Therapists in Puyallup, WA

Photo of Darien Konzelman, MA, CMHC, LMHCA, Counselor
Darien Konzelman
Counselor, MA, CMHC, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Puyallup, WA 98371
Hello! I am currently accepting new clients. Life can hit hard sometimes and leave us feeling overwhelmed, confused, hurt and angry. Whether you have hit an obstacle, experienced a loss, you are feeling stuck, numb, you are struggling, feeling anxious, or dealing with trauma, I am here to help walk through it with you. We need a little extra help and support sometimes to equip us with the tools to navigate life’s inevitable ups and downs. I am glad you’ve made it here it’s a big first step and I’d love to get the opportunity to chat more with you. If you or someone you love needs a little extra support and help, give me a call.
Hello! I am currently accepting new clients. Life can hit hard sometimes and leave us feeling overwhelmed, confused, hurt and angry. Whether you have hit an obstacle, experienced a loss, you are feeling stuck, numb, you are struggling, feeling anxious, or dealing with trauma, I am here to help walk through it with you. We need a little extra help and support sometimes to equip us with the tools to navigate life’s inevitable ups and downs. I am glad you’ve made it here it’s a big first step and I’d love to get the opportunity to chat more with you. If you or someone you love needs a little extra support and help, give me a call.
(253) 793-0824 View (253) 793-0824
Photo of Rebecca Teaford-Boldridge, LCPC, LCAC, LMHC, CMHC, Counselor
Rebecca Teaford-Boldridge
Counselor, LCPC, LCAC, LMHC, CMHC
Verified Verified
Puyallup, WA 98373  (Online Only)
Accepting new clients in KS, WA, UT, & IL! In a collaborative and individualized atmosphere, we will work together to help you achieve the changes you seek. I am eager to help you reach your goals and offers services to those in need of support and guidance, with my strengths residing in depression, addiction, and the dually diagnosed populations. Please feel free to reach out today through my website to set up your first appointment.
Accepting new clients in KS, WA, UT, & IL! In a collaborative and individualized atmosphere, we will work together to help you achieve the changes you seek. I am eager to help you reach your goals and offers services to those in need of support and guidance, with my strengths residing in depression, addiction, and the dually diagnosed populations. Please feel free to reach out today through my website to set up your first appointment.
(253) 259-3957 View (253) 259-3957
Photo of Deanna Brown, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Deanna Brown
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Puyallup, WA 98372
Accepting New Patients with for Ketamine Guided Therapy in my practice with evening, weekend, day, morning slots available Telehealth and In person. I specialize in Psychedelic Ketamine and THC Guided Therapy which is billed at private pay Only all other treatments cam be billed with insurances using therapists at our practice. I am a proud Army Veteran working in the field of counseling since 2015. I have experience working with combat veterans, CPS, couples, children, teens, adults, families, first responders, LGBTQ community, Licensed Approved Supervisor to Supervise Therapists, and a prior Director of a Psychiatric Hospital.
Accepting New Patients with for Ketamine Guided Therapy in my practice with evening, weekend, day, morning slots available Telehealth and In person. I specialize in Psychedelic Ketamine and THC Guided Therapy which is billed at private pay Only all other treatments cam be billed with insurances using therapists at our practice. I am a proud Army Veteran working in the field of counseling since 2015. I have experience working with combat veterans, CPS, couples, children, teens, adults, families, first responders, LGBTQ community, Licensed Approved Supervisor to Supervise Therapists, and a prior Director of a Psychiatric Hospital.
(206) 717-8722 View (206) 717-8722
Photo of Anahita F Armin, LMHC, MA, Counselor
Anahita F Armin
Counselor, LMHC, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Puyallup, WA 98373
Life is hard; no one said it would be easy. Nothing that has value comes easily. It seems the things that can bring us lasting joy are the things we have to work to achieve. We are all unique in history. Where we come from, which family, which culture, impacted who we are and who we will or have become. Yet, all of us are the same in that we need human interaction. We come into this world seeking others, touch, interaction. We are neither meant to be or have to be completely alone. *(I am an approved WA State Supervisor and am currently taking on LMHCA supervisees).
Life is hard; no one said it would be easy. Nothing that has value comes easily. It seems the things that can bring us lasting joy are the things we have to work to achieve. We are all unique in history. Where we come from, which family, which culture, impacted who we are and who we will or have become. Yet, all of us are the same in that we need human interaction. We come into this world seeking others, touch, interaction. We are neither meant to be or have to be completely alone. *(I am an approved WA State Supervisor and am currently taking on LMHCA supervisees).
(253) 218-1731 View (253) 218-1731
Photo of Alexandra Molleston Luke - The Salish Sea Collective, LMFT, MS, Marriage & Family Therapist
The Salish Sea Collective
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Puyallup, WA 98372
Life isn’t always easy. Sometimes, we need a little bit of help to work through some of life’s more challenging problems. Everyone has hurdles to overcome at some point. Whether you or your child struggle with anxiety, depression, or unhelpful behaviors, you should know that there is hope for a better tomorrow. The Salish Sea Collective understands that our clients deserve care encompassing physical, mental, emotional, sexual and spiritual health. These human aspects are intrinsically intertwined and require a holistic approach. Our multidisciplinary team create a cohesive atmosphere where clinicians work together for our clients.
Life isn’t always easy. Sometimes, we need a little bit of help to work through some of life’s more challenging problems. Everyone has hurdles to overcome at some point. Whether you or your child struggle with anxiety, depression, or unhelpful behaviors, you should know that there is hope for a better tomorrow. The Salish Sea Collective understands that our clients deserve care encompassing physical, mental, emotional, sexual and spiritual health. These human aspects are intrinsically intertwined and require a holistic approach. Our multidisciplinary team create a cohesive atmosphere where clinicians work together for our clients.
(253) 655-2757 View (253) 655-2757
Photo of Abby White, MA, LMFT, CMHS, Marriage & Family Therapist
Abby White
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CMHS
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Puyallup, WA 98372
I enjoy working with people experiencing difficulty in all elements of life. I look through the lens of family systems which means I incorporate family dynamics and looking at generational patterns to learn more about what is presently impacting the clients ability to function optimally. I specialize in working with families all together to support change longevity. I particularly enjoy working with clients suffering from anxiety, depression, or facing relationship difficulty. I use many methods to help people process their stress and trauma including art, movement, talk, and practicing alternative ways to navigate the world.
I enjoy working with people experiencing difficulty in all elements of life. I look through the lens of family systems which means I incorporate family dynamics and looking at generational patterns to learn more about what is presently impacting the clients ability to function optimally. I specialize in working with families all together to support change longevity. I particularly enjoy working with clients suffering from anxiety, depression, or facing relationship difficulty. I use many methods to help people process their stress and trauma including art, movement, talk, and practicing alternative ways to navigate the world.
(360) 780-3005 View (360) 780-3005
Photo of Greg Konzelman, PhD, Psychologist
Greg Konzelman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Puyallup, WA 98371
Not accepting new clients
-TEMPORARILY NOT TAKING NEW PATIENTS- Life and relationships can be overwhelming. Oftentimes, in spite of our best efforts, we find ourselves ineffective with the tools we have. Identifying and understanding your underlying tendencies, which frequently stem from hurtful relationships, is foundational for making peace and moving forward with more effective tools. We want to love and be loved. Before we can do this, we need to be love-able, in other words- healthy enough to express and accept love while maintaining healthy boundaries.
-TEMPORARILY NOT TAKING NEW PATIENTS- Life and relationships can be overwhelming. Oftentimes, in spite of our best efforts, we find ourselves ineffective with the tools we have. Identifying and understanding your underlying tendencies, which frequently stem from hurtful relationships, is foundational for making peace and moving forward with more effective tools. We want to love and be loved. Before we can do this, we need to be love-able, in other words- healthy enough to express and accept love while maintaining healthy boundaries.
(253) 286-0178 View (253) 286-0178
Photo of Kellie Wright, Pre-Licensed Professional
Kellie Wright
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Puyallup, WA 98372  (Online Only)
If I am not open to new clients, others in my practice will be. Email me to see if we are a good fit :-)
If I am not open to new clients, others in my practice will be. Email me to see if we are a good fit :-)
(253) 242-9194 View (253) 242-9194
Photo of Brooke Peterson, Pre-Licensed Professional
Brooke Peterson
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Puyallup, WA 98373
My name is Brooke Peterson, and I am a Master's Level Clinical Mental Health intern under the supervision of Christine Keys, LMHC. I enjoy working with a variety of clients and have years of experience working with children, adolescents, teens, young adults, and parents. I have experience working with individuals and families who have experienced trauma, are going through phase of life changes or struggles, experience anxiety and/or depression, stress, behavioral problems, ADHD, and internal family conflict.
My name is Brooke Peterson, and I am a Master's Level Clinical Mental Health intern under the supervision of Christine Keys, LMHC. I enjoy working with a variety of clients and have years of experience working with children, adolescents, teens, young adults, and parents. I have experience working with individuals and families who have experienced trauma, are going through phase of life changes or struggles, experience anxiety and/or depression, stress, behavioral problems, ADHD, and internal family conflict.
(253) 544-3197 View (253) 544-3197
Photo of Crystalin Thompson, AAC, SUDP, Pre-Licensed Professional
Crystalin Thompson
Pre-Licensed Professional, AAC, SUDP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Puyallup, WA 98372
Hello! I am glad you're here. My name is Crystalin and I feel honored being a therapist! To me, it's like being a compassionate companion on someone's journey, helping them rediscover the incredible depth and strength within themselves and their communities. Life can throw us curveballs, leaving us feeling disconnected from who we truly are. But by embracing every part of ourselves with kindness, even the parts we may not always love, we open up avenues for healing and personal growth.
Hello! I am glad you're here. My name is Crystalin and I feel honored being a therapist! To me, it's like being a compassionate companion on someone's journey, helping them rediscover the incredible depth and strength within themselves and their communities. Life can throw us curveballs, leaving us feeling disconnected from who we truly are. But by embracing every part of ourselves with kindness, even the parts we may not always love, we open up avenues for healing and personal growth.
(253) 264-3988 View (253) 264-3988
Photo of Tabitha Kuria - Live Life Healed, PLLC - Tabitha Kuria, EdS, CMHS, LMHC, Counselor
Live Life Healed, PLLC - Tabitha Kuria
Counselor, EdS, CMHS, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Puyallup, WA 98373  (Online Only)
To say that life is hard is an understatement; what a time to be alive and to be human! Life has an interesting way of "just" happening when we least expect it. Everyone has a story or a burden to bear, some heavier than others. Regardless, seeking a therapist midst those things can add another layer of hardness or stress. My goal as your therapist is to help you find healing. Whether I am the right fit or not, you will leave our consultation one or two ways; ready to dive in together and do the work or help with finding the right therapist.
To say that life is hard is an understatement; what a time to be alive and to be human! Life has an interesting way of "just" happening when we least expect it. Everyone has a story or a burden to bear, some heavier than others. Regardless, seeking a therapist midst those things can add another layer of hardness or stress. My goal as your therapist is to help you find healing. Whether I am the right fit or not, you will leave our consultation one or two ways; ready to dive in together and do the work or help with finding the right therapist.
(253) 867-8475 View (253) 867-8475
Photo of Leslie Chantel Quintero - Chantel Quintero, PLLC, LMFTA, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Chantel Quintero, PLLC
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFTA, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Puyallup, WA 98372
Change does not happen overnight. It is a process that happens by taking small steps towards a goal everyday. My goal is to help individual's & families to become stronger & have a healthier outlook on the future/present, so they can develop accepting & loving relationship with themselves & others without judgement. This is done by improving communication, learning & understanding an individual’s past, beliefs or culture can affect one’s behavior, views & emotions, building up self worth, being validated when family members address issues from the past or present.
Change does not happen overnight. It is a process that happens by taking small steps towards a goal everyday. My goal is to help individual's & families to become stronger & have a healthier outlook on the future/present, so they can develop accepting & loving relationship with themselves & others without judgement. This is done by improving communication, learning & understanding an individual’s past, beliefs or culture can affect one’s behavior, views & emotions, building up self worth, being validated when family members address issues from the past or present.
(253) 285-1542 View (253) 285-1542
Photo of Shawnda Brese, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Shawnda Brese
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Puyallup, WA 98372
Current openings: Monday 9am or 2pm; Tuesday 9am, 1pm or 4:30pm; Thursday 11am, 1pm, 2pm. People see counselors for many different reasons. Some folks have mental health struggles such as anxiety or depression and therefore come to therapy for treatment and help. Others come to therapy for other life problems such as relationship problems, stressful work environments, worries about their future or their kids, struggles with their faith and spirituality, or grief and loss, etc. Counseling is an investment in the betterment of your life.
Current openings: Monday 9am or 2pm; Tuesday 9am, 1pm or 4:30pm; Thursday 11am, 1pm, 2pm. People see counselors for many different reasons. Some folks have mental health struggles such as anxiety or depression and therefore come to therapy for treatment and help. Others come to therapy for other life problems such as relationship problems, stressful work environments, worries about their future or their kids, struggles with their faith and spirituality, or grief and loss, etc. Counseling is an investment in the betterment of your life.
(253) 231-3581 View (253) 231-3581
Photo of Samantha Solis, LMHC, CMPC, Counselor
Samantha Solis
Counselor, LMHC, CMPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Puyallup, WA 98372  (Online Only)
I am not accepting new clients at this time-I have experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and families. I am passionate about providing mental health services to those in need by coming alongside clients and providing treatment that aligns with their values and interests. My goal is to provide an environment where clients feel safe to express their thoughts and feelings, and where clients feel heard, accepted, and respected.
I am not accepting new clients at this time-I have experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and families. I am passionate about providing mental health services to those in need by coming alongside clients and providing treatment that aligns with their values and interests. My goal is to provide an environment where clients feel safe to express their thoughts and feelings, and where clients feel heard, accepted, and respected.
(253) 465-4893 View (253) 465-4893
Photo of Amy E Pruitt, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Amy E Pruitt
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Puyallup, WA 98373
Would it surprise you to know that nearly every client I have ever worked with has asked me the same question? It's true. "Am I crazy?" I tell them all the same thing: "No. Crazy is a feeling--not a diagnosis. You can feel crazy, act crazy, look crazy, do something crazy--but you cannot BE crazy. Maybe you have been wondering if you are crazy? Or if perhaps you are "losing your mind"? I would like to be the therapist who gets to know you, and helps reassure you that you are not crazy or losing your mind, and to help you feel better in general.
Would it surprise you to know that nearly every client I have ever worked with has asked me the same question? It's true. "Am I crazy?" I tell them all the same thing: "No. Crazy is a feeling--not a diagnosis. You can feel crazy, act crazy, look crazy, do something crazy--but you cannot BE crazy. Maybe you have been wondering if you are crazy? Or if perhaps you are "losing your mind"? I would like to be the therapist who gets to know you, and helps reassure you that you are not crazy or losing your mind, and to help you feel better in general.
(253) 262-0423 View (253) 262-0423
Photo of Keali Nowak, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Keali Nowak
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Puyallup, WA 98373
The world we live in is an ever changing and fast paced place that can often times add complexities to our lives, our relationships, our internal thoughts and emotions that we didn’t anticipate or were not ready for. In these times it can be helpful to seek therapy to have someone support your growth into the person you want to be in a respectful, empathetic, and judgment-free environment.
The world we live in is an ever changing and fast paced place that can often times add complexities to our lives, our relationships, our internal thoughts and emotions that we didn’t anticipate or were not ready for. In these times it can be helpful to seek therapy to have someone support your growth into the person you want to be in a respectful, empathetic, and judgment-free environment.
(253) 446-7176 View (253) 446-7176
Photo of Nick Etherington, LMHC, MS, Counselor
Nick Etherington
Counselor, LMHC, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Puyallup, WA 98373
“There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you”-Maya Angelou. It can be difficult taking the first step to seek out help when life seems unmanageable. However, it is often more difficult to work through the issues causing this disruption alone. Whether this is due to limited support in your life, or feeling that you have to take care of it yourself, you do not have to work through it alone.
“There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you”-Maya Angelou. It can be difficult taking the first step to seek out help when life seems unmanageable. However, it is often more difficult to work through the issues causing this disruption alone. Whether this is due to limited support in your life, or feeling that you have to take care of it yourself, you do not have to work through it alone.
(253) 446-7176 View (253) 446-7176
Photo of Bethany Sutton, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Bethany Sutton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Puyallup, WA 98371
Waitlist for new clients
Everyone is worthy of love and belonging. I am committed to creating a safe space for my clients no matter their background, story, or identity. I believe that each client is unique and deserves to be heard. Therapy is a collaborative process. My role is to meet you where you are and guide you toward healing. I will respect and honor your story and help you move through the pain to find new beginnings.
Everyone is worthy of love and belonging. I am committed to creating a safe space for my clients no matter their background, story, or identity. I believe that each client is unique and deserves to be heard. Therapy is a collaborative process. My role is to meet you where you are and guide you toward healing. I will respect and honor your story and help you move through the pain to find new beginnings.
(253) 499-8871 View (253) 499-8871
Photo of Bonnie E Senn - Bonnie Senn, MA, LMFT, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Bonnie Senn, MA, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Puyallup, WA 98373  (Online Only)
When tears well up and tempers flare, give me a call and I'll be there. If you have never been to counseling before, you may be feeling anxious at the thought of calling me. That is normal, but I want you to know that I am a gentle soul who is here to help you. I hope you will reach out to me so we can discuss what is bothering you. My approach is filled with unconditional positive regard and respect. Counseling is my passion!
When tears well up and tempers flare, give me a call and I'll be there. If you have never been to counseling before, you may be feeling anxious at the thought of calling me. That is normal, but I want you to know that I am a gentle soul who is here to help you. I hope you will reach out to me so we can discuss what is bothering you. My approach is filled with unconditional positive regard and respect. Counseling is my passion!
(253) 201-3893 View (253) 201-3893
Photo of Tabatha Fairbanks, LMHC, MA, Counselor
Tabatha Fairbanks
Counselor, LMHC, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Puyallup, WA 98373  (Online Only)
Hi! I'm Tabatha. I'm going to be real with you, I am an odd duck. I don't say that in a self-deprecating way. I feel like sometimes what others need from therapy is not only someone who can be serious, but can be silly when you need a good laugh in-between all the trauma talk and hard times. I choose my practice name of Mountains and Molehills not only to have a little fun with it, but to also share that no matter the problem, big or small, it matters. I currently tend to work with clients ages from 18 years and older who suffer from Depression, Anxiety, Bipolar Disorders, PTSD, and life transitions.
Hi! I'm Tabatha. I'm going to be real with you, I am an odd duck. I don't say that in a self-deprecating way. I feel like sometimes what others need from therapy is not only someone who can be serious, but can be silly when you need a good laugh in-between all the trauma talk and hard times. I choose my practice name of Mountains and Molehills not only to have a little fun with it, but to also share that no matter the problem, big or small, it matters. I currently tend to work with clients ages from 18 years and older who suffer from Depression, Anxiety, Bipolar Disorders, PTSD, and life transitions.
(253) 528-9038 View (253) 528-9038
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Puyallup, WA

200+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Puyallup, WA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Self Esteem
76% Trauma and PTSD
75% Coping Skills
73% Stress
72% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% Regence
75% Premera
71% First Choice Health | FCH

How Therapists in Puyallup, WA see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
17% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Puyallup?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.