Therapists in Arlington, VA

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Photo of Jelena Kecmanovic - Dr K., PhD, Psychologist
Jelena Kecmanovic - Dr K.
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Arlington, VA 22201
If you are looking for a seasoned, astute, and evidence-based psychologist who can help with anxiety, worry, stress management for high achievers, interpersonal problems, and existential concerns, we might be a good fit. I have over 30 years of psychotherapy, teaching, writing, and presenting experience and am an adjunct professor at Georgetown University. I am also a frequent contributor to the Washington Post. Committed to using the most effective treatments available, I integrate Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) with existential approaches, all while building a strong, supportive, and collaborative therapeutic relationship.
If you are looking for a seasoned, astute, and evidence-based psychologist who can help with anxiety, worry, stress management for high achievers, interpersonal problems, and existential concerns, we might be a good fit. I have over 30 years of psychotherapy, teaching, writing, and presenting experience and am an adjunct professor at Georgetown University. I am also a frequent contributor to the Washington Post. Committed to using the most effective treatments available, I integrate Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) with existential approaches, all while building a strong, supportive, and collaborative therapeutic relationship.
(202) 800-2046 View (202) 800-2046
Photo of Dave Dayton, PhD, Psychologist
Dave Dayton
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Arlington, VA 22209
My job is to help you become unstuck. Most of the people who reach out to me are (or were) ambitious high-achievers who have hit an impasse, whether professionally or interpersonally. I strive to create an emotionally safe space where you feel free to explore and gain insights into unconscious habits that may be interfering with your life. I customize my approach to your needs, goals, and personality. My aim is to help you develop the motivation, willingness, and guidance needed to take risks and confront the fears that may be undermining your relationships and your sense of self.
My job is to help you become unstuck. Most of the people who reach out to me are (or were) ambitious high-achievers who have hit an impasse, whether professionally or interpersonally. I strive to create an emotionally safe space where you feel free to explore and gain insights into unconscious habits that may be interfering with your life. I customize my approach to your needs, goals, and personality. My aim is to help you develop the motivation, willingness, and guidance needed to take risks and confront the fears that may be undermining your relationships and your sense of self.
(703) 596-8939 View (703) 596-8939
Photo of Diana Bermudez, PhD, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Diana Bermudez
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
Arlington, VA 22207
Waitlist for new clients
My mission is to strengthen the emotional wellbeing of young children (infants-10 years old), and their families and teachers who support them. I believe that developing the coping skills of the children, while improving the family relationships (and school environment when possible) decreases and prevents behavior challenges. I provide family psychotherapy and parent coaching, with a combination of art therapy, play therapy, yoga and mindfulness techniques, to engage family members of all ages.
My mission is to strengthen the emotional wellbeing of young children (infants-10 years old), and their families and teachers who support them. I believe that developing the coping skills of the children, while improving the family relationships (and school environment when possible) decreases and prevents behavior challenges. I provide family psychotherapy and parent coaching, with a combination of art therapy, play therapy, yoga and mindfulness techniques, to engage family members of all ages.
(703) 782-8763 View (703) 782-8763
Photo of Jacqueline Buarque de Macedo, LCSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jacqueline Buarque de Macedo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Arlington, VA 22209
“The good life is a process, not a state of being. It is a direction not a destination” – Carl Rogers. Are you feeling stuck and lost in a cycle of repetition? Are you unsure how to change your relationship with yourself and others? I am experienced in treating adults, children, and adolescents, who have struggled with a combination of issues. Additionally, I have a special interest in couples therapy and work out of a Gottman and Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy perspective. My areas of expertise include trauma, anxiety, panic, depression, and adjustment disorders.
“The good life is a process, not a state of being. It is a direction not a destination” – Carl Rogers. Are you feeling stuck and lost in a cycle of repetition? Are you unsure how to change your relationship with yourself and others? I am experienced in treating adults, children, and adolescents, who have struggled with a combination of issues. Additionally, I have a special interest in couples therapy and work out of a Gottman and Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy perspective. My areas of expertise include trauma, anxiety, panic, depression, and adjustment disorders.
(703) 440-7619 View (703) 440-7619
Photo of Kevin Richardson, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kevin Richardson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Arlington, VA 22209  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Years ago, I visited Ghana where I was introduced to a symbol called the “Sankofa”. The Sankofa translates into “go back and fetch” and symbolizes the importance of looking to your past in order to reclaim the strength and wisdom that has been left behind. As a therapist this deeply resonates with me. Often pieces of our past may feel too painful or overwhelming to revisit. However, through my clients I've seen firsthand that even in some of the most challenging and traumatic experiences often lies perseverance, strength, and growth.
Years ago, I visited Ghana where I was introduced to a symbol called the “Sankofa”. The Sankofa translates into “go back and fetch” and symbolizes the importance of looking to your past in order to reclaim the strength and wisdom that has been left behind. As a therapist this deeply resonates with me. Often pieces of our past may feel too painful or overwhelming to revisit. However, through my clients I've seen firsthand that even in some of the most challenging and traumatic experiences often lies perseverance, strength, and growth.
(571) 520-8683 View (571) 520-8683
Photo of Laura Martinson - Laura Martinson, PhD, PhD, Psychologist
Laura Martinson, PhD
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Arlington, VA 22213  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over a decade of experience working with adults and late adolescents to address a broad range of concerns. I specialize in treating OCD, OCD Spectrum disorders, and anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety, social anxiety, specific phobia, panic disorder) using empirically supported treatments (Exposure and Response Prevention, CBT, and mindfulness-based approaches). I also have extensive experience treating depression, disordered eating, stress around life transitions, and relationship concerns.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over a decade of experience working with adults and late adolescents to address a broad range of concerns. I specialize in treating OCD, OCD Spectrum disorders, and anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety, social anxiety, specific phobia, panic disorder) using empirically supported treatments (Exposure and Response Prevention, CBT, and mindfulness-based approaches). I also have extensive experience treating depression, disordered eating, stress around life transitions, and relationship concerns.
(571) 568-8014 View (571) 568-8014
Photo of Sean Maloney, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sean Maloney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Arlington, VA 22209
The foundation of my practice is based on the belief that we all have the inherent ability to grow and change and, ultimately, to live the balanced and thriving life we envision for ourselves. Whether you are an executive working to find your rhythm in leadership, a member of the armed services struggling with return from deployment, a young adult questioning your sexual orientation, a couple trying to inspire the next phase of your relationship, or an athlete trying to push through a frustrating plateau, I am ready to work alongside you and tackle all of life’s challenges.
The foundation of my practice is based on the belief that we all have the inherent ability to grow and change and, ultimately, to live the balanced and thriving life we envision for ourselves. Whether you are an executive working to find your rhythm in leadership, a member of the armed services struggling with return from deployment, a young adult questioning your sexual orientation, a couple trying to inspire the next phase of your relationship, or an athlete trying to push through a frustrating plateau, I am ready to work alongside you and tackle all of life’s challenges.
(571) 458-1801 x102 View (571) 458-1801 x102
Photo of Allana Taylor, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Allana Taylor
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Arlington, VA 22203  (Online Only)
I have over 20 years of experience as a therapist, working with clients experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma; and stressors related to related difficult life transitions, unhealthy relationships, and family conflict. I believe a productive therapeutic experience should focus less on the bad choices you have made in your life and more on the right choices you decide to make going forward. Your past is important but not as important as your future. You will leave therapy, empowered with new tools and feeling confident about the new direction of your life.
I have over 20 years of experience as a therapist, working with clients experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma; and stressors related to related difficult life transitions, unhealthy relationships, and family conflict. I believe a productive therapeutic experience should focus less on the bad choices you have made in your life and more on the right choices you decide to make going forward. Your past is important but not as important as your future. You will leave therapy, empowered with new tools and feeling confident about the new direction of your life.
(571) 321-5005 View (571) 321-5005
Photo of Gabi Sammon, Pre-Licensed Professional
Gabi Sammon
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, VA 22201
I believe in offering a voice for children, adolescents, teens, and families by providing a safe, non-judgmental, and open space to talk about their concerns. I believe that everyone can benefit from having someone to talk to, whether that be about day-to-day stress, school, family problems, anxiety, depression, or any other challenges a person may face.
I believe in offering a voice for children, adolescents, teens, and families by providing a safe, non-judgmental, and open space to talk about their concerns. I believe that everyone can benefit from having someone to talk to, whether that be about day-to-day stress, school, family problems, anxiety, depression, or any other challenges a person may face.
(571) 520-6296 View (571) 520-6296
Photo of Jerry Romero, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jerry Romero
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Arlington, VA 22201
A few of my practices include cognitive behavioral, solution-focused, and reality therapy to help address issues such as depression, anxiety, trauma, relationship issues, addiction, sex distress, or other concerns. I'm an advocate for mental, physical, and spiritual health. I enjoy building a trusting relationship with every client to help empower them and help them become better versions of themselves.
A few of my practices include cognitive behavioral, solution-focused, and reality therapy to help address issues such as depression, anxiety, trauma, relationship issues, addiction, sex distress, or other concerns. I'm an advocate for mental, physical, and spiritual health. I enjoy building a trusting relationship with every client to help empower them and help them become better versions of themselves.
(571) 496-8731 View (571) 496-8731
Photo of Kate Vitolo, LGPC, CSAC
Kate Vitolo
Resident in Counseling, LGPC, CSAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, VA 22209
Are you thriving professionally but struggling internally? Have you always been an exceptional student while also being overwhelmed by what that takes out of you? If you have it all together but still struggle with your mental health, I can help. Whether it's anxiety, depression, issues with relationships, or maybe leaning on that glass of wine a bit too much, therapy can help you overcome the issues you may be experiencing.
Are you thriving professionally but struggling internally? Have you always been an exceptional student while also being overwhelmed by what that takes out of you? If you have it all together but still struggle with your mental health, I can help. Whether it's anxiety, depression, issues with relationships, or maybe leaning on that glass of wine a bit too much, therapy can help you overcome the issues you may be experiencing.
(571) 470-5516 View (571) 470-5516
Photo of Melissa Futreal, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melissa Futreal
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Arlington, VA 22207
I began helping others in 1990 as a Peer Counselor (Drug Exemption NCO) while on active duty in the Marine Corps. After earning degrees in Psychology and Social Work at UNCW/ECU, I obtained licensure to practice independently with the Virginia Board of Health Professionals in 2004. I am originally from the Hampton Roads area but have worked internationally with people from many different backgrounds. I have continued to support the military, as well as the community at large, for over 3 decades with evidence-based treatments for trauma (PTSD).
I began helping others in 1990 as a Peer Counselor (Drug Exemption NCO) while on active duty in the Marine Corps. After earning degrees in Psychology and Social Work at UNCW/ECU, I obtained licensure to practice independently with the Virginia Board of Health Professionals in 2004. I am originally from the Hampton Roads area but have worked internationally with people from many different backgrounds. I have continued to support the military, as well as the community at large, for over 3 decades with evidence-based treatments for trauma (PTSD).
(571) 506-7969 View (571) 506-7969
Photo of Bianca Cornelius, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Bianca Cornelius
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Arlington, VA 22204
Hello, I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Virginia; I have 8 years of experience in the mental health field. I have worked with individuals with a wide range of concerns, including anxiety disorders, trauma, depression, relationship struggles, adjusting to life changes, grief & loss, personal development, self-esteem, and social skills development. I have worked with individuals with a wide range of concerns, including anxiety disorders, trauma, depression, relationship struggles, adjusting to life changes, grief & loss, personal development, self-esteem, and social skills development.
Hello, I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Virginia; I have 8 years of experience in the mental health field. I have worked with individuals with a wide range of concerns, including anxiety disorders, trauma, depression, relationship struggles, adjusting to life changes, grief & loss, personal development, self-esteem, and social skills development. I have worked with individuals with a wide range of concerns, including anxiety disorders, trauma, depression, relationship struggles, adjusting to life changes, grief & loss, personal development, self-esteem, and social skills development.
(571) 604-5293 View (571) 604-5293
Photo of Art Kleinschmidt, PhD, MBA, LADC, LAC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Art Kleinschmidt
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, MBA, LADC, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, VA 22203  (Online Only)
Life is challenging, but people find true joy and happiness by overcoming obstacles. All people come to life with a unique set of skills, talents, strengths, and attributes, and that the therapeutic process is a journey of self-discovery and connection. Helping people rediscover who they are and what they are capable of is my passion. Together, we can make a healthier happier you.
Life is challenging, but people find true joy and happiness by overcoming obstacles. All people come to life with a unique set of skills, talents, strengths, and attributes, and that the therapeutic process is a journey of self-discovery and connection. Helping people rediscover who they are and what they are capable of is my passion. Together, we can make a healthier happier you.
(571) 601-3678 View (571) 601-3678
Photo of Dr. Shondolyn Sanders, PhD, Psychologist
Dr. Shondolyn Sanders
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Arlington, VA 22201  (Online Only)
Have you been considering seeking help from a mental health professional? Or maybe you’ve decided to give therapy another try. The foundation of an effective therapeutic relationship begins with finding a therapist with whom you have a good fit and connection. I will meet you with compassion and empathy, while also guiding you towards self-exploration and increased awareness. I believe that we navigate life and view the world through a lens influenced by our society and culture. I will support you in your process of becoming more of the person you want to be and help you commit to actions that align with your desired goals.
Have you been considering seeking help from a mental health professional? Or maybe you’ve decided to give therapy another try. The foundation of an effective therapeutic relationship begins with finding a therapist with whom you have a good fit and connection. I will meet you with compassion and empathy, while also guiding you towards self-exploration and increased awareness. I believe that we navigate life and view the world through a lens influenced by our society and culture. I will support you in your process of becoming more of the person you want to be and help you commit to actions that align with your desired goals.
(844) 775-0048 x7 View (844) 775-0048 x7
Photo of Brandy Engler - Silver Lake Psychology--Virginia location, PsyD, Psychologist
Silver Lake Psychology--Virginia location
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Arlington, VA 22201
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
(703) 468-1530 x90029 View (703) 468-1530 x90029
Photo of Cynthia Sherman - Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Arlington, VA 22201
We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals. Because we believe you're best served by a therapist who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to helping therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. Working with us, you'll get results.
We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals. Because we believe you're best served by a therapist who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to helping therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. Working with us, you'll get results.
(571) 701-2032 View (571) 701-2032
Photo of Allison Swartz, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Allison Swartz
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, VA 22209
Do you feel overwhelmed by anxiety or obsessive thoughts, or are battling an eating disorder? Are you looking for a compassionate and effective approach to help you navigate these challenges? I understand how difficult it can be to manage these issues, and I am here to help you find a path forward. I have a passion for working with children, adolescents, and adults facing a variety of mental health challenges. My clinical interests include anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and eating disorders, as well as issues related to chronic stress, life transitions, perfectionism, self-esteem, and negative body image.
Do you feel overwhelmed by anxiety or obsessive thoughts, or are battling an eating disorder? Are you looking for a compassionate and effective approach to help you navigate these challenges? I understand how difficult it can be to manage these issues, and I am here to help you find a path forward. I have a passion for working with children, adolescents, and adults facing a variety of mental health challenges. My clinical interests include anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and eating disorders, as well as issues related to chronic stress, life transitions, perfectionism, self-esteem, and negative body image.
(571) 568-8430 View (571) 568-8430
Photo of Savannah Lokey, PhD, LCP, Psychologist
Savannah Lokey
Psychologist, PhD, LCP
Verified Verified
Arlington, VA 22201
Healing rarely occurs in isolation. As your therapist, I aim to empower you with the tools and knowledge to move through obstacles while staying connected to your personal identity and values. I am a trauma-informed, sex-positive therapist who works with adults and couples. In individual therapy, we will create goals and a plan to help you move towards the life you want to live. In couples' therapy, we will work together to identify your relationship strengths and practice skills to improve communication, de-escalate conflict, and enhance trust and intimacy.
Healing rarely occurs in isolation. As your therapist, I aim to empower you with the tools and knowledge to move through obstacles while staying connected to your personal identity and values. I am a trauma-informed, sex-positive therapist who works with adults and couples. In individual therapy, we will create goals and a plan to help you move towards the life you want to live. In couples' therapy, we will work together to identify your relationship strengths and practice skills to improve communication, de-escalate conflict, and enhance trust and intimacy.
(571) 688-5136 View (571) 688-5136
Photo of Zack Goldman, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Zack Goldman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
24 Endorsed
Arlington, VA 22203  (Online Only)
Life is a journey filled with twists, turns, and unexpected challenges. The hurdles that we face on this journey make it common to feel lost, overwhelmed, or confused, but the commonality of these feelings does not make them any less intense. I understand the profound impact that life's challenges can have, and I have had the privilege of helping numerous people through some of their most difficult times.
Life is a journey filled with twists, turns, and unexpected challenges. The hurdles that we face on this journey make it common to feel lost, overwhelmed, or confused, but the commonality of these feelings does not make them any less intense. I understand the profound impact that life's challenges can have, and I have had the privilege of helping numerous people through some of their most difficult times.
(703) 520-6446 View (703) 520-6446
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Arlington, VA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Arlington, VA who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
90% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

66% BlueCross and BlueShield
63% Aetna
61% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Arlington, VA see their clients

53% In Person and Online
47% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Arlington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.