Therapists in White Plains, NY

Photo of Roseanna S Ramraj, LMSW
Roseanna S Ramraj
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
White Plains, NY 10601  (Online Only)
As a therapist, I aim to create a safe, stable, friendly, and explorative environment free of judgment. We can explore nearly any thought or feeling you have and find deep, meaningful insight. My approach to psychotherapy is organic, where we set the pace together. I support your growth in ways that strengthen understanding and self-awareness in a safe and nonjudgmental environment.
As a therapist, I aim to create a safe, stable, friendly, and explorative environment free of judgment. We can explore nearly any thought or feeling you have and find deep, meaningful insight. My approach to psychotherapy is organic, where we set the pace together. I support your growth in ways that strengthen understanding and self-awareness in a safe and nonjudgmental environment.
(845) 539-1636 View (845) 539-1636
Photo of Alan Ellis, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alan Ellis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
White Plains, NY 10606
During these stressful times many of us are anxious, discouraged or depressed and need support to become more effectively present in work, relationships and/or family dynamics. I am an intuitive, solution-focused Counselor/Psychotherapist and employ Integrative, CBT and Mindfulness practices in assisting Clients to better navigate and make transformative changes in their lives. I am also adept with workplace related issues, and have presented at national conferences on providing effective counseling and psychotherapy services to males.
During these stressful times many of us are anxious, discouraged or depressed and need support to become more effectively present in work, relationships and/or family dynamics. I am an intuitive, solution-focused Counselor/Psychotherapist and employ Integrative, CBT and Mindfulness practices in assisting Clients to better navigate and make transformative changes in their lives. I am also adept with workplace related issues, and have presented at national conferences on providing effective counseling and psychotherapy services to males.
(646) 760-4675 View (646) 760-4675
Photo of Narcisa Sierra - Footsteps To Wellness, LMHC, CIMHP, Counselor
Footsteps To Wellness
Counselor, LMHC, CIMHP
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
White Plains, NY 10607  (Online Only)
You are tired of feeling stuck and not in control of your own emotions. You are tired of living in your head and worrying about everything that could go wrong. The frustration you feel with yourself is mounting and you want to stop repeating patterns that are holding you back in life. Feeling a sense of trust and safety has always been a challenge for you and it has taken a toll on your relationships. I'm here to help. I offer you a safe place where you can make sense of your past and look toward the future. A future where you feel empowered with an understanding of who you are and how to move forward.
You are tired of feeling stuck and not in control of your own emotions. You are tired of living in your head and worrying about everything that could go wrong. The frustration you feel with yourself is mounting and you want to stop repeating patterns that are holding you back in life. Feeling a sense of trust and safety has always been a challenge for you and it has taken a toll on your relationships. I'm here to help. I offer you a safe place where you can make sense of your past and look toward the future. A future where you feel empowered with an understanding of who you are and how to move forward.
(914) 266-9787 View (914) 266-9787
Photo of Vanessa Gonzalez, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Vanessa Gonzalez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
White Plains, NY 10604  (Online Only)
I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker committed to helping clients learn how to live their best lives. My work focuses on targeting ineffective behaviors, habits, and beliefs we have about ourselves. I believe in taking a collaborative approach to helping clients live happier lives. I specialize in treating anxiety, depression, trauma, burnout, family issues, interpersonal/social struggles, and imposter syndrome. I utilize an eclectic approach of evidenced based treatments that includes CBT, Behavioral therapy, traditional psychotherapy, and DBT to meet each clients individual needs.
I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker committed to helping clients learn how to live their best lives. My work focuses on targeting ineffective behaviors, habits, and beliefs we have about ourselves. I believe in taking a collaborative approach to helping clients live happier lives. I specialize in treating anxiety, depression, trauma, burnout, family issues, interpersonal/social struggles, and imposter syndrome. I utilize an eclectic approach of evidenced based treatments that includes CBT, Behavioral therapy, traditional psychotherapy, and DBT to meet each clients individual needs.
(929) 207-2785 View (929) 207-2785
Photo of Ziva Zaff, MS, LCAT, ATR-BC, Art Therapist
Ziva Zaff
Art Therapist, MS, LCAT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
White Plains, NY 10605
Don't let life pass you by. If you experience symptoms of stress, anxiety, or depression, or if you struggle with a history of trauma, loss, or chronic pain, your quality of life may be affected. As a psychotherapist, working with adolescents, adults, and the elderly in private practice, I maintain a sensitive and compassionate approach when meeting you at these life junctions. Offering creative and holistic modes of therapy to treat individuals, families and groups, my aim is to join you in lifting the fog of uncertainty and pain, revealing your innate abilities to cope and move forward towards a life of fulfillment.
Don't let life pass you by. If you experience symptoms of stress, anxiety, or depression, or if you struggle with a history of trauma, loss, or chronic pain, your quality of life may be affected. As a psychotherapist, working with adolescents, adults, and the elderly in private practice, I maintain a sensitive and compassionate approach when meeting you at these life junctions. Offering creative and holistic modes of therapy to treat individuals, families and groups, my aim is to join you in lifting the fog of uncertainty and pain, revealing your innate abilities to cope and move forward towards a life of fulfillment.
(914) 529-6365 View (914) 529-6365
Photo of Elizabeth A Bussian, MSW, LCSW, EMDR, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elizabeth A Bussian
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, EMDR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
White Plains, NY 10601
As a solution-focused therapist, my goal is to help you uncover your true potential. While we can't change difficult situations of the past, we can work together to better understand and resolve challenges in your life. By applying complementary therapy approaches and techniques, we will unearth long-standing behavior patterns or negative perceptions that may be holding you back from experiencing a more fulfilling and meaningful life.
As a solution-focused therapist, my goal is to help you uncover your true potential. While we can't change difficult situations of the past, we can work together to better understand and resolve challenges in your life. By applying complementary therapy approaches and techniques, we will unearth long-standing behavior patterns or negative perceptions that may be holding you back from experiencing a more fulfilling and meaningful life.
(845) 412-9234 View (845) 412-9234
Photo of Elvira Maria Medus, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elvira Maria Medus
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
White Plains, NY 10607
I am a Humanistic psychotherapist trained within the Rogerian Approach. I am convinced people have the ability to choose what is best for them. However, sometimes they require certain conditions to clarify and identify new ways to manage their conflicts. My work is to promote the discovery of each client's inner wisdom. Specifically, I help my clients re-connect with their true selves, strengthen self-esteem, improve communication, promote behavior change and develop healthy coping skills.
I am a Humanistic psychotherapist trained within the Rogerian Approach. I am convinced people have the ability to choose what is best for them. However, sometimes they require certain conditions to clarify and identify new ways to manage their conflicts. My work is to promote the discovery of each client's inner wisdom. Specifically, I help my clients re-connect with their true selves, strengthen self-esteem, improve communication, promote behavior change and develop healthy coping skills.
(773) 717-2909 View (773) 717-2909
Photo of Jennifer Hili, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer Hili
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
White Plains, NY 10603
Everybody deserves to be happy. Whether you are struggling with a new problem or one that has been on-going, an emotional problem or a bio-chemical one, getting support can make a world of difference. Call for a free phone consultation and see if I am a good fit for you.
Everybody deserves to be happy. Whether you are struggling with a new problem or one that has been on-going, an emotional problem or a bio-chemical one, getting support can make a world of difference. Call for a free phone consultation and see if I am a good fit for you.
(516) 986-2187 View (516) 986-2187
Photo of Lisa Bargellini, MS, LMHC, CEDS, Counselor
Lisa Bargellini
Counselor, MS, LMHC, CEDS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
White Plains, NY 10607
If you have been struggling to feel connected with others and in life, coping by using self-destructive behaviors, or simply want to gain insight into behaviors and responses, therapy will be a useful tool. Making small changes in your way of coping can bring about positive and deserving results - and with my services, I will help you achieve just that. I tailor therapy to suit everyone's needs, and discover what works best for you in your treatment.
If you have been struggling to feel connected with others and in life, coping by using self-destructive behaviors, or simply want to gain insight into behaviors and responses, therapy will be a useful tool. Making small changes in your way of coping can bring about positive and deserving results - and with my services, I will help you achieve just that. I tailor therapy to suit everyone's needs, and discover what works best for you in your treatment.
(646) 362-1198 View (646) 362-1198
Photo of Angela Vassel, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Angela Vassel
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
White Plains, NY 10607  (Online Only)
Everyone needs help negotiating life with its highs and lows, its ups and downs, certainties and uncertainties. The help needed varies from person to person, at different stages and seasons of life but it is critical for you to find on time help to maneuver through these challenges. I can partner with you to help you manage well your couple relationship whether premarital or marital. If you anticipate establishing a step family/blended family or if you are already in one you'll need help to prepare and equip you to negotiate the pitfalls along the way. You can also have your mental and emotional needs addressed.
Everyone needs help negotiating life with its highs and lows, its ups and downs, certainties and uncertainties. The help needed varies from person to person, at different stages and seasons of life but it is critical for you to find on time help to maneuver through these challenges. I can partner with you to help you manage well your couple relationship whether premarital or marital. If you anticipate establishing a step family/blended family or if you are already in one you'll need help to prepare and equip you to negotiate the pitfalls along the way. You can also have your mental and emotional needs addressed.
(914) 228-9530 View (914) 228-9530
Photo of Mary-Kay Kallergis, LMSW , SRMT
Mary-Kay Kallergis
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW , SRMT
Verified Verified
White Plains, NY 10603  (Online Only)
Would you like to reclaim your power and live a fully authentic life? I use a holistic approach to healing the mind, body, heart and soul. Through my own healing journey, I have learned how healing is possible from trauma and chronic disease. I integrate ancient wisdom traditions like reiki, shamanism, Buddhist meditation and shadow work. I also incorporate holistic health approaches, emphasizing the importance of quality food sources and healthy lifestyle. I provide a safe and nurturing environment for you to explore your inner world. I am a spiritually oriented psychotherapist who brings the soul back into psychotherapy.
Would you like to reclaim your power and live a fully authentic life? I use a holistic approach to healing the mind, body, heart and soul. Through my own healing journey, I have learned how healing is possible from trauma and chronic disease. I integrate ancient wisdom traditions like reiki, shamanism, Buddhist meditation and shadow work. I also incorporate holistic health approaches, emphasizing the importance of quality food sources and healthy lifestyle. I provide a safe and nurturing environment for you to explore your inner world. I am a spiritually oriented psychotherapist who brings the soul back into psychotherapy.
(347) 572-7326 View (347) 572-7326
Photo of Eugene J R Lombardo, LCSWR, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Eugene J R Lombardo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSWR
Verified Verified
White Plains, NY 10601
Do you sometimes feel that everyone else seems to have their lives together while you are struggling day by day? Do you find yourself comparing how others appear on the outside to how you feel on the inside? Does it feel as though you have people fooled into thinking you're more together or successful than you really are? You are not alone. I believe that labels can often be misleading. We all experience things such as anxiety, fear, anger, sadness and problems with relationships. You and I can work together in an informal relaxed atmosphere towards achieving contentment.
Do you sometimes feel that everyone else seems to have their lives together while you are struggling day by day? Do you find yourself comparing how others appear on the outside to how you feel on the inside? Does it feel as though you have people fooled into thinking you're more together or successful than you really are? You are not alone. I believe that labels can often be misleading. We all experience things such as anxiety, fear, anger, sadness and problems with relationships. You and I can work together in an informal relaxed atmosphere towards achieving contentment.
(914) 265-2043 View (914) 265-2043
Photo of Abby Rosmarin, LMHC, ESQ
Abby Rosmarin
LMHC, ESQ
Verified Verified
White Plains, NY 10601  (Online Only)
I believe that people would like to bring their best version of themselves when they are in disagreement and seeking to find solutions. I understand how disorienting conflict can be and am skilled at working with people who feel misunderstood, ignored or dismissed. I am an attorney and a licensed mental health counselor. I serve clients through mediation, conflict coaching and parent coordination. I also facilitate family discussions around a broad range of issues from the care of an elderly parent, family governance, to issues that arise in family owned businesses. To learn more, visit: https://www.rosmarincoaching.com
I believe that people would like to bring their best version of themselves when they are in disagreement and seeking to find solutions. I understand how disorienting conflict can be and am skilled at working with people who feel misunderstood, ignored or dismissed. I am an attorney and a licensed mental health counselor. I serve clients through mediation, conflict coaching and parent coordination. I also facilitate family discussions around a broad range of issues from the care of an elderly parent, family governance, to issues that arise in family owned businesses. To learn more, visit: https://www.rosmarincoaching.com
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Photo of Erin Marra, Erin Marra, LCSW, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erin Marra
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, Erin Marra, LCSW, PLLC
Verified Verified
White Plains, NY 10601
Hello! My name is Erin Marra and I am here to help. You may be in crisis or wishing you felt better. You'd like to figure out what's in the way and how to move forward. I have helped people with a wide range of obstacles, including stress, challenging transitions, and general feelings of being stuck. Some of my clients struggle with substance use and I provide support in abstinence or harm reduction.
Hello! My name is Erin Marra and I am here to help. You may be in crisis or wishing you felt better. You'd like to figure out what's in the way and how to move forward. I have helped people with a wide range of obstacles, including stress, challenging transitions, and general feelings of being stuck. Some of my clients struggle with substance use and I provide support in abstinence or harm reduction.
(914) 342-7346 View (914) 342-7346
Photo of Jessica Aron, PsyD, Psychologist
Jessica Aron
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
White Plains, NY 10601  (Online Only)
Are you feeling overwhelmed by the level of stress in your life? Would you like to learn helpful skills to improve your mood? Do you want to change your relationship with food and your body? If so, I am here to help. I am dedicated to providing high-quality therapy delivered with compassion and expertise. We will work closely to develop a personalized plan aimed at helping you make positive changes in a timely manner. My focus is to help you build upon your strengths, gain new skills, and achieve the personal growth you seek.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by the level of stress in your life? Would you like to learn helpful skills to improve your mood? Do you want to change your relationship with food and your body? If so, I am here to help. I am dedicated to providing high-quality therapy delivered with compassion and expertise. We will work closely to develop a personalized plan aimed at helping you make positive changes in a timely manner. My focus is to help you build upon your strengths, gain new skills, and achieve the personal growth you seek.
(845) 251-4225 View (845) 251-4225
Photo of Nina Chaifetz, LCSW-R, CHHC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nina Chaifetz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, CHHC
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
White Plains, NY 10607
Wherever you are right now, change is possible. Many of my clients feel stuck in an area of their life or they are struggling with anxiety and depression. They want to improve their relationships, enjoy their lives more, and feel better emotionally, mentally and physically. I work with people like you to help you make positive changes and improve your quality of life. I offer support and connection, a place to process and help you build coping skills and resilience. Working together, we will find ways to manage the variety of feelings you are having, to empower you to face your challenges and to be able to live your life more fully.
Wherever you are right now, change is possible. Many of my clients feel stuck in an area of their life or they are struggling with anxiety and depression. They want to improve their relationships, enjoy their lives more, and feel better emotionally, mentally and physically. I work with people like you to help you make positive changes and improve your quality of life. I offer support and connection, a place to process and help you build coping skills and resilience. Working together, we will find ways to manage the variety of feelings you are having, to empower you to face your challenges and to be able to live your life more fully.
(917) 746-5793 View (917) 746-5793
Photo of Alan Kuras, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alan Kuras
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
White Plains, NY 10601
I am an experienced psychotherapist dedicated to helping people understand themselves, their motivations, their fears and their hopes for the future. I have learned in my work that at some point, all people struggle with challenges and setbacks, but also find it difficult to move forward with goals. Why this is, how it came to be, and how to move forward is the focus of our work. I offer compassion, patience and care in helping people work through threr personal barriers to a more satisfying and meaningful life.
I am an experienced psychotherapist dedicated to helping people understand themselves, their motivations, their fears and their hopes for the future. I have learned in my work that at some point, all people struggle with challenges and setbacks, but also find it difficult to move forward with goals. Why this is, how it came to be, and how to move forward is the focus of our work. I offer compassion, patience and care in helping people work through threr personal barriers to a more satisfying and meaningful life.
(845) 723-2568 View (845) 723-2568
Photo of Marisa Ferro, MHC, MS, Pre-Licensed Professional
Marisa Ferro
Pre-Licensed Professional, MHC, MS
Verified Verified
White Plains, NY 10601  (Online Only)
Marisa MHC-LP - I'm the co-founder of Davine Counseling. I'm a Mental Health Counselor who specializes in direct services and interventions focused on helping clients of all ages with a variety of different goals and approaches for therapy. A session with me will start with a consultation and an initial assessment. Here you will expect me to ask you questions about yourself to give me a better understanding of you! Here we will also start to discuss therapy goals and expectations as well as a plan for what our session schedule will look like. These sessions are unique to you and I want you to feel comfortable and safe at all times!
Marisa MHC-LP - I'm the co-founder of Davine Counseling. I'm a Mental Health Counselor who specializes in direct services and interventions focused on helping clients of all ages with a variety of different goals and approaches for therapy. A session with me will start with a consultation and an initial assessment. Here you will expect me to ask you questions about yourself to give me a better understanding of you! Here we will also start to discuss therapy goals and expectations as well as a plan for what our session schedule will look like. These sessions are unique to you and I want you to feel comfortable and safe at all times!
(845) 413-2531 View (845) 413-2531
Photo of Silvia B Arias, MSEd, LMHC, Counselor
Silvia B Arias
Counselor, MSEd, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
White Plains, NY 10605  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I am a bilingual (English/Spanish) Licensed Mental Health Counselor in the state of New York and specialize in working with the adult population. My belief is that self-healing encompasses the mind and body and that the clients are the experts in their journey. While therapy is a growth and self-discovery process, in my sessions I promote behavioral transformation by encouraging a positive outlook and the adoption of new attitudes and reactions. My mission is to help you regain control of your life by empowering you and helping you re-build self-confidence. I have the tools and professional experience to help you get back on track.
I am a bilingual (English/Spanish) Licensed Mental Health Counselor in the state of New York and specialize in working with the adult population. My belief is that self-healing encompasses the mind and body and that the clients are the experts in their journey. While therapy is a growth and self-discovery process, in my sessions I promote behavioral transformation by encouraging a positive outlook and the adoption of new attitudes and reactions. My mission is to help you regain control of your life by empowering you and helping you re-build self-confidence. I have the tools and professional experience to help you get back on track.
(914) 315-2148 View (914) 315-2148
Photo of Jennifer Gullesserian, PhD, Psychologist
Jennifer Gullesserian
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
White Plains, NY 10605
I specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depressive, and trauma- and stressor- related disorders. I have extensive experience providing short and long-term individual and family therapy with adults, parents, families, young adults/college students, adolescents and children. In addition to my private practice, I trained and worked professionally in a range of mental health settings including schools, college counseling centers, foster care agencies, outpatient mental health clinics and hospitals. I also have an expertise in providing supervision and training to mental health graduate students.
I specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depressive, and trauma- and stressor- related disorders. I have extensive experience providing short and long-term individual and family therapy with adults, parents, families, young adults/college students, adolescents and children. In addition to my private practice, I trained and worked professionally in a range of mental health settings including schools, college counseling centers, foster care agencies, outpatient mental health clinics and hospitals. I also have an expertise in providing supervision and training to mental health graduate students.
(914) 368-2431 View (914) 368-2431
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in White Plains, NY

700+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in White Plains, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
69% Coping Skills
64% Stress
62% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
67% Cigna and Evernorth
66% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in White Plains, NY see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in White Plains?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.