Therapists in Plymouth, MA

Photo of Gwen Watchorn, LMHC, Counselor
Gwen Watchorn
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
Not accepting new clients
Finding someone you are comfortable talking to can be intimidating and stressful. My goal as a therapist is to create a safe and welcoming environment filled with mutual trust and respect. I designs therapeutic treatment based on the individual persons needs, some modalities include CBT, DBT, Person Centered, Solution Focused, and EMDR.
Finding someone you are comfortable talking to can be intimidating and stressful. My goal as a therapist is to create a safe and welcoming environment filled with mutual trust and respect. I designs therapeutic treatment based on the individual persons needs, some modalities include CBT, DBT, Person Centered, Solution Focused, and EMDR.
(339) 333-7999 View (339) 333-7999
Photo of Melanie Densmore, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melanie Densmore
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360
I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker with 15 years of experience in Private Practice. I provide a calm, safe and supportive space for my clients to open up and process their thoughts and feelings. I will support you on your journey as well as gently challenge your belief systems. My approach to therapy is client centered and strengths based, as well as combining Cognitive Behavioral, Mindfulness and Psychoeducation techniques. The world is everchanging and I will help you navigate your world.
I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker with 15 years of experience in Private Practice. I provide a calm, safe and supportive space for my clients to open up and process their thoughts and feelings. I will support you on your journey as well as gently challenge your belief systems. My approach to therapy is client centered and strengths based, as well as combining Cognitive Behavioral, Mindfulness and Psychoeducation techniques. The world is everchanging and I will help you navigate your world.
(339) 215-7932 View (339) 215-7932
Photo of Tracy Kasper, LMHC, Counselor
Tracy Kasper
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
Waitlist for new clients
I have been working as a psychotherapist for over 25 years. My goal is to help clients gain the insight and tools necessary to reach their fullest potential. The journey is different for each of us, so I use a variety of approaches in the therapeutic process. My hope is that through self exploration, clients will learn to develop healthier patterns of communication, maintain healthier boundaries, improve self care, and develop/utilize healthier coping skills. I'm in the office Tuesday through Thursday, with limited availability at this time. I do not currently have any late afternoon or evening openings.
I have been working as a psychotherapist for over 25 years. My goal is to help clients gain the insight and tools necessary to reach their fullest potential. The journey is different for each of us, so I use a variety of approaches in the therapeutic process. My hope is that through self exploration, clients will learn to develop healthier patterns of communication, maintain healthier boundaries, improve self care, and develop/utilize healthier coping skills. I'm in the office Tuesday through Thursday, with limited availability at this time. I do not currently have any late afternoon or evening openings.
(508) 315-6675 View (508) 315-6675
Photo of Melissa Goldbach, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melissa Goldbach
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
Not accepting new clients
Seeking help in the form of therapy takes courage. I view my role in therapy as embarking on a journey with my client towards greater life fulfillment, improved quality in their relationships and in their overall quality of life. I work with adults struggling with mood and anxiety issues, grief and loss, codependency, marital issues, trauma and life cycle/life adjustment issues, inner child work and family of origin issues. I work with preteens and adolescents and include parenting and family therapy in that work when needed. I enjoy working with couples and have been trained in The Developmental Model of Couples Therapy.
Seeking help in the form of therapy takes courage. I view my role in therapy as embarking on a journey with my client towards greater life fulfillment, improved quality in their relationships and in their overall quality of life. I work with adults struggling with mood and anxiety issues, grief and loss, codependency, marital issues, trauma and life cycle/life adjustment issues, inner child work and family of origin issues. I work with preteens and adolescents and include parenting and family therapy in that work when needed. I enjoy working with couples and have been trained in The Developmental Model of Couples Therapy.
(508) 717-3588 View (508) 717-3588
Photo of LeaAnne Stunkel-Doyle, MA, LMHC, Counselor
LeaAnne Stunkel-Doyle
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02362  (Online Only)
I have been working as a licensed clinician in a variety of settings for over 25 years. My philosophy is to help individuals to identify their strengths, their learning and thought patterns, and help them to achieve personal goals. I believe that all people have the right to feel happy and to be successful in this world, and recognize that there are many obstacles that may interfere. I am very interested in the role of movement and nature in mental health, and offer walk/run/outdoor therapy as well as telehealth. In addition, I am trained in CBT, DBT, mindfulness, IFS therapy and traditional psychotherapy.
I have been working as a licensed clinician in a variety of settings for over 25 years. My philosophy is to help individuals to identify their strengths, their learning and thought patterns, and help them to achieve personal goals. I believe that all people have the right to feel happy and to be successful in this world, and recognize that there are many obstacles that may interfere. I am very interested in the role of movement and nature in mental health, and offer walk/run/outdoor therapy as well as telehealth. In addition, I am trained in CBT, DBT, mindfulness, IFS therapy and traditional psychotherapy.
(339) 201-9504 View (339) 201-9504
Photo of Anna Kulmatiski, MSW, LICSW , Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Anna Kulmatiski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360  (Online Only)
Life can be stressful and painful at times. I provide a caring and non-judgmental place to explore why you are currently suffering. Together we will find ways to help you feel better quickly. I can help you see your situation from a new perspective, learn new healthy coping skills and create stronger relationships. There is a future where you wake up energized, joyful and excited for the day ahead. Currently accepting; Blue Cross Blue Shield, Aetna, and Point32 Insurance (Harvard Pilgrim/Tufts Commercial plans). I will soon be accepting Oxford, United and Oscar.
Life can be stressful and painful at times. I provide a caring and non-judgmental place to explore why you are currently suffering. Together we will find ways to help you feel better quickly. I can help you see your situation from a new perspective, learn new healthy coping skills and create stronger relationships. There is a future where you wake up energized, joyful and excited for the day ahead. Currently accepting; Blue Cross Blue Shield, Aetna, and Point32 Insurance (Harvard Pilgrim/Tufts Commercial plans). I will soon be accepting Oxford, United and Oscar.
(508) 474-7861 View (508) 474-7861
Photo of Jace Langone, PsyD, Psychologist
Jace Langone
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
Not accepting new clients
I practice Spiritually-Integrated Psychotherapy, offering a space to explore how conflicts between one’s core values and lived experience can hinder well-being. I find inspiration in Humanistic and Transpersonal theories, and integrate various evidenced-based modalities, providing an eclectic, individualized treatment. My nearly decade-long practice in pastoral counseling, ongoing apprenticeships in Dreamshadow Transpersonal Breathwork and the Foundation for Shamanic Studies, and training assimilating religiospiritual practices into therapy allows me to offer a therapeutic approach appreciative of wisdom traditions around the world.
I practice Spiritually-Integrated Psychotherapy, offering a space to explore how conflicts between one’s core values and lived experience can hinder well-being. I find inspiration in Humanistic and Transpersonal theories, and integrate various evidenced-based modalities, providing an eclectic, individualized treatment. My nearly decade-long practice in pastoral counseling, ongoing apprenticeships in Dreamshadow Transpersonal Breathwork and the Foundation for Shamanic Studies, and training assimilating religiospiritual practices into therapy allows me to offer a therapeutic approach appreciative of wisdom traditions around the world.
(781) 352-0274 x212 View (781) 352-0274 x212
Photo of Dylan Wallace, LICSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dylan Wallace
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360
I believe that each person has the potential to live the life they truly want and that lasting change is possible. As a strengths-based therapist, I help a client find their strengths are built on and utilized in therapy to help the client work through the difficulties they are experiencing. I create a space where you can tell me anything without fear of judgment or me telling you how you should live life. Therapy is an interactive process and it shouldn’t look the same for each person. I love helping people build their confidence and becoming more assertive. I want to help you build the skills to live your life to the fullest!
I believe that each person has the potential to live the life they truly want and that lasting change is possible. As a strengths-based therapist, I help a client find their strengths are built on and utilized in therapy to help the client work through the difficulties they are experiencing. I create a space where you can tell me anything without fear of judgment or me telling you how you should live life. Therapy is an interactive process and it shouldn’t look the same for each person. I love helping people build their confidence and becoming more assertive. I want to help you build the skills to live your life to the fullest!
(781) 731-1830 View (781) 731-1830
Photo of Elizabeth Pothier, LMHC, ATR, Counselor
Elizabeth Pothier
Counselor, LMHC, ATR
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
As a licensed mental health counselor and registered art therapist, my work involves the interplay of talk therapy and the use of visual art for expression and reflection. I am dedicated to using creative expression to promote mental health and personal growth. I adapt a person-centered approach, focusing on the unique needs, strengths and potentials of clients to support them in exploring their inner selves and developing healthy strategies to achieve therapeutic goals within the areas of mental health, social-emotional skills and overall well being.
As a licensed mental health counselor and registered art therapist, my work involves the interplay of talk therapy and the use of visual art for expression and reflection. I am dedicated to using creative expression to promote mental health and personal growth. I adapt a person-centered approach, focusing on the unique needs, strengths and potentials of clients to support them in exploring their inner selves and developing healthy strategies to achieve therapeutic goals within the areas of mental health, social-emotional skills and overall well being.
(508) 717-3116 View (508) 717-3116
Alice A Johnson
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
Tired of living with anxiety, anger, sadness? Tired of feeling stuck or depressed? Using alcohol to cope? I am an interactive, pragmatic therapist that will challenge you in a warm, supportive, safe environment. I have been working with individuals (adults & adolescents), families and couples for over 16 years. I use a variety of tools and methods that include: motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioral and psychodynamic techniques.
Tired of living with anxiety, anger, sadness? Tired of feeling stuck or depressed? Using alcohol to cope? I am an interactive, pragmatic therapist that will challenge you in a warm, supportive, safe environment. I have been working with individuals (adults & adolescents), families and couples for over 16 years. I use a variety of tools and methods that include: motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioral and psychodynamic techniques.
(508) 928-3738 View (508) 928-3738
Photo of Timothy J Ryan, LICSW, BCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Timothy J Ryan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
I am a clinical social worker with over 30 years of post-masters experience as a psychotherapist. While I see clients around a wide variety of issues, I've been particularly interested in anxiety disorders and substance abuse related issues. Early in my career I received extensive training and supervision in psycho-dynamic psychotherapy and this continues to the the foundation of my work with clients. While that still anchors my approach to therapy, over time, I've developed a more eclectic approach incorporating cognitive behavioral treatements, coordination with 12 step mutual help organizations, EMDR for trauma and mindfulness practices.
I am a clinical social worker with over 30 years of post-masters experience as a psychotherapist. While I see clients around a wide variety of issues, I've been particularly interested in anxiety disorders and substance abuse related issues. Early in my career I received extensive training and supervision in psycho-dynamic psychotherapy and this continues to the the foundation of my work with clients. While that still anchors my approach to therapy, over time, I've developed a more eclectic approach incorporating cognitive behavioral treatements, coordination with 12 step mutual help organizations, EMDR for trauma and mindfulness practices.
(508) 502-7912 View (508) 502-7912
Photo of Vanessa F O'Toole - Vanessa O'Toole, LICSW, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Vanessa O'Toole, LICSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
Life can be difficult and my goal is to help people with these difficult life situations. Sometimes it can be relationships, parenting, nervousness, depression, or help overcoming a past trauma. I am certified in Sand tray therapy to help process any of these life difficulties, trauma focused cognitive behavioral therapy to assist with past traumas, and Triple P which is the positive parenting program to assist parents with many issues from sleeping issues in infants to ADHD in elementary school. I also have training in Emotionally Focused Therapy. Current availability during school/work hours online and in person
Life can be difficult and my goal is to help people with these difficult life situations. Sometimes it can be relationships, parenting, nervousness, depression, or help overcoming a past trauma. I am certified in Sand tray therapy to help process any of these life difficulties, trauma focused cognitive behavioral therapy to assist with past traumas, and Triple P which is the positive parenting program to assist parents with many issues from sleeping issues in infants to ADHD in elementary school. I also have training in Emotionally Focused Therapy. Current availability during school/work hours online and in person
(781) 417-5323 View (781) 417-5323
Photo of Amber Bakeman, LMHC, Counselor
Amber Bakeman
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360
Not accepting new clients
Therapy can be an overwhelming experience. I seek to help clients work through difficult life experiences and develop positive ways of coping. Often, clients may feel apprehensive about seeking support from others, however, I hope to restore your faith in your ability to be a pioneer of your own experience. I have found that a cognitive behavioral approach is effective in working with adults struggling with issues related to trauma, depression, anxiety, and interpersonal issues.
Therapy can be an overwhelming experience. I seek to help clients work through difficult life experiences and develop positive ways of coping. Often, clients may feel apprehensive about seeking support from others, however, I hope to restore your faith in your ability to be a pioneer of your own experience. I have found that a cognitive behavioral approach is effective in working with adults struggling with issues related to trauma, depression, anxiety, and interpersonal issues.
(339) 888-9866 View (339) 888-9866
Photo of Michael Canavan, LMHC, CAGS, Counselor
Michael Canavan
Counselor, LMHC, CAGS
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
I am a Licensed Mental Health Clinician and Licensed Alcohol Drug Counselor 1 with over 25 years of experience working with teenagers, adults and families in shifting mindsets and establishing healthy coping skills to utilize in their daily lives. In addition to private practice, my work experience includes positions with DCF, DYS, an inpatient psychiatric facility, as well as within middle and high schools. I use a holistic and individually structured approach in order to create a safe, collaborative and action oriented space for my clients. I specialize in working with adolescents and adults, and utilize CBT, Strength Based, Per
I am a Licensed Mental Health Clinician and Licensed Alcohol Drug Counselor 1 with over 25 years of experience working with teenagers, adults and families in shifting mindsets and establishing healthy coping skills to utilize in their daily lives. In addition to private practice, my work experience includes positions with DCF, DYS, an inpatient psychiatric facility, as well as within middle and high schools. I use a holistic and individually structured approach in order to create a safe, collaborative and action oriented space for my clients. I specialize in working with adolescents and adults, and utilize CBT, Strength Based, Per
(508) 684-5294 View (508) 684-5294
Photo of Debbie Grace, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Debbie Grace
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
Not accepting new clients
I am not accepting new clients at this time. Deciding to enter therapy is not always an easy one. My goal is to assist you in understanding what made you make the call as well as help you to gain hope that it can get better. I enjoy working with FEMALES ages 17 to 99. Creating a warm and nurturing office environment is one of my strengths. I take great pride in developing a supportive therapeutic relationship with each of my clients.
I am not accepting new clients at this time. Deciding to enter therapy is not always an easy one. My goal is to assist you in understanding what made you make the call as well as help you to gain hope that it can get better. I enjoy working with FEMALES ages 17 to 99. Creating a warm and nurturing office environment is one of my strengths. I take great pride in developing a supportive therapeutic relationship with each of my clients.
(339) 201-2154 View (339) 201-2154
Photo of Kevin Avitabile, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kevin Avitabile
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360  (Online Only)
If you or a loved one is navigating a challenging period, I am an experienced therapist with a diverse professional background. My professional journey has equipped me with the necessary skills to provide support in various situations. I employ a direct and straightforward approach, centering on facilitating positive changes in my clients' lives.
If you or a loved one is navigating a challenging period, I am an experienced therapist with a diverse professional background. My professional journey has equipped me with the necessary skills to provide support in various situations. I employ a direct and straightforward approach, centering on facilitating positive changes in my clients' lives.
(508) 206-9970 View (508) 206-9970
Photo of Lisa Ann Provost, LMHC, Counselor
Lisa Ann Provost
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
Not accepting new clients
In a world that is ever changing, it can be a challenge to trust someone. I would like to have the opportunity to provide you with a safe and warm environment that allows you to freely express your thoughts and feelings. In working together we can identify and utilize helpful tools, coping skills and strengths to help make positive changes in your life.
In a world that is ever changing, it can be a challenge to trust someone. I would like to have the opportunity to provide you with a safe and warm environment that allows you to freely express your thoughts and feelings. In working together we can identify and utilize helpful tools, coping skills and strengths to help make positive changes in your life.
(508) 503-6982 View (508) 503-6982
Photo of Dina L Karam, MEd, LMHC, Counselor
Dina L Karam
Counselor, MEd, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360
Not accepting new clients
Life can be complicated, messy, and confusing. Relationships, work, family or identity problems; trauma or abuse; difficult emotions such as grief or anger – such challenges may be more than we can manage alone. Sometimes we need a little extra support and guidance, and that’s when finding a therapist who is the right fit is so important.
Life can be complicated, messy, and confusing. Relationships, work, family or identity problems; trauma or abuse; difficult emotions such as grief or anger – such challenges may be more than we can manage alone. Sometimes we need a little extra support and guidance, and that’s when finding a therapist who is the right fit is so important.
(508) 576-5099 View (508) 576-5099
Photo of Ronald Dranetz, LMHC, MaMHC, Counselor
Ronald Dranetz
Counselor, LMHC, MaMHC
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) based in Southeastern Massachusetts, including Cape Cod. I see patients in person and via telehealth for a range of concerns. I hold a Master’s degree in Mental Health Counseling and have experience working with adults of all ages and stages of life. I provide a safe and confidential space and an empathic listening environment in which the you can feel comfortable expressing your thoughts and feelings. Psychotherapy is transformative. Our work together will support your awareness, increase your choices, improve your enjoyment of life and find meaning and value for all of your feelings.
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) based in Southeastern Massachusetts, including Cape Cod. I see patients in person and via telehealth for a range of concerns. I hold a Master’s degree in Mental Health Counseling and have experience working with adults of all ages and stages of life. I provide a safe and confidential space and an empathic listening environment in which the you can feel comfortable expressing your thoughts and feelings. Psychotherapy is transformative. Our work together will support your awareness, increase your choices, improve your enjoyment of life and find meaning and value for all of your feelings.
(508) 684-2468 View (508) 684-2468
Photo of Erica St Germain, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erica St Germain
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360
Not accepting new clients
I am not accepting new clients at this time. Deciding to seek therapy can be scary and overwhelming! But in therapy, we can together transform those worries and challenges into insights and growth. My style is collaborative, strengths-based, and supportive while being direct and challenging when needed. Techniques I will use in my work with you include mindfulness-based practices, cognitive behavioral therapy, and solution-focused therapy. I will teach you better ways toward healthy boundaries and positive communication in your relationships which will lead to more positive feelings about yourself.
I am not accepting new clients at this time. Deciding to seek therapy can be scary and overwhelming! But in therapy, we can together transform those worries and challenges into insights and growth. My style is collaborative, strengths-based, and supportive while being direct and challenging when needed. Techniques I will use in my work with you include mindfulness-based practices, cognitive behavioral therapy, and solution-focused therapy. I will teach you better ways toward healthy boundaries and positive communication in your relationships which will lead to more positive feelings about yourself.
(508) 570-4157 View (508) 570-4157
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Plymouth, MA

200+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Plymouth, MA who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
88% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
75% Coping Skills
75% Self Esteem
69% Stress
65% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

90% BlueCross and BlueShield
75% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
72% Optum

How Therapists in Plymouth, MA see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
15% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Plymouth?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.