Therapists in Chattanooga, TN

Photo of Isaac Monson, LPC, NCC, MBA, Licensed Professional Counselor
Isaac Monson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, MBA
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37411
Beginning counseling can feel daunting and overwhelming. While it can feel like stepping into uncharted waters, you often seek support when you are already feeling weak, tired, and eager for change. It is important to find a space where you can come just as you are and share, question, grieve - and even celebrate - whatever you may be facing. I have experience working with sex addiction, trauma, anxiety, depression, couples work, grief and loss, pre-marital counseling, and spiritual direction. I feel passionate about working with those who feel stuck- whether in self-discovery or in unhealthy behaviors.
Beginning counseling can feel daunting and overwhelming. While it can feel like stepping into uncharted waters, you often seek support when you are already feeling weak, tired, and eager for change. It is important to find a space where you can come just as you are and share, question, grieve - and even celebrate - whatever you may be facing. I have experience working with sex addiction, trauma, anxiety, depression, couples work, grief and loss, pre-marital counseling, and spiritual direction. I feel passionate about working with those who feel stuck- whether in self-discovery or in unhealthy behaviors.
(423) 205-5915 View (423) 205-5915
Photo of Phil Houston, LPC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Phil Houston
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37405
As a therapist, I will work with you to help strengthen the relationship with yourself while learning how to live a more meaningful life. Working with me, you will learn techniques and practices that help you to increase self-awareness and embrace the life you are wanting. Together, we will explore what is holding you back as you integrate tools that will support you in regulating your nervous system and processing emotions.
As a therapist, I will work with you to help strengthen the relationship with yourself while learning how to live a more meaningful life. Working with me, you will learn techniques and practices that help you to increase self-awareness and embrace the life you are wanting. Together, we will explore what is holding you back as you integrate tools that will support you in regulating your nervous system and processing emotions.
(423) 537-6661 View (423) 537-6661
Photo of Jennifer Morgan-Lambert, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer Morgan-Lambert
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37421
Waitlist for new clients
"You are the author of your own life story". As a therapist I strive to provide a safe and confidential environment where people can discuss their struggles and know that they will not be judged or criticized for talking about how they feel or think. I am experienced in the treatment of ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, behavior problems, family conflict, gender identify, grief, trauma and life stressors. I enjoy working with preteens, adolescents and adults by meeting the client where they are in life. I would enjoy the opportunity to meet with you to discuss your needs and work together to begin improving your current situation.
"You are the author of your own life story". As a therapist I strive to provide a safe and confidential environment where people can discuss their struggles and know that they will not be judged or criticized for talking about how they feel or think. I am experienced in the treatment of ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, behavior problems, family conflict, gender identify, grief, trauma and life stressors. I enjoy working with preteens, adolescents and adults by meeting the client where they are in life. I would enjoy the opportunity to meet with you to discuss your needs and work together to begin improving your current situation.
(423) 301-5218 View (423) 301-5218
Photo of Mike Coffey, MA, LMFT, MHSP, PLLC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Mike Coffey
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, MHSP, PLLC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37421  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I am not accepting new clients at this time.
I am not accepting new clients at this time.
(423) 401-9776 View (423) 401-9776
Photo of Becca Davis, LPC-MHS, CSAT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Becca Davis
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-MHS, CSAT
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37421
If you're here, chances are you and/or your loved one is in pain. You want solutions and someone who can help in a compassionate way no matter what your struggle is. I provide expert, professional therapy with in the context of understanding and acceptance, regardless of what behaviors you are struggling with. Using a variety of modalities, I seek to meet you where you are and help you achieve life-long change for yourself as well as in your relationships and family. It won't be easy, but it will be worth it!
If you're here, chances are you and/or your loved one is in pain. You want solutions and someone who can help in a compassionate way no matter what your struggle is. I provide expert, professional therapy with in the context of understanding and acceptance, regardless of what behaviors you are struggling with. Using a variety of modalities, I seek to meet you where you are and help you achieve life-long change for yourself as well as in your relationships and family. It won't be easy, but it will be worth it!
(423) 799-4377 View (423) 799-4377
Photo of Micah Arfons, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Micah Arfons
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37405
I am currently accepting new clients! I am passionate about working with those who are experiencing depression and anxiety from stage of life transitions, past trauma, codependency, postpartum, birth and abortion trauma and child loss, as well as couples who are seeking to build a healthy and lasting relationship. In my work as a Child Welfare Case Manager, later as a Crisis Counselor and now as an individual therapist, I have helped families and individuals navigate the most difficult times of their lives.
I am currently accepting new clients! I am passionate about working with those who are experiencing depression and anxiety from stage of life transitions, past trauma, codependency, postpartum, birth and abortion trauma and child loss, as well as couples who are seeking to build a healthy and lasting relationship. In my work as a Child Welfare Case Manager, later as a Crisis Counselor and now as an individual therapist, I have helped families and individuals navigate the most difficult times of their lives.
(423) 445-7084 View (423) 445-7084
Photo of Eryn Wilkinson, LPC, MHSP, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Eryn Wilkinson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, NCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37421
Not accepting new clients
"There is nothing wrong with you. There is something wrong with what happened to you." The ways we are treated by others can convince us that there is something inherently wrong with who we are. Trauma and negative life experiences teach us what to believe about ourselves and the world around us, but sometimes they inform us inaccurately. Whether you've experienced abuse, difficult relationships, loss, or grief, I would love the opportunity to join you as you rediscover who you are and walk into healing and wholeness.
"There is nothing wrong with you. There is something wrong with what happened to you." The ways we are treated by others can convince us that there is something inherently wrong with who we are. Trauma and negative life experiences teach us what to believe about ourselves and the world around us, but sometimes they inform us inaccurately. Whether you've experienced abuse, difficult relationships, loss, or grief, I would love the opportunity to join you as you rediscover who you are and walk into healing and wholeness.
(423) 430-9273 View (423) 430-9273
Photo of Frances Wyatt, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Frances Wyatt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37405
“I feel stuck…I’m not sure what to do…I don’t feel like myself…I'm overwhelmed…” Do any of those thoughts sound familiar? Are you lacking self-confidence, not sure of who you are, and trying to adjust to various life changes (university, the pandemic, new baby, new job, etc…)? If you are ready for a change, I can help you say “bye” to that mean critical voice inside your head. I will help you to slow down, walk through a journey of self-discovery, & give you the tools needed to have the audacity to be yourself.
“I feel stuck…I’m not sure what to do…I don’t feel like myself…I'm overwhelmed…” Do any of those thoughts sound familiar? Are you lacking self-confidence, not sure of who you are, and trying to adjust to various life changes (university, the pandemic, new baby, new job, etc…)? If you are ready for a change, I can help you say “bye” to that mean critical voice inside your head. I will help you to slow down, walk through a journey of self-discovery, & give you the tools needed to have the audacity to be yourself.
(423) 427-6186 View (423) 427-6186
Photo of Austin Murray, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Austin Murray
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37404  (Online Only)
Austin is a licensed Marriage and Family therapist who is enthusiastic about helping clients find positive change. He has experience working with individuals, couples, and families from a multiplicity of backgrounds, and enjoys finding out what “clicks” with each person. Austin employs creative techniques to help clients feel comfortable and confident during sessions, and he believes that incorporating an individual’s interests, hobbies, and passions into the therapeutic process can bolster their involvement and improve outcomes.
Austin is a licensed Marriage and Family therapist who is enthusiastic about helping clients find positive change. He has experience working with individuals, couples, and families from a multiplicity of backgrounds, and enjoys finding out what “clicks” with each person. Austin employs creative techniques to help clients feel comfortable and confident during sessions, and he believes that incorporating an individual’s interests, hobbies, and passions into the therapeutic process can bolster their involvement and improve outcomes.
(423) 401-6779 View (423) 401-6779
Photo of Rachael A Benson, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Rachael A Benson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37419
I am in the practice of helping people understand themselves and find pathways towards healing and success. Therefore, I have the honor of meeting you just as you are and seeing a glimpse of your inner world, what shaped you, and molded you into a complex individual and being. My desire is to understand where you have come from and where you would like to go. Through understanding we can begin the work of creating a path toward deeper reflection, healing and thriving.
I am in the practice of helping people understand themselves and find pathways towards healing and success. Therefore, I have the honor of meeting you just as you are and seeing a glimpse of your inner world, what shaped you, and molded you into a complex individual and being. My desire is to understand where you have come from and where you would like to go. Through understanding we can begin the work of creating a path toward deeper reflection, healing and thriving.
(423) 556-6941 View (423) 556-6941
Photo of Nancy Holland, MS, LPE, CPC
Nancy Holland
MS, LPE, CPC
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37421
Not accepting new clients
Choosing to make changes in our lives can be scary and challenging. Having the right individual to help you in facing those changes is imperative. I enjoy working with those interested in making changes in their lives whether it be in facing present life transitions and stressors or dealing with past events/traumas. I have great empathy, compassion and patience in working with those who want to tackle their challenges in a safe and supportive therapeutic environment. I would be honored to work with you and/or your loved one(s) to help you take the steps towards change in your journey through life.
Choosing to make changes in our lives can be scary and challenging. Having the right individual to help you in facing those changes is imperative. I enjoy working with those interested in making changes in their lives whether it be in facing present life transitions and stressors or dealing with past events/traumas. I have great empathy, compassion and patience in working with those who want to tackle their challenges in a safe and supportive therapeutic environment. I would be honored to work with you and/or your loved one(s) to help you take the steps towards change in your journey through life.
(423) 800-5099 View (423) 800-5099
Photo of Jess L. Harris, MEd, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jess L. Harris
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37404
I recognize that the world is largely set up by (and for) those who are neurotypical. For the ones who do not fall into that category (ex. those who have traits of ADHD, ASD, SPD, HSP, etc.) it can lead to some hardships that many do not even realize are factors in one’s everyday life. Because of this, I work hard to offer a space where you feel heard, understood, and valued. I don’t care for words like “fixing” or “normalizing,” but rather, I feel strongly about celebrating neurodivergence and uniqueness, and looking for the strengths that come from the ability to see and process the world in a different way.
I recognize that the world is largely set up by (and for) those who are neurotypical. For the ones who do not fall into that category (ex. those who have traits of ADHD, ASD, SPD, HSP, etc.) it can lead to some hardships that many do not even realize are factors in one’s everyday life. Because of this, I work hard to offer a space where you feel heard, understood, and valued. I don’t care for words like “fixing” or “normalizing,” but rather, I feel strongly about celebrating neurodivergence and uniqueness, and looking for the strengths that come from the ability to see and process the world in a different way.
(423) 250-9600 View (423) 250-9600
Photo of Dr. Tyler Rogers, PhD, LMFT, LPC, NCC, ACS, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Tyler Rogers
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT, LPC, NCC, ACS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37403
Couples- Are you and your spouse struggling to communicate, adjust to life with a new baby or multiple children, experiencing a betrayal, or to having difficulty in your sex life? Are you recovering from an affair, arguing family, finances, or work? Are you wondering if the relationship can be improved or saved at all? Individuals- Is your personal or family life increasingly difficult to manage? Are you kept up at night by anxiety or weighed down by depression? Do you feel lost in life? If any of these apply to your life, I would love to join you on your journey as a board certified clinician with a decade of experience.
Couples- Are you and your spouse struggling to communicate, adjust to life with a new baby or multiple children, experiencing a betrayal, or to having difficulty in your sex life? Are you recovering from an affair, arguing family, finances, or work? Are you wondering if the relationship can be improved or saved at all? Individuals- Is your personal or family life increasingly difficult to manage? Are you kept up at night by anxiety or weighed down by depression? Do you feel lost in life? If any of these apply to your life, I would love to join you on your journey as a board certified clinician with a decade of experience.
(423) 415-4231 x641 View (423) 415-4231 x641
Photo of Kathryn Parker, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kathryn Parker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37411
I have known since I was a teenager that I wanted to be a social worker. It was when I was 14 that an LCSW was able to connect with me and help me through a dark depression and the amplified anxiety that often goes along with it. It has been my passion since then to provide that same help to others. I have 15 years of experience working in the mental health field, 10 of those as an LCSW. I have experience with individual therapy and group therapy modalities, both on an outpatient and an inpatient basis.
I have known since I was a teenager that I wanted to be a social worker. It was when I was 14 that an LCSW was able to connect with me and help me through a dark depression and the amplified anxiety that often goes along with it. It has been my passion since then to provide that same help to others. I have 15 years of experience working in the mental health field, 10 of those as an LCSW. I have experience with individual therapy and group therapy modalities, both on an outpatient and an inpatient basis.
(423) 205-1258 View (423) 205-1258
Photo of Karla Del Carmen Dupre, LPC, MHSP, NCC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Karla Del Carmen Dupre
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC, MHSP, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37404  (Online Only)
Life can feel overwhelming and, in the midst of situations, you might feel stuck or broken and, no matter how hard you try, your efforts are simply not enough. We have all been there! Our thoughts are powerful and have a profound impact on how we see the world around us, develop and foster relationships and navigate through life’s challenges.
Life can feel overwhelming and, in the midst of situations, you might feel stuck or broken and, no matter how hard you try, your efforts are simply not enough. We have all been there! Our thoughts are powerful and have a profound impact on how we see the world around us, develop and foster relationships and navigate through life’s challenges.
(423) 594-2613 View (423) 594-2613
Photo of Victoria Elise Miller, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Victoria Elise Miller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37421
Asking for help is a strength, not a weakness. That knowledge is what led me to become a therapist ... how effective and life-changing therapy can be. I start where you, the client, is and we make a treatment plan together to reach the goals you would like to achieve. We will develop a working hypothesis that may change over time as new information is obtained. Many mental health issues begin with an event and the mental health issue, be it anxiety, panic attacks, depression, anger, unrelated phobia, facial tic, chronic pain, avoidant behavior, dysfunctional relationship pattern, stress and/or insomnia is the resulting symptom.
Asking for help is a strength, not a weakness. That knowledge is what led me to become a therapist ... how effective and life-changing therapy can be. I start where you, the client, is and we make a treatment plan together to reach the goals you would like to achieve. We will develop a working hypothesis that may change over time as new information is obtained. Many mental health issues begin with an event and the mental health issue, be it anxiety, panic attacks, depression, anger, unrelated phobia, facial tic, chronic pain, avoidant behavior, dysfunctional relationship pattern, stress and/or insomnia is the resulting symptom.
(423) 441-1797 View (423) 441-1797
Photo of Sarah Otis, PhD, Psychologist
Sarah Otis
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37411
Dr. Sarah Otis provides psychological and psychoeducational evaluations for a wide range of psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders including ADHD, learning disability, intellectual disability, autism, giftedness, and emotional/behavioral difficulties. She is passionate about helping others navigate cognitive and/or emotional difficulties by taking a strengths based approach and supporting growth through empirically supported recommendations and treatment. Sarah also provides psychotherapy and utilizes an integrative approach that is scientifically informed and psychodynamically influenced.
Dr. Sarah Otis provides psychological and psychoeducational evaluations for a wide range of psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders including ADHD, learning disability, intellectual disability, autism, giftedness, and emotional/behavioral difficulties. She is passionate about helping others navigate cognitive and/or emotional difficulties by taking a strengths based approach and supporting growth through empirically supported recommendations and treatment. Sarah also provides psychotherapy and utilizes an integrative approach that is scientifically informed and psychodynamically influenced.
(423) 919-9126 View (423) 919-9126
Scout Counseling, PLLC
LMFT, LPC, ACS
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37403
If you are at a point of needing change related to your relationships, marriage or otherwise, helping your distressed or challenging child, or healing from past wounds in your life, we are here to help. We help a variety of clients learn to process difficult things and learn new skills to grow and improve their lives and their significant relationships. We are a team structured, outcome focused practice near downtown Chattanooga. We aim to get results for you and give excellent care that is accessible to you by having accessible prices, schedules, and spaces (the views are great too)!
If you are at a point of needing change related to your relationships, marriage or otherwise, helping your distressed or challenging child, or healing from past wounds in your life, we are here to help. We help a variety of clients learn to process difficult things and learn new skills to grow and improve their lives and their significant relationships. We are a team structured, outcome focused practice near downtown Chattanooga. We aim to get results for you and give excellent care that is accessible to you by having accessible prices, schedules, and spaces (the views are great too)!
(423) 401-6126 View (423) 401-6126
Photo of Julie L Brown, LPC, MHSP, Counselor
Julie L Brown
Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37405
Not accepting new clients
I enjoy working with clients to clear past trauma or current blocks and assimilate the gifts that they discover within the process of unlocking habitual patterns and rejecting internal lies. I use mindful practice to support clients as they learn to become less judgmental of themselves and others and more compassionate. I believe that within this spaciousness we are able to open up into more of our true selves so that we have more insight and a broader view of our experiences. I see this as a creative, healing process.
I enjoy working with clients to clear past trauma or current blocks and assimilate the gifts that they discover within the process of unlocking habitual patterns and rejecting internal lies. I use mindful practice to support clients as they learn to become less judgmental of themselves and others and more compassionate. I believe that within this spaciousness we are able to open up into more of our true selves so that we have more insight and a broader view of our experiences. I see this as a creative, healing process.
(423) 465-4560 View (423) 465-4560
Photo of Jon Morgan, LPC, MHSP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jon Morgan
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37402
Mike Tyson once said "Everyone has a plan until they get punched in the face." I love this quote because it perfectly represents how life typically goes. We all start by creating a plan and then life, well, happens. We all get knocked down and inevitably we lose our plan. "You either quit or keep going .. they both hurt." Another great quote that perfectly represents therapy. Make no mistake, when done correctly, therapy is hard. However, this hard work will pay incredible dividends. So, if you've taken a few hits and lost your plan, maybe it's time to give therapy a try?
Mike Tyson once said "Everyone has a plan until they get punched in the face." I love this quote because it perfectly represents how life typically goes. We all start by creating a plan and then life, well, happens. We all get knocked down and inevitably we lose our plan. "You either quit or keep going .. they both hurt." Another great quote that perfectly represents therapy. Make no mistake, when done correctly, therapy is hard. However, this hard work will pay incredible dividends. So, if you've taken a few hits and lost your plan, maybe it's time to give therapy a try?
(423) 205-0947 View (423) 205-0947
1
...

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chattanooga, TN

500+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in Chattanooga, TN who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
84% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
75% Trauma and PTSD
74% Coping Skills
72% Stress

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% Cigna and Evernorth
74% Aetna
65% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chattanooga, TN see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chattanooga?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.