Therapists in Middleburg Heights, OH

Photo of Rachel Pollack-Rincon, LISW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel Pollack-Rincon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
Right now it may be hard to imagine a place of ease or emotional stability, much less the possibility of lightness and joy. You may feel that the events that have marked your life, whether stifling, painful or traumatic, will always have the power to define you. As a therapist, I am here to help you see that they won't. Together we will discover the ways in which you can move beyond limitations, often by tapping into your own unrecognized wisdom. I have helped individual clients move through challenges such as life transitions, grief, loss, health issues, parenting struggles, long-term relationship and marital crisis.
Right now it may be hard to imagine a place of ease or emotional stability, much less the possibility of lightness and joy. You may feel that the events that have marked your life, whether stifling, painful or traumatic, will always have the power to define you. As a therapist, I am here to help you see that they won't. Together we will discover the ways in which you can move beyond limitations, often by tapping into your own unrecognized wisdom. I have helped individual clients move through challenges such as life transitions, grief, loss, health issues, parenting struggles, long-term relationship and marital crisis.
(216) 340-9763 View (216) 340-9763
Photo of Hannah McDonald, MA, IMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Hannah McDonald
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, IMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
Say you found yourself at a fork in the road. Do you pick a) the path that feels best in the moment; b) choose a path based on perceived future benefits or consequences; or c) furiously yell at your phone’s navigation for not giving you a heads up about the upcoming choice? Life is full of forked paths and these choices can sometimes dictate the route our life takes, who we become, and the people we meet along the way. We can also leave behind parts of ourselves because those parts may be too heavy to carry or too vulnerable for us to take with us. We might even wonder if we picked the correct path in our relationships or career.
Say you found yourself at a fork in the road. Do you pick a) the path that feels best in the moment; b) choose a path based on perceived future benefits or consequences; or c) furiously yell at your phone’s navigation for not giving you a heads up about the upcoming choice? Life is full of forked paths and these choices can sometimes dictate the route our life takes, who we become, and the people we meet along the way. We can also leave behind parts of ourselves because those parts may be too heavy to carry or too vulnerable for us to take with us. We might even wonder if we picked the correct path in our relationships or career.
(440) 557-3376 View (440) 557-3376
Photo of Maryann Omalloy, LPCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Maryann Omalloy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130  (Online Only)
I'm MaryAnn Marla O'Malloy. I received my master's in counseling from Xavier University in 1991 and hold a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC-S) license and Licensed Independent Chemical Dependency Counselor (LICDC-CS) in Ohio. I am obtaining my endorsement in disordered gambling and certification from WPATH. I have worked in the field for over 35 years. I approach each session with support and compassion. I use Motivational Interviewing to reach issues. I offer EMDR for trauma and DBT for mindfulness and emotional regulation.
I'm MaryAnn Marla O'Malloy. I received my master's in counseling from Xavier University in 1991 and hold a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC-S) license and Licensed Independent Chemical Dependency Counselor (LICDC-CS) in Ohio. I am obtaining my endorsement in disordered gambling and certification from WPATH. I have worked in the field for over 35 years. I approach each session with support and compassion. I use Motivational Interviewing to reach issues. I offer EMDR for trauma and DBT for mindfulness and emotional regulation.
(440) 577-5694 View (440) 577-5694
Photo of Baylee Swank, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Baylee Swank
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
Everyone deserves the chance to heal and become their best self. I want to help support you on that journey. Together we will see the challenging impacts on your life and how those are showing up for you today. I want to help you rediscover your voice and help you remember that you are enough. I believe in an empowerment lens and use that in my approach when working with individuals. I am identity-affirming and trauma-informed in my practice.
Everyone deserves the chance to heal and become their best self. I want to help support you on that journey. Together we will see the challenging impacts on your life and how those are showing up for you today. I want to help you rediscover your voice and help you remember that you are enough. I believe in an empowerment lens and use that in my approach when working with individuals. I am identity-affirming and trauma-informed in my practice.
(440) 271-5839 View (440) 271-5839
Photo of Skylar Bukszar, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Skylar Bukszar
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
Everyone deserves to feel a sense of peace and happiness in their lives. As we all know, life tends to have other plans that can make that peace and happiness feel out of reach. As your therapist, my priority is to join you on that journey of discovery. Whether it is anxiety taking over, unresolved conflicts in your relationships, learning more about your emotions, or wanting a stronger relationship with your spouse or child, I want to join you on this journey through collaboration. As a couple and family therapist, I welcome couples, families, and individuals who are committed to growth.
Everyone deserves to feel a sense of peace and happiness in their lives. As we all know, life tends to have other plans that can make that peace and happiness feel out of reach. As your therapist, my priority is to join you on that journey of discovery. Whether it is anxiety taking over, unresolved conflicts in your relationships, learning more about your emotions, or wanting a stronger relationship with your spouse or child, I want to join you on this journey through collaboration. As a couple and family therapist, I welcome couples, families, and individuals who are committed to growth.
(440) 671-7471 View (440) 671-7471
Photo of Christina Wynkoop, LPCC
Christina Wynkoop
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
My name is Christina Wynkoop. I am a licensed professional clinical counselor in Ohio with over 14 years of experience. I have had experience and training in working with clients who have a history of trauma, depression, anxiety, childhood disorders, teenage issues, and family systems. My counseling style is eclectic, but primarily CBT, or TF-CBT. I have also used person-centered. I believe in empowering clients to make the best decision for themselves while helping them look at all angles. I believe in being respectful of differences and doing my best to meet clients where they are.
My name is Christina Wynkoop. I am a licensed professional clinical counselor in Ohio with over 14 years of experience. I have had experience and training in working with clients who have a history of trauma, depression, anxiety, childhood disorders, teenage issues, and family systems. My counseling style is eclectic, but primarily CBT, or TF-CBT. I have also used person-centered. I believe in empowering clients to make the best decision for themselves while helping them look at all angles. I believe in being respectful of differences and doing my best to meet clients where they are.
(440) 689-2139 View (440) 689-2139
Photo of Liz Hiros, MA, IMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Liz Hiros
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, IMFT
Verified Verified
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
All of us have experienced challenging times in our lives. It’s natural to want to seek out help for those times. My unique training has equipped me to work with children, adults, couples, and families. Although I cannot “fix” the issues at hand, we can work together to figure out what is already working for you and build upon those skills and tools. I believe that you have already started to put in the work to create change the moment you sought out therapy.
All of us have experienced challenging times in our lives. It’s natural to want to seek out help for those times. My unique training has equipped me to work with children, adults, couples, and families. Although I cannot “fix” the issues at hand, we can work together to figure out what is already working for you and build upon those skills and tools. I believe that you have already started to put in the work to create change the moment you sought out therapy.
(440) 616-7427 View (440) 616-7427
Photo of Jaclyn Welder, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jaclyn Welder
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
I offer phone/online sessions. At times in each of our lives we are faced with difficult experiences which feel overwhelming. Whether it is difficulties with relationships, or problems related to your career. As each person is unique and each situation is unique I do not have a cookie cutter approach to counseling. My approach to counseling is client-focused and direct. I offer a warm, welcoming, and nonjudgmental place for clients to explore their emotions.
I offer phone/online sessions. At times in each of our lives we are faced with difficult experiences which feel overwhelming. Whether it is difficulties with relationships, or problems related to your career. As each person is unique and each situation is unique I do not have a cookie cutter approach to counseling. My approach to counseling is client-focused and direct. I offer a warm, welcoming, and nonjudgmental place for clients to explore their emotions.
(440) 424-4675 View (440) 424-4675
Photo of Jennifer L Quellos, LSW, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jennifer L Quellos
Licensed Professional Counselor, LSW, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
It is my goal to help my clients feel empowered and supported. I am dedicated to creating a safe, non-judgmental, and supportive environment so my clients can feel comfortable sharing any struggles they are experiencing and helping them grow through the process. I am passionate about helping my clients make positive changes through working with each client based on their individual needs and desires. I use a person-centered approach with elements of Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Solution Focused Therapy, and Mindfulness in counseling to assist clients with a variety of mental health issues
It is my goal to help my clients feel empowered and supported. I am dedicated to creating a safe, non-judgmental, and supportive environment so my clients can feel comfortable sharing any struggles they are experiencing and helping them grow through the process. I am passionate about helping my clients make positive changes through working with each client based on their individual needs and desires. I use a person-centered approach with elements of Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Solution Focused Therapy, and Mindfulness in counseling to assist clients with a variety of mental health issues
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Photo of Mary Beth Catullo, LSW , MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mary Beth Catullo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW , MSW
Verified Verified
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
Acknowledging the need and following through with setting up an appointment for therapy is a difficult first and second step for anyone. I come from a background of empathy and truly believe in forming a trusting relationship is what makes finding a good fit for therapy. My job is to assist in setting goals for developing more self-confidence, having all kinds of relationships, finding support, validation, understanding and working through current symptoms. I have experience from children and adolescents, all the way to aging adults. I look forward to meeting you!
Acknowledging the need and following through with setting up an appointment for therapy is a difficult first and second step for anyone. I come from a background of empathy and truly believe in forming a trusting relationship is what makes finding a good fit for therapy. My job is to assist in setting goals for developing more self-confidence, having all kinds of relationships, finding support, validation, understanding and working through current symptoms. I have experience from children and adolescents, all the way to aging adults. I look forward to meeting you!
(440) 754-7266 View (440) 754-7266
Photo of Holly Higgs, LCP, Psychologist
Holly Higgs
Psychologist, LCP
Verified Verified
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
Hello! My name is Holly Higgs. I am a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) licensed in the state of Ohio. My therapeutic approach is Cognitive Behavioral and Solution-Focused. I have worked with children and adults on a variety of therapeutic issues. I am straightforward and empathic in my communication style. I strive to connect with clients based on work and life experience.
Hello! My name is Holly Higgs. I am a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) licensed in the state of Ohio. My therapeutic approach is Cognitive Behavioral and Solution-Focused. I have worked with children and adults on a variety of therapeutic issues. I am straightforward and empathic in my communication style. I strive to connect with clients based on work and life experience.
(440) 577-5475 View (440) 577-5475
Photo of Jharie D. Parker, LPCC-S, Counselor
Jharie D. Parker
Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
These days, there seems more and more to be anxious about and hope can feel scarce. Between societal issues, racial trauma, the pressures of “adulting”, and navigating challenging relationships, we all need a safe space. Counseling can be that safe space. If you are ready to cultivate an improved quality of life, healthier relationships, or if you just need support dealing with life’s challenges, I’m here to journey with you. I’m passionate about hearing people’s stories and helping to create meaning. Additionally, if you are a counselor looking to develop professionally, I offer clinical supervision.
These days, there seems more and more to be anxious about and hope can feel scarce. Between societal issues, racial trauma, the pressures of “adulting”, and navigating challenging relationships, we all need a safe space. Counseling can be that safe space. If you are ready to cultivate an improved quality of life, healthier relationships, or if you just need support dealing with life’s challenges, I’m here to journey with you. I’m passionate about hearing people’s stories and helping to create meaning. Additionally, if you are a counselor looking to develop professionally, I offer clinical supervision.
(440) 262-5937 View (440) 262-5937
Photo of Deborah Ornowski, PCC-S, LICDC, SAP, Counselor
Deborah Ornowski
Counselor, PCC-S, LICDC, SAP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
In spite of your best efforts, life can sometimes overwhelm you. Whether problems are recent or longstanding, I can help. My 20 years in the profession has afforded me knowledge and experience with a broad range of issues. My practice emphasizes the resolution to everyday problems. We will explore obstacles to growth and development and uncover inner strengths that can be applied to personal and professional relationships.
In spite of your best efforts, life can sometimes overwhelm you. Whether problems are recent or longstanding, I can help. My 20 years in the profession has afforded me knowledge and experience with a broad range of issues. My practice emphasizes the resolution to everyday problems. We will explore obstacles to growth and development and uncover inner strengths that can be applied to personal and professional relationships.
(440) 809-8058 View (440) 809-8058
Photo of Spencer Kline, MA, LPCC, ASAT, Counselor
Spencer Kline
Counselor, MA, LPCC, ASAT
Verified Verified
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
Thanks for checking out my page! My area of specialty is treating sex addiction. I offer five-day intensive groups as well as individual sessions. My therapeutic approach is centered on connecting with clients, giving them the opportunity to share their story, and ultimately equipping and empowering them to change the narrative of their story in a way that will help them to thrive. I find it particularly rewarding to create a space where those who feel unheard can truly find their voice. Connection, authenticity, and vulnerability are foundational in the way I relate to clients.
Thanks for checking out my page! My area of specialty is treating sex addiction. I offer five-day intensive groups as well as individual sessions. My therapeutic approach is centered on connecting with clients, giving them the opportunity to share their story, and ultimately equipping and empowering them to change the narrative of their story in a way that will help them to thrive. I find it particularly rewarding to create a space where those who feel unheard can truly find their voice. Connection, authenticity, and vulnerability are foundational in the way I relate to clients.
(440) 616-7143 View (440) 616-7143
Photo of Halley Woodward, PsyD, Psychologist
Halley Woodward
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130  (Online Only)
I am Halley Woodward PhD (she/her), a licensed clinical psychologist with nearly a decade's worth of experience helping community adults, college students, and veterans overcome life's challenges to connect with and build their lives around what matters most to them. I specialize in evidence-based, cognitive-behavioral, and mindfulness-based therapeutic approaches for trauma, depression, and anxiety.
I am Halley Woodward PhD (she/her), a licensed clinical psychologist with nearly a decade's worth of experience helping community adults, college students, and veterans overcome life's challenges to connect with and build their lives around what matters most to them. I specialize in evidence-based, cognitive-behavioral, and mindfulness-based therapeutic approaches for trauma, depression, and anxiety.
(440) 273-7685 View (440) 273-7685
Photo of Tiffany Huskins, LSW
Tiffany Huskins
Licensed Social Worker, LSW
Verified Verified
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
I believe in the power of self-discovery and personal growth. Navigating the complexities of adolescence and adulthood can be challenging. I specialize in working with individuals in this critical life stage, providing guidance, support, and a compassionate space for self-exploration. Specializing in trauma-informed care, I work with clients to address a range of concerns, including: Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, Grief and Loss, and Women's Issues. By utilizing proven therapeutic techniques, I aim to provide effective and tailored interventions for individuals seeking support.
I believe in the power of self-discovery and personal growth. Navigating the complexities of adolescence and adulthood can be challenging. I specialize in working with individuals in this critical life stage, providing guidance, support, and a compassionate space for self-exploration. Specializing in trauma-informed care, I work with clients to address a range of concerns, including: Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, Grief and Loss, and Women's Issues. By utilizing proven therapeutic techniques, I aim to provide effective and tailored interventions for individuals seeking support.
(440) 762-6157 View (440) 762-6157
Cheryl Harstine
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
I am passionate about working to connect with clients from all walks of life. I know how difficult finding a balance in work and home life can be, as I navigate being a wife and a mother to an energetic child. With my clients I focus on providing a safe space for each individual to express and honor their voice to help establish and reconnect with each client’s own voice to honor your story and regain a better understanding of self with compassion. I received MS in Counseling &Art Therapy from Ursuline College. In 15 years, including in Cleveland Clinic hospitals, I have been inspired by my clients’ resilience even in dark times.
I am passionate about working to connect with clients from all walks of life. I know how difficult finding a balance in work and home life can be, as I navigate being a wife and a mother to an energetic child. With my clients I focus on providing a safe space for each individual to express and honor their voice to help establish and reconnect with each client’s own voice to honor your story and regain a better understanding of self with compassion. I received MS in Counseling &Art Therapy from Ursuline College. In 15 years, including in Cleveland Clinic hospitals, I have been inspired by my clients’ resilience even in dark times.
(440) 740-3688 View (440) 740-3688
Photo of Karla Seese, LSW
Karla Seese
Licensed Social Worker, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
I’m a dedicated licensed therapist passionate about supporting individuals on their journey towards emotional well-being and personal growth. With a genuine commitment to fostering a supportive and collaborative therapeutic relationship, I strive to create a space where clients feel heard, understood, and empowered to make positive changes in their lives.
I’m a dedicated licensed therapist passionate about supporting individuals on their journey towards emotional well-being and personal growth. With a genuine commitment to fostering a supportive and collaborative therapeutic relationship, I strive to create a space where clients feel heard, understood, and empowered to make positive changes in their lives.
(440) 703-6525 View (440) 703-6525
Photo of Amy Smitke, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amy Smitke
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130  (Online Only)
Hello, my name is Amy Smitke, LISW-S, LICDC. I approach therapy like a conversation. I hope to be comfortable and build a strong trust in order to address the needs of the clients. I am casual and low-key. I want people to feel comfortable, not judged so that they can show up as their authentic selves as I do. I have wanted to be a therapist since I was in the 5th grade. I have always had a passion for helping others and having a comforting ear to others and it was a natural fit for me. And here I am, many years later.
Hello, my name is Amy Smitke, LISW-S, LICDC. I approach therapy like a conversation. I hope to be comfortable and build a strong trust in order to address the needs of the clients. I am casual and low-key. I want people to feel comfortable, not judged so that they can show up as their authentic selves as I do. I have wanted to be a therapist since I was in the 5th grade. I have always had a passion for helping others and having a comforting ear to others and it was a natural fit for me. And here I am, many years later.
(440) 797-3665 View (440) 797-3665
Photo of Michael Misja - North Coast Family Foundation, PhD, Psychologist
North Coast Family Foundation
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Middleburg Heights, OH 44130
Your faith is important to you. Competent psychological counseling is also valuable to you. This is why my brother, Chuck, and I started North Coast Family Foundation thirty-four years ago. We have developed a practice that understands depression, anxiety, and relational problems from a Biblical Perspective. Yet we are thoroughly immersed in the best techniques psychology and counseling have to offer. There is hope. You don’t have to journey alone.
Your faith is important to you. Competent psychological counseling is also valuable to you. This is why my brother, Chuck, and I started North Coast Family Foundation thirty-four years ago. We have developed a practice that understands depression, anxiety, and relational problems from a Biblical Perspective. Yet we are thoroughly immersed in the best techniques psychology and counseling have to offer. There is hope. You don’t have to journey alone.
(855) 669-1848 View (855) 669-1848
1

See more therapy options for Middleburg Heights

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Middleburg Heights, OH

80+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Middleburg Heights, OH who prioritize treating:

90% Depression
90% Anxiety
77% Coping Skills
76% Self Esteem
70% Relationship Issues
67% Stress
63% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

7 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

99% Aetna
91% BlueCross and BlueShield
91% Medical Mutual

How Therapists in Middleburg Heights, OH see their clients

85% In Person and Online
15% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
22% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Middleburg Heights?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.