Therapists in Carmel, IN

Photo of Emily Grimwood, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Emily Grimwood
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
Emily Grimwood is board-certified by the Behavioral Health and Human Sciences Licensing Board as a licensed clinical social worker. Emily received her bachelor's in psychology from Purdue University in 2016 and master's in social work from Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis in 2018. Emily has experience providing therapy services in an outpatient setting to individuals of all ages and from different backgrounds. She is a certified dialectical behavioral therapist and uses techniques of cognitive behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing as well as Theraplay-based principles.
Emily Grimwood is board-certified by the Behavioral Health and Human Sciences Licensing Board as a licensed clinical social worker. Emily received her bachelor's in psychology from Purdue University in 2016 and master's in social work from Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis in 2018. Emily has experience providing therapy services in an outpatient setting to individuals of all ages and from different backgrounds. She is a certified dialectical behavioral therapist and uses techniques of cognitive behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing as well as Theraplay-based principles.
(463) 223-9283 View (463) 223-9283
Photo of Will Hughes, LMFT
Will Hughes
LMFT
Not Verified Not Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
Will is a graduate of IU with a Bachelors degree of Sociology. He earned his Masters Degree in Clinical Mental Health from Bradely University. Will has experience working in numerous mental health settings with a wide range of age groups. He has provided individual therapy and group therapy with children and adults. Will is currently serving as a therapist in the Carmel office and specializes in working with children.
Will is a graduate of IU with a Bachelors degree of Sociology. He earned his Masters Degree in Clinical Mental Health from Bradely University. Will has experience working in numerous mental health settings with a wide range of age groups. He has provided individual therapy and group therapy with children and adults. Will is currently serving as a therapist in the Carmel office and specializes in working with children.
(317) 569-5433 View (317) 569-5433
Photo of Kelly Joan Herr, NCC, LMHC, NBCC, Counselor
Kelly Joan Herr
Counselor, NCC, LMHC, NBCC
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
I'm so glad you're here! You've already taken your first step to making a change! If you're someone who is ready to put the work in to make changes for the better, and willing to work hard for what you hope to achieve, you will accomplish your goal. My job is to help support and navigate you to that place, wherever it may be! My approach is person-centered and goal oriented, and solution-focused. I love to work with children of all ages, in addition to young women going through adjustments or transitions of any kind.
I'm so glad you're here! You've already taken your first step to making a change! If you're someone who is ready to put the work in to make changes for the better, and willing to work hard for what you hope to achieve, you will accomplish your goal. My job is to help support and navigate you to that place, wherever it may be! My approach is person-centered and goal oriented, and solution-focused. I love to work with children of all ages, in addition to young women going through adjustments or transitions of any kind.
(317) 218-9275 View (317) 218-9275
Photo of Kathryn L Sahm, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kathryn L Sahm
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
I have always had a passion and a deep respect for humanity, for learning about others, for appreciating the differences and personal histories, and for discovering how individuals' values drive their own power to heal themselves. As a therapist, it is my privilege to be a mere facilitator of the discovery process. I look forward to aiding the change process in its many forms and in the time frame that you--the individual—desires and determines. With 15 years of experience in the field, I feel that I bring experience but also a fresh perspective of how to help.
I have always had a passion and a deep respect for humanity, for learning about others, for appreciating the differences and personal histories, and for discovering how individuals' values drive their own power to heal themselves. As a therapist, it is my privilege to be a mere facilitator of the discovery process. I look forward to aiding the change process in its many forms and in the time frame that you--the individual—desires and determines. With 15 years of experience in the field, I feel that I bring experience but also a fresh perspective of how to help.
(317) 662-2836 View (317) 662-2836
Photo of Amber Behrouzvaziri, LMHC, Counselor
Amber Behrouzvaziri
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Carmel, IN 46032
Are you tired of just being listened to and actually want to feel and get better? Do you want real solutions and progress? Do you want lasting relief from trauma and relationship woes? All of these things are possible with the right therapist. If you have had unhelpful therapy experiences in the past, please know it can be different. I have had clients tell me a few months of our work together has been more helpful than the years of therapy they have had in the past. Whether you are healing from trauma, working through grief, working through a breakup/divorce or wanting to improve your relationship, I am here to support you.
Are you tired of just being listened to and actually want to feel and get better? Do you want real solutions and progress? Do you want lasting relief from trauma and relationship woes? All of these things are possible with the right therapist. If you have had unhelpful therapy experiences in the past, please know it can be different. I have had clients tell me a few months of our work together has been more helpful than the years of therapy they have had in the past. Whether you are healing from trauma, working through grief, working through a breakup/divorce or wanting to improve your relationship, I am here to support you.
(463) 223-9540 View (463) 223-9540
Photo of Sarah L Brubaker, MSW, LCSW, LSSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sarah L Brubaker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LSSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carmel, IN 46032
Sarah BruBaker is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and has been providing therapy and support to clients since 2015. She has worked in clinical, community and school settings. She has specific experience working with children, teens and parents to address anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, self-harm, school-related issues, behavioral concerns, peer relationships, self-esteem, adoption, family conflict, and parent-child attachment issues. Sarah's Therapy Dog, Appa, joined her in June of 2022 to provide emotional support to children and adults during their counseling sessions when requested.
Sarah BruBaker is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and has been providing therapy and support to clients since 2015. She has worked in clinical, community and school settings. She has specific experience working with children, teens and parents to address anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, self-harm, school-related issues, behavioral concerns, peer relationships, self-esteem, adoption, family conflict, and parent-child attachment issues. Sarah's Therapy Dog, Appa, joined her in June of 2022 to provide emotional support to children and adults during their counseling sessions when requested.
(317) 978-2917 View (317) 978-2917
Photo of Jan Alan Eglen, PhD, HSPP, ABPP, Psychologist
Jan Alan Eglen
Psychologist, PhD, HSPP, ABPP
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032  (Online Only)
Having been a practicing psychologist since 1984 I have had thousands of clients. I firmly believe most individuals, with some exceptions, know the answer to their problems but just can't think of it or put it into workable action. My job is to assist the client in narrowly defining their clinical question (what they want to work on) and a metric driven method for knowing when we are improving their situation with with measureable objectives. I provide a great deal of transparency in my therapy including outlining the first ten sessions in detail before we start, my recommended reading list, providing detailed handout sheets
Having been a practicing psychologist since 1984 I have had thousands of clients. I firmly believe most individuals, with some exceptions, know the answer to their problems but just can't think of it or put it into workable action. My job is to assist the client in narrowly defining their clinical question (what they want to work on) and a metric driven method for knowing when we are improving their situation with with measureable objectives. I provide a great deal of transparency in my therapy including outlining the first ten sessions in detail before we start, my recommended reading list, providing detailed handout sheets
(463) 217-4763 View (463) 217-4763
Photo of Amanda Zolman, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Amanda Zolman
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Carmel, IN 46032  (Online Only)
Amanda’s (she/her) clinical interests include anxiety disorders, sexual and gender identity, eating and body image issues, fertility and family planning issues, the unique needs of high school and college students, and working with the LGBTQ+ community. She has over 10 years of experience working with a diverse range of individuals in terms of socioeconomic status, age, ethnicity, gender. Amanda is committed to providing supportive, affirming, and professional therapy services to assist individuals and families in improving their mental health, enhancing their life experiences, and empowering them to be a part of their own growth.
Amanda’s (she/her) clinical interests include anxiety disorders, sexual and gender identity, eating and body image issues, fertility and family planning issues, the unique needs of high school and college students, and working with the LGBTQ+ community. She has over 10 years of experience working with a diverse range of individuals in terms of socioeconomic status, age, ethnicity, gender. Amanda is committed to providing supportive, affirming, and professional therapy services to assist individuals and families in improving their mental health, enhancing their life experiences, and empowering them to be a part of their own growth.
(317) 953-4778 View (317) 953-4778
Photo of Charles Allen Spray, MS, LMHC, Counselor
Charles Allen Spray
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
I am excited about working in a private practice counseling setting, sharing office space, scheduling, and billing with Positive Pathways LLC, where I have worked for the past 18 years. I have over 30 years of experience counseling adults, children, and adolescents in a variety of settings. My experience includes serving as a therapist in inpatient, outpatient, therapeutic day school, residential treatment programs, behavior consultation, and as a school counselor. I have an MS in counseling from Indiana University and am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC).
I am excited about working in a private practice counseling setting, sharing office space, scheduling, and billing with Positive Pathways LLC, where I have worked for the past 18 years. I have over 30 years of experience counseling adults, children, and adolescents in a variety of settings. My experience includes serving as a therapist in inpatient, outpatient, therapeutic day school, residential treatment programs, behavior consultation, and as a school counselor. I have an MS in counseling from Indiana University and am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC).
(317) 689-0231 View (317) 689-0231
Photo of Imen Saadeh, MSW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Imen Saadeh
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carmel, IN 46033
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life’s challenges? As a compassionate therapist with over 10 years of experience, I’m here to provide you with a safe and cozy space to share your story and work towards a more peaceful and fulfilling life. My expertise lies in helping minority and immigrant individuals and families who are dealing with grief and trauma, as well as young women and mothers who are struggling with identity issues, depression and anxiety.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life’s challenges? As a compassionate therapist with over 10 years of experience, I’m here to provide you with a safe and cozy space to share your story and work towards a more peaceful and fulfilling life. My expertise lies in helping minority and immigrant individuals and families who are dealing with grief and trauma, as well as young women and mothers who are struggling with identity issues, depression and anxiety.
(317) 868-1226 View (317) 868-1226
Photo of Laurie A Moyer, LMHC, ATR, Art Therapist
Laurie A Moyer
Art Therapist, LMHC, ATR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carmel, IN 46032
As a therapist with over 20 years experience, I have a relaxed and welcoming approach that helps put clients at ease. I use art therapy to help individuals express themselves when words are sometimes hard to find. I use creative tools such as paint, clay, collage, drawing, etc. to help promote emotional growth. I also offer traditional talk therapy. Clients can choose their preferred approach, whether sitting on the couch talking, doing art or walking on the trails outside our space.
As a therapist with over 20 years experience, I have a relaxed and welcoming approach that helps put clients at ease. I use art therapy to help individuals express themselves when words are sometimes hard to find. I use creative tools such as paint, clay, collage, drawing, etc. to help promote emotional growth. I also offer traditional talk therapy. Clients can choose their preferred approach, whether sitting on the couch talking, doing art or walking on the trails outside our space.
(317) 649-8942 View (317) 649-8942
Photo of Morgan Stoner, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Morgan Stoner
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
I received my Master’s in Marriage and Family Therapy from Indiana Wesleyan University and completed my Bachelor of Science in Human Services at Purdue University. I have experience with children, adolescents, families, couples and individuals, and have worked with clients in a range of cultures, backgrounds, and walks of life. My approach to therapy involves forming a strong therapeutic alliance with my clients in order to walk alongside them as they achieve their goals and become better versions of themselves! I encourage clients as they find personal purpose and drive.
I received my Master’s in Marriage and Family Therapy from Indiana Wesleyan University and completed my Bachelor of Science in Human Services at Purdue University. I have experience with children, adolescents, families, couples and individuals, and have worked with clients in a range of cultures, backgrounds, and walks of life. My approach to therapy involves forming a strong therapeutic alliance with my clients in order to walk alongside them as they achieve their goals and become better versions of themselves! I encourage clients as they find personal purpose and drive.
(317) 548-1965 View (317) 548-1965
Photo of Amy Lemmon, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amy Lemmon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
Amy Lemmon is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW), who has been practicing since 2010. She graduated from Loyola University Chicago with a Master of Social Work, and is experienced in treating anxiety, depression, adjustment to chronic illness/medical conditions, adult life transitions, and women’s issues. Amy works with individuals 18 and over and has experience counseling a diverse group of adults in clinical, community and outpatient settings. She uses a variety of clinical approaches that include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), person-centered perspective, strengths-based perspective.
Amy Lemmon is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW), who has been practicing since 2010. She graduated from Loyola University Chicago with a Master of Social Work, and is experienced in treating anxiety, depression, adjustment to chronic illness/medical conditions, adult life transitions, and women’s issues. Amy works with individuals 18 and over and has experience counseling a diverse group of adults in clinical, community and outpatient settings. She uses a variety of clinical approaches that include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), person-centered perspective, strengths-based perspective.
(463) 217-0590 View (463) 217-0590
Photo of Brittney Oliver, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brittney Oliver
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
Welcome to a unique therapeutic journey. Unlike traditional approaches, my work is deeply soul-driven, prioritizing authentic connection over rigid interventions. While I incorporate evidence-based techniques, my primary focus is on engaging with clients at a human level through vulnerable and honest conversations. We all crave to be truly heard and seen. I believe that no one seeks a savior; rather, we desire to be fully accepted and loved without judgment or external pressures to change. To achieve freedom from others' judgments, it is essential to understand and embrace your true self.
Welcome to a unique therapeutic journey. Unlike traditional approaches, my work is deeply soul-driven, prioritizing authentic connection over rigid interventions. While I incorporate evidence-based techniques, my primary focus is on engaging with clients at a human level through vulnerable and honest conversations. We all crave to be truly heard and seen. I believe that no one seeks a savior; rather, we desire to be fully accepted and loved without judgment or external pressures to change. To achieve freedom from others' judgments, it is essential to understand and embrace your true self.
(463) 220-4922 View (463) 220-4922
Photo of Leah Hastings, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Leah Hastings
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032  (Online Only)
Leah Hastings is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 20 years of experience in the child advocacy and social services fields. She finds her passion in working with underserved populations, including youth involved in the criminal justice system and families reliant on state services. Prior to earning her MSW, she worked with incarcerated youth and families involved in the child welfare system. She specializes in treating trauma, ADHD, gender identity, grief, anxiety, and depression with a holistic approach to meet each client's complex needs. Additionally, she has experience in navigating sudden loss and large life transitions.
Leah Hastings is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 20 years of experience in the child advocacy and social services fields. She finds her passion in working with underserved populations, including youth involved in the criminal justice system and families reliant on state services. Prior to earning her MSW, she worked with incarcerated youth and families involved in the child welfare system. She specializes in treating trauma, ADHD, gender identity, grief, anxiety, and depression with a holistic approach to meet each client's complex needs. Additionally, she has experience in navigating sudden loss and large life transitions.
(463) 222-0639 View (463) 222-0639
Photo of Salma Mohiuddin, MSW, LCSW, RSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Salma Mohiuddin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, RSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Carmel, IN 46033
Are you looking for a safe space to explore your past, present and future, but have been hesitant because of the fear of being judged or misunderstood? Are you someone who wants to share their story, struggles, and hopes, but wants therapy to provide observable change? Many of my clients say these are the reasons they were hesitant to seek therapy. I work hard to create a safe, judgement free place for you to share your story so we can explore the tools for you move forward.
Are you looking for a safe space to explore your past, present and future, but have been hesitant because of the fear of being judged or misunderstood? Are you someone who wants to share their story, struggles, and hopes, but wants therapy to provide observable change? Many of my clients say these are the reasons they were hesitant to seek therapy. I work hard to create a safe, judgement free place for you to share your story so we can explore the tools for you move forward.
(317) 751-2782 View (317) 751-2782
Photo of Chelsea Newcomb, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Chelsea Newcomb
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Carmel, IN 46032
Not accepting new clients
Trying to find the right therapist can be hard work. I hope to make the process a little easier by providing a welcoming, nonjudgmental, and relaxed environment.
Trying to find the right therapist can be hard work. I hope to make the process a little easier by providing a welcoming, nonjudgmental, and relaxed environment.
(317) 406-0584 View (317) 406-0584
Photo of Maryann Lake, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Maryann Lake
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
I have been working with Adults, Adolescents, Couples and Families for 20 years. I work with my clients to address any issues associated with depression, anxiety, bi-polar, personality disorders, trauma and addiction. I enjoy helping my patients identify the core issues that they want to address and develop skills and tools to help them successfully navigate through them for the rest of their life.
I have been working with Adults, Adolescents, Couples and Families for 20 years. I work with my clients to address any issues associated with depression, anxiety, bi-polar, personality disorders, trauma and addiction. I enjoy helping my patients identify the core issues that they want to address and develop skills and tools to help them successfully navigate through them for the rest of their life.
(317) 401-5276 View (317) 401-5276
Photo of Natalie Raab, LMHCA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Natalie Raab
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
Not accepting new clients
Each of us will experience times of pain and struggle where the solution isn’t obvious, or where various barriers prevent us from living the life we want. There is no challenge too big or too small for therapy. I meet clients with a nonjudgmental, nondirective stance and take a strengths-based and solutions-focused approach in therapy. What this means practically is that I want to help you make positive changes in your life, at your own pace, by identifying and using your inherent strengths to adjust patterns that aren’t working for you.
Each of us will experience times of pain and struggle where the solution isn’t obvious, or where various barriers prevent us from living the life we want. There is no challenge too big or too small for therapy. I meet clients with a nonjudgmental, nondirective stance and take a strengths-based and solutions-focused approach in therapy. What this means practically is that I want to help you make positive changes in your life, at your own pace, by identifying and using your inherent strengths to adjust patterns that aren’t working for you.
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Photo of Jenna Doyle, LMHC, Counselor
Jenna Doyle
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
Life can feel overwhelming and difficult to navigate at times. The thoughts that consume your day, feeling hopeless that the pain will never go away, and the uncertainty of how to transition through this period can make you feel stuck. My goal is to help you gain insight and awareness along with learn new strategies and coping skills to navigate through these difficult times. I also understand how important it is to provide an environment where you feel heard, supported, and understood in order to facilitate these changes and feel confident in applying these techniques within your life.
Life can feel overwhelming and difficult to navigate at times. The thoughts that consume your day, feeling hopeless that the pain will never go away, and the uncertainty of how to transition through this period can make you feel stuck. My goal is to help you gain insight and awareness along with learn new strategies and coping skills to navigate through these difficult times. I also understand how important it is to provide an environment where you feel heard, supported, and understood in order to facilitate these changes and feel confident in applying these techniques within your life.
(317) 483-0119 View (317) 483-0119
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Carmel, IN

600+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Carmel, IN who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
90% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
72% Trauma and PTSD
72% Self Esteem
68% Stress
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

75% BlueCross and BlueShield
73% Elevance
60% Aetna

How Therapists in Carmel, IN see their clients

79% In Person and Online
21% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Carmel?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.