with individuals, children and families. As a parent, I understand how challenging all the the things the world throws at our kids can be and how hard it is to navigate through it. I work with divorce adjustment, adhd, anxiety, social anxiety, depression and trauma.I have had 17 years of experience working with domestic violence victims. I have found that using animals and art are especially helpful for many of my clients. I also offer equine assisted counseling. I am a Christian Counselor, but I welcome everyone.
I offer the experience of over 28 years working with individuals, children and families. As a parent, I understand how challenging all the the things the world throws at our kids can be and how hard it is to navigate through it. I work with divorce adjustment, adhd, anxiety, social anxiety, depression and trauma.I have had 17 years of experience working with domestic violence victims. I have found that using animals and art are especially helpful for many of my clients. I also offer equine assisted counseling. I am a Christian Counselor, but I welcome everyone.
![Photo of Serenity Counseling - Serenity Counseling & Mediation Center, LMFT, MFT, LPC, CLC, Interns, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4392fef8-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
Serenity Counseling & Mediation Center
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MFT, LPC, CLC, Interns
Verified Verified
Hendersonville, TN 37075
Serenity Counseling Center provides a safe, confidential opportunity for people to experience victory over life's difficulties by using counseling framework and an environment for counselors and counselors in training. Serenity Counseling Center was established in 2007. It's our purpose of Serenity to equip individuals, couples, and families with coping skills for life's issues that are consistent. Serenity Counseling Center is staffed by master's level practitioners from every discipline, including marriage and family, divorce mediation, life coaching substance abuse, and therapy. You can see intern if no insurance or low fee needs
Serenity Counseling Center provides a safe, confidential opportunity for people to experience victory over life's difficulties by using counseling framework and an environment for counselors and counselors in training. Serenity Counseling Center was established in 2007. It's our purpose of Serenity to equip individuals, couples, and families with coping skills for life's issues that are consistent. Serenity Counseling Center is staffed by master's level practitioners from every discipline, including marriage and family, divorce mediation, life coaching substance abuse, and therapy. You can see intern if no insurance or low fee needs
![Photo of Jason Holland, PhD, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/cc13a111-6d07-4e2b-8509-e20195e86213/1/320x400.jpeg)
Conversations have the power to heal. I’ve witnessed that time and time again. As a wellness and life transition coach, my primary goal is to develop a strong relationship with my clients and create a supportive environment where they can feel safe to explore their deepest concerns. My approach to coaching is guided by the belief that no matter how much you might feel like you’re stuck in a box or confined to only one path in life, there’s always another way. But sometimes it takes a good guide to steer you in the right direction. That’s where I come in.
Conversations have the power to heal. I’ve witnessed that time and time again. As a wellness and life transition coach, my primary goal is to develop a strong relationship with my clients and create a supportive environment where they can feel safe to explore their deepest concerns. My approach to coaching is guided by the belief that no matter how much you might feel like you’re stuck in a box or confined to only one path in life, there’s always another way. But sometimes it takes a good guide to steer you in the right direction. That’s where I come in.
![Photo of Jennifer K. Knowles, MHSP, (temp), Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/59da2664-156c-449c-ac3d-234e71c39ea5/1/320x400.jpeg)
Jennifer K. Knowles
Licensed Professional Counselor, MHSP, (temp)
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Hendersonville, TN 37075
I work with clients from all walks of life and with a variety of concerns and lived experiences. My approach to therapy is through a polyvagal-informed, body-based lens incorporating therapeutic modalities designed to attend to biological systems as well as core thoughts, beliefs, and emotions. Clients who are interested in achieving a better understanding of the body/brain connection and who would like to address chronic pain, tension, and trauma in the body will find help here. My goal is to restore ease and empower you to connect with your own innate healing abilities.
I work with clients from all walks of life and with a variety of concerns and lived experiences. My approach to therapy is through a polyvagal-informed, body-based lens incorporating therapeutic modalities designed to attend to biological systems as well as core thoughts, beliefs, and emotions. Clients who are interested in achieving a better understanding of the body/brain connection and who would like to address chronic pain, tension, and trauma in the body will find help here. My goal is to restore ease and empower you to connect with your own innate healing abilities.
![Photo of Tiffany Zwart, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/b38ce7fb-d6d4-4add-81c8-44ed21ff68aa/2/320x400.jpeg)
I'm here with you to do the work. Many of us struggle with boundaries, low self-esteem, and decision making. Usually we know what we want, but we've been conditioned to believe we are undeserving. Whether this belief has been created from religious experiences, our family of origin, or society we will work together to bring about hope and healing. Choosing who to share your story with is a serious and personal decision. You must feel comfortable, accepted, and valued. I will laugh and cry with you. We are the way we are for a reason. Let's find out what that is and help you become the best version of yourself!
I'm here with you to do the work. Many of us struggle with boundaries, low self-esteem, and decision making. Usually we know what we want, but we've been conditioned to believe we are undeserving. Whether this belief has been created from religious experiences, our family of origin, or society we will work together to bring about hope and healing. Choosing who to share your story with is a serious and personal decision. You must feel comfortable, accepted, and valued. I will laugh and cry with you. We are the way we are for a reason. Let's find out what that is and help you become the best version of yourself!
![Photo of Charles Cobble, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/aedae602-d131-40e2-9f35-c4eb140f2df8/2/320x400.jpeg)
I am Charles Cobble a licensed clinical social worker offering therapy services that are tailored to the individual needs of each client. I am a proud Army Veteran, who served as a mental health provider to over 1500 soldiers in Kuwait. I have worked extensively in the Veteran and LGBTQ+ community. I am passionate about improving mental health. I work with adults who are experiencing depression, anxiety, grief or any other issue. We will work together to find the best therapeutic approach for you and help you develop the skills and mindset to find relief and the courage to make changes in your life.
I am Charles Cobble a licensed clinical social worker offering therapy services that are tailored to the individual needs of each client. I am a proud Army Veteran, who served as a mental health provider to over 1500 soldiers in Kuwait. I have worked extensively in the Veteran and LGBTQ+ community. I am passionate about improving mental health. I work with adults who are experiencing depression, anxiety, grief or any other issue. We will work together to find the best therapeutic approach for you and help you develop the skills and mindset to find relief and the courage to make changes in your life.
![Photo of Kenneth Williams, LPC , Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/564a1ce9-7b23-480f-aa8c-6b85056bc569/2/320x400.jpeg)
Kenneth Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Hendersonville, TN 37075 (Online Only)
My name is Kenneth Williams and I'm a licensed therapist in Tennessee. I think the who purpose of therapy is to help clients build the lives that they want to live. Acceptance and Commitment therapy can help clients identify the life they want to live and to develop a life map to help them build that life. I mainly work with couples attempting to strengthen their relationship. I also work with clients experiencing depression and anxiety. I create a safe and accepting environment where clients can express and explore their feelings while finding ways to connect with others.
My name is Kenneth Williams and I'm a licensed therapist in Tennessee. I think the who purpose of therapy is to help clients build the lives that they want to live. Acceptance and Commitment therapy can help clients identify the life they want to live and to develop a life map to help them build that life. I mainly work with couples attempting to strengthen their relationship. I also work with clients experiencing depression and anxiety. I create a safe and accepting environment where clients can express and explore their feelings while finding ways to connect with others.
See more therapy options for Hendersonville
Nearby Existential Therapists Searches for Hendersonville
- Antioch
- Bellevue
- Berry Hill
- Brentwood
- Gallatin
- Goodlettsville
- Hermitage
- Lebanon
- Madison
- Mount Juliet
- Nashville
- Smyrna
Existential Therapists
How does existential therapy work?
Existential therapy focuses on a patient’s inner experiences. The therapist tries to help the individual comprehend and alleviate symptoms by exploring their interior life. By confronting negative disquiet and emotions, the individual will hopefully become more open to finding meaning and purpose. This therapy can be administered to individuals or groups.
Is existential therapy evidence-based?
Existential therapy is an evidence-based practice. Research has determined that existential therapy can lead to significant improvement in the mental health of patients, and for some people it can be just as effective as cognitive behavioral therapy. The benefits of existential therapy are enduring, even long after treatment has ended.
How long does existential therapy last?
The goal of existential therapy is to understand a person’s internal experiences, which may sound like a lengthy process, but it does not have to be so in-depth. However, sessions are not short-term, and therapy can continue for months or up to a year. And because patients learn the theory behind existential therapy during treatment, they can also practice its tenets throughout life after therapy sessions have been completed.
Is existential therapy effective?
According to research, many patients find success with existential therapy. Researchers note that the therapy is particularly useful in improving feelings of isolation, feelings of purposelessness, as well as conditions such as anxiety and depression. Improvements in problem areas can persist even after the end of existential therapy, as individuals can continue working on themselves by using the tools they’ve developed during treatment.