Therapists in California

View cities and counties in California
Photo of Ellen Louisa LeMauviel, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Ellen Louisa LeMauviel
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903  (Online Only)
You know that you have meaningful gifts to offer, but that potential can feel hard to reach. You get by as best you can, but you wonder how other people do it- meet the needs of family, communities, and larger collectives while also creating space to tend to grief, fear, inspiration, and deeper wells of being. You have grown through many of life’s challenges. But this threshold of life is one that calls for more support. Life is impermanent, what you do with it matters, and there’s no time to waste not getting the care you need to be who you came here to be.
You know that you have meaningful gifts to offer, but that potential can feel hard to reach. You get by as best you can, but you wonder how other people do it- meet the needs of family, communities, and larger collectives while also creating space to tend to grief, fear, inspiration, and deeper wells of being. You have grown through many of life’s challenges. But this threshold of life is one that calls for more support. Life is impermanent, what you do with it matters, and there’s no time to waste not getting the care you need to be who you came here to be.
(510) 662-0743 View (510) 662-0743
Photo of Robert Padilla, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Robert Padilla
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santa Clara, CA 95051
Hello, my name is Robert Padilla and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Los Angeles, California working with clients statewide via telehealth. I work with adults and I specialize in anxiety, depression, and grief and loss using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to help my clients make progress and meet their specific therapeutic goals.
Hello, my name is Robert Padilla and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Los Angeles, California working with clients statewide via telehealth. I work with adults and I specialize in anxiety, depression, and grief and loss using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to help my clients make progress and meet their specific therapeutic goals.
(510) 491-9520 View (510) 491-9520
Photo of Kirsten M Bauer, PsyD, Psychologist
Kirsten M Bauer
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94118
As a child and adult therapist I am fortunate to witness the entire developmental span. With this unique window into the lifespan, I help children, parents, adults and couples gain insight into the patterns being created and already created in the mind of how they relate to and with the world i.e.how they relate to themselves and others. By first developing a safe and respectful relationship with my patients, we can begin to understand and uncover these complicated yet reflexive patterns that at some point served them, by protecting their self integrity, but along the way began to cause more harm then good.
As a child and adult therapist I am fortunate to witness the entire developmental span. With this unique window into the lifespan, I help children, parents, adults and couples gain insight into the patterns being created and already created in the mind of how they relate to and with the world i.e.how they relate to themselves and others. By first developing a safe and respectful relationship with my patients, we can begin to understand and uncover these complicated yet reflexive patterns that at some point served them, by protecting their self integrity, but along the way began to cause more harm then good.
(415) 304-8860 View (415) 304-8860
Photo of Danielle Austin, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Danielle Austin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Riverside, CA 92509  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Welcome, I am here to support your strengths and goals while utilizing evidence-based practice to assist you on your journey through life. My goal is to develop an open and genuine relationship so that my clients have a safe space to process and grow. I am experienced in working with Depression, Anxiety, PTSD, BiPolar, and personality disorders. I am currently available for Telehealth in California via PATH Mental Health (pathmentalhealth.com).
Welcome, I am here to support your strengths and goals while utilizing evidence-based practice to assist you on your journey through life. My goal is to develop an open and genuine relationship so that my clients have a safe space to process and grow. I am experienced in working with Depression, Anxiety, PTSD, BiPolar, and personality disorders. I am currently available for Telehealth in California via PATH Mental Health (pathmentalhealth.com).
(951) 724-3197 View (951) 724-3197
Photo of Dr. Alisha Saxena, PsyD, MS, MA, Psychologist
Dr. Alisha Saxena
Psychologist, PsyD, MS, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
We all have moments of feeling isolated and “stuck.” This can stem from the difference between what your life looks like now and how you would like it to be. The stress of this disconnection can seep into all aspects of your world: socially withdrawing or getting into more arguments can lead to depression and relationship conflict. You might feel like what you do is never “good enough,” increasing anxiety. You might hide your stress by focusing on what you can control, particularly after traumatic events. Therapy can help bring back joy and spontaneity into your life, helping you feel more fulfilled and energized.
We all have moments of feeling isolated and “stuck.” This can stem from the difference between what your life looks like now and how you would like it to be. The stress of this disconnection can seep into all aspects of your world: socially withdrawing or getting into more arguments can lead to depression and relationship conflict. You might feel like what you do is never “good enough,” increasing anxiety. You might hide your stress by focusing on what you can control, particularly after traumatic events. Therapy can help bring back joy and spontaneity into your life, helping you feel more fulfilled and energized.
(415) 449-9588 View (415) 449-9588
Photo of Inna Zelikman - Inna Zelikman PMH-NP, PMH-NP
Inna Zelikman PMH-NP
PMH-NP
Verified Verified
Mill Valley, CA 94941
Inna Zelikman, PMH-NP, Ecotherapist and psychedelic integration therapist. I am Certified in Somatic Trauma Therapy and Internal Family Systems (IFS). I also hold a Certificate in Psychedelic-Assisted Therapies and Research through MAPS. I offer Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy (KAP). Are you someone who has been struggling with unresolved trauma or unprocessed grief? Do you feel stuck in old patterns despite years of therapy? Through somatic therapy and KAP I help clients get in touch with their feelings and to release any trapped emotions. These technics help with regulation of nervous system that is needed to process trauma.
Inna Zelikman, PMH-NP, Ecotherapist and psychedelic integration therapist. I am Certified in Somatic Trauma Therapy and Internal Family Systems (IFS). I also hold a Certificate in Psychedelic-Assisted Therapies and Research through MAPS. I offer Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy (KAP). Are you someone who has been struggling with unresolved trauma or unprocessed grief? Do you feel stuck in old patterns despite years of therapy? Through somatic therapy and KAP I help clients get in touch with their feelings and to release any trapped emotions. These technics help with regulation of nervous system that is needed to process trauma.
(628) 214-2296 View (628) 214-2296
Photo of Alex Schmidt, PsyD, Psychologist
Alex Schmidt
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91104
In my private practice, I treat issues of anxiety and panic, past trauma, and sexual dysfunction. While our past can sometimes weigh down our present, my clients and I work together to address, process, and move through issues that might hold them back. Identifying emotions, connecting them to the body, and developing resources to endure the more difficult experiences of life is a primary focus of our collaborative work.
In my private practice, I treat issues of anxiety and panic, past trauma, and sexual dysfunction. While our past can sometimes weigh down our present, my clients and I work together to address, process, and move through issues that might hold them back. Identifying emotions, connecting them to the body, and developing resources to endure the more difficult experiences of life is a primary focus of our collaborative work.
(323) 613-3141 View (323) 613-3141
Photo of Brianna Evans, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brianna Evans
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Orange, CA 92868
Brianna Evans is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, who has been practicing at LifeStance Health since 2020. She graduated from California State University, Fullerton with a Master's Degree in Social Work and has over 7 years of experience in both inpatient and outpatient settings with the adult and older adult population. Brianna believes in a strength-based, holistic approach that incorporates the individuals's self-awareness and personal growth.
Brianna Evans is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, who has been practicing at LifeStance Health since 2020. She graduated from California State University, Fullerton with a Master's Degree in Social Work and has over 7 years of experience in both inpatient and outpatient settings with the adult and older adult population. Brianna believes in a strength-based, holistic approach that incorporates the individuals's self-awareness and personal growth.
(657) 837-3861 View (657) 837-3861
Photo of Christine Kurata, LMFT, ATR-BC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Christine Kurata
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91106  (Online Only)
In all phases of life, we face constant change and unexpected circumstances. Even for those who are strongly independent and resilient, life can be overwhelming at times. Therapy can be a space to explore the parts of life that feel uncertain and unmanageable, and identify where you want to go from here. Building the foundation for growth in therapy starts by creating a safe, genuine space where people can feel heard, understood, and valued for the person they are. I believe that people can foster long-term growth through understanding their journey, connecting with their true emotions, and empowering choice with authenticity.
In all phases of life, we face constant change and unexpected circumstances. Even for those who are strongly independent and resilient, life can be overwhelming at times. Therapy can be a space to explore the parts of life that feel uncertain and unmanageable, and identify where you want to go from here. Building the foundation for growth in therapy starts by creating a safe, genuine space where people can feel heard, understood, and valued for the person they are. I believe that people can foster long-term growth through understanding their journey, connecting with their true emotions, and empowering choice with authenticity.
(626) 314-5894 View (626) 314-5894
Photo of Crystal Saidi, PsyD, Psychologist
Crystal Saidi
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Tustin, CA 92780
My goal is to create a safe space where clients can explore and process their concerns free of judgment. I enjoy working with and learning from clients from all backgrounds and cultures. As an Iranian-American woman, I especially enjoy working with and have extensive experience working with the Iranian-American population.
My goal is to create a safe space where clients can explore and process their concerns free of judgment. I enjoy working with and learning from clients from all backgrounds and cultures. As an Iranian-American woman, I especially enjoy working with and have extensive experience working with the Iranian-American population.
(949) 693-7670 View (949) 693-7670
Photo of Emily Lefkowitz, PhD, Psychologist
Emily Lefkowitz
Psychologist, PhD
Not Verified Not Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90024
Providing optimal care requires the capacity for humble self-reflection, the willingness to shift gears when needed, and the creativity to approach problems in unexpected ways. One of my primary goals as a therapist is to constantly question and re-evaluate my own perceptions, intuition, and clinical judgment. I specialize in treating adolescents and adults with eating disorders, relationship issues, depression, and anxiety disorders. Broadly trained in dialectical behavioral, cognitive, behavioral, and psychodynamic treatments models, as well as specific empirically supported interventions, I strive to address each individual's needs with the appropriate clinical approach.
Providing optimal care requires the capacity for humble self-reflection, the willingness to shift gears when needed, and the creativity to approach problems in unexpected ways. One of my primary goals as a therapist is to constantly question and re-evaluate my own perceptions, intuition, and clinical judgment. I specialize in treating adolescents and adults with eating disorders, relationship issues, depression, and anxiety disorders. Broadly trained in dialectical behavioral, cognitive, behavioral, and psychodynamic treatments models, as well as specific empirically supported interventions, I strive to address each individual's needs with the appropriate clinical approach.
(424) 294-8891 View (424) 294-8891
Photo of Rosie Saucedo, MS, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Rosie Saucedo
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MFT
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Costa Mesa, CA 92626
I respect the vulnerability and courage it takes to make that first call for help. Navigating through life's struggles can be challenging and leave you feeling confused, frustrated and alone. I invite you to consider what life would be like not having to stay stuck in the place of PAIN and moving toward lasting WELLNESS. Change IS possible, healing IS attainable! YOU hold the key to where change CAN happen; together we can remove the obstacles that are hindering your growth. I offer an honest and caring approach to psychotherapy for Individuals, Couples, and Families.
I respect the vulnerability and courage it takes to make that first call for help. Navigating through life's struggles can be challenging and leave you feeling confused, frustrated and alone. I invite you to consider what life would be like not having to stay stuck in the place of PAIN and moving toward lasting WELLNESS. Change IS possible, healing IS attainable! YOU hold the key to where change CAN happen; together we can remove the obstacles that are hindering your growth. I offer an honest and caring approach to psychotherapy for Individuals, Couples, and Families.
(949) 381-1446 View (949) 381-1446
Photo of Alina Sala, LPCC
Alina Sala
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Manteca, CA 95337
Hi there, I'm Alina! My name is Alina Avila Sala and I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) based in Sacramento, CA and working with clients statewide via telehealth. My client population & specialty focus I have found that my style and approach is a good fit for adults and young adults who may be dealing with the challenges of life transitions and social pressures. This often takes the form of anxiety, depression, stress, and eating disorders. I work to help my clients navigate these transition periods and to build skills to allow them to feel better about themselves and develop a more positive outlook on life.
Hi there, I'm Alina! My name is Alina Avila Sala and I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) based in Sacramento, CA and working with clients statewide via telehealth. My client population & specialty focus I have found that my style and approach is a good fit for adults and young adults who may be dealing with the challenges of life transitions and social pressures. This often takes the form of anxiety, depression, stress, and eating disorders. I work to help my clients navigate these transition periods and to build skills to allow them to feel better about themselves and develop a more positive outlook on life.
(209) 354-3091 View (209) 354-3091
Photo of Dana Furuyama, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dana Furuyama
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90024  (Online Only)
I rely on an intersectional trauma informed lens to approach the concerns you want to explore. I utilize a combination of interventions including Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution-Focused therapy, mindfulness exercises, and creative expression to support clients in deepening their wellness journey.
I rely on an intersectional trauma informed lens to approach the concerns you want to explore. I utilize a combination of interventions including Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution-Focused therapy, mindfulness exercises, and creative expression to support clients in deepening their wellness journey.
(310) 317-7032 View (310) 317-7032
Photo of Rebecca Hahn-Hooten, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Rebecca Hahn-Hooten
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95834
Hello, and thank you for taking the time to find out if I am the therapist to help YOU! In a telehealth private setting, with a nonjudgmental and hopeful approach to therapy, we can comfortably explore the sources of your stress, change destructive behaviors, and the root of negative thought patterns for personal relief, relationship interactions, and overall life improvement. I am experienced in assessment, diagnosis, and treatment to help those, like you, who are struggling to attain a more acceptable, satisfying, and productive life.
Hello, and thank you for taking the time to find out if I am the therapist to help YOU! In a telehealth private setting, with a nonjudgmental and hopeful approach to therapy, we can comfortably explore the sources of your stress, change destructive behaviors, and the root of negative thought patterns for personal relief, relationship interactions, and overall life improvement. I am experienced in assessment, diagnosis, and treatment to help those, like you, who are struggling to attain a more acceptable, satisfying, and productive life.
(530) 489-4867 View (530) 489-4867
Photo of Kendall Stewart, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kendall Stewart
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92108
Hi there, I’m excited to connect with you. I have the privilege of working with children, women, families, and mothers. If you or your loved ones are dealing with anxiety, depression, or trauma, you’re in the right place. My goal is to provide a safe, supportive environment where you can explore, learn, and develop the skills to overcome these challenges. Together, we will go on a journey of healing and self-discovery. Whether seeking peace, building resilience, or strengthening relationships, I’m here to guide you towards a brighter, healthier future. It’s an honor to support you.
Hi there, I’m excited to connect with you. I have the privilege of working with children, women, families, and mothers. If you or your loved ones are dealing with anxiety, depression, or trauma, you’re in the right place. My goal is to provide a safe, supportive environment where you can explore, learn, and develop the skills to overcome these challenges. Together, we will go on a journey of healing and self-discovery. Whether seeking peace, building resilience, or strengthening relationships, I’m here to guide you towards a brighter, healthier future. It’s an honor to support you.
(619) 304-9429 View (619) 304-9429
Photo of Kelsey Houck, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kelsey Houck
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Simi Valley, CA 93063
Life can be tough, and it’s okay to seek support. If you're feeling overwhelmed by life's challenges, grappling with anxiety or depression, or facing a significant life transition, you’re not alone. Whether this is your first time seeking therapy or you’re looking to restart your therapy journey, I’m here to help and support you. I understand that starting therapy can be a difficult but also an incredibly brave step. I am here to provide a safe and welcoming space where you can reflect on those feelings and thoughts you might have never shared with anyone before or have set aside.
Life can be tough, and it’s okay to seek support. If you're feeling overwhelmed by life's challenges, grappling with anxiety or depression, or facing a significant life transition, you’re not alone. Whether this is your first time seeking therapy or you’re looking to restart your therapy journey, I’m here to help and support you. I understand that starting therapy can be a difficult but also an incredibly brave step. I am here to provide a safe and welcoming space where you can reflect on those feelings and thoughts you might have never shared with anyone before or have set aside.
(805) 628-4518 x1 View (805) 628-4518 x1
Photo of Karen R Corey, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Karen R Corey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Torrance, CA 90505
Sometimes, when faced with many of life's challenges, we can find it difficult to reach out. Often fear or shame get in the way of asking for help. But there is hope. Working with a therapist, you can begin to feel validated and discover that you are not alone. Do you have a fear of abandonment or fear of intimacy? One or the other can mean you're either a Love Addict or Love Avoidant. I can teach you how to love yourself instead of looking for it in someone else, and bring down your walls and be relational.
Sometimes, when faced with many of life's challenges, we can find it difficult to reach out. Often fear or shame get in the way of asking for help. But there is hope. Working with a therapist, you can begin to feel validated and discover that you are not alone. Do you have a fear of abandonment or fear of intimacy? One or the other can mean you're either a Love Addict or Love Avoidant. I can teach you how to love yourself instead of looking for it in someone else, and bring down your walls and be relational.
(310) 499-2652 View (310) 499-2652
Photo of Rosalind M Daniel, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Rosalind M Daniel
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Benicia, CA 94510  (Online Only)
Welcome to my private practice! I have worked as a marriage and family therapist for 30 years in a variety of settings: private practice, Kaiser Permanente, Adventist Health, Solano and Contra Costa Counties, Non-Profit agencies, and as a school based therapist.
Welcome to my private practice! I have worked as a marriage and family therapist for 30 years in a variety of settings: private practice, Kaiser Permanente, Adventist Health, Solano and Contra Costa Counties, Non-Profit agencies, and as a school based therapist.
(707) 998-5647 View (707) 998-5647
Photo of Ronny Nevo, PsyD, Psychologist
Ronny Nevo
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704
Sometimes life is hard. Inevitably it occasionally may feel intolerable, tremendous, or overwhelming. At times, challenges may feel insurmountable, and appear to require courage that is assumed to exceed our current capacity. And, especially during significant change, may evoke questioning the fundamentals of identity, relationships, and/or the external world. Although challenges in life cannot be avoided or prematurely alleviated, they can be shared in the space and experienced with healing. Within this process, there is a depth of potential for the parts of the self that hold the strength and resilience yet to be discovered.
Sometimes life is hard. Inevitably it occasionally may feel intolerable, tremendous, or overwhelming. At times, challenges may feel insurmountable, and appear to require courage that is assumed to exceed our current capacity. And, especially during significant change, may evoke questioning the fundamentals of identity, relationships, and/or the external world. Although challenges in life cannot be avoided or prematurely alleviated, they can be shared in the space and experienced with healing. Within this process, there is a depth of potential for the parts of the self that hold the strength and resilience yet to be discovered.
(341) 888-6934 View (341) 888-6934
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How does your Therapist compare?

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in California who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
72% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
64% Coping Skills
64% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

68% Aetna
61% Cigna and Evernorth
56% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in California see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in California?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.