Therapists in Naperville, IL

Photo of Sandra Coyner, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sandra Coyner
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Naperville, IL 60563
I'm passionate about supporting individuals on their journey towards healing and self-discovery. I primarily work with adults ages 18 and above and enjoy specializing in OCD, anxiety, depression, and trauma. My clinical experience extends beyond a MA in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Southern New Hampshire University to include life lessons on the yoga mat, energy healing, and holding space for difficult conversations. My therapeutic approach is rooted in evidence-based practices including CBT, ERP, PE, and DBT. My individual approach is grounded in empathy and non-judgment.
I'm passionate about supporting individuals on their journey towards healing and self-discovery. I primarily work with adults ages 18 and above and enjoy specializing in OCD, anxiety, depression, and trauma. My clinical experience extends beyond a MA in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Southern New Hampshire University to include life lessons on the yoga mat, energy healing, and holding space for difficult conversations. My therapeutic approach is rooted in evidence-based practices including CBT, ERP, PE, and DBT. My individual approach is grounded in empathy and non-judgment.
(331) 253-4649 View (331) 253-4649
Photo of Tim Paquette, PhD, LCP, Psychologist
Tim Paquette
Psychologist, PhD, LCP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Naperville, IL 60563
“Learn from yesterday, live for today, hope for tomorrow.” It may surprise you that this is a quote from Albert Einstein, but it perfectly captures the therapy process. My name is Tim Paquette, and I am a licensed clinical psychologist with more than 20 years of experience providing counseling support to people who take the brave step to address their mental health concerns. That starts with the working relationship I create that focuses on each person’s unique concerns, experiences, perspectives, and identities. With a safe, supportive, and trusting foundation in place, we will work together to meet your specific goals in therapy.
“Learn from yesterday, live for today, hope for tomorrow.” It may surprise you that this is a quote from Albert Einstein, but it perfectly captures the therapy process. My name is Tim Paquette, and I am a licensed clinical psychologist with more than 20 years of experience providing counseling support to people who take the brave step to address their mental health concerns. That starts with the working relationship I create that focuses on each person’s unique concerns, experiences, perspectives, and identities. With a safe, supportive, and trusting foundation in place, we will work together to meet your specific goals in therapy.
(331) 202-1444 View (331) 202-1444
Photo of Eva Reynoso, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Eva Reynoso
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Naperville, IL 60540  (Online Only)
Do you feel like you need someone to process your thoughts with and want to improve your quality of life but don't know where to start? Navigating the mental health system can be a confusing and difficult process. I would like to make that process less daunting and assist you in getting the help that you need. I strive to provide a safe and supportive space for us to process the difficulties you have or are currently experiencing. We can then explore and enhance the personal strengths that will allow you to reduce your current stress level and feel more grounded.
Do you feel like you need someone to process your thoughts with and want to improve your quality of life but don't know where to start? Navigating the mental health system can be a confusing and difficult process. I would like to make that process less daunting and assist you in getting the help that you need. I strive to provide a safe and supportive space for us to process the difficulties you have or are currently experiencing. We can then explore and enhance the personal strengths that will allow you to reduce your current stress level and feel more grounded.
(630) 626-8549 View (630) 626-8549
Photo of Andrew Beatty, PsyD, Psychologist
Andrew Beatty
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Naperville, IL 60563
Dr. Andrew Beatty has over a decade of experience assisting adults and adolescents with life, work, and health-related issues. He specializes in the field of health psychology with an emphasis on the management of chronic pain and illness. Dr. Beatty believes that “feeling sick” provides an ideal opportunity for individuals to recognize that there is something more going on. Therapy can help discover underlying behavioral health concerns that may be manifesting through physical symptoms or pain. However, Dr. Beatty encourages individuals to be proactive with their behavioral health before physical manifestations develop.
Dr. Andrew Beatty has over a decade of experience assisting adults and adolescents with life, work, and health-related issues. He specializes in the field of health psychology with an emphasis on the management of chronic pain and illness. Dr. Beatty believes that “feeling sick” provides an ideal opportunity for individuals to recognize that there is something more going on. Therapy can help discover underlying behavioral health concerns that may be manifesting through physical symptoms or pain. However, Dr. Beatty encourages individuals to be proactive with their behavioral health before physical manifestations develop.
(331) 701-2723 View (331) 701-2723
Photo of Brad Burklow, LCPC, Counselor
Brad Burklow
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Naperville, IL 60563  (Online Only)
Brad specializes in couples/marriage therapy, young adults in transition, parenting issues, adult ADHD, addictions, and trauma. He is certified in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
Brad specializes in couples/marriage therapy, young adults in transition, parenting issues, adult ADHD, addictions, and trauma. He is certified in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
(618) 425-4839 View (618) 425-4839
Photo of Stacy Colgan, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stacy Colgan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Naperville, IL 60564
Waitlist for new clients
Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or just plain stuck? Are your normal go-to strategies not cutting it? Utilizing research-based therapy, we can work together to identify new patterns of thinking and coping strategies that you can bring into your everyday life.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or just plain stuck? Are your normal go-to strategies not cutting it? Utilizing research-based therapy, we can work together to identify new patterns of thinking and coping strategies that you can bring into your everyday life.
(630) 593-7336 View (630) 593-7336
Photo of Mollie E Holman - Mollie Holman Counseling, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mollie Holman Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Naperville, IL 60563
"No problem can be solved by the same level of consciousness that created it."-Albert Einstein. Are you feeling chronically unhappy, angry, fearful, or stuck? Do you have conflicted relationships with friends/family? Come in and talk to someone in a confidential and compassionate environment who can assist you in seeing things differently. I have over 10 years of experience working with individuals and families providing psychotherapy. As a seasoned clinician, I have learned to creatively blend my listening skills with a variety of evidence-based approaches tailored to fit the needs of my clients for optimal growth.
"No problem can be solved by the same level of consciousness that created it."-Albert Einstein. Are you feeling chronically unhappy, angry, fearful, or stuck? Do you have conflicted relationships with friends/family? Come in and talk to someone in a confidential and compassionate environment who can assist you in seeing things differently. I have over 10 years of experience working with individuals and families providing psychotherapy. As a seasoned clinician, I have learned to creatively blend my listening skills with a variety of evidence-based approaches tailored to fit the needs of my clients for optimal growth.
(331) 208-5387 View (331) 208-5387
Photo of Samantha Nolan, LCPC, ATR-BC, Counselor
Samantha Nolan
Counselor, LCPC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Naperville, IL 60563
I'm currently accepting new clients! I work with individuals ages 14 and older, and often help those with anxiety, depression, grief, ADHD, PTSD, and life transitions. If you're seeking relief from feelings of overwhelm, struggling to manage stress, and need assistance with understanding and coping with your symptoms, I'd love to help you find solutions that work. I'm passionate about my clients seeing progress and results, and making meaningful changes in their lives. In addition to talk therapy, I offer art therapy sessions for those looking for a creative outlet for processing, or for another approach to therapy.
I'm currently accepting new clients! I work with individuals ages 14 and older, and often help those with anxiety, depression, grief, ADHD, PTSD, and life transitions. If you're seeking relief from feelings of overwhelm, struggling to manage stress, and need assistance with understanding and coping with your symptoms, I'd love to help you find solutions that work. I'm passionate about my clients seeing progress and results, and making meaningful changes in their lives. In addition to talk therapy, I offer art therapy sessions for those looking for a creative outlet for processing, or for another approach to therapy.
(331) 246-1063 x920 View (331) 246-1063 x920
Photo of Justin Wolfe, LCPC, CADC, CRC, Counselor
Justin Wolfe
Counselor, LCPC, CADC, CRC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Naperville, IL 60540
Justin engages clients with a warm, empathic, non-judgmental yet direct style and uses a down-to-earth approach. Justin utilizes Acceptance and Commitment Therapy(ACT)Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) ,Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) , a Client-Centered Approach and Motivational Interviewing techniques to help his clients move forward in their lives. Justin specializes in working with individuals who find themselves struggling with: depression, anxiety, addiction, family conflict, and acting out/impulsive behaviors. Justin works with clients of all ages but has a great deal of experience working with adolescents and families .
Justin engages clients with a warm, empathic, non-judgmental yet direct style and uses a down-to-earth approach. Justin utilizes Acceptance and Commitment Therapy(ACT)Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) ,Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) , a Client-Centered Approach and Motivational Interviewing techniques to help his clients move forward in their lives. Justin specializes in working with individuals who find themselves struggling with: depression, anxiety, addiction, family conflict, and acting out/impulsive behaviors. Justin works with clients of all ages but has a great deal of experience working with adolescents and families .
(630) 473-3177 View (630) 473-3177
Photo of Barbara Evans - Dr. Barbara Evans, EdD, LCPC, EdD, LCPC, CRC, Counselor
Dr. Barbara Evans, EdD, LCPC
Counselor, EdD, LCPC, CRC
Verified Verified
Naperville, IL 60563
Who Are You? Have you been living your life as if everyone's opinion of you matters more than your own? Are you influenced or pressured to "go along to get along" by others who use bully-like tactics and manipulations to get their own way? Or do you wear so many masks for other people that one day you find that you have lost your own identity? The time for living your life for others is over! With nurturance & support free from judgment, I help women realize and tell their truths so that they can discover & embrace their true authentic selves.
Who Are You? Have you been living your life as if everyone's opinion of you matters more than your own? Are you influenced or pressured to "go along to get along" by others who use bully-like tactics and manipulations to get their own way? Or do you wear so many masks for other people that one day you find that you have lost your own identity? The time for living your life for others is over! With nurturance & support free from judgment, I help women realize and tell their truths so that they can discover & embrace their true authentic selves.
(630) 280-3075 View (630) 280-3075
Photo of Mark McIntyre, LCPC
Mark McIntyre
LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Naperville, IL 60563
As a therapist, I work to foster a sense of acceptance and honest self-awareness, while also offering clients support and professional expertise to surmount the obstacles their struggles have thrown in their path. With over 15 years experience, I feel equipped to work with a wide array of issues. My experience includes treating behavioral problems, ADD, and sexual addictions, as well as working with adults, children and adolescents, couples, and families. I integrate spiritual-based counseling and psychotherapy.
As a therapist, I work to foster a sense of acceptance and honest self-awareness, while also offering clients support and professional expertise to surmount the obstacles their struggles have thrown in their path. With over 15 years experience, I feel equipped to work with a wide array of issues. My experience includes treating behavioral problems, ADD, and sexual addictions, as well as working with adults, children and adolescents, couples, and families. I integrate spiritual-based counseling and psychotherapy.
(630) 448-8681 View (630) 448-8681
Photo of Haley Richards, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Haley Richards
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Naperville, IL 60563
Life is constantly changing around us, and sometimes, those changes can be challenging. Dealing with struggles in life can be stressful, but Haley is here to help. Haley believes that clients are the experts of their own lives, and brings an understanding, supportive, and nonjudgmental approach to therapy. Clients who work with Haley are able to make positive changes in their own lives, and work towards accepting change that is happening around them.
Life is constantly changing around us, and sometimes, those changes can be challenging. Dealing with struggles in life can be stressful, but Haley is here to help. Haley believes that clients are the experts of their own lives, and brings an understanding, supportive, and nonjudgmental approach to therapy. Clients who work with Haley are able to make positive changes in their own lives, and work towards accepting change that is happening around them.
(331) 260-9762 View (331) 260-9762
Photo of Elizabeth House, MS, MAT, MEL, LCPC, CADC, Counselor
Elizabeth House
Counselor, MS, MAT, MEL, LCPC, CADC
Verified Verified
Naperville, IL 60563  (Online Only)
Every person is unique and deserves an individualized approach to help them live meaningful and purposeful lives. This will result in emotional wellbeing and happiness that may be missing. In my office, you will be met with a non-judgemental, honest, and safe space to be yourself. I have been working with individuals and groups for years.  While working as an educator for 14 years, I advocated for diverse (international) populations, assisted with IEP/504s, completed assessments, and coached parents.  I am a member of IMHCA, ICA and the ACA.
Every person is unique and deserves an individualized approach to help them live meaningful and purposeful lives. This will result in emotional wellbeing and happiness that may be missing. In my office, you will be met with a non-judgemental, honest, and safe space to be yourself. I have been working with individuals and groups for years.  While working as an educator for 14 years, I advocated for diverse (international) populations, assisted with IEP/504s, completed assessments, and coached parents.  I am a member of IMHCA, ICA and the ACA.
(630) 394-8712 View (630) 394-8712
Photo of Darcy R Wexelbaum, LCPC, LPC, Counselor
Darcy R Wexelbaum
Counselor, LCPC, LPC
Verified Verified
Naperville, IL 60564
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor with over 23 years of experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and families. My clinical experiences afforded me the opportunities to help individuals with Adjustment, Anxiety, Depressive, Disruptive Behavior, Impulse Control, Inattention and Hyperactivity, Mood, Personality, and Post-Traumatic Stress disorders, as well those struggling with death and dying, divorce/separation, family conflict, grief and loss, identity, parenting challenges, self-esteem and various stage of life transitions.
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor with over 23 years of experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and families. My clinical experiences afforded me the opportunities to help individuals with Adjustment, Anxiety, Depressive, Disruptive Behavior, Impulse Control, Inattention and Hyperactivity, Mood, Personality, and Post-Traumatic Stress disorders, as well those struggling with death and dying, divorce/separation, family conflict, grief and loss, identity, parenting challenges, self-esteem and various stage of life transitions.
(630) 426-6724 View (630) 426-6724
Photo of Keith Levasseur, LCPC, Counselor
Keith Levasseur
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Naperville, IL 60563
I have worked as a counselor for over 20 years. I see people of all ages from 4 years old to 60 years of age. Much of my practice focuses on treating issues of trauma and anxiety. I enjoy seeing the transformation in many of my clients when I treat their trauma issues with EMDR. I also specialize in working with children and families. I treat many types of childhood issues, including behavior problems, depression, ADHD, and abuse issues.
I have worked as a counselor for over 20 years. I see people of all ages from 4 years old to 60 years of age. Much of my practice focuses on treating issues of trauma and anxiety. I enjoy seeing the transformation in many of my clients when I treat their trauma issues with EMDR. I also specialize in working with children and families. I treat many types of childhood issues, including behavior problems, depression, ADHD, and abuse issues.
(630) 765-3801 x304 View (630) 765-3801 x304
Photo of Michele McDonough, LCPC, Counselor
Michele McDonough
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Naperville, IL 60563
I believe that through self-acceptance change is possible. I work with individuals to discover resilience and perseverance by working through barriers and building strength in their self-awareness along the way. I work with adults 18 and older struggling to manage life transitions, anxiety, depression, navigate difficult relationships and/or family dynamics, improve self-worth, and with those who may be struggling to cope with experiences related to trauma. I incorporate mindfulness with REBT, CBT, Behavioral, ACT, and Solution-focused techniques.
I believe that through self-acceptance change is possible. I work with individuals to discover resilience and perseverance by working through barriers and building strength in their self-awareness along the way. I work with adults 18 and older struggling to manage life transitions, anxiety, depression, navigate difficult relationships and/or family dynamics, improve self-worth, and with those who may be struggling to cope with experiences related to trauma. I incorporate mindfulness with REBT, CBT, Behavioral, ACT, and Solution-focused techniques.
(331) 233-1597 View (331) 233-1597
Photo of Sheila Hynes, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sheila Hynes
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Naperville, IL 60564
In my practice, I work with couples, individuals, and families. This scientifically proven approach, based in Attachment Theory, helps people understand and improve their emotional connection with themselves and others. Couples learn how to reconnect through listening, validation, and empathy. The EFT process enables couples, families, and individuals to create secure attachment bonds, leading to improvements in depression and anxiety. I also offer faith-based counseling based on my client's preferences.
In my practice, I work with couples, individuals, and families. This scientifically proven approach, based in Attachment Theory, helps people understand and improve their emotional connection with themselves and others. Couples learn how to reconnect through listening, validation, and empathy. The EFT process enables couples, families, and individuals to create secure attachment bonds, leading to improvements in depression and anxiety. I also offer faith-based counseling based on my client's preferences.
(331) 701-2676 View (331) 701-2676
Photo of Lauren Rice - Bluebird Counseling Services, MSW, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Bluebird Counseling Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Naperville, IL 60565  (Online Only)
Hi ! I'm Lauren Rice, a dedicated social worker with a passion for helping others navigate life's challenges. My journey in this field began with a Bachelor's degree in Family Social Services from Northern Illinois University, followed by a Master's in Social Work from the University of Chicago in 2023. My professional experience includes specializing in domestic violence counseling and crisis intervention, where I employ various therapeutic techniques such as CBT, DBT, and mindfulness. I'm committed to staying up-to-date with new therapy methods to better serve my clients, always placing their needs at the forefront of my practice.
Hi ! I'm Lauren Rice, a dedicated social worker with a passion for helping others navigate life's challenges. My journey in this field began with a Bachelor's degree in Family Social Services from Northern Illinois University, followed by a Master's in Social Work from the University of Chicago in 2023. My professional experience includes specializing in domestic violence counseling and crisis intervention, where I employ various therapeutic techniques such as CBT, DBT, and mindfulness. I'm committed to staying up-to-date with new therapy methods to better serve my clients, always placing their needs at the forefront of my practice.
(630) 448-8815 View (630) 448-8815
Photo of Brooke Wine, MA, LCPC, LASOP, Counselor
Brooke Wine
Counselor, MA, LCPC, LASOP
Verified Verified
Naperville, IL 60540
Hi there! I am a forensic psychotherapist in practice with Naperville Counseling Center. I aim to provide support and encouragement as individuals work on their mental health. Building a strong rapport is essential to build trust and I love developing a healthy connection with each client. I enjoy integrating humor into therapy to break up some of the heaviness emotional processing can be. Coming from a forensic background, I have experience working with intense areas of need, support, and planning. I also have a passion for assisting clients in building and/or re-building their relationships with sexual health and sexual identity.
Hi there! I am a forensic psychotherapist in practice with Naperville Counseling Center. I aim to provide support and encouragement as individuals work on their mental health. Building a strong rapport is essential to build trust and I love developing a healthy connection with each client. I enjoy integrating humor into therapy to break up some of the heaviness emotional processing can be. Coming from a forensic background, I have experience working with intense areas of need, support, and planning. I also have a passion for assisting clients in building and/or re-building their relationships with sexual health and sexual identity.
(630) 333-4105 x104 View (630) 333-4105 x104
Photo of Stacy Ramirez - Inner Courage Counseling Masters Level Interns
Inner Courage Counseling Masters Level Interns
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Naperville, IL 60563
We know that life is not always easy. Sometimes, even the strongest people among us need guidance working through some of life's more challenging problems. Everyone has battles to fight and hurdles to overcome. Whether you struggle with anxiety, self-esteem, relationships, or any other issue, you should know that there is hope for a better tomorrow. Reach out today so we can get you paired up with one of our amazing providers.
We know that life is not always easy. Sometimes, even the strongest people among us need guidance working through some of life's more challenging problems. Everyone has battles to fight and hurdles to overcome. Whether you struggle with anxiety, self-esteem, relationships, or any other issue, you should know that there is hope for a better tomorrow. Reach out today so we can get you paired up with one of our amazing providers.
(331) 236-0522 View (331) 236-0522
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Naperville, IL

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Naperville, IL who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
90% Depression
73% Relationship Issues
73% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills
64% Grief

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
74% Aetna
59% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Naperville, IL see their clients

72% In Person and Online
28% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Naperville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.