Therapists in Salt Lake City, UT

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Photo of Robert Barth, MFA, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Robert Barth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MFA, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84105
I am a psychoanalytically-oriented psychotherapist with 21 years of experience working with individuals seeking help with the difficulties they face in the progress of their lives. My practice perspective is grounded in Analytical Psychology, the theories and practices developed by Carl G. Jung (1875-1961), a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst. My work is also informed by my training and experience in Object Relations Theory and Ego Psychology, which are associated analytical perspectives and compliment a Jungian approach to depth psychological treatment.
I am a psychoanalytically-oriented psychotherapist with 21 years of experience working with individuals seeking help with the difficulties they face in the progress of their lives. My practice perspective is grounded in Analytical Psychology, the theories and practices developed by Carl G. Jung (1875-1961), a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst. My work is also informed by my training and experience in Object Relations Theory and Ego Psychology, which are associated analytical perspectives and compliment a Jungian approach to depth psychological treatment.
(801) 701-2358 View (801) 701-2358
Photo of Dr. Adam K. Fuller, PhD, Psychologist
Dr. Adam K. Fuller
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84103
Experienced. Professional. Caring. Safe. Confidential. Licensed since 1995. Offices in Park City, Salt Lake City, and Evanston. With an open, empathic, non-judgmental style, I work with people from all walks of life who are looking for healing, change, and growth. I have provided such help to many people for years, often to those who thought there was no help, or for whom previous treatment did not quite get to the root of the problem. Whether seeking help with every day concerns, life transitions, personal development, family and relationship issues, or longstanding complicated problems, you are welcome in my office.
Experienced. Professional. Caring. Safe. Confidential. Licensed since 1995. Offices in Park City, Salt Lake City, and Evanston. With an open, empathic, non-judgmental style, I work with people from all walks of life who are looking for healing, change, and growth. I have provided such help to many people for years, often to those who thought there was no help, or for whom previous treatment did not quite get to the root of the problem. Whether seeking help with every day concerns, life transitions, personal development, family and relationship issues, or longstanding complicated problems, you are welcome in my office.
(435) 236-2697 View (435) 236-2697
Photo of Andrea Robison, MA, LMFT, LMT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Andrea Robison
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LMT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84106
If you have hit a wall in your relationships, with your health, or are struggling with past trauma and self worth, it's time to collaborate with a caring provider who can help transform the heaviness that interferes with your sense of purpose and connection. Using your insight into yourself and my insight into psychology and wellness, we will work together to identify the patterns that perpetuate pain and stagnation, shifting you toward healing emotional wounds, and creating powerful strategies for recovery. Serious depression, anxiety, the breakdown of relationships or individual health, call for heart centered attention.
If you have hit a wall in your relationships, with your health, or are struggling with past trauma and self worth, it's time to collaborate with a caring provider who can help transform the heaviness that interferes with your sense of purpose and connection. Using your insight into yourself and my insight into psychology and wellness, we will work together to identify the patterns that perpetuate pain and stagnation, shifting you toward healing emotional wounds, and creating powerful strategies for recovery. Serious depression, anxiety, the breakdown of relationships or individual health, call for heart centered attention.
(385) 526-4261 View (385) 526-4261
Photo of Paul Murdock, PsyD, Psychologist
Paul Murdock
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84111
I am an experienced Psychologist that believes therapy can help you find balance, help you grow and improve your relationships. I specialize in individual and couples therapy and helping people develop a better understanding of themselves and their relationships. I am also committed to providing a caring and non-judgmental space where we can work through life's challenges together and learn ways to feel fulfilled and at peace with life. My approach to treatment is personalized and interactive. We develop a plan together and work on achieving goals that matter most to you.
I am an experienced Psychologist that believes therapy can help you find balance, help you grow and improve your relationships. I specialize in individual and couples therapy and helping people develop a better understanding of themselves and their relationships. I am also committed to providing a caring and non-judgmental space where we can work through life's challenges together and learn ways to feel fulfilled and at peace with life. My approach to treatment is personalized and interactive. We develop a plan together and work on achieving goals that matter most to you.
(385) 340-4053 View (385) 340-4053
Photo of River Barry, CMHC, Counselor
River Barry
Counselor, CMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84121  (Online Only)
You’ve found yourself overwhelmed, lost, and are desperately searching for guidance toward relief. The challenges you’re facing are piling up and becoming more unmanageable. Difficult experiences have left you questioning whether its even possible you’ll ever recover. You can free yourself from old unhelpful patterns of thoughts and behaviors. You can find new ways of being that can create a life that is in alignment with your truest needs and desires. It's possible to create the life you've been longing for and overcome the challenges that have stood as barriers in the way.
You’ve found yourself overwhelmed, lost, and are desperately searching for guidance toward relief. The challenges you’re facing are piling up and becoming more unmanageable. Difficult experiences have left you questioning whether its even possible you’ll ever recover. You can free yourself from old unhelpful patterns of thoughts and behaviors. You can find new ways of being that can create a life that is in alignment with your truest needs and desires. It's possible to create the life you've been longing for and overcome the challenges that have stood as barriers in the way.
(801) 695-4585 View (801) 695-4585
Photo of Emily M. Jones, LICSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Emily M. Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84101
Do you want to feel empowered to create change in your life? Do you want to feel more connected to yourself, and others, experiencing each day as a chance to rise to the occasion of loving more, living better, and finding resilience when things don't go as planned? You are not alone! We all need help at times accessing our own voice, working through the ways we are stuck, and finding freedom by living our lives in integrity, and without apology. I work with dynamic and diverse individuals seeking change and hope in the midst of anxiety, depression, strained relationships, life transitions, trauma, loss and much more.
Do you want to feel empowered to create change in your life? Do you want to feel more connected to yourself, and others, experiencing each day as a chance to rise to the occasion of loving more, living better, and finding resilience when things don't go as planned? You are not alone! We all need help at times accessing our own voice, working through the ways we are stuck, and finding freedom by living our lives in integrity, and without apology. I work with dynamic and diverse individuals seeking change and hope in the midst of anxiety, depression, strained relationships, life transitions, trauma, loss and much more.
(385) 247-0211 View (385) 247-0211
Photo of Elizabeth Kappy Kindred, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elizabeth Kappy Kindred
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84124
My passion and goal as a therapist is to help people live a life worth living. There are so many factors that play a role in our unhappiness and I am here to tackle those problems with you one at a time so that we can create a unique, meaningful life that encompasses your values and wishes. We can focus on issues such as; anxiety, depression, work issues, relationship issues, sexuality, grief, major life changes, or any other issues that are causing significant discomfort and distress in your life.
My passion and goal as a therapist is to help people live a life worth living. There are so many factors that play a role in our unhappiness and I am here to tackle those problems with you one at a time so that we can create a unique, meaningful life that encompasses your values and wishes. We can focus on issues such as; anxiety, depression, work issues, relationship issues, sexuality, grief, major life changes, or any other issues that are causing significant discomfort and distress in your life.
(385) 483-5591 View (385) 483-5591
Photo of Abbie Fisher, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Abbie Fisher
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84111
In my work with individuals, couples, families, teens, and kids I utilize an individualized, systemic, approach to treat depression, anxiety, and PTSD while building healthy, effective communication skills. I work with clients to create goals that are achievable and will help the client see positive changes in their life.
In my work with individuals, couples, families, teens, and kids I utilize an individualized, systemic, approach to treat depression, anxiety, and PTSD while building healthy, effective communication skills. I work with clients to create goals that are achievable and will help the client see positive changes in their life.
(385) 503-5723 View (385) 503-5723
Photo of Dr. Steve Tutty, MA, PhD, Psychologist
Dr. Steve Tutty
Psychologist, MA, PhD
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84111
Dr. Tutty provides counseling to adolescents and young adults struggling with a broad range of mental health concerns (e.g., depression, anxiety, etc.), as well as testing that may be helpful for establishing IEP and 504 plans for youth struggling with learning disabilities, ADHD, autism, etc.
Dr. Tutty provides counseling to adolescents and young adults struggling with a broad range of mental health concerns (e.g., depression, anxiety, etc.), as well as testing that may be helpful for establishing IEP and 504 plans for youth struggling with learning disabilities, ADHD, autism, etc.
(385) 215-7367 View (385) 215-7367
Photo of Kurt Youngberg, PhD, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kurt Youngberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84106  (Online Only)
Therapy is a collaborative human endeavor, joining you in your journey towards wholeness, healing, liberation, and transformation. I emphasize collaboration because it illuminates the heart of therapy and life, where relationality is foundational. As a holistic therapist, I understand that well-being hinges on our relationships with ourselves, others, and nature. Symptoms like anxiety, depression, and stress signal ruptured relationships, manifesting in unhealthy patterns of thoughts, behaviors and emotions. Let's embark on self-discovery to uncover and replace these patterns, moving from discord to harmony and fulfillment together
Therapy is a collaborative human endeavor, joining you in your journey towards wholeness, healing, liberation, and transformation. I emphasize collaboration because it illuminates the heart of therapy and life, where relationality is foundational. As a holistic therapist, I understand that well-being hinges on our relationships with ourselves, others, and nature. Symptoms like anxiety, depression, and stress signal ruptured relationships, manifesting in unhealthy patterns of thoughts, behaviors and emotions. Let's embark on self-discovery to uncover and replace these patterns, moving from discord to harmony and fulfillment together
(435) 214-1381 View (435) 214-1381
Photo of Amber Martinson, PhD, Psychologist
Amber Martinson
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84105
I believe that you’re the expert on you—and with collaborative help from someone trained in evidence-based practices—improvement and healing are possible. I emphasize the use of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and other evidence-based treatments for your mental health concerns.
I believe that you’re the expert on you—and with collaborative help from someone trained in evidence-based practices—improvement and healing are possible. I emphasize the use of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and other evidence-based treatments for your mental health concerns.
(385) 644-6674 View (385) 644-6674
Photo of Trish Sullivant, LCSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Trish Sullivant
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84124
I provide counseling to individuals and couples in the Salt Lake City area. I work with my clients to identify issues clearly and help them to create lasting change. Once this change occurs, problems will be seen as opportunities, rather than failures. I am often told by my clients they feel a level of trust, acceptance and comfort that has been missing with other therapists. When working with individuals, I use acceptance and mindfulness based approaches to manage anxiety and other symptoms you may be experiencing. I will help you look at negative perceptions that may be holding you back from experiencing a fulfilling life.
I provide counseling to individuals and couples in the Salt Lake City area. I work with my clients to identify issues clearly and help them to create lasting change. Once this change occurs, problems will be seen as opportunities, rather than failures. I am often told by my clients they feel a level of trust, acceptance and comfort that has been missing with other therapists. When working with individuals, I use acceptance and mindfulness based approaches to manage anxiety and other symptoms you may be experiencing. I will help you look at negative perceptions that may be holding you back from experiencing a fulfilling life.
(801) 614-2062 View (801) 614-2062
Photo of Nathan Jacquez, MA, CMHC, Counselor
Nathan Jacquez
Counselor, MA, CMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84111
My focus in therapy is on you and meeting you where you are at. I strive to ensure that your needs are being met and I am using the appropriate tools and approach to help you achieve your goals. I offer support for dealing with grief, healing from trauma, attachment issues, building support systems, creating healthy relationships, dealing with depression, anxiety, etc. Therapy can look very different depending on the person, so I strive to provide space to learn what my clients need and offer the tools and knowledge I have. You are in charge of your therapy.Please visit my website to get a more in-depth look at what I have to offer.
My focus in therapy is on you and meeting you where you are at. I strive to ensure that your needs are being met and I am using the appropriate tools and approach to help you achieve your goals. I offer support for dealing with grief, healing from trauma, attachment issues, building support systems, creating healthy relationships, dealing with depression, anxiety, etc. Therapy can look very different depending on the person, so I strive to provide space to learn what my clients need and offer the tools and knowledge I have. You are in charge of your therapy.Please visit my website to get a more in-depth look at what I have to offer.
(385) 206-6406 View (385) 206-6406
Photo of Elizabeth (Liz) McCoy, MA, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elizabeth (Liz) McCoy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84105
Not accepting new clients
My eclectic background has offered me the opportunity to work and live with individuals and family systems inclusive of all abilities and ages (people of all abilities, sudden/chronic illnesses, grief and loss, trauma). I work with people who experience anxiety, depression, grief, negative self-talk such as “I am powerless”, “I am worthless”, “I am unlovable”, and other intrusive repetitive thoughts. My individual sessions and group classes allow you to find stability during the highs and lows of daily life, with your family of choice and your community. I believe in living a balanced life that honors mind, body and spirit.
My eclectic background has offered me the opportunity to work and live with individuals and family systems inclusive of all abilities and ages (people of all abilities, sudden/chronic illnesses, grief and loss, trauma). I work with people who experience anxiety, depression, grief, negative self-talk such as “I am powerless”, “I am worthless”, “I am unlovable”, and other intrusive repetitive thoughts. My individual sessions and group classes allow you to find stability during the highs and lows of daily life, with your family of choice and your community. I believe in living a balanced life that honors mind, body and spirit.
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Photo of Mary Beth Osoro, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mary Beth Osoro
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84121  (Online Only)
You can book with me now by clicking on my website. I provide therapy to adults, adolescents, couples, and families focusing on empowerment and solutions rather than judgment or shame. With a direct yet caring approach, I will help you navigate through anxiety, depression, stress and behavior you find problematic. I enjoy working with individuals who are motivated to engage in the therapeutic process. If you have a session with me, I will strive to learn what you find is important to talk about, get to know your values, and help you work within them to reach your goals. ​
You can book with me now by clicking on my website. I provide therapy to adults, adolescents, couples, and families focusing on empowerment and solutions rather than judgment or shame. With a direct yet caring approach, I will help you navigate through anxiety, depression, stress and behavior you find problematic. I enjoy working with individuals who are motivated to engage in the therapeutic process. If you have a session with me, I will strive to learn what you find is important to talk about, get to know your values, and help you work within them to reach your goals. ​
(385) 417-6501 View (385) 417-6501
Photo of Janelle Iverson, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Janelle Iverson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84109
Do you often find yourself caught in repeated cycles or pattern in your life or in your interactions with others? These could be self-sabotaging behaviors, addictions, or reoccurring negative feelings about yourself. While you may consciously want something different, it can feel frustrating to know how to create change you are truly seeking. Therapy is a powerful tool that can heal repeated cycles of patterns and relationships that cause you dissatisfaction.
Do you often find yourself caught in repeated cycles or pattern in your life or in your interactions with others? These could be self-sabotaging behaviors, addictions, or reoccurring negative feelings about yourself. While you may consciously want something different, it can feel frustrating to know how to create change you are truly seeking. Therapy is a powerful tool that can heal repeated cycles of patterns and relationships that cause you dissatisfaction.
(801) 921-8548 View (801) 921-8548
Photo of Elliott Donaldson, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elliott Donaldson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84102
As a queer trans person, I am passionate about LGBTQIA+ individuals receiving affirming therapy that empowers them to find a community who will support and celebrate all aspects of their identities. I am neurodivergent and enjoy working with autistic clients. I'm polyamory and kink positive.
As a queer trans person, I am passionate about LGBTQIA+ individuals receiving affirming therapy that empowers them to find a community who will support and celebrate all aspects of their identities. I am neurodivergent and enjoy working with autistic clients. I'm polyamory and kink positive.
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Photo of Dr. Kandice Benallie, PhD, Psychologist
Dr. Kandice Benallie
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84102
I provide diagnostic evaluations for children with questions of autism, ADHD, learning disabilities, and other neurodevelopmental disorders. Families often experience frustration and confusion as they seek understanding for their child’s developmental and behavioral concerns. They may not know of available resources, the process of seeking answers, or how to best support their child. I hope that we can work together to best understand your child’s unique strengths and weaknesses and to develop a targeted plan to best support you and your child’s needs. The ultimate goal is to help your child meet their full potential.
I provide diagnostic evaluations for children with questions of autism, ADHD, learning disabilities, and other neurodevelopmental disorders. Families often experience frustration and confusion as they seek understanding for their child’s developmental and behavioral concerns. They may not know of available resources, the process of seeking answers, or how to best support their child. I hope that we can work together to best understand your child’s unique strengths and weaknesses and to develop a targeted plan to best support you and your child’s needs. The ultimate goal is to help your child meet their full potential.
(385) 526-2145 View (385) 526-2145
Photo of Tracie Hoffman, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tracie Hoffman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84101  (Online Only)
Dr. Tracie H. is an LCSW who earned her master’s degree (MSW) from Brigham Young University and her PhD in Clinical Social Work from the University of Southern California. Tracie has extensive practice history in outpatient, inpatient, in-home, and residential behavioral health settings. She also has taught across the spectrum of social work/mental health education in academic and clinical field positions. In these capacities, Tracie has taught at the University of Utah, the University of Southern California, the University of California Los Angeles, California State University-Northridge, and Argosy University.
Dr. Tracie H. is an LCSW who earned her master’s degree (MSW) from Brigham Young University and her PhD in Clinical Social Work from the University of Southern California. Tracie has extensive practice history in outpatient, inpatient, in-home, and residential behavioral health settings. She also has taught across the spectrum of social work/mental health education in academic and clinical field positions. In these capacities, Tracie has taught at the University of Utah, the University of Southern California, the University of California Los Angeles, California State University-Northridge, and Argosy University.
(385) 458-4248 View (385) 458-4248
Photo of Jordan R. Johnson, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jordan R. Johnson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84107  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I'm passionate about helping people connect emotionally and find happiness through healthy relationships. As a Marriage and Family Therapist, I work to create a safe atmosphere where clients can heal from past injuries and develop tools to be successful in their life.
I'm passionate about helping people connect emotionally and find happiness through healthy relationships. As a Marriage and Family Therapist, I work to create a safe atmosphere where clients can heal from past injuries and develop tools to be successful in their life.
(801) 416-3418 View (801) 416-3418
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Salt Lake City, UT

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Salt Lake City, UT who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
78% Trauma and PTSD
72% Relationship Issues
69% Self Esteem
67% Stress
62% Grief

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

64% BlueCross and BlueShield
57% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
57% SelectHealth

How Therapists in Salt Lake City, UT see their clients

70% In Person and Online
30% Online Only

Gender breakdown

71% Female
28% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Salt Lake City?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.