Therapists in Tulare, CA

Photo of Shelly Staal, MSW, ASW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Shelly Staal
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, ASW
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274
I walk alongside families as they navigate unique seasons in their journey together. I utilize a variety of approaches to address issues with parenting, family conflict, and family court involvement, as well as addressing individual mental health struggles and the impact on the family system. My clinical specialties include working with those experiencing depression, anxiety, issues of faith, domestic and childhood abuse, divorce and separation, women's issues, and pregnancy and postpartum.
I walk alongside families as they navigate unique seasons in their journey together. I utilize a variety of approaches to address issues with parenting, family conflict, and family court involvement, as well as addressing individual mental health struggles and the impact on the family system. My clinical specialties include working with those experiencing depression, anxiety, issues of faith, domestic and childhood abuse, divorce and separation, women's issues, and pregnancy and postpartum.
(559) 428-3980 View (559) 428-3980
Photo of Margaret Hunter, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Margaret Hunter
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, Registered Art Therapist and Certified Eating Disorder Creative Arts Therapist. I provide services to individuals, couples, families and groups in the Central Valley. As a LMFT I have worked with: at risk youth and their families, teens and families facing challenges associated with eating disorders, men and women exploring body image concerns, college students (at all ages and stages of life), couples, people of all ages dealing with anxiety, depression and other mental health concerns.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, Registered Art Therapist and Certified Eating Disorder Creative Arts Therapist. I provide services to individuals, couples, families and groups in the Central Valley. As a LMFT I have worked with: at risk youth and their families, teens and families facing challenges associated with eating disorders, men and women exploring body image concerns, college students (at all ages and stages of life), couples, people of all ages dealing with anxiety, depression and other mental health concerns.
(559) 344-8089 View (559) 344-8089
Photo of Maz Karandish, LCP, Psychologist
Maz Karandish
Psychologist, LCP
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274
Greetings, welcome to my profile! I'm a Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) and I've been seeing clients for nearly 10 years. My approach is flexible, client centered, and utilizes mindfulness-based interventions at every point of the journey towards healing. Together we can go on a journey of self-discovery and build up a solid skill set that helps you traverse through the challenges that come your way.
Greetings, welcome to my profile! I'm a Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) and I've been seeing clients for nearly 10 years. My approach is flexible, client centered, and utilizes mindfulness-based interventions at every point of the journey towards healing. Together we can go on a journey of self-discovery and build up a solid skill set that helps you traverse through the challenges that come your way.
(559) 399-1014 View (559) 399-1014
Photo of Jaimi Martin, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jaimi Martin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274
Hello, I'm Jaimi Martin LCWS, PH-C. I specialize in childhood trauma using EMDR, and postpartum depression and anxiety, using a feminist viewpoint. I work with individuals ages 12 and up, with a focus on life transitions. I support people in becoming their true selves. I've always worked in collaboration with others and found working as a therapist allowed that work to be more meaningful and deeper.
Hello, I'm Jaimi Martin LCWS, PH-C. I specialize in childhood trauma using EMDR, and postpartum depression and anxiety, using a feminist viewpoint. I work with individuals ages 12 and up, with a focus on life transitions. I support people in becoming their true selves. I've always worked in collaboration with others and found working as a therapist allowed that work to be more meaningful and deeper.
(559) 380-4131 View (559) 380-4131
Photo of Dr. Brandon Mason - Resilience Collective Psychology Group, PsyD, Psychologist
Resilience Collective Psychology Group
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274  (Online Only)
It's good to meet you. I'm Brandon Mason, a licensed psychologist, specializing in supporting individuals dealing with anxiety and depression. I am certified in exposure therapy for OCD and can help with trauma and addiction. I can also help with bipolar disorder and BPD.
It's good to meet you. I'm Brandon Mason, a licensed psychologist, specializing in supporting individuals dealing with anxiety and depression. I am certified in exposure therapy for OCD and can help with trauma and addiction. I can also help with bipolar disorder and BPD.
(559) 462-8504 View (559) 462-8504
Photo of Elizabeth Hebard, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Elizabeth Hebard
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274
Hi! I am Elizabeth Hebard, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist located in the San Francisco Bay Area and working with clients throughout the state of California via telehealth. Using a varied approach, I specialize in treating anxiety, stress, and life transition challenges with adolescents to adults. My approach to therapy varies based on my clients’ needs but my overall orientation is rooted in Family Systems and Narrative Therapy modalities. I believe my clients’ unique perspectives and relational context illustrate their experiences.
Hi! I am Elizabeth Hebard, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist located in the San Francisco Bay Area and working with clients throughout the state of California via telehealth. Using a varied approach, I specialize in treating anxiety, stress, and life transition challenges with adolescents to adults. My approach to therapy varies based on my clients’ needs but my overall orientation is rooted in Family Systems and Narrative Therapy modalities. I believe my clients’ unique perspectives and relational context illustrate their experiences.
(559) 254-4820 View (559) 254-4820
Photo of Sabrina Brown, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sabrina Brown
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274
Hello, my name is Sabrina Brown, Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I believe that the first step in any change is being able to recognize the issue. With my approach to therapy, we will work together to activate the change you want to see. I create a safe space for us to communicate by being mindful and aware of tone, body language, and openness. I was interested in therapy because I wanted to make an impact in people's lives. I like to allow my clients to use the autonomy of creating goals for themselves while encouraging and guiding the client.
Hello, my name is Sabrina Brown, Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I believe that the first step in any change is being able to recognize the issue. With my approach to therapy, we will work together to activate the change you want to see. I create a safe space for us to communicate by being mindful and aware of tone, body language, and openness. I was interested in therapy because I wanted to make an impact in people's lives. I like to allow my clients to use the autonomy of creating goals for themselves while encouraging and guiding the client.
(559) 245-6008 View (559) 245-6008
Michelle Bussey
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274
Often we look for quick fixes for life's challenges when actually they have been developing for many years - dealing with life challenges simply takes time for change. I work with a wide spectrum individuals from all types of backgrounds, histories, lifestyle orientations, faiths and severity of difficulties such as anger issues, depression, anxiety, stress management, and interpersonal trauma. Family issues include pre-marital and couple counseling, parenting issues, children, adolescents, peer relationships, grief and loss through death, adjustments due to divorce or separation, infertility and loss, domestic abuse, and life transitions.
Often we look for quick fixes for life's challenges when actually they have been developing for many years - dealing with life challenges simply takes time for change. I work with a wide spectrum individuals from all types of backgrounds, histories, lifestyle orientations, faiths and severity of difficulties such as anger issues, depression, anxiety, stress management, and interpersonal trauma. Family issues include pre-marital and couple counseling, parenting issues, children, adolescents, peer relationships, grief and loss through death, adjustments due to divorce or separation, infertility and loss, domestic abuse, and life transitions.
(559) 512-7300 View (559) 512-7300
Photo of Melinda G Siders, MA, LMFT, CFRC, BSP, Marriage & Family Therapist
Melinda G Siders
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CFRC, BSP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tulare, CA 93274
As an emergency responder, trauma is your life. You see horror after horror. Hypervigilance and "sucking it up" are your superpowers. You're proud of it. You came into law enforcement, fire, or the medical field feeling indestructible, but now life feels torn at the seams. You experience fitful nights of sleep, your emotions are all over the place, and you lack motivation. On top of that, friendships are not what they used to be, family is annoying, and your marriage seems to be falling apart. Lately, it’s been difficult to focus at work as a sense of fear has crept in. Everything important has lost meaning and you feel alone.
As an emergency responder, trauma is your life. You see horror after horror. Hypervigilance and "sucking it up" are your superpowers. You're proud of it. You came into law enforcement, fire, or the medical field feeling indestructible, but now life feels torn at the seams. You experience fitful nights of sleep, your emotions are all over the place, and you lack motivation. On top of that, friendships are not what they used to be, family is annoying, and your marriage seems to be falling apart. Lately, it’s been difficult to focus at work as a sense of fear has crept in. Everything important has lost meaning and you feel alone.
(559) 719-6633 View (559) 719-6633
Photo of Heidi Fey, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Heidi Fey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274  (Online Only)
Life can be fulfilling and beautiful; it can also be hard, overwhelming and stressful at times. It's common to feel an increase in sadness, anxiety and worry when life gets hard. You are not alone. I am here to help guide you in exploring solutions to get back on track with your personal goals so that you are able to thrive and live a life worth living.
Life can be fulfilling and beautiful; it can also be hard, overwhelming and stressful at times. It's common to feel an increase in sadness, anxiety and worry when life gets hard. You are not alone. I am here to help guide you in exploring solutions to get back on track with your personal goals so that you are able to thrive and live a life worth living.
(559) 540-8562 View (559) 540-8562
Photo of Kristopher McLucas, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kristopher McLucas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274
I have been a practicing therapist for over 13 years and I have worked with diverse groups of people to help them navigate the unique challenges that impact their personal and professional lives. In my practice, I use an eclectic treatment approach so I can be responsive to your needs and I will work collaboratively with you to identify the techniques that will be most effective for you. I look forward to working with you.
I have been a practicing therapist for over 13 years and I have worked with diverse groups of people to help them navigate the unique challenges that impact their personal and professional lives. In my practice, I use an eclectic treatment approach so I can be responsive to your needs and I will work collaboratively with you to identify the techniques that will be most effective for you. I look forward to working with you.
(559) 821-5957 View (559) 821-5957
Photo of Jennifer Green, LCPC, Counselor
Jennifer Green
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274
I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor who is passionate about supporting my clients during life's challenging moments. I typically work with parents and caregivers with children birth to five as well as with moms prenatal and postpartum. My background is working with children ages birth to ten. I also work with single mothers in divorce recovery and those who are in life transitions such as career changes, college decisions. My clients may also be experiencing grief and bereavement losing a loved one or a family pet.
I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor who is passionate about supporting my clients during life's challenging moments. I typically work with parents and caregivers with children birth to five as well as with moms prenatal and postpartum. My background is working with children ages birth to ten. I also work with single mothers in divorce recovery and those who are in life transitions such as career changes, college decisions. My clients may also be experiencing grief and bereavement losing a loved one or a family pet.
(559) 272-4742 View (559) 272-4742
Photo of Denise Chmiel, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Denise Chmiel
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274
Hello, my name is Denise Chmiel. I am a Marriage & Family Therapist in the State of California. My work with clients is client-centered, solution-focused, and trauma-informed. I approach my clients respectfully, warmly, and with a sincere desire to assist them with gaining insight, achieving their therapeutic goals, and feeling better. I am comfortable working with adults, older adults, and adolescents who are experiencing depression, anxiety, relationship conflict, sadness, and loneliness or who are stuck in situations that feel hopeless.
Hello, my name is Denise Chmiel. I am a Marriage & Family Therapist in the State of California. My work with clients is client-centered, solution-focused, and trauma-informed. I approach my clients respectfully, warmly, and with a sincere desire to assist them with gaining insight, achieving their therapeutic goals, and feeling better. I am comfortable working with adults, older adults, and adolescents who are experiencing depression, anxiety, relationship conflict, sadness, and loneliness or who are stuck in situations that feel hopeless.
(559) 550-6946 View (559) 550-6946
Photo of Kathryn Calcaterra, LCP, Psychologist
Kathryn Calcaterra
Psychologist, LCP
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274
My professional voyage has traversed healthcare, the realm of workers' compensation, and the corridors of education, all of which have endowed me with a rich tapestry of skills. I’m Kathryn Calcaterra, PhD, a clinical psychologist specializing in the art of healing. I focus on patients who grapple with the weight of chronic pain, dance with the shadows of anxiety and depression, and bear the scars of trauma. I typically treat adults and elders (65+), often who have a physical injury followed by an emotional sequela of chronic pain. I also treat patients struggling with anxiety and depression.
My professional voyage has traversed healthcare, the realm of workers' compensation, and the corridors of education, all of which have endowed me with a rich tapestry of skills. I’m Kathryn Calcaterra, PhD, a clinical psychologist specializing in the art of healing. I focus on patients who grapple with the weight of chronic pain, dance with the shadows of anxiety and depression, and bear the scars of trauma. I typically treat adults and elders (65+), often who have a physical injury followed by an emotional sequela of chronic pain. I also treat patients struggling with anxiety and depression.
(559) 719-6646 View (559) 719-6646
Photo of Imelda Alvarez, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Imelda Alvarez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274
Hello, my name is Imelda Alvarez. I am a licensed Marriage Family Therapist (LMFT), based in Riverside CA and working with clients statewide via telehealth. I work with adults, adolescents, couples, and families and specialize in depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, using Cognitive Behavioral therapy, Solution focused therapy, motivational interviewing among others. I have found that my style and approach is a good fit for women, couples and young adults who may be dealing with the challenges of life transitions and social pressures. This often takes the form of anxiety, depression, stress, and trauma.
Hello, my name is Imelda Alvarez. I am a licensed Marriage Family Therapist (LMFT), based in Riverside CA and working with clients statewide via telehealth. I work with adults, adolescents, couples, and families and specialize in depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, using Cognitive Behavioral therapy, Solution focused therapy, motivational interviewing among others. I have found that my style and approach is a good fit for women, couples and young adults who may be dealing with the challenges of life transitions and social pressures. This often takes the form of anxiety, depression, stress, and trauma.
(559) 377-7414 View (559) 377-7414
Photo of Kali (Meera) Tanikella, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kali (Meera) Tanikella
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274
Hi there, my name is Meera, although I go by Kali. I'm a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and use an integrative approach for issues with emotional regulation, depression, anxiety, trauma, attachment/relationship issues, and parenting struggles. I use an approach that combines Object Relations, Somatic, and Internal Family Systems. I am informed by the Yogic framework and incorporate elements of mindfulness in order to develop awareness and resolve emotional hurdles.
Hi there, my name is Meera, although I go by Kali. I'm a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and use an integrative approach for issues with emotional regulation, depression, anxiety, trauma, attachment/relationship issues, and parenting struggles. I use an approach that combines Object Relations, Somatic, and Internal Family Systems. I am informed by the Yogic framework and incorporate elements of mindfulness in order to develop awareness and resolve emotional hurdles.
(559) 648-8218 View (559) 648-8218
Photo of James Carr, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
James Carr
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274
I am Jim Carr, my style of therapy is eclectic, but mainly Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. My goal is to help to you to overcome struggles that have kept you from enjoying your life. I have been mainly working with men and men's issues, but also work with couples. I am fairly eclectic in my approach. I am trained in a variety of modalities, using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, as well as Trauma Focused CBT. I am also certified in DBT. I am supportive but also maintain firm boundaries. I want clients to know that they are accepted totally for who they are and accepting of their struggles.
I am Jim Carr, my style of therapy is eclectic, but mainly Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. My goal is to help to you to overcome struggles that have kept you from enjoying your life. I have been mainly working with men and men's issues, but also work with couples. I am fairly eclectic in my approach. I am trained in a variety of modalities, using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, as well as Trauma Focused CBT. I am also certified in DBT. I am supportive but also maintain firm boundaries. I want clients to know that they are accepted totally for who they are and accepting of their struggles.
(559) 702-5140 View (559) 702-5140
Photo of Erika Morales, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erika Morales
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93274
Therapy can be highly transformative when combined with intention and intuition. I'm a Chicanx Licensed Clinical Social Worker in California, born and raised in Los Angeles. I work with BIPOC-identified individuals open to learning new ways of healing and growing. Each client brings unique lived experiences and I do my best to provide a safe and open space in order for the client and therapist to be vulnerable during sessions.
Therapy can be highly transformative when combined with intention and intuition. I'm a Chicanx Licensed Clinical Social Worker in California, born and raised in Los Angeles. I work with BIPOC-identified individuals open to learning new ways of healing and growing. Each client brings unique lived experiences and I do my best to provide a safe and open space in order for the client and therapist to be vulnerable during sessions.
(559) 379-5643 View (559) 379-5643
Photo of Sintia Criztina Cabrera, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sintia Criztina Cabrera
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tulare, CA 93275  (Online Only)
I acknowledge that therapy is a big step that requires a lot of courage. I want to create a safe and supportive environment for my clients to explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. My approach is collaborative and tailored to my client's specific needs. I use a variety of modalities (such as CBT, mindfulness, etc.). My goal is to help you heal and live authentically. I am trauma informed and trauma sensitive. I acknowledge that trauma comes from a variety of experiences including intergenerational trauma, systemic oppression, inequity, ableism, racism, forced migration, colorism, etc.
I acknowledge that therapy is a big step that requires a lot of courage. I want to create a safe and supportive environment for my clients to explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. My approach is collaborative and tailored to my client's specific needs. I use a variety of modalities (such as CBT, mindfulness, etc.). My goal is to help you heal and live authentically. I am trauma informed and trauma sensitive. I acknowledge that trauma comes from a variety of experiences including intergenerational trauma, systemic oppression, inequity, ableism, racism, forced migration, colorism, etc.
(559) 206-3865 View (559) 206-3865
Photo of Christina M Thomas, MA, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Christina M Thomas
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Tulare, CA 93274
Children's Therapist, Now accepting New Clients! Looking for a therapist to help with your child or teen? I specialize in working with youth who struggle from various mental health issues such as depression, suicidal idealization, anxiety, trauma, Mood disorder, life stressors, ADHD, Autism, behavioral concerns and many more. I have knowledge in the school systems and what services can assist your child to feel successful in the school setting. I offer parenting support and additional assessment for a more in depth view of your child's needs. We will create a personal treatment plan focused on the goals your child needs.
Children's Therapist, Now accepting New Clients! Looking for a therapist to help with your child or teen? I specialize in working with youth who struggle from various mental health issues such as depression, suicidal idealization, anxiety, trauma, Mood disorder, life stressors, ADHD, Autism, behavioral concerns and many more. I have knowledge in the school systems and what services can assist your child to feel successful in the school setting. I offer parenting support and additional assessment for a more in depth view of your child's needs. We will create a personal treatment plan focused on the goals your child needs.
(559) 413-0640 View (559) 413-0640
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tulare, CA

100+

Average cost per session

$132

Therapists in Tulare, CA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
92% Depression
75% Coping Skills
69% Relationship Issues
69% Stress
66% Grief
65% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
79% Cigna and Evernorth
76% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Tulare, CA see their clients

86% In Person and Online
14% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
23% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tulare?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.