Therapists in California

View cities and counties in California
Photo of Julieanne Searles, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Julieanne Searles
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Culver City, CA 90232
Looking to take charge of the parts of your life that are holding you back from experiencing joy, centeredness and energetic aliveness? I offer myriad interactive mind/body exercises and mental health tools, from both traditional and alternative healing methods, to help you make long-lasting changes in a short amount of time. You'll learn to shift old unhealthy habits and thought patterns and begin to feel more grounded, hopeful and present in mind, body and spirit.
Looking to take charge of the parts of your life that are holding you back from experiencing joy, centeredness and energetic aliveness? I offer myriad interactive mind/body exercises and mental health tools, from both traditional and alternative healing methods, to help you make long-lasting changes in a short amount of time. You'll learn to shift old unhealthy habits and thought patterns and begin to feel more grounded, hopeful and present in mind, body and spirit.
(424) 351-9793 View (424) 351-9793
Photo of Alejandra Martinez, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Alejandra Martinez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90034  (Online Only)
If you're struggling with anxiety, panic, and stress you're not alone - it can be scary and isolating managing these thoughts. My work focuses on creating a holding space where we can explore thoughts, patterns, family dynamics, and life experiences in a collaborative format where you take the lead. There is healing in transforming our negative core beliefs (those typically and surprisingly start before age 7) and creating an updated narrative. I hope that together we can create a space of curiosity and gentleness as we unpack thoughts/feelings and learn strategies to reduce stress.
If you're struggling with anxiety, panic, and stress you're not alone - it can be scary and isolating managing these thoughts. My work focuses on creating a holding space where we can explore thoughts, patterns, family dynamics, and life experiences in a collaborative format where you take the lead. There is healing in transforming our negative core beliefs (those typically and surprisingly start before age 7) and creating an updated narrative. I hope that together we can create a space of curiosity and gentleness as we unpack thoughts/feelings and learn strategies to reduce stress.
(424) 842-3040 View (424) 842-3040
Photo of Erica Nabatkhorian, AMFT, APCC, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Erica Nabatkhorian
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Venice, CA 90291
Life is filled with inevitable change–some of which is more manageable than others. Youth, especially, undergo rapid transitions – in the development of the mind and body, within relationships, and with their emotions, identity, attitudes, and beliefs. Navigating these transitions on their own can be overwhelming, leading to incongruent living and problematic behaviors including withdrawing from peers or family, exhibiting defiance, or struggling at school. Children and adolescents also struggle with self-confidence leading to excessive worrying about the opinions of others, increased dysregulation, and a lack of calm and composure.
Life is filled with inevitable change–some of which is more manageable than others. Youth, especially, undergo rapid transitions – in the development of the mind and body, within relationships, and with their emotions, identity, attitudes, and beliefs. Navigating these transitions on their own can be overwhelming, leading to incongruent living and problematic behaviors including withdrawing from peers or family, exhibiting defiance, or struggling at school. Children and adolescents also struggle with self-confidence leading to excessive worrying about the opinions of others, increased dysregulation, and a lack of calm and composure.
(818) 812-5878 View (818) 812-5878
Photo of Janice Yu, PsyD, Psychologist
Janice Yu
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Dublin, CA 94568
Specializing in Autism and ADHD testing assessment using a client-centered approach that focuses on you or your child’s unique strengths, abilities, and challenges. If you're seeking to better understand yourself your emotions, and your behaviors, therapeutic assessment can unveil meaningful information and answers to support your needs. You will be provided with a written report, feedback session, and tailored treatment plan with recommendations based on your personal goals identified during the beginning of our assessment.
Specializing in Autism and ADHD testing assessment using a client-centered approach that focuses on you or your child’s unique strengths, abilities, and challenges. If you're seeking to better understand yourself your emotions, and your behaviors, therapeutic assessment can unveil meaningful information and answers to support your needs. You will be provided with a written report, feedback session, and tailored treatment plan with recommendations based on your personal goals identified during the beginning of our assessment.
(925) 489-1903 View (925) 489-1903
Photo of Lauren Harris, PhD, Psychologist
Lauren Harris
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Ramon, CA 94583
I provide evidence-based treatment for depression, anxiety, and coping with cancer and other medical conditions. As a UCLA-trained clinical health psychologist, I specialize in helping people navigate the challenges that often accompany health issues, including uncertainty about the future, changes in cherished life roles and activities, loss of meaning and purpose, and distressing side effects. I also have advanced training in stress management, chronic pain management, and insomnia.
I provide evidence-based treatment for depression, anxiety, and coping with cancer and other medical conditions. As a UCLA-trained clinical health psychologist, I specialize in helping people navigate the challenges that often accompany health issues, including uncertainty about the future, changes in cherished life roles and activities, loss of meaning and purpose, and distressing side effects. I also have advanced training in stress management, chronic pain management, and insomnia.
(925) 420-8421 View (925) 420-8421
Photo of Lorie Bialobreski - Lorie Bialobreski, LCSW, CSW-G, LCSW, CSW-G, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lorie Bialobreski, LCSW, CSW-G
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CSW-G
Verified Verified
San Clemente, CA 92673
Welcome! If you are looking for a Therapist that is easy to talk to, makes you feel at ease, and has over 15 years of experience and expertise.... you found one! Seeking out a Therapist is not a sign of weakness, it indicates that you have been dealing with stressors and/or losses, that have become too much for you to manage on your own. I love what I do because I am able to see my clients transform and grow through the therapy process. Whatever you are going through, I can help you regain your emotional and mental well being.
Welcome! If you are looking for a Therapist that is easy to talk to, makes you feel at ease, and has over 15 years of experience and expertise.... you found one! Seeking out a Therapist is not a sign of weakness, it indicates that you have been dealing with stressors and/or losses, that have become too much for you to manage on your own. I love what I do because I am able to see my clients transform and grow through the therapy process. Whatever you are going through, I can help you regain your emotional and mental well being.
(949) 238-6635 View (949) 238-6635
Photo of Frances “Charleen” Crean, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Frances “Charleen” Crean
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93308
Thirty-plus years of clinical practice provides me with the skills to help those wishing to make changes in their life.
Thirty-plus years of clinical practice provides me with the skills to help those wishing to make changes in their life.
(661) 690-2177 View (661) 690-2177
Photo of Alisa R Carvey, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Alisa R Carvey
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sunnyvale, CA 94086  (Online Only)
At some point in our lives we can come to a place of feeling stuck or trapped, confused, sad or just plain scared of the transitions ahead. Life circumstances can become complicated and threaten to overwhelm. Depression and/or anxiety can compound these moments and leave us feeling rather without direction or hope. I work with adults in digging their way out of these feelings in order to create space and opportunity for themselves where they previously thought there was none.
At some point in our lives we can come to a place of feeling stuck or trapped, confused, sad or just plain scared of the transitions ahead. Life circumstances can become complicated and threaten to overwhelm. Depression and/or anxiety can compound these moments and leave us feeling rather without direction or hope. I work with adults in digging their way out of these feelings in order to create space and opportunity for themselves where they previously thought there was none.
(323) 617-4795 View (323) 617-4795
Photo of Tara Galeano, LPC, CST, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tara Galeano
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CST
Verified Verified
Sebastopol, CA 95472
I trained as a contemplative psychotherapist at Naropa University, where meditation and mindfulness were foundational elements of my studies. As my mentor used to say, “Therapy is about creating more choices." I teach mindfulness skills integrated with a cognitive-behavioral approach. I will support you in having more awareness of your behaviors and cognitions, so that you can move past your limitations to create more satisfaction with yourself, your life, and your sexual relations. If you are interested in learning more about how sex therapy may help you, sign-up for a free consultation below. I’d love to learn how I may help you.
I trained as a contemplative psychotherapist at Naropa University, where meditation and mindfulness were foundational elements of my studies. As my mentor used to say, “Therapy is about creating more choices." I teach mindfulness skills integrated with a cognitive-behavioral approach. I will support you in having more awareness of your behaviors and cognitions, so that you can move past your limitations to create more satisfaction with yourself, your life, and your sexual relations. If you are interested in learning more about how sex therapy may help you, sign-up for a free consultation below. I’d love to learn how I may help you.
(707) 988-6894 View (707) 988-6894
Photo of Sarah E. Wilson - Sarah E. Wilson, PhD, PhD, Psychologist
Sarah E. Wilson, PhD
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Orinda, CA 94563
Many of my clients describe me as compassionate, open-minded, and patient, while maintaining a good sense of humor. I utilize these traits to build rapport with clients, while also drawing upon my knowledge and skill in research-supported interventions to alleviate mental and emotional distress. I specialize in working with adults and adolescents struggling with depression, anxiety, stress management, and life transitions. I also work with people to accept and tolerate their emotional distress, to appropriately communicate their needs in relationships, and to find meaning and purpose in their work, academic, and personal lives.
Many of my clients describe me as compassionate, open-minded, and patient, while maintaining a good sense of humor. I utilize these traits to build rapport with clients, while also drawing upon my knowledge and skill in research-supported interventions to alleviate mental and emotional distress. I specialize in working with adults and adolescents struggling with depression, anxiety, stress management, and life transitions. I also work with people to accept and tolerate their emotional distress, to appropriately communicate their needs in relationships, and to find meaning and purpose in their work, academic, and personal lives.
(510) 757-9392 View (510) 757-9392
Photo of Betty Lue Lieber, PhD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Betty Lue Lieber
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Pleasant Hill, CA 94523  (Online Only)
I offer holistic solution-oriented counseling and coaching with respect for your potential and the ideal you desire to live. I offer education and inspiration, practical creative solutions and options for you to consider to live your ideal life. I coach you in undoing sabotaging strategies, limiting beliefs and negative habits with effective tools and home work.. Our work together will validate what works for you and eliminate what is ineffective. With information, motivation and practical tools, you will experience an "immediate difference" in how you choose to relate, communicate and live what you desire everyday.
I offer holistic solution-oriented counseling and coaching with respect for your potential and the ideal you desire to live. I offer education and inspiration, practical creative solutions and options for you to consider to live your ideal life. I coach you in undoing sabotaging strategies, limiting beliefs and negative habits with effective tools and home work.. Our work together will validate what works for you and eliminate what is ineffective. With information, motivation and practical tools, you will experience an "immediate difference" in how you choose to relate, communicate and live what you desire everyday.
(415) 306-8706 View (415) 306-8706
Photo of Contessa Strother, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Contessa Strother
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037
There are times in our lives when we need a place to process past experiences, find clarity in our current circumstances, learn new ways of coping and have the opportunity to find meaning in the midst of difficult situations that perhaps have you questioning what the next steps of life are. I have a passion for guiding individuals and couples through difficult life transitions as well as those striving to identify their personal potential for growth.
There are times in our lives when we need a place to process past experiences, find clarity in our current circumstances, learn new ways of coping and have the opportunity to find meaning in the midst of difficult situations that perhaps have you questioning what the next steps of life are. I have a passion for guiding individuals and couples through difficult life transitions as well as those striving to identify their personal potential for growth.
(858) 365-8059 View (858) 365-8059
Photo of Myriam D Savage - Myriam Savage, PhD., SoCal Drama Therapy Center, PhD, MA, RDT, BCT
Myriam Savage, PhD., SoCal Drama Therapy Center
PhD, MA, RDT, BCT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
South Pasadena, CA 91030  (Online Only)
I am a narrative-trained drama therapist who is person-centered in approach. I facilitate individuals, families, and groups in corporate or educational settings. We will work together to re-author problem saturated life narratives as you explore expressive therapies in sessions as a means toward an embodied, cognitive, safe, creative experience. Restoring the whole person is the goal. My expertise has been on self-identity, foster care, adoption, rehab, adolescence, anxiety, trauma, multiculturalism & social skills. Talk, discovery, and recovery through rapport from a drama therapy and a positive psychology foundation nurture you.
I am a narrative-trained drama therapist who is person-centered in approach. I facilitate individuals, families, and groups in corporate or educational settings. We will work together to re-author problem saturated life narratives as you explore expressive therapies in sessions as a means toward an embodied, cognitive, safe, creative experience. Restoring the whole person is the goal. My expertise has been on self-identity, foster care, adoption, rehab, adolescence, anxiety, trauma, multiculturalism & social skills. Talk, discovery, and recovery through rapport from a drama therapy and a positive psychology foundation nurture you.
(323) 924-3217 View (323) 924-3217
Photo of Chelsea Nicole Montgomery - Chelsea Montgomery, Couples Resource Collective , LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Chelsea Montgomery, Couples Resource Collective
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Davis, CA 95616
As our changing world becomes more complex, it's important to take stock of what matters in life. When emotional struggles result in destructive behaviors, anxiety, and depression, we loose sight of our best selves. Meanwhile, seeking out help for these issues can be awkward! Your comfort in this process is my priority. Our time together will be based on your goals, your concerns, and your unique personality.
As our changing world becomes more complex, it's important to take stock of what matters in life. When emotional struggles result in destructive behaviors, anxiety, and depression, we loose sight of our best selves. Meanwhile, seeking out help for these issues can be awkward! Your comfort in this process is my priority. Our time together will be based on your goals, your concerns, and your unique personality.
(530) 364-5763 View (530) 364-5763
Photo of Allyson Torres, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Allyson Torres
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93711
My vision is to provide culturally competent, and solution-focused services that promote individuals’ social-emotional health and wellbeing, help to prevent the development of mental health challenges through mindfulness, and address key issues leading to one’s own mental health balance.
My vision is to provide culturally competent, and solution-focused services that promote individuals’ social-emotional health and wellbeing, help to prevent the development of mental health challenges through mindfulness, and address key issues leading to one’s own mental health balance.
(559) 380-4197 View (559) 380-4197
Photo of Erick Santos, LCSW, EMDR, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erick Santos
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
Has trauma, anxiety, or depression interfered with the potential to become the best version of yourself? We often feel defined by traumatic or emotionally difficult experiences then often leave us feeling stuck in place rather than moving forward towards our goals. I’m here to provide a safe, affirming space for you to develop an understanding of yourself to overcome past experiences or fears that define you. Our work together will be met with unconditional acceptance, creative approaches, and the utmost compassion.
Has trauma, anxiety, or depression interfered with the potential to become the best version of yourself? We often feel defined by traumatic or emotionally difficult experiences then often leave us feeling stuck in place rather than moving forward towards our goals. I’m here to provide a safe, affirming space for you to develop an understanding of yourself to overcome past experiences or fears that define you. Our work together will be met with unconditional acceptance, creative approaches, and the utmost compassion.
(415) 324-4286 View (415) 324-4286
Photo of Esther Diaz, MA, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Esther Diaz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
Hi and Welcome! So glad you are taking the step to seek support.. whether you are stressed, anxious, grieving, feeling lost..the therapy can be such a amazing journey in which you are able to process, refocus, reflect and gain a deeper understanding of yourself and your needs. I work with clients of all ages, and use a compassionate and strengths based approach to help clients feel that they are moving forward in their journey. My goal is to make you feel comfortable and heard while working towards whatever goals you have for yourself to live a healthier and more fulfilling life. I look forward to working with you!
Hi and Welcome! So glad you are taking the step to seek support.. whether you are stressed, anxious, grieving, feeling lost..the therapy can be such a amazing journey in which you are able to process, refocus, reflect and gain a deeper understanding of yourself and your needs. I work with clients of all ages, and use a compassionate and strengths based approach to help clients feel that they are moving forward in their journey. My goal is to make you feel comfortable and heard while working towards whatever goals you have for yourself to live a healthier and more fulfilling life. I look forward to working with you!
(209) 299-8119 View (209) 299-8119
Photo of Amy Gregg, PhD, MA, Psychologist
Amy Gregg
Psychologist, PhD, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Aptos, CA 95003  (Online Only)
I want to hear what you have to say, supporting you with compassion and insight. Who are you at your deepest, truest self? I use the Feeling Good model of CBT and EMDR (Flash and regular EMDR) to help bring awareness to your inner processes, effectively releasing emotion, negative thoughts, and healing trauma. Learn to offer yourself loving kindness and neutrally observe what you are feeling and thinking. Practice self care to to treat yourself as your own best friend. Enlightenment is possible and is an ongoing journey of deepening that awareness.
I want to hear what you have to say, supporting you with compassion and insight. Who are you at your deepest, truest self? I use the Feeling Good model of CBT and EMDR (Flash and regular EMDR) to help bring awareness to your inner processes, effectively releasing emotion, negative thoughts, and healing trauma. Learn to offer yourself loving kindness and neutrally observe what you are feeling and thinking. Practice self care to to treat yourself as your own best friend. Enlightenment is possible and is an ongoing journey of deepening that awareness.
(831) 800-2381 View (831) 800-2381
Photo of Nancy Gonzalez, LMFT , Marriage & Family Therapist
Nancy Gonzalez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436
As an experienced psychotherapist, I find great joy in helping others navigate their personal journeys. With an eclectic orientation, I draw from diverse range of therapeutic approaches to tailor my interventions to each individual’s unique needs and challenges. My educational background from Cal State Northridge with a Bachelor’ degree in Psychology and a Master’s degree from Phillips Graduate Institute. Has equipped me with a well-rounded understanding of human behavior and societal influences. Additionally, my education and over 10 years of clinical experience have further honed my expertise in the field of psychotherapy.
As an experienced psychotherapist, I find great joy in helping others navigate their personal journeys. With an eclectic orientation, I draw from diverse range of therapeutic approaches to tailor my interventions to each individual’s unique needs and challenges. My educational background from Cal State Northridge with a Bachelor’ degree in Psychology and a Master’s degree from Phillips Graduate Institute. Has equipped me with a well-rounded understanding of human behavior and societal influences. Additionally, my education and over 10 years of clinical experience have further honed my expertise in the field of psychotherapy.
(747) 529-7736 View (747) 529-7736
Photo of Deborah Mori, MS, LMFT, SEP, Marriage & Family Therapist
Deborah Mori
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, SEP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Encinitas, CA 92024  (Online Only)
You’ve worked hard, played by the rules, & did everything you were supposed to do. Now you wake up exhausted, anxious, and overwhelmed, and as your energy plummets, small tasks become huge. It becomes harder and harder to turn off that inner voice that says you're not doing enough. No one understands & it seems everything triggers you. The desire is there to get unstuck, discover the root of your struggles, improve relationships, resolve trauma, and enjoy life with more peace and ease, but you’re not sure where to turn. There is another way, and I'm glad you've landed here! Living your best life is possible, and I can help you!
You’ve worked hard, played by the rules, & did everything you were supposed to do. Now you wake up exhausted, anxious, and overwhelmed, and as your energy plummets, small tasks become huge. It becomes harder and harder to turn off that inner voice that says you're not doing enough. No one understands & it seems everything triggers you. The desire is there to get unstuck, discover the root of your struggles, improve relationships, resolve trauma, and enjoy life with more peace and ease, but you’re not sure where to turn. There is another way, and I'm glad you've landed here! Living your best life is possible, and I can help you!
(619) 458-3663 View (619) 458-3663
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How does your Therapist compare?

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in California who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
72% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
64% Coping Skills
64% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Aetna
61% Cigna and Evernorth
56% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in California see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in California?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.