Depression Therapists in Greenville, SC

Photo of Shannon Paradise, LISW-CP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Shannon Paradise
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-CP
Verified Verified
Greenville, SC 29607
Many of my client are struggling with depression and anxiety from current life transitions or histories of trauma.
We all have times in our lives where we feel overwhelmed, depressed, anxious, inadequate or hopeless. You don't have to be alone with those thoughts and feelings. Whether you are struggling with a specific life transition, serious mental illness, or trying to cope with a history of traumatic events, therapy can help you feel better and live the meaningful life you want.
Many of my client are struggling with depression and anxiety from current life transitions or histories of trauma.
We all have times in our lives where we feel overwhelmed, depressed, anxious, inadequate or hopeless. You don't have to be alone with those thoughts and feelings. Whether you are struggling with a specific life transition, serious mental illness, or trying to cope with a history of traumatic events, therapy can help you feel better and live the meaningful life you want.
(864) 319-3424 View (864) 319-3424
Photo of Monika Pursell, LCMHC, LCAS-A
Monika Pursell
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC, LCAS-A
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Greenville, SC 29601  (Online Only)
Monika received her undergraduate degree in Painting and Drawing from The Ohio State University. She worked as an artist and an educator before earning her master's degree in Counseling Psychology from Naropa University. Her experience includes working with complex trauma, addiction, anxiety, depression, mood disorders and issues related to low self-esteem and shame.
Monika received her undergraduate degree in Painting and Drawing from The Ohio State University. She worked as an artist and an educator before earning her master's degree in Counseling Psychology from Naropa University. Her experience includes working with complex trauma, addiction, anxiety, depression, mood disorders and issues related to low self-esteem and shame.
(864) 732-4892 View (864) 732-4892
Photo of Angel Carswell, LISW-CP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Angel Carswell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-CP
Verified Verified
Greenville, SC 29607  (Online Only)
I can help you overcome your crippling anxiety, define the chaotic emotions you are feeling, and take that first step out of bed when you are overwhelmed with depression.
Accepting New Clients! Dealing with life transitions such as starting college, changing jobs, or quitting a habit can feel miserable. It's hard to find someone who can help you through all the wild thoughts and emotions you are feeling. Sometimes family and friends have a hard time understanding why you think and feel the way you do. It's common to just need someone who will hear you without any judgement.
I can help you overcome your crippling anxiety, define the chaotic emotions you are feeling, and take that first step out of bed when you are overwhelmed with depression.
Accepting New Clients! Dealing with life transitions such as starting college, changing jobs, or quitting a habit can feel miserable. It's hard to find someone who can help you through all the wild thoughts and emotions you are feeling. Sometimes family and friends have a hard time understanding why you think and feel the way you do. It's common to just need someone who will hear you without any judgement.
(864) 531-8179 View (864) 531-8179
Photo of Christine Campbell Henrie - Chris Henrie Therapy, LLC, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Chris Henrie Therapy, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Greenville, SC 29615
I use my knowledge of psychotherapy and life experiences to assist my clients in becoming the best they can be. I take an eclectic approach to mental health assisting my clients in finding the best in themselves and enhancing their creative abilities to better understand their emotions and behaviors so each individual can take control of their life and lead the way to accomplish their goals and dreams. I work with adults, couples and families using a combination of approaches including EMDR, CBT, Existential and Client-Centered psychotherapies in order to alleviate the pain and suffering caused by depression, anxiety, PTSD, and other disorders.
I use my knowledge of psychotherapy and life experiences to assist my clients in becoming the best they can be. I take an eclectic approach to mental health assisting my clients in finding the best in themselves and enhancing their creative abilities to better understand their emotions and behaviors so each individual can take control of their life and lead the way to accomplish their goals and dreams. I work with adults, couples and families using a combination of approaches including EMDR, CBT, Existential and Client-Centered psychotherapies in order to alleviate the pain and suffering caused by depression, anxiety, PTSD, and other disorders.
(864) 626-5272 View (864) 626-5272
Photo of Rebekah Knauf, MA, LPC
Rebekah Knauf
MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Greenville, SC 29615
My approach to therapy is grounded in honesty, mutual respect, openness, and connection. I specialize in areas of religious abuse, sexual trauma, anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, LGBTQ+, adjustment issues, and overall life stresses. My goal is to allow my clients space for healing, processing, and growth through both EMDR and individual talk therapy. I love helping my clients realize they have more power and control in their lives than they know, take ownership, and gain the tools they need to begin making changes.
My approach to therapy is grounded in honesty, mutual respect, openness, and connection. I specialize in areas of religious abuse, sexual trauma, anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, LGBTQ+, adjustment issues, and overall life stresses. My goal is to allow my clients space for healing, processing, and growth through both EMDR and individual talk therapy. I love helping my clients realize they have more power and control in their lives than they know, take ownership, and gain the tools they need to begin making changes.
(864) 351-7432 View (864) 351-7432
Photo of Loren Watts, LPC, Counselor
Loren Watts
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Greenville, SC 29607
Loren specializes in trauma, depression, neurodivergent issues, and professional mothers work/life balance from a holistic perspective.
Wellspring of Hope is a place of refuge & empowerment. Every person encounters life experiences where outside support and perspectives are helpful to overcome the challenge & live in restorative peace. Loren recognizes every individual has unique needs and diverse strengths to build upon, where every person is welcome. Her clinical insight is based upon a collaborative relationship to help set and meet goals that meet your specific needs. She believes healing is holistic, meaning that the mental, emotional, physical, and spiritual intertwine. There is always support and encouragement, never judgment, when working towards healing.
Loren specializes in trauma, depression, neurodivergent issues, and professional mothers work/life balance from a holistic perspective.
Wellspring of Hope is a place of refuge & empowerment. Every person encounters life experiences where outside support and perspectives are helpful to overcome the challenge & live in restorative peace. Loren recognizes every individual has unique needs and diverse strengths to build upon, where every person is welcome. Her clinical insight is based upon a collaborative relationship to help set and meet goals that meet your specific needs. She believes healing is holistic, meaning that the mental, emotional, physical, and spiritual intertwine. There is always support and encouragement, never judgment, when working towards healing.
(864) 319-0780 View (864) 319-0780
Photo of Laurie Forrest, LISW-CP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Laurie Forrest
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-CP
Verified Verified
Greenville, SC 29607
Waitlist for new clients
Attachment theory, family systems, foster care/adoptions, trauma, anxiety/ depression, self esteem, identity and life transitions are a few of my favorite topics! I believe that your gut is the best indicator of whether or not we fit!.
I love my job. I look forward to working with each person who comes into my office. I begin our work by getting to know you, your story, your world; the things you want to change, improve or heal from help steer the journey. Exploring areas for growth and identifying strengths while building new skills is an ongoing process that I encourage. My goal is always to provide a safe space where you feel valued and heard so that you will be willing to step out of your comfort zone with me because this is where growth and healing can occur.
Attachment theory, family systems, foster care/adoptions, trauma, anxiety/ depression, self esteem, identity and life transitions are a few of my favorite topics! I believe that your gut is the best indicator of whether or not we fit!.
I love my job. I look forward to working with each person who comes into my office. I begin our work by getting to know you, your story, your world; the things you want to change, improve or heal from help steer the journey. Exploring areas for growth and identifying strengths while building new skills is an ongoing process that I encourage. My goal is always to provide a safe space where you feel valued and heard so that you will be willing to step out of your comfort zone with me because this is where growth and healing can occur.
(864) 400-7376 View (864) 400-7376
Photo of Joanne Armstrong, PhD, Psychologist
Joanne Armstrong
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Greenville, SC 29615
They often suffer with stress, insomnia, ADHD, depression, anxiety, anger, and low self-confidence.
After 25+ years working as a clinical psychologist, business owner, and mediator, I am even more enthusiastic and delighted to go about my work than when I first began. Helping people of all ages as they learn to make decisions, handle stress, control emotions, advance their careers, and acquire loving relationships is a privilege and is what I am called to do. I care about your outcome and seek to be a trusted professional advisor and resource to you, both immediately and whenever you need me in years to come. Together we can transform your relationships, health, and career to get you safely through the toughest times. CALL NOW!
They often suffer with stress, insomnia, ADHD, depression, anxiety, anger, and low self-confidence.
After 25+ years working as a clinical psychologist, business owner, and mediator, I am even more enthusiastic and delighted to go about my work than when I first began. Helping people of all ages as they learn to make decisions, handle stress, control emotions, advance their careers, and acquire loving relationships is a privilege and is what I am called to do. I care about your outcome and seek to be a trusted professional advisor and resource to you, both immediately and whenever you need me in years to come. Together we can transform your relationships, health, and career to get you safely through the toughest times. CALL NOW!
(864) 649-6106 View (864) 649-6106
Photo of Elaine H Hiott, LPCS, PhD, Licensed Professional Counselor
Elaine H Hiott
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCS, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Greenville, SC 29615
Waitlist for new clients
Anxiety, depression, transitions, problems in relationships, or simply struggling to get through the day can be a challenge, often leaving us feeling overwhelmed, lonely, sad, or afraid. While these feelings are uncomfortable, they are often normal responses to life events. Still, it can be a lot to manage alone. I'm glad you stopped by to visit my profile. Whether your issues are related to life events or serious mental illness, you deserve to feel better and find peace of mind.
Anxiety, depression, transitions, problems in relationships, or simply struggling to get through the day can be a challenge, often leaving us feeling overwhelmed, lonely, sad, or afraid. While these feelings are uncomfortable, they are often normal responses to life events. Still, it can be a lot to manage alone. I'm glad you stopped by to visit my profile. Whether your issues are related to life events or serious mental illness, you deserve to feel better and find peace of mind.
(864) 507-9132 View (864) 507-9132
Photo of Kimberly Lewis, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kimberly Lewis
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Greenville, SC 29615
Kimberly Lewis, LPC Kimberly Lewis is a Licensed Professional Counselor in South Carolina who has been practicing since 2015. She is currently on her Ph.D. at Walden University in Clinical Education and Supervision. She has a MA from Regent University in Clinical Mental Health Counseling and a BA in Human Services. Kimberly is an empathetic, genuine, and warm therapist offering unconditional positive regard to all of her clients. She has a variety of trauma certifications to treat PTSD, sexual trauma, acute stress, anxiety disorders, depression, panic disorders, and more.
Kimberly Lewis, LPC Kimberly Lewis is a Licensed Professional Counselor in South Carolina who has been practicing since 2015. She is currently on her Ph.D. at Walden University in Clinical Education and Supervision. She has a MA from Regent University in Clinical Mental Health Counseling and a BA in Human Services. Kimberly is an empathetic, genuine, and warm therapist offering unconditional positive regard to all of her clients. She has a variety of trauma certifications to treat PTSD, sexual trauma, acute stress, anxiety disorders, depression, panic disorders, and more.
(864) 400-0963 View (864) 400-0963
Photo of Aislyn M. Allen, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Aislyn M. Allen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Greenville, SC 29607
At one point, you were excited for the day. Even though your days had ups and downs, at least you were looking forward to the high points. Now, as much as you want to feel excited, it feels like most of the high points fall flat. Many of the things that you used to enjoy, or were just part of your daily routine, now feel like a task. You aren't lost, and you aren't sure if you're depressed, you just feel "meh". You want things to change, but you feel stuck.
At one point, you were excited for the day. Even though your days had ups and downs, at least you were looking forward to the high points. Now, as much as you want to feel excited, it feels like most of the high points fall flat. Many of the things that you used to enjoy, or were just part of your daily routine, now feel like a task. You aren't lost, and you aren't sure if you're depressed, you just feel "meh". You want things to change, but you feel stuck.
(864) 301-6103 View (864) 301-6103
Photo of Karren Peterson, MA, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Karren Peterson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Greenville, SC 29607
If there are parts of your life that aren’t working the way you might like…or aspects that feel out of balance…struggling with relationship issues, loss of Self, depression, trauma, anxiety, stress, confusion, or life transitions (career, death, divorce), great growth is possible…We are meant to live a life filled with passion and purpose...Develop a clear and comprehensive vision for your life that creates increased Happiness, Success, Life Meaning, Freedom, and Inspiration! I work with individuals, couples, and families in shifting the focus of habitual patterns to create true transformational change and Self-Actualization…
If there are parts of your life that aren’t working the way you might like…or aspects that feel out of balance…struggling with relationship issues, loss of Self, depression, trauma, anxiety, stress, confusion, or life transitions (career, death, divorce), great growth is possible…We are meant to live a life filled with passion and purpose...Develop a clear and comprehensive vision for your life that creates increased Happiness, Success, Life Meaning, Freedom, and Inspiration! I work with individuals, couples, and families in shifting the focus of habitual patterns to create true transformational change and Self-Actualization…
(864) 558-5111 View (864) 558-5111
Photo of Wendy Chaney, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Wendy Chaney
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Greenville, SC 29607  (Online Only)
I believe that you have what it takes to get thru life challenges and can benefit from someone who can offer you guidance and support to get thru those challenges. Whether it's for you, your family, or your relationship. I want you to know I will give you my best to offer my expertise. My goal is to provide you with knowledge for you or your relationship to reach a healthy place in your life. I want to help you find peace within you and within relationships. I can help with issues such as depression, anxiety, stress, abuse, trauma, ADHD, relationship problems, family issues, and mood issues.
I believe that you have what it takes to get thru life challenges and can benefit from someone who can offer you guidance and support to get thru those challenges. Whether it's for you, your family, or your relationship. I want you to know I will give you my best to offer my expertise. My goal is to provide you with knowledge for you or your relationship to reach a healthy place in your life. I want to help you find peace within you and within relationships. I can help with issues such as depression, anxiety, stress, abuse, trauma, ADHD, relationship problems, family issues, and mood issues.
(864) 301-8680 View (864) 301-8680
Photo of Kenneth P Smith - Kenneth P. Smith, M.Ed.; MRC; LPC, MEd, MRC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kenneth P. Smith, M.Ed.; MRC; LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, MRC, LPC
Verified Verified
Greenville, SC 29605
Developing a relationship with a qualified and caring therapist who provides a safe non-judgmental environment is essential if the client is to have a meaningful and successful counseling experience. This is always my objective with my clients. Utilizing research-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), I work with a wide range of clients and their issues. Specialized treatment areas include trauma-related disorders, depression and anxiety disorders, martial & relationship issues, grief and loss, and crisis intervention. I also provide adjustment and coping-skills counseling for tinnitus patients, using a CBT protocol.
Developing a relationship with a qualified and caring therapist who provides a safe non-judgmental environment is essential if the client is to have a meaningful and successful counseling experience. This is always my objective with my clients. Utilizing research-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), I work with a wide range of clients and their issues. Specialized treatment areas include trauma-related disorders, depression and anxiety disorders, martial & relationship issues, grief and loss, and crisis intervention. I also provide adjustment and coping-skills counseling for tinnitus patients, using a CBT protocol.
(864) 642-1893 View (864) 642-1893
Photo of Lori D Blackman, LISW-CP, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lori D Blackman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-CP, LCSW
Verified Verified
Greenville, SC 29607
I have many years experience working with adults and children suffering from depression, anxiety, OCD, anger issues, trauma, and abuse. I have also worked in the field of drug and alcohol addiction. After my graduate studies, my primary focus and training was working with children suffering from ADHD, ODD, depression, and anxiety. I used behavioral management coupled with parenting strategies to improve the overall parent/child relationship. I gained incredible knowledge and insight regarding chronic pain as well as grief and loss while working with the elderly population through home health care and hospice.
I have many years experience working with adults and children suffering from depression, anxiety, OCD, anger issues, trauma, and abuse. I have also worked in the field of drug and alcohol addiction. After my graduate studies, my primary focus and training was working with children suffering from ADHD, ODD, depression, and anxiety. I used behavioral management coupled with parenting strategies to improve the overall parent/child relationship. I gained incredible knowledge and insight regarding chronic pain as well as grief and loss while working with the elderly population through home health care and hospice.
(864) 263-2743 View (864) 263-2743
Photo of Brook Cain - Sisu Center For Resilience, LISW-CP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brook Cain - Sisu Center For Resilience
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-CP
Verified Verified
Greenville, SC 29601
I work with adults of all ages (and occasionally high school students) who are facing major transitions, difficult or traumatic experiences, anxiety, and depression.
I believe each person possesses the wisdom and resilience needed to be successful in therapy. My job is to help you connect the threads of your story in a way that shines light on what needs to change, and to suggest evidence-based steps to make those changes. I’ll ask good questions, listen fully and offer tangible ways to meet your goals.
I work with adults of all ages (and occasionally high school students) who are facing major transitions, difficult or traumatic experiences, anxiety, and depression.
I believe each person possesses the wisdom and resilience needed to be successful in therapy. My job is to help you connect the threads of your story in a way that shines light on what needs to change, and to suggest evidence-based steps to make those changes. I’ll ask good questions, listen fully and offer tangible ways to meet your goals.
(864) 362-3247 View (864) 362-3247
Photo of Ross Muller, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ross Muller
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Greenville, SC 29615
I specialize in helping adults develop the skills needed to cope with panic, social anxiety, obsessions and compulsions, trauma, depression, and ADHD. I use cognitive behavioral types of interventions, and encourage clients to explore meditative processes in learning to be more responsive and less reactive to stress.
I specialize in helping adults develop the skills needed to cope with panic, social anxiety, obsessions and compulsions, trauma, depression, and ADHD. I use cognitive behavioral types of interventions, and encourage clients to explore meditative processes in learning to be more responsive and less reactive to stress.
(864) 513-1576 View (864) 513-1576
Photo of Ari Livanos, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ari Livanos
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Greenville, SC 29601
I specialize in anxiety, depression, substance use, life transitions, and trauma, among other concerns.
Welcome! I understand that it can be uncomfortable to reach out to someone you don't know with the expectation of sharing your story. I strive to create a supportive, affirming, and nonjudgmental space in order to foster a safe environment for growth at your own pace. I use an interpersonal approach to work to understand "how did we get here?" and "how can you get to where you want to go?" I hold the belief that all individuals have the inner resources to move towards wholeness, and much of the therapeutic process is connecting to those resources.
I specialize in anxiety, depression, substance use, life transitions, and trauma, among other concerns.
Welcome! I understand that it can be uncomfortable to reach out to someone you don't know with the expectation of sharing your story. I strive to create a supportive, affirming, and nonjudgmental space in order to foster a safe environment for growth at your own pace. I use an interpersonal approach to work to understand "how did we get here?" and "how can you get to where you want to go?" I hold the belief that all individuals have the inner resources to move towards wholeness, and much of the therapeutic process is connecting to those resources.
(864) 271-3549 View (864) 271-3549
Photo of Dr. Andrea Bandfield, MD
Dr. Andrea Bandfield
MD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Greenville, SC 29607
Dr. Bandfield is a Psychiatrist AND Therapist accepting new clients at her Greenville office. For almost 20 years, her greatest joy has been helping her clients solve their Anxiety, Worry, OCD, and Panic. Visit drbandfield.com to learn more! In-person and welcoming, her practice is designed for the utmost in privacy and confidentiality. Dr. Bandfield's expertise in therapy has helped clients find relief from these symptoms: Anxiety— Worry — Panic —- OCD — Irrational Fears — Depression — Social Anxiety — Self Esteem —- Self Criticism — Sleep Issues.
Dr. Bandfield is a Psychiatrist AND Therapist accepting new clients at her Greenville office. For almost 20 years, her greatest joy has been helping her clients solve their Anxiety, Worry, OCD, and Panic. Visit drbandfield.com to learn more! In-person and welcoming, her practice is designed for the utmost in privacy and confidentiality. Dr. Bandfield's expertise in therapy has helped clients find relief from these symptoms: Anxiety— Worry — Panic —- OCD — Irrational Fears — Depression — Social Anxiety — Self Esteem —- Self Criticism — Sleep Issues.
(864) 971-3464 View (864) 971-3464
Photo of Brown Dunlap, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Brown Dunlap
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Greenville, SC 29601
Specialties include: marital difficulties, anxiety & depression, college students, adolescents, grief, trauma, life adjustment issues, stress management, addiction, and men’s issues.
Thanks for checking out my profile! I'd be happy to talk with you about how therapy might be helpful to you. To learn more about me, please read my bio found on the Greenville Counseling Associates website. www.greenvillecounseling.com/brown-dunlap
Specialties include: marital difficulties, anxiety & depression, college students, adolescents, grief, trauma, life adjustment issues, stress management, addiction, and men’s issues.
Thanks for checking out my profile! I'd be happy to talk with you about how therapy might be helpful to you. To learn more about me, please read my bio found on the Greenville Counseling Associates website. www.greenvillecounseling.com/brown-dunlap
(864) 756-8336 x709 View (864) 756-8336 x709
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Depression Therapists

What is the goal of therapy for depression?

Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognize and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.

What happens in therapy for depression?

Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.

What therapy types help with depression?

Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioral activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.

Can therapy for depression be done online?

Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.

How effective is therapy for depression?

Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.