Therapists in Oceanside, CA

Photo of Alexandra Laifer, PhD, Psychologist
Alexandra Laifer
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oceanside, CA 92054
As a clinical psychologist, I aim to help you achieve personal growth and well-being. I specialize in the treatment of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), employing mindfulness and other empirically-supported approaches to help you process and manage painful emotions as well as overcome the self-defeating patterns which often arise following the experience of traumatic events. I also specialize in relational and mindfulness-based approaches to treating interpersonal difficulties, depression, anxiety, and grief and loss while helping you to manage stress, academic difficulties, self-esteem issues, and life transitions.
As a clinical psychologist, I aim to help you achieve personal growth and well-being. I specialize in the treatment of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), employing mindfulness and other empirically-supported approaches to help you process and manage painful emotions as well as overcome the self-defeating patterns which often arise following the experience of traumatic events. I also specialize in relational and mindfulness-based approaches to treating interpersonal difficulties, depression, anxiety, and grief and loss while helping you to manage stress, academic difficulties, self-esteem issues, and life transitions.
(760) 268-9104 View (760) 268-9104
Photo of Heather Salazar Mental Health And Addiction Therapy, LPCC , Counselor
Heather Salazar Mental Health And Addiction Therapy
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oceanside, CA 92054  (Online Only)
Are you ready? If you feel that you would benefit from a therapist who is honest and approaches therapy with a sense of humor, we can accomplish a lot together! I ask that first question because good therapy involves you having a willingness to be open and talk about why you are looking at profiles here to get yourself to the next healthy step of your life, whatever that is for you personally. This is my passion; getting people to the place they want to be. I love helping those who desire more for themselves, so if you feel you're struggling, let's get the process started.
Are you ready? If you feel that you would benefit from a therapist who is honest and approaches therapy with a sense of humor, we can accomplish a lot together! I ask that first question because good therapy involves you having a willingness to be open and talk about why you are looking at profiles here to get yourself to the next healthy step of your life, whatever that is for you personally. This is my passion; getting people to the place they want to be. I love helping those who desire more for themselves, so if you feel you're struggling, let's get the process started.
(442) 256-9203 View (442) 256-9203
Photo of Kansas (James) Cafferty, LMFT, MAC, ICAP IV, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kansas (James) Cafferty
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MAC, ICAP IV
Verified Verified
Oceanside, CA 92054
Thanks for visiting me in this leg of your journey. I have worked in the fields of mental health and substance use disorders since 1997. I have worked all levels of care from acute hospitalization to weekly therapy. I have experience with adolescents, first responders, survivors of trauma, and those afflicted with varied addictions among other issues such as mood disorders and anxiety. I also provide independent substance use evaluations and expert witness testimony for family court cases. I am also approved by the NFL Players Assoc. to work with current and former players.
Thanks for visiting me in this leg of your journey. I have worked in the fields of mental health and substance use disorders since 1997. I have worked all levels of care from acute hospitalization to weekly therapy. I have experience with adolescents, first responders, survivors of trauma, and those afflicted with varied addictions among other issues such as mood disorders and anxiety. I also provide independent substance use evaluations and expert witness testimony for family court cases. I am also approved by the NFL Players Assoc. to work with current and former players.
(442) 200-1345 View (442) 200-1345
Photo of Scott Randall Hansen, PhD, Psychologist
Scott Randall Hansen
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Oceanside, CA 92054
My area of expertise is romantic love and relational compatibility. In addition to helping clients cope with anxiety and depression, I help them avoid the relationship mistakes most people make and learn how to find and foster a successful relationship. I have been teaching seminars on love and marriage for 26 years. While my clients find my style sensitive and supportive, they also appreciate that I go beyond active listening and reflection and challenge them with questions that lead them to deeper levels of insight and awareness.
My area of expertise is romantic love and relational compatibility. In addition to helping clients cope with anxiety and depression, I help them avoid the relationship mistakes most people make and learn how to find and foster a successful relationship. I have been teaching seminars on love and marriage for 26 years. While my clients find my style sensitive and supportive, they also appreciate that I go beyond active listening and reflection and challenge them with questions that lead them to deeper levels of insight and awareness.
(714) 584-5740 View (714) 584-5740
Photo of Leslie Pritchett, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Leslie Pritchett
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Oceanside, CA 92057  (Online Only)
Hi! My name is Leslie Pritchett ASW 109338. I am under the supervision of Roger Douglas LMFT 124878. I'm passionate about empowering others in overcoming their struggles. As provide a compassionate, non-judgmental, safe space for you. I am bilingual and provide services in English and Spanish.
Hi! My name is Leslie Pritchett ASW 109338. I am under the supervision of Roger Douglas LMFT 124878. I'm passionate about empowering others in overcoming their struggles. As provide a compassionate, non-judgmental, safe space for you. I am bilingual and provide services in English and Spanish.
(760) 301-5417 View (760) 301-5417
Photo of Dylan Tayag, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dylan Tayag
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oceanside, CA 92056  (Online Only)
I am a licensed therapist (LCSW) specialized in serving transition-aged youth, young adults and middle-aged adults. Most of my training and expertise has been centered around treatment for trauma, depression, and anxiety. I offer collaborative guidance to my clients as they explore new perspectives, coping strategies, and interpersonal solutions.
I am a licensed therapist (LCSW) specialized in serving transition-aged youth, young adults and middle-aged adults. Most of my training and expertise has been centered around treatment for trauma, depression, and anxiety. I offer collaborative guidance to my clients as they explore new perspectives, coping strategies, and interpersonal solutions.
(909) 317-1298 View (909) 317-1298
Photo of Angelica Melgoza, MSW, ACSW
Angelica Melgoza
Associate Clinical Social Worker, MSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
Oceanside, CA 92054
My approach to therapy is to create a therapeutic alliance for individuals to be able to freely express their thoughts and feelings in a safe and non-judgmental environment. My goal is to build a trusting therapeutic relationship in which you feel heard, seen, validated, and accepted. I consider myself to be a strength-based therapist and will work with you to create goals, in addition to working through intrusive thoughts. As well as utilizing coping mechanisms and self-care in your daily routine, without feelings of guilt and shame. I am here to support you and meet you where you are.
My approach to therapy is to create a therapeutic alliance for individuals to be able to freely express their thoughts and feelings in a safe and non-judgmental environment. My goal is to build a trusting therapeutic relationship in which you feel heard, seen, validated, and accepted. I consider myself to be a strength-based therapist and will work with you to create goals, in addition to working through intrusive thoughts. As well as utilizing coping mechanisms and self-care in your daily routine, without feelings of guilt and shame. I am here to support you and meet you where you are.
(442) 200-2082 View (442) 200-2082
Photo of Dr. Jessica McManus, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Jessica McManus
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oceanside, CA 92054
I am passionate about healing with a unique expertise in military and first responder trauma. I have professionally worked with complex trauma survivors since 2010 and have a profound knowledge and respect for the specific issues that arise in the course of this line of work. I can guide you in understanding your story in a safe and compassionate space, leading you on a path of personal healing and recovery.
I am passionate about healing with a unique expertise in military and first responder trauma. I have professionally worked with complex trauma survivors since 2010 and have a profound knowledge and respect for the specific issues that arise in the course of this line of work. I can guide you in understanding your story in a safe and compassionate space, leading you on a path of personal healing and recovery.
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Photo of Carolina Myrvold, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Carolina Myrvold
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oceanside, CA 92057
My name is Carolina Myrvold and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) based in Los Angeles County, California and I work with clients statewide via telehealth. I have been a Psychotherapist in Southern California for over 20 years where I specialize in parenting and infant mental health. Via telehealth I work with adolescents and adults and specialize in helping families and individuals in the LGBTQIA+ community. I use Relational Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help individuals, parents, couples, and families find peace and wholeness in their relationships.
My name is Carolina Myrvold and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) based in Los Angeles County, California and I work with clients statewide via telehealth. I have been a Psychotherapist in Southern California for over 20 years where I specialize in parenting and infant mental health. Via telehealth I work with adolescents and adults and specialize in helping families and individuals in the LGBTQIA+ community. I use Relational Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help individuals, parents, couples, and families find peace and wholeness in their relationships.
(760) 314-8640 View (760) 314-8640
Photo of Simone Kurtz-Dougherty - Rainbow Counselor, LPCC, LCPC, LMHC, ACS
Rainbow Counselor
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, LCPC, LMHC, ACS
Verified Verified
Oceanside, CA 92056  (Online Only)
Anxiety, depression, trauma, and identity issues can rob you of a fulfilling life. Ready for change? Open to sharing your thoughts and feelings? In a nonjudgmental space, I offer practical solutions to manage emotions and reduce stress. Improving your mental health, personal growth, better relationships, and a richer life are possible. I'll empower you to realize your potential and support your journey to meaningful connections and self-fulfillment. If you're ready for self-discovery and healing, I'm here to guide and support you on your path to a more balanced life.
Anxiety, depression, trauma, and identity issues can rob you of a fulfilling life. Ready for change? Open to sharing your thoughts and feelings? In a nonjudgmental space, I offer practical solutions to manage emotions and reduce stress. Improving your mental health, personal growth, better relationships, and a richer life are possible. I'll empower you to realize your potential and support your journey to meaningful connections and self-fulfillment. If you're ready for self-discovery and healing, I'm here to guide and support you on your path to a more balanced life.
(760) 624-3722 View (760) 624-3722
Photo of Antoinette Babers, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Antoinette Babers
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oceanside, CA 92056
My name is Antoinette Babers. I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I believe in taking a collaborative approach to helping clients reach their goals. I work with Individuals (children and adults), couples, and also families. I find myself working mostly with women, but I do work with men, children, and couples as well. I have worked with clients suffering from depression, anxiety, PTSD, trauma-related issues, personality disorders, those suffering from domestic violence issues, divorce, panic disorders, anger management, and attachment issues.
My name is Antoinette Babers. I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I believe in taking a collaborative approach to helping clients reach their goals. I work with Individuals (children and adults), couples, and also families. I find myself working mostly with women, but I do work with men, children, and couples as well. I have worked with clients suffering from depression, anxiety, PTSD, trauma-related issues, personality disorders, those suffering from domestic violence issues, divorce, panic disorders, anger management, and attachment issues.
(760) 472-5041 View (760) 472-5041
Photo of Deborah McCoy, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Deborah McCoy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oceanside, CA 92057  (Online Only)
I offer a variety of counseling services to adults and coupes. My therapeutic style could be described as intuitive, empathic, friendly, and interested. Although sessions are informal and conversational, I will stay "in the trenches" with you to provide support through confusing and challenging times. Beyond support, my mission is to empower and uplift by facilitating self-awareness, self-acceptance, and celebrating self- expression. So, to that end, I am committed to my own spiritual practice, personal authenticity, and self-care.
I offer a variety of counseling services to adults and coupes. My therapeutic style could be described as intuitive, empathic, friendly, and interested. Although sessions are informal and conversational, I will stay "in the trenches" with you to provide support through confusing and challenging times. Beyond support, my mission is to empower and uplift by facilitating self-awareness, self-acceptance, and celebrating self- expression. So, to that end, I am committed to my own spiritual practice, personal authenticity, and self-care.
(760) 509-2628 View (760) 509-2628
Photo of Toni Daugherty - Toni Daugherty @ Grow Through Life Counseling , AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Toni Daugherty @ Grow Through Life Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oceanside, CA 92054
Hello! I provide behavioral health services to children, parents, couples, elderly, and families. I enjoy working with young children and their parents and am comfortable working with clients who are struggling with a variety of challenging issues such as anxiety, family changes, parenting, employment, sibling and other relationship issues, self-esteem, and depression. I also work with families who experience loss and deep grief. I compassionately support them through issues of adjustment and rebuilding, particularly after complicated loss.
Hello! I provide behavioral health services to children, parents, couples, elderly, and families. I enjoy working with young children and their parents and am comfortable working with clients who are struggling with a variety of challenging issues such as anxiety, family changes, parenting, employment, sibling and other relationship issues, self-esteem, and depression. I also work with families who experience loss and deep grief. I compassionately support them through issues of adjustment and rebuilding, particularly after complicated loss.
(442) 249-8405 View (442) 249-8405
Photo of Chelsea Salas Nightingale, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Chelsea Salas Nightingale
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oceanside, CA 92058  (Online Only)
There is always hope! Our painful life experiences have a way of making us feeling exhausted and unworthy. We can lose sight of our dreams and our authentic path. Trying something new and opening up seems like the last thing we may want to do, but maybe it is exactly what we need. Spending quality caring time on ourselves with the support of a caring therapist can create healing and movement in our lives. We all need validating safe spaces to remind ourselves how valuable we are. We can't truly give to our loved ones unless we are giving to ourselves.
There is always hope! Our painful life experiences have a way of making us feeling exhausted and unworthy. We can lose sight of our dreams and our authentic path. Trying something new and opening up seems like the last thing we may want to do, but maybe it is exactly what we need. Spending quality caring time on ourselves with the support of a caring therapist can create healing and movement in our lives. We all need validating safe spaces to remind ourselves how valuable we are. We can't truly give to our loved ones unless we are giving to ourselves.
(442) 239-2462 View (442) 239-2462
Photo of Diane Carota, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Diane Carota
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oceanside, CA 92056
Diane Carota is a Licensed Mariage and Family therapist in the states of California and Arizona. She works with adults and couples. Diane has worked in various settings throughout her 25-year career, including hospitals, community based behavioral health clinics, schools, as well as other outpatient settings. Diane uses Cognitive Behavioral therapy to help her clients correct negative and destructive thought patterns and behavior. As well, as short-term psychodynamic therapy to help clients explore any relevant historical and current events that may prevent healthy functioning.
Diane Carota is a Licensed Mariage and Family therapist in the states of California and Arizona. She works with adults and couples. Diane has worked in various settings throughout her 25-year career, including hospitals, community based behavioral health clinics, schools, as well as other outpatient settings. Diane uses Cognitive Behavioral therapy to help her clients correct negative and destructive thought patterns and behavior. As well, as short-term psychodynamic therapy to help clients explore any relevant historical and current events that may prevent healthy functioning.
(760) 374-3268 View (760) 374-3268
Karla Martinez
Associate Clinical Social Worker
Verified Verified
Oceanside, CA 92054
Karla is a therapist for San Diego based mental healthcare provider San Diego Therapy Center. San Diego Therapy Center is changing the way people think about and receive mental health service and support. We offer a welcoming and accepting environment where you can feel calm and comfortable while in our care. Our relaxed, modern atmosphere and our amazing, highly trained Psychologists, Psychiatrists and therapists are here for you. Our hope is to provide a place to help our clients achieve their life goals, explore life-circumstances, move through difficult life transitions.
Karla is a therapist for San Diego based mental healthcare provider San Diego Therapy Center. San Diego Therapy Center is changing the way people think about and receive mental health service and support. We offer a welcoming and accepting environment where you can feel calm and comfortable while in our care. Our relaxed, modern atmosphere and our amazing, highly trained Psychologists, Psychiatrists and therapists are here for you. Our hope is to provide a place to help our clients achieve their life goals, explore life-circumstances, move through difficult life transitions.
(442) 275-8457 View (442) 275-8457
Photo of Cynthia Casey, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Cynthia Casey
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Oceanside, CA 92054
Through life's journey there are times that we may feel stuck as if there is a part of you that won't allow you to reach your goals? Do you want more from your life or are you finding it hard to get through your day without feeling anxious, angry, sad or overwhelmed? Do you struggle with addictive or compulsive behaviors? Or are you having relationship issues with your loved ones or coworkers? There is hope. I can be an effective resource in helping to you identify and move toward your goals, becoming a happier and healthier you.
Through life's journey there are times that we may feel stuck as if there is a part of you that won't allow you to reach your goals? Do you want more from your life or are you finding it hard to get through your day without feeling anxious, angry, sad or overwhelmed? Do you struggle with addictive or compulsive behaviors? Or are you having relationship issues with your loved ones or coworkers? There is hope. I can be an effective resource in helping to you identify and move toward your goals, becoming a happier and healthier you.
(760) 678-4295 View (760) 678-4295
Photo of Jenna Wheaton, LMFT, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jenna Wheaton
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
Oceanside, CA 92054  (Online Only)
I work with adults (age 18+) residing in California. I enjoy working with a wide range of human beings, and I recognize the attempt to find our place in the world, especially amidst pain, trauma, and confusion, comes in many different shapes and forms. I am open and enthusiastic about working with a wide variety of folk, and you might be particularly interested in working with me if you are interested in connecting more with yourself. I also have specialized experience working with eating disorders, addictions, grief and loss, traumas, life transitions, spiritual seekers, and artists.
I work with adults (age 18+) residing in California. I enjoy working with a wide range of human beings, and I recognize the attempt to find our place in the world, especially amidst pain, trauma, and confusion, comes in many different shapes and forms. I am open and enthusiastic about working with a wide variety of folk, and you might be particularly interested in working with me if you are interested in connecting more with yourself. I also have specialized experience working with eating disorders, addictions, grief and loss, traumas, life transitions, spiritual seekers, and artists.
Photo of Maria Del 'mar' Rubio Gutierrez, LMFT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Maria Del 'mar' Rubio Gutierrez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oceanside, CA 92056
Mar Rubio is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in California who has been practicing since 2016. She has a Bachelor's Degree of Science in Criminal Justice Administration from San Diego State University and a Master's in Counseling Psychology/Specializing in Marriage Family Therapy from National University. As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, Mar believes every person is unique and complex and she strives to help her clients by listening, understanding, and establishing a genuine human connection to help them move towards a more fulfilling life.
Mar Rubio is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in California who has been practicing since 2016. She has a Bachelor's Degree of Science in Criminal Justice Administration from San Diego State University and a Master's in Counseling Psychology/Specializing in Marriage Family Therapy from National University. As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, Mar believes every person is unique and complex and she strives to help her clients by listening, understanding, and establishing a genuine human connection to help them move towards a more fulfilling life.
(760) 462-7026 View (760) 462-7026
Photo of Eryn Sparzo - Phoenix Rising Interventions, LMFT, CIP, Marriage & Family Therapist
Phoenix Rising Interventions
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CIP
Verified Verified
Oceanside, CA 92057
If you or a loved one are struggling with Mental Health and/or Chemical Dependency and you need help navigating what can be a very overwhelming process, we are here for you. Our team includes a Licensed Trauma-Focused Therapist and a Certified Intervention Professional who are committed to supporting individuals and families seeking healing and recovery.
If you or a loved one are struggling with Mental Health and/or Chemical Dependency and you need help navigating what can be a very overwhelming process, we are here for you. Our team includes a Licensed Trauma-Focused Therapist and a Certified Intervention Professional who are committed to supporting individuals and families seeking healing and recovery.
(760) 647-8551 View (760) 647-8551

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Oceanside, CA

300+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Oceanside, CA who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
88% Depression
69% Relationship Issues
68% Coping Skills
67% Self Esteem
63% Stress
62% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% Aetna
76% Cigna and Evernorth
71% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Oceanside, CA see their clients

76% In Person and Online
24% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Oceanside?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.