Teletherapy for Pennsylvania

Photo of Robert Rabinowitz, PhD, Psychologist
Robert Rabinowitz
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19129  (Online Only)
I have been a clinical psychologist for over 40 years and have assisted people with a wide range of human concerns: depression, anxiety, fear, trauma, relationships, and the ordinary challenges in life's journey. My experience as a child therapist has been useful in supporting parents and grandparents. Whether people seek to know themselves better or are troubled by life's circumstances, our work together is to create the changes sought, and, in the process, make the necessary choices to attain self-sufficiency through emotional understanding and independence; substituting a healthy curiosity for shame, self-judgment and guilt.
I have been a clinical psychologist for over 40 years and have assisted people with a wide range of human concerns: depression, anxiety, fear, trauma, relationships, and the ordinary challenges in life's journey. My experience as a child therapist has been useful in supporting parents and grandparents. Whether people seek to know themselves better or are troubled by life's circumstances, our work together is to create the changes sought, and, in the process, make the necessary choices to attain self-sufficiency through emotional understanding and independence; substituting a healthy curiosity for shame, self-judgment and guilt.
(215) 918-4783 View (215) 918-4783
Photo of Michael L Raskind - Serenity Psychotherapy LLC, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Serenity Psychotherapy LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Reading, PA 19602  (Online Only)
Everyone struggles at times, and there should be no shame in asking for help. This is why we started Serenity Psychotherapy with a core belief that everybody should have access to professional mental health services and dedicated health care professionals anywhere in the world. With our national teletherapy sessions, we seek to help individuals, families, couples, and children with all the tools and therapy sessions they may need to live happier lives. Here at Serenity Psychotherapy, we have an array of therapists with various specializations, such as depression, anxiety, relationship, substance abuse, and parenting problems.
Everyone struggles at times, and there should be no shame in asking for help. This is why we started Serenity Psychotherapy with a core belief that everybody should have access to professional mental health services and dedicated health care professionals anywhere in the world. With our national teletherapy sessions, we seek to help individuals, families, couples, and children with all the tools and therapy sessions they may need to live happier lives. Here at Serenity Psychotherapy, we have an array of therapists with various specializations, such as depression, anxiety, relationship, substance abuse, and parenting problems.
(610) 510-6360 View (610) 510-6360
Photo of Tina Leboffe, LPC, ADHD-CP, CCATP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tina Leboffe
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ADHD-CP, CCATP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Phoenixville, PA 19460
Are you feeling overwhelmed navigating quarterlife? Maybe you’re adjusting to post-grad life, a new job, or starting your own family. Or you’re coming to terms with a new ADHD diagnosis. I work with those in their 20s & 30s who are dealing with the anxieties that come with these, and other, life changes. I’m here to help you bridge the gap between your life now & what you want it to look like, while also giving meaning to the experiences that led you to where you are. I not only bring professional experience to my practice, but also empathy & realness that comes from confronting my own personal challenges (I’m an ADHD-er, too!).
Are you feeling overwhelmed navigating quarterlife? Maybe you’re adjusting to post-grad life, a new job, or starting your own family. Or you’re coming to terms with a new ADHD diagnosis. I work with those in their 20s & 30s who are dealing with the anxieties that come with these, and other, life changes. I’m here to help you bridge the gap between your life now & what you want it to look like, while also giving meaning to the experiences that led you to where you are. I not only bring professional experience to my practice, but also empathy & realness that comes from confronting my own personal challenges (I’m an ADHD-er, too!).
(610) 572-4989 View (610) 572-4989
Photo of Michelle Kagel, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Michelle Kagel
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Exton, PA 19341
Currently accepting new clients. Do you feel stuck? Perhaps you used to feel confident and capable, and now you feel like you can't get any traction. I work with people who are used to have the answers, and now find themselves at a loss - smart tweens who are struggling with their emotions, smart teenagers who are struggling with their families, smart adults who feel like there's more for them in life. People who are creative and hard-working often find me to be a good fit, including executives, those who are in non-traditional jobs or jobs with unconventional structures, and those who are in non-traditional relationships..
Currently accepting new clients. Do you feel stuck? Perhaps you used to feel confident and capable, and now you feel like you can't get any traction. I work with people who are used to have the answers, and now find themselves at a loss - smart tweens who are struggling with their emotions, smart teenagers who are struggling with their families, smart adults who feel like there's more for them in life. People who are creative and hard-working often find me to be a good fit, including executives, those who are in non-traditional jobs or jobs with unconventional structures, and those who are in non-traditional relationships..
(484) 870-9257 View (484) 870-9257
Photo of Amanda Rosentel, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amanda Rosentel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Wilkes Barre, PA 18702  (Online Only)
Do you get stuck in an endless cycle of thoughts? Do you have a difficult time communicating your needs? Do you have an overwhelming number of things to do and you're not sure where to start? Do you struggle with inner self love and focus more on others? If any of these resonate with you, we can work together WITH your brain, instead of against it. Our thoughts drive our entire life; and could be holding you back. Welcome to a journey, you’ve never experienced before. I am certified in ADHD, specialize in adults 25 years old and up, couples and parenting, offering unique boutique type services that focus on YOU.
Do you get stuck in an endless cycle of thoughts? Do you have a difficult time communicating your needs? Do you have an overwhelming number of things to do and you're not sure where to start? Do you struggle with inner self love and focus more on others? If any of these resonate with you, we can work together WITH your brain, instead of against it. Our thoughts drive our entire life; and could be holding you back. Welcome to a journey, you’ve never experienced before. I am certified in ADHD, specialize in adults 25 years old and up, couples and parenting, offering unique boutique type services that focus on YOU.
(570) 405-8135 View (570) 405-8135
Photo of Renee Freilich, MSN, CNS, RN
Renee Freilich
MSN, CNS, RN
Verified Verified
I am inspired by my clients' achievements in overcoming their pain from anxiety, depression, grief and loss, relationship conflicts, trauma and loneliness. The process of being truly heard and believed in has enabled my clients to feel empowered to make changes in their lives. By focusing on family patterns, personal history, and cognitive and behavioral interventions, clients develop the tools to find happiness within themselves and with their family, friends and colleagues.
I am inspired by my clients' achievements in overcoming their pain from anxiety, depression, grief and loss, relationship conflicts, trauma and loneliness. The process of being truly heard and believed in has enabled my clients to feel empowered to make changes in their lives. By focusing on family patterns, personal history, and cognitive and behavioral interventions, clients develop the tools to find happiness within themselves and with their family, friends and colleagues.
(610) 915-8144 View (610) 915-8144
Photo of Gina M Carfagno, MSS, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gina M Carfagno
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSS, LSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Narberth, PA 19072  (Online Only)
Welcome to my passion: a safe, collaborative, empowering space where you're supported to be unapologetically yourself. My ideal client longs to become more aware of themselves, curious about what feelings/lack there of experienced, open to working through active/past MH struggles, such as self-confidence, depression, anxiety, relational conflict, trauma, stress, and more. My passion and hope for all my clients are captured well in this quote: "Whenever you find yourself doubting how far you can go, just remember how far you have come...everything you have faced, all the battles you have won, and all the fears you've overcome..."
Welcome to my passion: a safe, collaborative, empowering space where you're supported to be unapologetically yourself. My ideal client longs to become more aware of themselves, curious about what feelings/lack there of experienced, open to working through active/past MH struggles, such as self-confidence, depression, anxiety, relational conflict, trauma, stress, and more. My passion and hope for all my clients are captured well in this quote: "Whenever you find yourself doubting how far you can go, just remember how far you have come...everything you have faced, all the battles you have won, and all the fears you've overcome..."
(610) 609-8066 View (610) 609-8066
Photo of Michaela Herr Hlubik - Mindfully Rooted Art Therapy, MA, ATR-BC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Mindfully Rooted Art Therapy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, ATR-BC, LPC
Verified Verified
Narberth, PA 19072  (Online Only)
We are here for connection. It is as simple and as complicated as that. Are you needing to find your inner voice and create healthy boundaries for your life and relationships? Do you value mindfulness, art, and creativity? Are you struggling in your relationships, a life transition, or wrestle with chronic illness? Perhaps you have been searching for someone to LISTEN and discover the root cause of symptoms or behaviors.
We are here for connection. It is as simple and as complicated as that. Are you needing to find your inner voice and create healthy boundaries for your life and relationships? Do you value mindfulness, art, and creativity? Are you struggling in your relationships, a life transition, or wrestle with chronic illness? Perhaps you have been searching for someone to LISTEN and discover the root cause of symptoms or behaviors.
(814) 258-4891 View (814) 258-4891
Photo of Joseph L Nines - Joseph L. Nines, LLC, MA, PhD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Joseph L. Nines, LLC
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Flourtown, PA 19031
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and an Educator. I hold a Masters Degree in Clinical Psychology from LaSalle University and a Doctorate in Human Sexuality from Widener University. I maintain a private practice in Flourtown, Pennsylvania. I teach Clinical Counseling and Human Sexuality as an Adjunct Faculty member in LaSalle University's Graduate Psychology Program. I provide educational and clinical interventions in sexuality for parents, teachers and churches throughout the Philadelphia area.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and an Educator. I hold a Masters Degree in Clinical Psychology from LaSalle University and a Doctorate in Human Sexuality from Widener University. I maintain a private practice in Flourtown, Pennsylvania. I teach Clinical Counseling and Human Sexuality as an Adjunct Faculty member in LaSalle University's Graduate Psychology Program. I provide educational and clinical interventions in sexuality for parents, teachers and churches throughout the Philadelphia area.
(215) 826-3179 View (215) 826-3179
Photo of Dahlia Rifkin, MA, LPC, BC-DMT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dahlia Rifkin
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, BC-DMT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
You want to be the best version of yourself but you are worried you keep coming up short. You overthink things you said or did and feel anxious all the time. Perhaps you are struggling to move past previous traumas or a negative experiences in your life. You are motivated to make changes and you have tried some strategies but nothing works. You are looking for some immediate relief and solutions that will have a lasting impact. You often find yourself overworked, overwhelmed, or stressed out. There are so many things on your plate and it feels like you can never catch a break. Now is the time for a change.
You want to be the best version of yourself but you are worried you keep coming up short. You overthink things you said or did and feel anxious all the time. Perhaps you are struggling to move past previous traumas or a negative experiences in your life. You are motivated to make changes and you have tried some strategies but nothing works. You are looking for some immediate relief and solutions that will have a lasting impact. You often find yourself overworked, overwhelmed, or stressed out. There are so many things on your plate and it feels like you can never catch a break. Now is the time for a change.
(267) 376-7727 View (267) 376-7727
Photo of Meg Rogers, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Meg Rogers
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Havertown, PA 19083
Anxiety is a pain. Struggling with self-doubt and constant worry can be overwhelming. My clients feel like they’re never quite 'good enough.' They compare themselves to others and constantly criticize themselves. These habits feel helpful in the moment, but leave them feeling stressed, tired, and overwhelmed. They might even feel like they can't shake their past mistakes or traumas. So much so, that they don't get the opportunity to fully enjoy the lives they've built for themselves or their relationships. My clients want to slow down and rest but are afraid that if they do, they'll fail.
Anxiety is a pain. Struggling with self-doubt and constant worry can be overwhelming. My clients feel like they’re never quite 'good enough.' They compare themselves to others and constantly criticize themselves. These habits feel helpful in the moment, but leave them feeling stressed, tired, and overwhelmed. They might even feel like they can't shake their past mistakes or traumas. So much so, that they don't get the opportunity to fully enjoy the lives they've built for themselves or their relationships. My clients want to slow down and rest but are afraid that if they do, they'll fail.
(484) 559-5792 View (484) 559-5792
Photo of Cliff Weldon, MA, CAADC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Cliff Weldon
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, CAADC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Willow Grove, PA 19090  (Online Only)
All life issues offer an opportunity for growth, I base my process of therapy on the therapeutic relationship. No special psychotherapy techniques, my goal for you, is to have a better handle on your current challenge. We incorporate sand trays, an expressive therapy with children or adults to create scenes of miniature worlds that reflect a person's inner thoughts, struggles, and issues.
All life issues offer an opportunity for growth, I base my process of therapy on the therapeutic relationship. No special psychotherapy techniques, my goal for you, is to have a better handle on your current challenge. We incorporate sand trays, an expressive therapy with children or adults to create scenes of miniature worlds that reflect a person's inner thoughts, struggles, and issues.
(215) 631-3225 View (215) 631-3225
Photo of Amanda E. White - Therapy for Women, MA, LPC, NCC, BCD, Licensed Professional Counselor
Therapy for Women
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, BCD
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Does any of this sound like you? You're exhausted, anxious and stuck. Life feels overwhelming and no matter what you do, you don't feel good enough. It feels like everyone except you has it "together". Maybe you have all you wanted on paper but it you don't feel fulfilled. You beat yourself up, drink too much or are stuck in the cycle of trying the newest Tiktok welllness trend, hoping this will make you feel better. It's not working and you wonder if you will ever feel happy and content. It's time for a change.
Does any of this sound like you? You're exhausted, anxious and stuck. Life feels overwhelming and no matter what you do, you don't feel good enough. It feels like everyone except you has it "together". Maybe you have all you wanted on paper but it you don't feel fulfilled. You beat yourself up, drink too much or are stuck in the cycle of trying the newest Tiktok welllness trend, hoping this will make you feel better. It's not working and you wonder if you will ever feel happy and content. It's time for a change.
(215) 608-3540 View (215) 608-3540
Photo of Justin Arifaj, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Justin Arifaj
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Breinigsville, PA 18031  (Online Only)
You have the power to make change. My job is to help you make that happen. I offer a variety of services tailored to meet your needs including career counseling, coping skills, life changes, life coaching, martial and premartial counseling, parenting, relationships, academic and SEL for kids. I also enjoy working with groups to deliver dynamic professional development sessions and work with self-care. I can meet in person in our Wyomissing office, or by video. In person visits may optionally include taking a walk together as part of a coaching, therapy, or counseling session.
You have the power to make change. My job is to help you make that happen. I offer a variety of services tailored to meet your needs including career counseling, coping skills, life changes, life coaching, martial and premartial counseling, parenting, relationships, academic and SEL for kids. I also enjoy working with groups to deliver dynamic professional development sessions and work with self-care. I can meet in person in our Wyomissing office, or by video. In person visits may optionally include taking a walk together as part of a coaching, therapy, or counseling session.
(610) 772-8851 View (610) 772-8851
Photo of Melanated Healing : Amber Smith-Laventure, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melanated Healing : Amber Smith-Laventure
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Newtown Square, PA 19073  (Online Only)
Life can be HARD and so overwhelming at times. If you are struggling with issues related to trauma, anxiety, depression, womxanhood, racism, grief/loss or life/career transitions therapy can help. At Melanated Healing, we offer a safe and inclusive space where you can focus on your personal growth and healing journey. Our holistic approach to care embraces individuals of all backgrounds and experiences, fostering a sense of belonging and acceptance. It's time to dismantle the stigma surrounding mental health. Here you can enhance self-awareness, amplify your strengths, and heal from past and present experiences together.
Life can be HARD and so overwhelming at times. If you are struggling with issues related to trauma, anxiety, depression, womxanhood, racism, grief/loss or life/career transitions therapy can help. At Melanated Healing, we offer a safe and inclusive space where you can focus on your personal growth and healing journey. Our holistic approach to care embraces individuals of all backgrounds and experiences, fostering a sense of belonging and acceptance. It's time to dismantle the stigma surrounding mental health. Here you can enhance self-awareness, amplify your strengths, and heal from past and present experiences together.
(484) 209-8434 View (484) 209-8434
Photo of Allison Middleton, LSW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Allison Middleton
Pre-Licensed Professional, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19118
Texting available at 215-436-8115. You deserve the best version of you! There is hope. Are you looking for a safe space to explore yourself? Do you wish to learn how to affirm, support, and love yourself for being you? I can help you discover the self-care that is best for you and how to be the best in your relationships, using tools like the Enneagram. I am trauma informed and am happy to help change what is negatively impacting you in your life. I am also passionate about seeing couples and helping relationships develop true intimacy and healthy communication skills. This therapeutic relationship can change your life.
Texting available at 215-436-8115. You deserve the best version of you! There is hope. Are you looking for a safe space to explore yourself? Do you wish to learn how to affirm, support, and love yourself for being you? I can help you discover the self-care that is best for you and how to be the best in your relationships, using tools like the Enneagram. I am trauma informed and am happy to help change what is negatively impacting you in your life. I am also passionate about seeing couples and helping relationships develop true intimacy and healthy communication skills. This therapeutic relationship can change your life.
(215) 910-4073 View (215) 910-4073
Photo of Eric Bondy, LPC, MSEd, EdM, Licensed Professional Counselor
Eric Bondy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MSEd, EdM
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Carlisle, PA 17013
Many people experience feelings of anxiety about the future, struggle to find the motivation or energy to successfully face current problems, or feel misunderstood by others. Having support in the process of adjusting or changing your patterns of thinking and actions can help you fulfill your aspirations and enjoy greater happiness. I will help you work towards aligning your hopes and goals with productive and healthy ways of thinking and acting. My therapeutic approach allows you to identify and build upon your strengths while developing new skills and strategies that foster hope and help you face life challenges more effectively.
Many people experience feelings of anxiety about the future, struggle to find the motivation or energy to successfully face current problems, or feel misunderstood by others. Having support in the process of adjusting or changing your patterns of thinking and actions can help you fulfill your aspirations and enjoy greater happiness. I will help you work towards aligning your hopes and goals with productive and healthy ways of thinking and acting. My therapeutic approach allows you to identify and build upon your strengths while developing new skills and strategies that foster hope and help you face life challenges more effectively.
(717) 373-1376 View (717) 373-1376
Photo of Dr. Cathy Coleman, MA, DMFT, CLC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Dr. Cathy Coleman
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, DMFT, CLC
Verified Verified
Harrisburg, PA 17102
I am passionate about serving individuals, couples, and families who are working through various problems in life. My goal is to help you navigate the challenges of life and transition.
I am passionate about serving individuals, couples, and families who are working through various problems in life. My goal is to help you navigate the challenges of life and transition.
(717) 347-0858 View (717) 347-0858
Photo of Mike Ryan - Mike & Kim Couples & Family Counseling, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Mike & Kim Couples & Family Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Collegeville, PA 19426  (Online Only)
Has your relationship become toxic? Should you separate or get married? We will help you get those answers and more by giving you REAL practical tools through a powerfully unique CO-LED counseling approach that you won’t find offered in most practices. We are both married and licensed clinicians that conduct counseling sessions together with the couple; then Mike meets with the male and Kim meets with the female, for one on one individual session. We focus on relationships in crisis situations that NEED real change and real solutions FAST. This is the support you have been looking for. Call for a free consultation today!
Has your relationship become toxic? Should you separate or get married? We will help you get those answers and more by giving you REAL practical tools through a powerfully unique CO-LED counseling approach that you won’t find offered in most practices. We are both married and licensed clinicians that conduct counseling sessions together with the couple; then Mike meets with the male and Kim meets with the female, for one on one individual session. We focus on relationships in crisis situations that NEED real change and real solutions FAST. This is the support you have been looking for. Call for a free consultation today!
(484) 214-2998 View (484) 214-2998
Photo of Dr. Flora Casallas - Dr. Flora Casallas  Virtual Therapy in PA/NJ, PsyD, LPC, CADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dr. Flora Casallas Virtual Therapy in PA/NJ
Licensed Professional Counselor, PsyD, LPC, CADC
Verified Verified
Kintnersville, PA 18930  (Online Only)
I was born in Cali, Colombia, and moved to the United States at age 7. I am bicultural and bilingual (Spanish/English). I have two Master's degrees, one in Addictions and the other in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy from the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (PCOM). I also have a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology from PCOM. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor & a Certified Alcohol and Drug Counselor in PA and New York State. I have diverse and extensive professional experience. I have partnered with agencies such as Tesla,Google,Facebook,Starbucks & Ocean Spray. Google my name to get a sense of my accomplishments.
I was born in Cali, Colombia, and moved to the United States at age 7. I am bicultural and bilingual (Spanish/English). I have two Master's degrees, one in Addictions and the other in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy from the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (PCOM). I also have a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology from PCOM. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor & a Certified Alcohol and Drug Counselor in PA and New York State. I have diverse and extensive professional experience. I have partnered with agencies such as Tesla,Google,Facebook,Starbucks & Ocean Spray. Google my name to get a sense of my accomplishments.
(215) 515-2250 View (215) 515-2250
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Online Therapists

Is online therapy as effective as in-person?

Numerous studies suggest that online therapy can be as effective as in-person therapy. However, further research is needed to determine if online therapy provides the same benefits across all client populations. Individuals with severe mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, or those who may benefit from in-person check-ins, like those with eating disorders, may not experience the same level of benefit from online therapy. Nonetheless, the success of online therapy, much like in-person therapy, often hinges on the quality of the therapeutic relationship between the therapist and the client rather than the specific modality of therapy used.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of therapy conducted online?

One of the main advantages of online therapy is its convenience for both clients and therapists. It also allows clients who require specialized therapy to access a wider range of professionals than they could with only in-person sessions. Additionally, online therapy may be a more affordable option in some cases and often offers the same insurance benefits as in-person therapy. However, online therapy may not be suitable for everyone, especially those who value face-to-face interaction with a therapist. Therapists may find it more challenging to assess clients accurately in an online setting due to reduced nonverbal cues on camera. There is also the increased risk that disruptions caused by external factors, such as technology malfunctions, can hinder the therapy session. For these reasons, many therapists offer a "hybrid" therapeutic approach, alternating between seeing clients in-person and online.

Is online therapy suitable for children and adolescents?

Just like with adults, the accessibility and convenience of online therapy can greatly benefit children and adolescents. In fact, children and adolescents may be more accustomed to navigating online platforms than older adults, making online sessions feel more natural for them. Teens might also be interested in using additional online tools, such as therapist-recommended apps, as an adjunct to online therapy sessions. Apps for developing CBT skills, practicing mindfulness exercises, or tracking thoughts and moods can be helpful for teens receiving therapy. However, it's important to note that not all therapeutic modalities are well-suited to online therapy, especially those used with younger children. For example, play therapy, which helps younger children express their emotions, often requires in-person sessions to be fully effective.

Can I receive prescriptions and medication management with online therapy?

The ability for psychiatrists to prescribe medications through online therapy varies based on the medication and the states where the medical professional and client are located. While many prescribing regulations were relaxed during the COVID-19 pandemic, some states still enforce rules, especially concerning controlled substances, which may mandate an in-person visit before prescribing. Generally, however, medical professionals can prescribe non-controlled substances through online therapy sessions just as they do during in-person sessions.