Therapists in Sullivan, MO

Photo of Marilyn Coffman - Answers Through Christian Counseling, LLC, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Answers Through Christian Counseling, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Sullivan, MO 63080
I have over 36 years experience treating depression and anxiety. I believe that depression/anxiety often has root causes from childhood abuse of a verbal, sexual or physical nature or perhaps regrets resulting from your own choices. I have successfully treated all kinds of PTSD, post abortion syndrome, sexual identity issues, anger, and grief through loss. I help married women to learn to live with difficult husbands when divorce is not their option. I help couples to resolve conflict and learn to live in love and respect.
I have over 36 years experience treating depression and anxiety. I believe that depression/anxiety often has root causes from childhood abuse of a verbal, sexual or physical nature or perhaps regrets resulting from your own choices. I have successfully treated all kinds of PTSD, post abortion syndrome, sexual identity issues, anger, and grief through loss. I help married women to learn to live with difficult husbands when divorce is not their option. I help couples to resolve conflict and learn to live in love and respect.
(314) 485-4723 View (314) 485-4723
Photo of Shannon M Carnal, CIT, Pre-Licensed Professional
Shannon M Carnal
Pre-Licensed Professional, CIT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sullivan, MO 63080
Waitlist for new clients
I work with adults, adolescents, and children who are looking for help facilitating change, maintaining relationships, and navigate the challenges. In our sessions, I create a warm and non-judgmental environment where clients are able to freely explore their emotions, fears, and aspirations.
I work with adults, adolescents, and children who are looking for help facilitating change, maintaining relationships, and navigate the challenges. In our sessions, I create a warm and non-judgmental environment where clients are able to freely explore their emotions, fears, and aspirations.
(636) 428-2919 View (636) 428-2919
Photo of Rebecca Ralston, MA, MEd, LPC, NCC, RPT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rebecca Ralston
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MEd, LPC, NCC, RPT
Verified Verified
Sullivan, MO 63080
As a person and a therapist I work to see everyone as a unique individual who is striving to be the best person he/she can be. I believe issues and events create difficulties that block the progress. My goals are to assist adults, adolescents and children to work through those issues and events and help them continue on their personal journey to health and happiness. I like to help others discover their strengths, abilities and new skills to make individuals stronger and more resilient to work through whatever the universe sends our way.
As a person and a therapist I work to see everyone as a unique individual who is striving to be the best person he/she can be. I believe issues and events create difficulties that block the progress. My goals are to assist adults, adolescents and children to work through those issues and events and help them continue on their personal journey to health and happiness. I like to help others discover their strengths, abilities and new skills to make individuals stronger and more resilient to work through whatever the universe sends our way.
(314) 309-2442 View (314) 309-2442
Photo of Ashley Nichole Fleeman, MA, Pastoral Counselor
Ashley Nichole Fleeman
Pastoral Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
Sullivan, MO 63080  (Online Only)
Hello! My name is Ashley Fleeman! I am a proud child of God and a mother to the most handsome little blessing. Being a young mom in today's world, I understand the struggles that Christian's face every day and I want to be able to help those who are lost find their way back to our Lord. I am trained to help individuals who are seeking spiritual guidance, as well as couples who are seeking to reconnect to God and each other, along with couples who are wanting premarital counseling, and families who are seeking a deeper connection or to restore relationships.
Hello! My name is Ashley Fleeman! I am a proud child of God and a mother to the most handsome little blessing. Being a young mom in today's world, I understand the struggles that Christian's face every day and I want to be able to help those who are lost find their way back to our Lord. I am trained to help individuals who are seeking spiritual guidance, as well as couples who are seeking to reconnect to God and each other, along with couples who are wanting premarital counseling, and families who are seeking a deeper connection or to restore relationships.
(636) 736-0802 View (636) 736-0802
Photo of Miranda Green, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Miranda Green
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sullivan, MO 63080
Sometimes we find ourselves in reactionary mode. We react to the people around us, our circumstances, and our thoughts. Whether you struggle with grief, anger, depression, or stress, Life Intentional Counseling has the services to help. Life Intentional Counseling is about recognizing our ability to live with intentionality and not by happenstance. Being intentional with your thoughts and decisions allows you to find practical ways to make the purposeful choices you want to create a peaceful life.
Sometimes we find ourselves in reactionary mode. We react to the people around us, our circumstances, and our thoughts. Whether you struggle with grief, anger, depression, or stress, Life Intentional Counseling has the services to help. Life Intentional Counseling is about recognizing our ability to live with intentionality and not by happenstance. Being intentional with your thoughts and decisions allows you to find practical ways to make the purposeful choices you want to create a peaceful life.
(636) 500-1687 View (636) 500-1687
Photo of Gretchen Hessler, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Gretchen Hessler
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Sullivan, MO 63080  (Online Only)
At times we have lived a certain way, thinking certain thoughts for so long that we stop hoping or believing that we could ever feel or be any other way. Through counseling, we begin to discover that certain things we have believed and ways that we have been thinking are causing undue suffering. Having discovered this, we can then make new decisions and choices resulting in a better life that we enjoy living.
At times we have lived a certain way, thinking certain thoughts for so long that we stop hoping or believing that we could ever feel or be any other way. Through counseling, we begin to discover that certain things we have believed and ways that we have been thinking are causing undue suffering. Having discovered this, we can then make new decisions and choices resulting in a better life that we enjoy living.
(573) 261-6245 View (573) 261-6245
Photo of Donald A Simpson, MDiv, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Donald A Simpson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MDiv, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Sullivan, MO 63080
What to do with a difficult child, or with a teen whose behaviors pose real problems. How to keep a job, change one, or stay in school. What to do when identity is unclear, hope is lost, or in a crisis of faith. How to see with a partner a way of love and care. How to act in wisdom. When in need of relief from anxieties or pressures feeling too much to bear, one takes a brave and important step reaching out for qualified help. Working with a mental health professional, one can find integrity and meaning in the midst of pain. One can find healing and hopefulness for facing challenges. One can better understand their life.
What to do with a difficult child, or with a teen whose behaviors pose real problems. How to keep a job, change one, or stay in school. What to do when identity is unclear, hope is lost, or in a crisis of faith. How to see with a partner a way of love and care. How to act in wisdom. When in need of relief from anxieties or pressures feeling too much to bear, one takes a brave and important step reaching out for qualified help. Working with a mental health professional, one can find integrity and meaning in the midst of pain. One can find healing and hopefulness for facing challenges. One can better understand their life.
(636) 466-8280 View (636) 466-8280

Online Therapists

Photo of Beth Koritz, MEd, LPC, NCC, CCTP, TFT-Dx, Licensed Professional Counselor
Beth Koritz
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC, CCTP, TFT-Dx
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63139
I am Currently Accepting New Clients & Supervisees! Welcome to a space designed exclusively for remarkable women navigating the intricate world of ADHD. Are you weary of the overwhelm of trying to fit into a world designed for a different rhythm? Are you tired of the constant mental gymnastics, attempting to wrangle your thoughts and emotions? Or perhaps you're seeking clarity and empowerment, eager to harness the incredible potential your ADHD brain holds. Whatever your story, know that you're not alone. As a member of the ADHD community, you're navigating a beautifully unique path.
I am Currently Accepting New Clients & Supervisees! Welcome to a space designed exclusively for remarkable women navigating the intricate world of ADHD. Are you weary of the overwhelm of trying to fit into a world designed for a different rhythm? Are you tired of the constant mental gymnastics, attempting to wrangle your thoughts and emotions? Or perhaps you're seeking clarity and empowerment, eager to harness the incredible potential your ADHD brain holds. Whatever your story, know that you're not alone. As a member of the ADHD community, you're navigating a beautifully unique path.
(314) 720-8802 View (314) 720-8802
Photo of Tara Lusby, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tara Lusby
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63127  (Online Only)
Tara Lusby LPC and LCSW believes the client knows the best route for treatment, meeting them where they are at and partnering on their mental health journey. Specializes in individual therapy for adults 18-99 with a focus on anxiety, depression and trauma. Adult clients aged 18-99 with a focus on anxiety, depression, attachment issues and trauma. I have experience working with individuals who experience self-harming behaviors or suicidal thoughts.
Tara Lusby LPC and LCSW believes the client knows the best route for treatment, meeting them where they are at and partnering on their mental health journey. Specializes in individual therapy for adults 18-99 with a focus on anxiety, depression and trauma. Adult clients aged 18-99 with a focus on anxiety, depression, attachment issues and trauma. I have experience working with individuals who experience self-harming behaviors or suicidal thoughts.
(323) 643-8569 View (323) 643-8569
Photo of Morgan Dietz, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Morgan Dietz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63139
Life moves so quickly! We seldom take time to pause, reflect, and observe the beauty in and around us. Instead, we tend to ruminate about the past or obsess about the future, robbing us of present moment awareness. Therapeutic space provides the unique opportunity to remedy this —if we can simply be present, we learn to work meaningfully with the thoughts and emotions which arise, and we find direction and new possibilities. My hope is to be a source of safety, insight, and clarification as we help you find your way.
Life moves so quickly! We seldom take time to pause, reflect, and observe the beauty in and around us. Instead, we tend to ruminate about the past or obsess about the future, robbing us of present moment awareness. Therapeutic space provides the unique opportunity to remedy this —if we can simply be present, we learn to work meaningfully with the thoughts and emotions which arise, and we find direction and new possibilities. My hope is to be a source of safety, insight, and clarification as we help you find your way.
(314) 912-3511 View (314) 912-3511
Photo of Tiffany Burke, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tiffany Burke
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63108  (Online Only)
Tiffany Burke is a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Missouri and Maryland. She has 9 years of experience providing individualized services to adults struggling with mental health and substance use. Tiffany completed her undergraduate work at Southern Illinois University in Edwardsville with a double major in Psychology and Criminal Justice and received her Master of Arts in Counseling at Lindenwood University in Belleville, IL.
Tiffany Burke is a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Missouri and Maryland. She has 9 years of experience providing individualized services to adults struggling with mental health and substance use. Tiffany completed her undergraduate work at Southern Illinois University in Edwardsville with a double major in Psychology and Criminal Justice and received her Master of Arts in Counseling at Lindenwood University in Belleville, IL.
(314) 470-9893 View (314) 470-9893
Photo of Lee Bascom, MSW, LCSW, RPT-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lee Bascom
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, RPT-S
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63132
As a clinical social worker/registered play therapist, I work with children ages 3-9 and their families. I primarily use Child Centered Play Therapy and I am also trained in Theraplay, SPACE (Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions) and Trauma-Focused CBT. Click on "website" below my picture to see more about me.
As a clinical social worker/registered play therapist, I work with children ages 3-9 and their families. I primarily use Child Centered Play Therapy and I am also trained in Theraplay, SPACE (Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions) and Trauma-Focused CBT. Click on "website" below my picture to see more about me.
(314) 649-5725 View (314) 649-5725
Photo of Susan D Rhoads, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Susan D Rhoads
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63105  (Online Only)
I am a licensed Clinical Social Worker, experienced with individuals dealing with trauma, PTSD, substance use/addiction, depression and/or anxiety. Do you feel like you help everyone else and there's nothing left for you and you're struggling to cope? You've taken the first step and I am already proud of you for looking for help. When we have experienced some of the difficulties in life that we have experienced it may manifest into unwanted behaviors, thoughts, and feelings and negatively affect relationships. If you're going through a difficult period in your life and need extra support or guidance book a consultation appointment.
I am a licensed Clinical Social Worker, experienced with individuals dealing with trauma, PTSD, substance use/addiction, depression and/or anxiety. Do you feel like you help everyone else and there's nothing left for you and you're struggling to cope? You've taken the first step and I am already proud of you for looking for help. When we have experienced some of the difficulties in life that we have experienced it may manifest into unwanted behaviors, thoughts, and feelings and negatively affect relationships. If you're going through a difficult period in your life and need extra support or guidance book a consultation appointment.
(314) 310-6997 View (314) 310-6997
Photo of Jamielyn Yates, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jamielyn Yates
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105  (Online Only)
My name is Jamie Yates and I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Missouri. I'm trained in DBT, CBT, and ACT. I use an eclectic approach that focuses on how our thoughts, emotions, and behaviors affect our lives. I generally work with teenagers and adults with depression, anxiety, and/or Borderline Personality Disorder. I utilize a laid back approach with gentle encouragement for change in areas that my clients have identified as concerns.
My name is Jamie Yates and I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Missouri. I'm trained in DBT, CBT, and ACT. I use an eclectic approach that focuses on how our thoughts, emotions, and behaviors affect our lives. I generally work with teenagers and adults with depression, anxiety, and/or Borderline Personality Disorder. I utilize a laid back approach with gentle encouragement for change in areas that my clients have identified as concerns.
(636) 689-1932 View (636) 689-1932
Photo of Kaitlin Pennington, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kaitlin Pennington
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Peters, MO 63376
Kaitlin Pennington is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Missouri who has been practicing since 2020. She has a Master of Art in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from McKendree University. Kaitlin offers Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy that helps those with trauma exposure or PTSD. She primarily works with children, adolescents, and their families to help them understand and communicate their emotions. In her spare time, Kaitlin enjoys making art, reading, playing video games, and playing with her dogs.
Kaitlin Pennington is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Missouri who has been practicing since 2020. She has a Master of Art in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from McKendree University. Kaitlin offers Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy that helps those with trauma exposure or PTSD. She primarily works with children, adolescents, and their families to help them understand and communicate their emotions. In her spare time, Kaitlin enjoys making art, reading, playing video games, and playing with her dogs.
(636) 306-4521 View (636) 306-4521
Photo of Lauren Jeevanjee, LMSW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Lauren Jeevanjee
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63104
In a society that often imposes rigid structures, labels, and expectations, finding and embracing our authentic selves can be challenging. I understand that both the visible and invisible aspects of our identities influence our lives. In our work together we will deconstruct the rigidity of perfectionism and imposed narratives to explore your authentic relationship with yourself and others.
In a society that often imposes rigid structures, labels, and expectations, finding and embracing our authentic selves can be challenging. I understand that both the visible and invisible aspects of our identities influence our lives. In our work together we will deconstruct the rigidity of perfectionism and imposed narratives to explore your authentic relationship with yourself and others.
(314) 296-3222 View (314) 296-3222
Photo of Mary Huckaby, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mary Huckaby
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63141  (Online Only)
Mary Huckaby, LCSW My approach is client centered meaning that we work together to help reach your goals. I love working with people who want to improve their quality of life. It is very rewarding to see my clients reach their goals. I practice trauma informed care. I like to use cognitive behavioral therapy for depression and anxiety but I also use mindfulness and motivational interviewing.
Mary Huckaby, LCSW My approach is client centered meaning that we work together to help reach your goals. I love working with people who want to improve their quality of life. It is very rewarding to see my clients reach their goals. I practice trauma informed care. I like to use cognitive behavioral therapy for depression and anxiety but I also use mindfulness and motivational interviewing.
(636) 259-5430 View (636) 259-5430
Photo of Susan Wise, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Susan Wise
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105  (Online Only)
Hi! My name is Susan Wise, PhD and I am a licensed psychotherapist. I am here to assist you in making the changes in your life that you have always wanted to make but have been afraid to do so. Change can be accomplished by building a therapeutic environment that focuses on empathy, acceptance, and mutual respect and trust. My approach to therapy uses a wide range of therapeutic modalities, and they include CBT, Art Therapy, Problem Solving, Coping strategies, communication skills, and more. I have extensive experience working with children, adolescents, and adults who are motivated to move forward.
Hi! My name is Susan Wise, PhD and I am a licensed psychotherapist. I am here to assist you in making the changes in your life that you have always wanted to make but have been afraid to do so. Change can be accomplished by building a therapeutic environment that focuses on empathy, acceptance, and mutual respect and trust. My approach to therapy uses a wide range of therapeutic modalities, and they include CBT, Art Therapy, Problem Solving, Coping strategies, communication skills, and more. I have extensive experience working with children, adolescents, and adults who are motivated to move forward.
(323) 643-8569 View (323) 643-8569
Photo of Silvia Portolan, MA, LPC, CCDP-D, Licensed Professional Counselor
Silvia Portolan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CCDP-D
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Creve Coeur, MO 63141
As a scientist that has worked for a decade in drug metabolism research, both in Italy and the US, I always attempt to utilize evidence based interventions with my clients. When dealing with 'softer' sciences surrounding the mental health field, the best course of treatment is often difficult to ascertain. I strive to provide a collaborative, empirical, transparent process which adopts the best evidence based approaches to your unique, personal treatment needs. I am looking forward to rolling up my sleeves and working with you!
As a scientist that has worked for a decade in drug metabolism research, both in Italy and the US, I always attempt to utilize evidence based interventions with my clients. When dealing with 'softer' sciences surrounding the mental health field, the best course of treatment is often difficult to ascertain. I strive to provide a collaborative, empirical, transparent process which adopts the best evidence based approaches to your unique, personal treatment needs. I am looking forward to rolling up my sleeves and working with you!
(636) 481-5121 View (636) 481-5121
Photo of Jamie Hammond, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jamie Hammond
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Weldon Spring, MO 63304
Hi there! I’m so glad you are here. For many people, it takes so much courage to do the thing you hope will get you back to being the best version of yourself. Do something nice for yourself today for taking that first step! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and have worked in mental health for 20 years, six of those years in a therapy setting. My professional experience and training include adults and older adults experiencing: burnout, depression, grief & loss, life transitions, stress, and trauma. I utilize a variety of interventions, including CBT, DBT, EMDR, and CPT. I am also a Certified Grief Informed Professional.
Hi there! I’m so glad you are here. For many people, it takes so much courage to do the thing you hope will get you back to being the best version of yourself. Do something nice for yourself today for taking that first step! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and have worked in mental health for 20 years, six of those years in a therapy setting. My professional experience and training include adults and older adults experiencing: burnout, depression, grief & loss, life transitions, stress, and trauma. I utilize a variety of interventions, including CBT, DBT, EMDR, and CPT. I am also a Certified Grief Informed Professional.
(636) 242-6227 View (636) 242-6227

See more therapy options for Sullivan

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Sullivan, MO

< 10

Therapists in Sullivan, MO who prioritize treating:

86% Depression
86% Anxiety
86% Grief
71% Spirituality
57% Divorce
57% Emotional Disturbance
57% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

27 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
75% BlueCross and BlueShield
75% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Sullivan, MO see their clients

72% In Person and Online
28% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
16% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Sullivan?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.