Relationship Issues Therapists in Shreveport, LA

Photo of Kimvy Calpito
Kimvy Calpito
Provisional Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Shreveport, LA 71101
Are you looking to improve your daily life or relationship? Try not to think of therapy as a bad thing! Think of it as devoted time to focus on yourself, get guided support (that's professional & outside of loved ones' opinions), and talk things out to be in a better headspace. I help individuals find solutions to feel less stuck and move forward. I also help couples and families understand each other more to meet genuine needs. You will hopefully learn communication, emotional regulation, and problem solving skills to help replace negative habits with healthier ones. My approach is a mixture of care, real talk, and a little humor.
Are you looking to improve your daily life or relationship? Try not to think of therapy as a bad thing! Think of it as devoted time to focus on yourself, get guided support (that's professional & outside of loved ones' opinions), and talk things out to be in a better headspace. I help individuals find solutions to feel less stuck and move forward. I also help couples and families understand each other more to meet genuine needs. You will hopefully learn communication, emotional regulation, and problem solving skills to help replace negative habits with healthier ones. My approach is a mixture of care, real talk, and a little humor.
(318) 588-7250 View (318) 588-7250
Photo of Cammie Taylor, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cammie Taylor
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shreveport, LA 71106
Over the past decade, I have served in various roles, including child protection specialist for the state and a licensed social worker within the education system. My expertise extends to navigating Bulletin 1508, 504 plans, and Individualized Education Programs (IEPs). Specializing in supporting children, adolescents, and families, I address challenges such as learning disabilities, ADHD, anger outbursts, depression, relationship issues, academic concerns, and anxiety.
Over the past decade, I have served in various roles, including child protection specialist for the state and a licensed social worker within the education system. My expertise extends to navigating Bulletin 1508, 504 plans, and Individualized Education Programs (IEPs). Specializing in supporting children, adolescents, and families, I address challenges such as learning disabilities, ADHD, anger outbursts, depression, relationship issues, academic concerns, and anxiety.
(318) 515-8027 View (318) 515-8027
Photo of James Rowe, MA, LPC, NCC, CCTP, Licensed Professional Counselor
James Rowe
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shreveport, LA 71107  (Online Only)
Have you been suffering with emotional trauma, anxiety, stress, anger, depression, or mood swings that have been negatively impacting your day-to-day ability to function, causing relationship or family conflicts? Are you tired of the struggle to get up every day with the feelings of anger, agitation, and irritability? Are you ready to make that first step commitment to your mental and emotional health and well-being? Whatever you are going through right now, you can find your way back to your best life with the right help and guidance.
Have you been suffering with emotional trauma, anxiety, stress, anger, depression, or mood swings that have been negatively impacting your day-to-day ability to function, causing relationship or family conflicts? Are you tired of the struggle to get up every day with the feelings of anger, agitation, and irritability? Are you ready to make that first step commitment to your mental and emotional health and well-being? Whatever you are going through right now, you can find your way back to your best life with the right help and guidance.
(318) 506-2151 View (318) 506-2151
Photo of Molly Boyd, PhD, LPC, LMFT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Molly Boyd
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shreveport, LA 71101
Therapy, from my perspective, is a collaborative relationship between the therapist and the client.
I have a PhD in Marriage & Family Therapy and am licensed as an LPC and LMFT. I have experience working with all ages, and with a wide variety of presenting complaints. I am interested in clients who are ready to see the changes in their lives they have envisioned.
Therapy, from my perspective, is a collaborative relationship between the therapist and the client.
I have a PhD in Marriage & Family Therapy and am licensed as an LPC and LMFT. I have experience working with all ages, and with a wide variety of presenting complaints. I am interested in clients who are ready to see the changes in their lives they have envisioned.
(318) 295-9265 View (318) 295-9265
Photo of Alana Hebert, LPC, MS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Alana Hebert
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS
Verified Verified
Shreveport, LA 71104  (Online Only)
My passion is working with individuals/couples who struggle with relationship issues, anxiety, stress, anger, depression, self-esteem and other life stressors.
Now more than ever, I believe that emotional health is just as important as your physical health. For that reason, I have dedicated my career to helping others become the best version of themselves. I am a two-time graduate of the University of Louisiana at Lafayette, where I graduated with a Master’s in Counseling Education. I have served as a School Counselor for over 7 years, serving students ranging from elementary through college.
My passion is working with individuals/couples who struggle with relationship issues, anxiety, stress, anger, depression, self-esteem and other life stressors.
Now more than ever, I believe that emotional health is just as important as your physical health. For that reason, I have dedicated my career to helping others become the best version of themselves. I am a two-time graduate of the University of Louisiana at Lafayette, where I graduated with a Master’s in Counseling Education. I have served as a School Counselor for over 7 years, serving students ranging from elementary through college.
(318) 731-9650 View (318) 731-9650
Lynn Holland
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Shreveport, LA 71101
I also work with adults in relationship issues, parenting, mood disorders, depression, borderline personality, schizophrenia, coping skills, anger management.
I believe that one of the bravest things you can do is begin to understand your own story. You might find that you become anxious in relationships, making them difficult to navigate. Even a minor stressor can lead Lynn Holland, LPC to provide couple and individual psychotherapy for adults, adolescents, and children. As a clinician, I treat Mood and Anxiety Disorders including Depression, Bipolar, Trauma, and PTSD, in addition to Women and Relationship issues, family dysfunction, parenting, anger management, Battered Women Syndrome, communication skills, relaxation techniques, and ADHD.
I also work with adults in relationship issues, parenting, mood disorders, depression, borderline personality, schizophrenia, coping skills, anger management.
I believe that one of the bravest things you can do is begin to understand your own story. You might find that you become anxious in relationships, making them difficult to navigate. Even a minor stressor can lead Lynn Holland, LPC to provide couple and individual psychotherapy for adults, adolescents, and children. As a clinician, I treat Mood and Anxiety Disorders including Depression, Bipolar, Trauma, and PTSD, in addition to Women and Relationship issues, family dysfunction, parenting, anger management, Battered Women Syndrome, communication skills, relaxation techniques, and ADHD.
(318) 450-3238 View (318) 450-3238
Photo of Chelsey A Vincent -   Radiant Holistic Counseling     Chelsey Vincent , LMSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Radiant Holistic Counseling Chelsey Vincent
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Shreveport, LA 71105  (Online Only)
As you face relationship troubles, depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, or loss, you're looking for hope. I invite you to experience the deep healing, growth, and confidence my clients enjoy as they increase their self-awareness, overcome blocks caused by trauma, and build resilience during challenges. Your growth will result in expanded joy and satisfaction in life. If you need tools to enhance your well-being or revive relationships under stress, let's work together- individually, as a family, or as a couple. I will impart proven strategies to help you find healing and loving relationships.
As you face relationship troubles, depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, or loss, you're looking for hope. I invite you to experience the deep healing, growth, and confidence my clients enjoy as they increase their self-awareness, overcome blocks caused by trauma, and build resilience during challenges. Your growth will result in expanded joy and satisfaction in life. If you need tools to enhance your well-being or revive relationships under stress, let's work together- individually, as a family, or as a couple. I will impart proven strategies to help you find healing and loving relationships.
(318) 239-7557 View (318) 239-7557
Photo of Suzette Gardner, MA MFT, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Suzette Gardner
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA MFT, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shreveport, LA 71101
My clients learn more effective relationship skills, are empowered, and learn love themselves.
I am a Marriage and Family Therapist and I work with children and adults, including individuals, couples, and families. My clients may be sad, anxious, overwhelmed, confused or they may have experienced trauma in their life and when they come to therapy having a safe, accepting and validating space is of the utmost importance. I am a strengths-based therapist that meets clients where they are. I help clients with expectations and goals, and empower clients to enact change in their life.
My clients learn more effective relationship skills, are empowered, and learn love themselves.
I am a Marriage and Family Therapist and I work with children and adults, including individuals, couples, and families. My clients may be sad, anxious, overwhelmed, confused or they may have experienced trauma in their life and when they come to therapy having a safe, accepting and validating space is of the utmost importance. I am a strengths-based therapist that meets clients where they are. I help clients with expectations and goals, and empower clients to enact change in their life.
(318) 771-7573 View (318) 771-7573
Photo of Shavez Pinestraw, MS, PLPC, NCC
Shavez Pinestraw
Provisional Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, PLPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Shreveport, LA 71105  (Online Only)
Are you having issues in your relationship? Have you experienced traumatic events that you can't seem to shake? Are you afraid to let yourself love your partner, friends, or yourself? Have you been questioning or wanting to explore your sexuality? Do you struggle with commitment in relationships? If you are experiencing any of those issues, know I am here to help. On your journey to healing, remember that the scars of the past are not always obstacles but reminders of how far you've come. Together, we’ll share smiles, laughter, and maybe even tears. But know that I’m here with you on this journey.
Are you having issues in your relationship? Have you experienced traumatic events that you can't seem to shake? Are you afraid to let yourself love your partner, friends, or yourself? Have you been questioning or wanting to explore your sexuality? Do you struggle with commitment in relationships? If you are experiencing any of those issues, know I am here to help. On your journey to healing, remember that the scars of the past are not always obstacles but reminders of how far you've come. Together, we’ll share smiles, laughter, and maybe even tears. But know that I’m here with you on this journey.
(985) 616-5133 View (985) 616-5133
Photo of Stacie Hildebrand, LPC, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Stacie Hildebrand
Marriage & Family Therapist, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
Shreveport, LA 71115
I have 28 years of experience working with the following relationship concerns: disconnectedness, poor communication, conflict issues, relationship dissatisfaction, infertility, miscarriage/loss, life transitions, and premarital counseling.
I help couples learn to communicate better, fight in a healthy & effective way, and become better friends and partners. My signature program is a 9-step roadmap to improve your friendship, conflict resolution skills, and connection to become a team. Part of the process is a strength-based assessment that helps identify the strengths and areas that need improvement. I believe improving your primary relationship will have positive ripple effects for the rest of your life. For more information, please visit my website: www.CounselingConnectionsLA.com. I am currently accepting Self-pay clients. FB page: Stacie Hildebrand Coaching
I have 28 years of experience working with the following relationship concerns: disconnectedness, poor communication, conflict issues, relationship dissatisfaction, infertility, miscarriage/loss, life transitions, and premarital counseling.
I help couples learn to communicate better, fight in a healthy & effective way, and become better friends and partners. My signature program is a 9-step roadmap to improve your friendship, conflict resolution skills, and connection to become a team. Part of the process is a strength-based assessment that helps identify the strengths and areas that need improvement. I believe improving your primary relationship will have positive ripple effects for the rest of your life. For more information, please visit my website: www.CounselingConnectionsLA.com. I am currently accepting Self-pay clients. FB page: Stacie Hildebrand Coaching
(318) 552-2349 View (318) 552-2349
Photo of Greg Kelley, LPC, Counselor
Greg Kelley
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Shreveport, LA 71108  (Online Only)
In my work, I practice unconditional positive regard with everyone I encounter, guided by Irving Yalom's belief that it the relationship that heals.
Seeking to improve yourself is commendable. You're not crazy, weird, or weak for pursuing counseling. You've already shown strength and resilience in getting this far, so let's start with that. I believe my role is to help you find the blind spots and provide a safe, non-judgmental space to address challenges like mood and motivation issues, relationship struggles, educational and professional concerns, persistent negative self-talk, trauma (including secondary trauma), and feelings of meaninglessness.
In my work, I practice unconditional positive regard with everyone I encounter, guided by Irving Yalom's belief that it the relationship that heals.
Seeking to improve yourself is commendable. You're not crazy, weird, or weak for pursuing counseling. You've already shown strength and resilience in getting this far, so let's start with that. I believe my role is to help you find the blind spots and provide a safe, non-judgmental space to address challenges like mood and motivation issues, relationship struggles, educational and professional concerns, persistent negative self-talk, trauma (including secondary trauma), and feelings of meaninglessness.
(504) 336-7957 View (504) 336-7957
Photo of Marie Cordray, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Marie Cordray
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Shreveport, LA 71101  (Online Only)
I help teens and adults struggling with relationship issues, self esteem and anxiety so that they can thrive in their future relationships with self and others.
Therapy is a vital investment into your own wellbeing and can be incredibly transformative. If you’re experiencing emotional distress, relationship conflict, or looking to better understand recurring patterns that you’ve noticed in your life, you’ve come to the right place. If you’re looking for a compassionate space to explore your identity or to safely process trauma, I would be honored to provide that for you. I know that change can feel daunting. Seeking help is a kind thing to do for yourself, and I’m really proud of you for finding your way here! We will work together to identify your needs and the best way to address them.
I help teens and adults struggling with relationship issues, self esteem and anxiety so that they can thrive in their future relationships with self and others.
Therapy is a vital investment into your own wellbeing and can be incredibly transformative. If you’re experiencing emotional distress, relationship conflict, or looking to better understand recurring patterns that you’ve noticed in your life, you’ve come to the right place. If you’re looking for a compassionate space to explore your identity or to safely process trauma, I would be honored to provide that for you. I know that change can feel daunting. Seeking help is a kind thing to do for yourself, and I’m really proud of you for finding your way here! We will work together to identify your needs and the best way to address them.
(504) 470-0864 View (504) 470-0864
Photo of Dr. Jeff J. Rocker, PhD, NCC, LPC, LPCC, LMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dr. Jeff J. Rocker
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, NCC, LPC, LPCC, LMHC
Verified Verified
Shreveport, LA 71105
Rocker is nationally recognized for his innovative techniques and approaches towards troubled teens, interpersonal relationship partner conflicts, and professionals struggling with work-life balance.
With 12 years of experience working with clients going through individual, relationship, and family issues, Celebrity Therapist Dr. Jeff Rocker has provided therapeutic services to clients nationwide. He is Licensed in 14 states and has served clients from all age groups. Over the years, Dr. Jeff has organized lectures and various events in the community, including excursions and retreats for couples to improve their communication and better understand each other. He has experience working with athletes in the NFL, NBA, and MLB. In addition, Dr. Jeff has also worked with clients in the Movie, Music, and Entertainment Industries.
Rocker is nationally recognized for his innovative techniques and approaches towards troubled teens, interpersonal relationship partner conflicts, and professionals struggling with work-life balance.
With 12 years of experience working with clients going through individual, relationship, and family issues, Celebrity Therapist Dr. Jeff Rocker has provided therapeutic services to clients nationwide. He is Licensed in 14 states and has served clients from all age groups. Over the years, Dr. Jeff has organized lectures and various events in the community, including excursions and retreats for couples to improve their communication and better understand each other. He has experience working with athletes in the NFL, NBA, and MLB. In addition, Dr. Jeff has also worked with clients in the Movie, Music, and Entertainment Industries.
(504) 470-0369 View (504) 470-0369
Photo of Janie P Landry, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Janie P Landry
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Shreveport, LA 71105
Reaching out for help takes courage and is likely one of the hardest steps on the path to healing. Maybe you've been praying that a relationship will improve, or you'll get a better job, the anxiety/depression you're feeling will go away, or the addiction you're battling will subside. Prayer does change things and gives us hope, but seeking the help of a trained professional can accelerate positive change, re-frame negative thoughts, and help restore balance in life. Learning new ways to cope, tapping into the power of mindfulness, and changing perspectives can ease depression and end isolation.
Reaching out for help takes courage and is likely one of the hardest steps on the path to healing. Maybe you've been praying that a relationship will improve, or you'll get a better job, the anxiety/depression you're feeling will go away, or the addiction you're battling will subside. Prayer does change things and gives us hope, but seeking the help of a trained professional can accelerate positive change, re-frame negative thoughts, and help restore balance in life. Learning new ways to cope, tapping into the power of mindfulness, and changing perspectives can ease depression and end isolation.
(318) 310-4504 View (318) 310-4504
Photo of Alicia Mainka, LPC, LMFT, BC-TMH, Licensed Professional Counselor
Alicia Mainka
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMFT, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shreveport, LA 71101  (Online Only)
I'm so grateful you are here as it shows you are ready to overcome obstacles in the way of being your best. Are you feeling a lack of connection you desire in a relationship? Struggling with connection in other areas of your life like work or friendships? Maybe you are feeling uncertain as you face a change in life, enter a new phase or make a big decision? Are you feeling lost after the passing of a loved one and seeking healthy ways to cope with the many emotions of grief? Talking to someone who can offer an objective perspective and help you learn coping skills is proven to be the support you need to help you overcome.
I'm so grateful you are here as it shows you are ready to overcome obstacles in the way of being your best. Are you feeling a lack of connection you desire in a relationship? Struggling with connection in other areas of your life like work or friendships? Maybe you are feeling uncertain as you face a change in life, enter a new phase or make a big decision? Are you feeling lost after the passing of a loved one and seeking healthy ways to cope with the many emotions of grief? Talking to someone who can offer an objective perspective and help you learn coping skills is proven to be the support you need to help you overcome.
(601) 476-5898 View (601) 476-5898
Photo of Ashley Enders Clinger, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ashley Enders Clinger
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shreveport, LA 71101
Welcome to my practice. I work with children 4 years old and up, adults, families and couples. I work with children using different skills of play therapy, behavior modification, learning to communicate effectively. I do my best to help all my clients feel comfortable so you are able to enjoy the counseling atmosphere I have to provide. I help parents with discipline education, behavior modification, advocating for your child, encouraging positive, honest and open communication, and establish routine/structured environment. I work with couples in fair fighting, relationship conflict resolution, and positive communication.
Welcome to my practice. I work with children 4 years old and up, adults, families and couples. I work with children using different skills of play therapy, behavior modification, learning to communicate effectively. I do my best to help all my clients feel comfortable so you are able to enjoy the counseling atmosphere I have to provide. I help parents with discipline education, behavior modification, advocating for your child, encouraging positive, honest and open communication, and establish routine/structured environment. I work with couples in fair fighting, relationship conflict resolution, and positive communication.
(318) 523-4057 View (318) 523-4057
Photo of Tryphena Jenkins, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tryphena Jenkins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shreveport, LA 71105
Life provides experiences that can be challenging and difficult to overcome. Sometimes these difficulties present in feelings of sadness, grief, worry, or relationship problems. Despite the problem there is hope to be able understand how these experiences can shape us to be stronger and better ready to handle life, so that we can live it to our fullest potential.
Life provides experiences that can be challenging and difficult to overcome. Sometimes these difficulties present in feelings of sadness, grief, worry, or relationship problems. Despite the problem there is hope to be able understand how these experiences can shape us to be stronger and better ready to handle life, so that we can live it to our fullest potential.
(318) 771-7529 View (318) 771-7529
Photo of Hailey Hesterman Slack, MS, PLPC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Hailey Hesterman Slack
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, PLPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Shreveport, LA 71105
I believe the foundation of therapy is developed through a trusting relationship.
Hey there! My name is Hailey Slack. You deserve happiness, healing, peace, and the ability to know your worth. Sometimes, life's stressors can cause deep physical, mental, and spiritual pain. At times, this may leave us feeling depressed, wounded, restless, and worthless. My goal is to develop a safe place where you are able to identify your values, strengths, coping skills, and positive worth as a person to help tackle your challenges and stressors with confidence. My hope is that you will realize your worth as a person and reclaim your JOY! I work with all populations including children as young as two, adolescents, and adults.
I believe the foundation of therapy is developed through a trusting relationship.
Hey there! My name is Hailey Slack. You deserve happiness, healing, peace, and the ability to know your worth. Sometimes, life's stressors can cause deep physical, mental, and spiritual pain. At times, this may leave us feeling depressed, wounded, restless, and worthless. My goal is to develop a safe place where you are able to identify your values, strengths, coping skills, and positive worth as a person to help tackle your challenges and stressors with confidence. My hope is that you will realize your worth as a person and reclaim your JOY! I work with all populations including children as young as two, adolescents, and adults.
View
Photo of Ruth Caldwell, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ruth Caldwell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shreveport, LA 71105
With a background in counseling and specializations in CBT, TF-CBT, DBT, and EMDR, I offer tailored therapy for anger management, anxiety, depression, trauma, narcissistic relationship issues, and self-esteem.
Are you struggling with anxiety, trauma, or low self-esteem? Do you feel trapped in a cycle of negative thoughts and emotions, often stemming from past experiences or current stressors? Perhaps you are dealing with anger management issues or navigating the complexities of a narcissistic relationship. If you recognize the need for change and are ready to embark on a journey of healing and growth, we can explore and address these issues together. Let’s equip you with the tools to manage your emotions and build a more fulfilling life.
With a background in counseling and specializations in CBT, TF-CBT, DBT, and EMDR, I offer tailored therapy for anger management, anxiety, depression, trauma, narcissistic relationship issues, and self-esteem.
Are you struggling with anxiety, trauma, or low self-esteem? Do you feel trapped in a cycle of negative thoughts and emotions, often stemming from past experiences or current stressors? Perhaps you are dealing with anger management issues or navigating the complexities of a narcissistic relationship. If you recognize the need for change and are ready to embark on a journey of healing and growth, we can explore and address these issues together. Let’s equip you with the tools to manage your emotions and build a more fulfilling life.
(318) 508-8418 View (318) 508-8418
Photo of Shaquwanda Chew, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Shaquwanda Chew
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Shreveport, LA 71105  (Online Only)
With a Master’s in Social Work and a decade of diverse mental health experience, I specialize in therapies like CBT, DBT, and ACT to address ADHD, anxiety, depression, and relationship issues.
Are you feeling stuck in cycles of anxiety or depression, or grappling with relationship issues? Perhaps you're struggling with self-esteem or self-harm behaviors. If you find these challenges overwhelming and are unsure where to start, it's time to connect with a therapist who understands and can help. With over a decade of experience, I am dedicated to providing a safe, understanding space where we can explore these issues together. Let's begin empowering you to move towards becoming the best version of yourself.
With a Master’s in Social Work and a decade of diverse mental health experience, I specialize in therapies like CBT, DBT, and ACT to address ADHD, anxiety, depression, and relationship issues.
Are you feeling stuck in cycles of anxiety or depression, or grappling with relationship issues? Perhaps you're struggling with self-esteem or self-harm behaviors. If you find these challenges overwhelming and are unsure where to start, it's time to connect with a therapist who understands and can help. With over a decade of experience, I am dedicated to providing a safe, understanding space where we can explore these issues together. Let's begin empowering you to move towards becoming the best version of yourself.
(318) 553-5591 View (318) 553-5591

Nearby Relationship Issues Therapists Searches for Shreveport

See More Relationship Issues Therapists
Relationship Issues Therapists
While need for human connection appears to be innate, the ability to form healthy, loving relationships is learned. Some evidence suggests that the ability to form a stable relationship starts to form in infancy, in a child's earliest experiences with a caregiver who reliably meets the infant's needs for food, care, warmth, protection, stimulation, and social contact. Such relationships are not destiny, but they are theorized to establish deeply ingrained patterns of relating to others. The end of a relationship, however, is often a source of great psychological anguish.