Therapists in Columbia, MO

Photo of Brian Bowles, LPC, PhD, Licensed Professional Counselor
Brian Bowles
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65201  (Online Only)
If you are caught in a rut or unsure how to get through a crisis in your life, working with me can be a spur to your personal growth. If your relationships are not where you want them to be, I can help you and your partner create the connection, understanding, and respect you want. If you've tried unsuccessfully to change a behavior, I can make a difference as someone with experience treating addictions and other compulsive behaviors. As a counselor, I can help you see what's getting in your way and learn what you can do to make the changes you want.
If you are caught in a rut or unsure how to get through a crisis in your life, working with me can be a spur to your personal growth. If your relationships are not where you want them to be, I can help you and your partner create the connection, understanding, and respect you want. If you've tried unsuccessfully to change a behavior, I can make a difference as someone with experience treating addictions and other compulsive behaviors. As a counselor, I can help you see what's getting in your way and learn what you can do to make the changes you want.
(573) 229-0763 View (573) 229-0763
Photo of Mia K Snyder, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Mia K Snyder
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65203
I believe relationships are central to our core being. Therapy is an opportunity for empowerment within ourselves and in our relationships. Whether it is the lack of support from our parents or our partners, unresolved trauma or PTSD, persistent anxiety or depression, or the desire to live more authentically with those closest to us, embarking on a path toward healing is a courageous first step. As you begin on this path, you will learn to communicate more authentically, feel more centered, and develop multiple ways of dealing with life’s challenges.
I believe relationships are central to our core being. Therapy is an opportunity for empowerment within ourselves and in our relationships. Whether it is the lack of support from our parents or our partners, unresolved trauma or PTSD, persistent anxiety or depression, or the desire to live more authentically with those closest to us, embarking on a path toward healing is a courageous first step. As you begin on this path, you will learn to communicate more authentically, feel more centered, and develop multiple ways of dealing with life’s challenges.
(573) 745-4037 View (573) 745-4037
Photo of Linda Pogo - Linda Pogo, LLC, MEd, LPC, CPC, YTT200, Licensed Professional Counselor
Linda Pogo, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, CPC, YTT200
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203  (Online Only)
I help you heal from the past, accept what is, and live life with intention. Relationship wounds can cause you to lose touch with parts of yourself. You can learn to reconnect with and heal those parts, become the source of your own self-love, self-acceptance, and self-worth. Through radical acceptance of self, others and the world, you can cultivate wisdom and compassion as an internal refuge. I can help you face what is painful and create intention for how you want to be in a world that is not always as you wish it to be. A sense of well-being and peace can be cultivated, even in the midst of chaos, loss and unwanted change.
I help you heal from the past, accept what is, and live life with intention. Relationship wounds can cause you to lose touch with parts of yourself. You can learn to reconnect with and heal those parts, become the source of your own self-love, self-acceptance, and self-worth. Through radical acceptance of self, others and the world, you can cultivate wisdom and compassion as an internal refuge. I can help you face what is painful and create intention for how you want to be in a world that is not always as you wish it to be. A sense of well-being and peace can be cultivated, even in the midst of chaos, loss and unwanted change.
(573) 340-9934 View (573) 340-9934
Photo of Kylie Hayes, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kylie Hayes
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
Healing can often be an intimidating process, but I am here to walk alongside you in this journey as we go into the messier, more complicated parts of life in a nonjudgemental way and safe space. If you are a person who often wonders what your meaning and purpose are; if you are feeling overwhelmed and unsure of where to go next; struggling with identity, relationships, or making meaningful connections in life, I am here to walk alongside you.
Healing can often be an intimidating process, but I am here to walk alongside you in this journey as we go into the messier, more complicated parts of life in a nonjudgemental way and safe space. If you are a person who often wonders what your meaning and purpose are; if you are feeling overwhelmed and unsure of where to go next; struggling with identity, relationships, or making meaningful connections in life, I am here to walk alongside you.
(573) 279-3737 View (573) 279-3737
Photo of Tara Freeman, MA, PLPC, NCC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Tara Freeman
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, PLPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
I am passionate about joining people where they are, hearing their stories, and helping them process pain, confusion, disappointment, and loss. Some of us want someone to sit with us and listen to our hidden life, while others want some help finding answers or guidance. All of us want and need a safe person to help us see ourselves and our situations a bit more clearly, without fear of judgement. It would be my honor to be that person for you.
I am passionate about joining people where they are, hearing their stories, and helping them process pain, confusion, disappointment, and loss. Some of us want someone to sit with us and listen to our hidden life, while others want some help finding answers or guidance. All of us want and need a safe person to help us see ourselves and our situations a bit more clearly, without fear of judgement. It would be my honor to be that person for you.
(573) 641-2529 View (573) 641-2529
Photo of Ada Gallup, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ada Gallup
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
My therapy style is solution focused, person-centered and holistic. I tailor my work with each client based upon each individual's specific needs, goals and interests. I do not believe that only one type of therapy will work for every client; therefore I use a blend of therapies in my work with each individual. I offer individual, family, co-parenting, play techniques, parent education and therapeutic supervised visits. My therapy office is welcoming and comfortable, which fosters the ability for individuals and families to feel safe as they explore their concerns and prepare to heal.
My therapy style is solution focused, person-centered and holistic. I tailor my work with each client based upon each individual's specific needs, goals and interests. I do not believe that only one type of therapy will work for every client; therefore I use a blend of therapies in my work with each individual. I offer individual, family, co-parenting, play techniques, parent education and therapeutic supervised visits. My therapy office is welcoming and comfortable, which fosters the ability for individuals and families to feel safe as they explore their concerns and prepare to heal.
(573) 677-4341 View (573) 677-4341
Photo of Rachel Sabulsky, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel Sabulsky
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65201
Whether you are working to better manage anxiety or depression, or are currently navigating life changes, I am here to help. I am passionate about helping clients better understand their ‘Self’ through strengthening their self-worth and recognizing their resiliency. In addition to working with teenagers 16+ and adults of all ages, I love working with local college students, especially since I graduated from Mizzou (M-I-Z) not overly long ago. I remember the stress, anxiety, and daily grind it takes to navigate college and am here to help you do the same!
Whether you are working to better manage anxiety or depression, or are currently navigating life changes, I am here to help. I am passionate about helping clients better understand their ‘Self’ through strengthening their self-worth and recognizing their resiliency. In addition to working with teenagers 16+ and adults of all ages, I love working with local college students, especially since I graduated from Mizzou (M-I-Z) not overly long ago. I remember the stress, anxiety, and daily grind it takes to navigate college and am here to help you do the same!
(573) 779-4597 View (573) 779-4597
Photo of Jennifer Campbell, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jennifer Campbell
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65203  (Online Only)
I am licensed as a Licensed Professional Counselor in Missouri with 15 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with coping with developmental disabilities, addictions, LGBT-related concerns, personality disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression. In the past I worked with youths and adults in both individual therapy and group therapy. Professionally I have worked and volunteered for youth shelter programs, youth LGBT organizations, substance abuse centers, drug court programs, community support agencies, psychiatric hospitals, as well as health insurance agencies.
I am licensed as a Licensed Professional Counselor in Missouri with 15 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with coping with developmental disabilities, addictions, LGBT-related concerns, personality disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression. In the past I worked with youths and adults in both individual therapy and group therapy. Professionally I have worked and volunteered for youth shelter programs, youth LGBT organizations, substance abuse centers, drug court programs, community support agencies, psychiatric hospitals, as well as health insurance agencies.
(573) 496-1162 View (573) 496-1162
Photo of Emily Barnes, PLPC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Emily Barnes
Pre-Licensed Professional, PLPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
College and entrance into adulthood is hard! You’re still figuring out who you are, what you want to do, and how you want to live. Maybe you find yourself struggling with friendships or dating relationships in ways you haven’t before. Or you might feel lost and confused about your identity and who you want to be. Maybe you’re realizing, potentially for the first time, that the way you grew up isn’t “normal” and isn’t what you actually needed or wanted. So many transitions and challenges are happening and you may feel ill-equipped to deal with them. Let me help you navigate the questions and obstacles you are currently facing.
College and entrance into adulthood is hard! You’re still figuring out who you are, what you want to do, and how you want to live. Maybe you find yourself struggling with friendships or dating relationships in ways you haven’t before. Or you might feel lost and confused about your identity and who you want to be. Maybe you’re realizing, potentially for the first time, that the way you grew up isn’t “normal” and isn’t what you actually needed or wanted. So many transitions and challenges are happening and you may feel ill-equipped to deal with them. Let me help you navigate the questions and obstacles you are currently facing.
(573) 538-3813 View (573) 538-3813
Photo of Patrick Kane, LCSW, DCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Patrick Kane
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, DCSW
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65201
Men, women, individual and relationship therapy. Dr. Pam Mauch and I created True Love Ways Relationship Success tools. We can teach you communication skills that will not only help you prevent destructive arguments, they will also help you enjoy a more safe loving relationship. Safety in relationships keeps people together. We developed these skills over the last thirty years working with couples and individuals. I specialize in working with men, women, couples, and families with adolescents. I have training, skills and experience working with addictions and codependency. The Men’s Support Group I started in 1994 still meets.
Men, women, individual and relationship therapy. Dr. Pam Mauch and I created True Love Ways Relationship Success tools. We can teach you communication skills that will not only help you prevent destructive arguments, they will also help you enjoy a more safe loving relationship. Safety in relationships keeps people together. We developed these skills over the last thirty years working with couples and individuals. I specialize in working with men, women, couples, and families with adolescents. I have training, skills and experience working with addictions and codependency. The Men’s Support Group I started in 1994 still meets.
(573) 245-1352 View (573) 245-1352
Photo of Julie R Heese - Quiet Waters Counseling, LMSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Quiet Waters Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
Welcome to Quiet Waters Counseling! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 30 years experience working with individuals and couples weathering the storms of life. For the past 16 years I've been working with veterans and families here in the Columbia MO area. I specialize in assisting clients with issues such as addictions, PTSD, physical and sexual trauma, anxiety and depression. I utilize evidence based therapies coupled with compassion, empathy and encouragement to assist clients in their journey of healing.
Welcome to Quiet Waters Counseling! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 30 years experience working with individuals and couples weathering the storms of life. For the past 16 years I've been working with veterans and families here in the Columbia MO area. I specialize in assisting clients with issues such as addictions, PTSD, physical and sexual trauma, anxiety and depression. I utilize evidence based therapies coupled with compassion, empathy and encouragement to assist clients in their journey of healing.
(573) 928-2766 View (573) 928-2766
Photo of Wendy Molitor, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Wendy Molitor
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65202
Not accepting new clients
I specialize in trauma, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, and emotion regulation difficulties. My goal is to go beyond the therapeutic relationship and assist individuals and families in developing understanding, lifelong skills, and a strong therapeutic web in their lives.
I specialize in trauma, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, and emotion regulation difficulties. My goal is to go beyond the therapeutic relationship and assist individuals and families in developing understanding, lifelong skills, and a strong therapeutic web in their lives.
(573) 577-3446 View (573) 577-3446
Photo of Eileen Odette Long, MSW, LCSW, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Eileen Odette Long
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LLC
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65203
As a licensed clinical social worker I provide therapy and partner with individuals and families helping them achieve their determined goals. I specialize in assisting clients who have experienced trauma, grief, addictions, anxiety, depression, crisis pregnancy, infertility, and adoption. From a 'strengths-based perspective', I support clients through a variety of treatment modalities to gain insight into how their thoughts and emotions impact behavior and how the past can affect the present and determine the future.
As a licensed clinical social worker I provide therapy and partner with individuals and families helping them achieve their determined goals. I specialize in assisting clients who have experienced trauma, grief, addictions, anxiety, depression, crisis pregnancy, infertility, and adoption. From a 'strengths-based perspective', I support clients through a variety of treatment modalities to gain insight into how their thoughts and emotions impact behavior and how the past can affect the present and determine the future.
(573) 267-4152 View (573) 267-4152
Photo of James B Hertel - James B. Hertel, Ph.D., LLC, PhD, Psychologist
James B. Hertel, Ph.D., LLC
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65201
I can help you achieve healthier relationships, more confidence, self understanding, and peace of mind. I have helped adults, college students and couples with support, understanding and answers for over 20 years. I am best suited to help people struggling with relationship problems, depression, anxiety, and chronic unhappiness. I have a depth of "real-world" experiences. I offer a FREE PHONE CONSULTATION. This is a one-time call in which I will provide suggestions how to help you! Accepting all insurance plans, credit and debit cards. Call 573-424-2605 or visit http://www.jimhertelphd.com.
I can help you achieve healthier relationships, more confidence, self understanding, and peace of mind. I have helped adults, college students and couples with support, understanding and answers for over 20 years. I am best suited to help people struggling with relationship problems, depression, anxiety, and chronic unhappiness. I have a depth of "real-world" experiences. I offer a FREE PHONE CONSULTATION. This is a one-time call in which I will provide suggestions how to help you! Accepting all insurance plans, credit and debit cards. Call 573-424-2605 or visit http://www.jimhertelphd.com.
(573) 535-5452 View (573) 535-5452
Photo of Christy Hutton, PhD, Psychologist
Christy Hutton
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65203
Choosing to live authentically is an act of courage. Life offers many opportunities to hide our true selves, sometimes even from oneself, often resulting in living far below our capacity. Taking steps to heal, recover, survive, or take life to the next level can be challenging on our own. We’ll work together to understand what you want in your life, what’s getting in the way, and how you can create opportunities to have more of what you want, empowering you to live courageously and authentically. I love working with many different concerns including anxiety, depression, sexuality, gender, parenting, and more.
Choosing to live authentically is an act of courage. Life offers many opportunities to hide our true selves, sometimes even from oneself, often resulting in living far below our capacity. Taking steps to heal, recover, survive, or take life to the next level can be challenging on our own. We’ll work together to understand what you want in your life, what’s getting in the way, and how you can create opportunities to have more of what you want, empowering you to live courageously and authentically. I love working with many different concerns including anxiety, depression, sexuality, gender, parenting, and more.
(573) 633-4061 x107 View (573) 633-4061 x107
Photo of Abbey Vandermillion, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Abbey Vandermillion
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
Now offering in person and virtual sessions for all ages (children, adolescents, and adults). Everyone deserves to have support in navigating challenging moments in their lives. I strive to aid clients in finding their own strengths and abilities to help them tackle and survive even the most difficult moments in their journey. I strive to make therapy a place of comfort, acceptance, and peace. My own experiences with navigating infant loss have instilled a passion in me to create a validating environment for all clients to explore their own emotions and needs safely.
Now offering in person and virtual sessions for all ages (children, adolescents, and adults). Everyone deserves to have support in navigating challenging moments in their lives. I strive to aid clients in finding their own strengths and abilities to help them tackle and survive even the most difficult moments in their journey. I strive to make therapy a place of comfort, acceptance, and peace. My own experiences with navigating infant loss have instilled a passion in me to create a validating environment for all clients to explore their own emotions and needs safely.
(573) 520-4679 View (573) 520-4679
Photo of Grace Danback, MSW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Grace Danback
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65203
My ideal client would be anyone who is open to exploring the therapy process and looking inward. I have a lot of clients who are challenging unhelpful beliefs, thoughts, and emotions to better their day to day lives. Anxiety, depression, relationship issues, and trauma experiences are common with my clients and we work together to manage symptoms and seek a broader understanding of these experiences.
My ideal client would be anyone who is open to exploring the therapy process and looking inward. I have a lot of clients who are challenging unhelpful beliefs, thoughts, and emotions to better their day to day lives. Anxiety, depression, relationship issues, and trauma experiences are common with my clients and we work together to manage symptoms and seek a broader understanding of these experiences.
(573) 400-0782 View (573) 400-0782
Photo of Amber Liponoga, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amber Liponoga
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65201  (Online Only)
As a Social Worker, I am interested in helping clients achieve optimal mental health and wellness through helping clients recognize and use their strengths while finding ways to tackle barriers and create lasting change. I love working with people who are motivated or just motivated to find their motivation.
As a Social Worker, I am interested in helping clients achieve optimal mental health and wellness through helping clients recognize and use their strengths while finding ways to tackle barriers and create lasting change. I love working with people who are motivated or just motivated to find their motivation.
(573) 591-3167 View (573) 591-3167
Photo of Caleb Cheavens, NCC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Caleb Cheavens
Licensed Professional Counselor, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65201
We often tell ourselves, "I should be able to handle this." Persistence has served us well in the past as we have built our careers, but sometimes our self-reliance becomes a burden as we find ourselves suffering in isolation. We don't think of asking for help until things become desperate. We may find we are avoiding our problems through substance use or doom-scrolling on TikTok. We want to feel good about work again, we want our relationships to bring us joy again. But we also may have stopped hoping our situation could get better, except on occasion when we privately dare to hope.
We often tell ourselves, "I should be able to handle this." Persistence has served us well in the past as we have built our careers, but sometimes our self-reliance becomes a burden as we find ourselves suffering in isolation. We don't think of asking for help until things become desperate. We may find we are avoiding our problems through substance use or doom-scrolling on TikTok. We want to feel good about work again, we want our relationships to bring us joy again. But we also may have stopped hoping our situation could get better, except on occasion when we privately dare to hope.
(573) 693-4046 View (573) 693-4046
Photo of Merri Copeland-Cook, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Merri Copeland-Cook
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65201  (Online Only)
Ready for a change? Trust me, I get it... Life is not always easy and never seems to go the way you planned. Not to mention, taking care of your mental health can be difficult for so many reasons. Maybe you have been stuck for a long time and are afraid to ask for help. Maybe you have a full plate dealing with all of life's responsibilities, with not enough time in the day. Or maybe you just don’t know where to start. Take comfort in knowing that you are not alone! Let’s talk about it and figure this thing out together.
Ready for a change? Trust me, I get it... Life is not always easy and never seems to go the way you planned. Not to mention, taking care of your mental health can be difficult for so many reasons. Maybe you have been stuck for a long time and are afraid to ask for help. Maybe you have a full plate dealing with all of life's responsibilities, with not enough time in the day. Or maybe you just don’t know where to start. Take comfort in knowing that you are not alone! Let’s talk about it and figure this thing out together.
(573) 464-3617 View (573) 464-3617
1
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Columbia, MO

300+

Average cost per session

$100

Therapists in Columbia, MO who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
83% Depression
71% Stress
66% Trauma and PTSD
65% Relationship Issues
63% Grief
61% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% Aetna
78% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
77% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Columbia, MO see their clients

54% In Person and Online
46% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
22% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Columbia?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.