Therapists in Fairlawn, OH

Photo of Danielle S Rice, MEd, LPCC-s, Counselor
Danielle S Rice
Counselor, MEd, LPCC-s
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fairlawn, OH 44333
If you have made it this far, give yourself a pat on the back for taking the first steps towards a healthy mental health. I enjoy getting to know my clients in order to further understand their needs and stressors. I feel as though a client and therapist should build a good rapport while also dealing with issues as they surface. Clients who have reached this point are the ideal clients for me. I want to assist you in achieving your goals through brief, client centered therapy, while using motivational interviewing techniques, cognitive behavioral therapy, and always discussing the solution and goals at hand.
If you have made it this far, give yourself a pat on the back for taking the first steps towards a healthy mental health. I enjoy getting to know my clients in order to further understand their needs and stressors. I feel as though a client and therapist should build a good rapport while also dealing with issues as they surface. Clients who have reached this point are the ideal clients for me. I want to assist you in achieving your goals through brief, client centered therapy, while using motivational interviewing techniques, cognitive behavioral therapy, and always discussing the solution and goals at hand.
(330) 222-3818 View (330) 222-3818
Photo of Joshua Magleby, PhD, Psychologist
Joshua Magleby
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fairlawn, OH 44333
Joshua Magleby, PhD is a licensed clinical neuropsychologist who focuses on the treatment of neuropsychological and psychological disorders for all age ranges. He is primarily interested in child and adolescent psychological and neuropsychological disorders, including ADHD, learning disorders, Traumatic Brain Injury, disruptive behaviors, anxiety, depression, PTSD, and sleep problems. Dr. Magleby holds a doctorate degree in Educational Psychology from The University of Utah. He completed a two-year residency in Clinical Neuropsychology at The Cleveland Clinic, where he specialized in Pediatric and Adult Neuropsychology.
Joshua Magleby, PhD is a licensed clinical neuropsychologist who focuses on the treatment of neuropsychological and psychological disorders for all age ranges. He is primarily interested in child and adolescent psychological and neuropsychological disorders, including ADHD, learning disorders, Traumatic Brain Injury, disruptive behaviors, anxiety, depression, PTSD, and sleep problems. Dr. Magleby holds a doctorate degree in Educational Psychology from The University of Utah. He completed a two-year residency in Clinical Neuropsychology at The Cleveland Clinic, where he specialized in Pediatric and Adult Neuropsychology.
(440) 853-4332 View (440) 853-4332
Photo of Carly Battaglia, MA, LPCC
Carly Battaglia
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Fairlawn, OH 44333  (Online Only)
I have worked with young adults (college-age to late 20s) throughout the duration of my career and very much enjoy helping navigate both common and unique challenges of this phase of life. I also work with individuals struggling to manage their reactions to losses, whether it be the death of a loved one, an end to a relationship, the loss of a job etc. If you feel that you should be "over it" by now or you had a complicated or unhealthy relationship with a lost person, you may benefit from diving deeper into what has been triggered in order to heal.
I have worked with young adults (college-age to late 20s) throughout the duration of my career and very much enjoy helping navigate both common and unique challenges of this phase of life. I also work with individuals struggling to manage their reactions to losses, whether it be the death of a loved one, an end to a relationship, the loss of a job etc. If you feel that you should be "over it" by now or you had a complicated or unhealthy relationship with a lost person, you may benefit from diving deeper into what has been triggered in order to heal.
(513) 640-9629 View (513) 640-9629
Photo of Liz Couts, LPCC-S, LPC, CCTP I, BC-TMH
Liz Couts
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC-S, LPC, CCTP I, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Fairlawn, OH 44333  (Online Only)
I treat adults only, with a multitude of mental health concerns, but specialize in: trauma, post traumatic stress, depression/mood disorders, and various relationship issues. My approach is direct, interactive, warm and humorous, with evidence based practices. I pride myself on continuing to expand my education to be a well rounded and multi-faced practitioner. I aim to provide my clients with a safe space to grow, learn, and become the best version of themselves!
I treat adults only, with a multitude of mental health concerns, but specialize in: trauma, post traumatic stress, depression/mood disorders, and various relationship issues. My approach is direct, interactive, warm and humorous, with evidence based practices. I pride myself on continuing to expand my education to be a well rounded and multi-faced practitioner. I aim to provide my clients with a safe space to grow, learn, and become the best version of themselves!
(330) 510-2298 View (330) 510-2298
Photo of Linda Limburg, MAEd, LPCC-S, Counselor
Linda Limburg
Counselor, MAEd, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Fairlawn, OH 44333
Linda Limburg, LPCC, CDCA, is dedicated to helping individuals in Ohio navigate their mental health challenges with compassion and expertise. Her clientcentered approach allows her to connect deeply with those she works with, offering a supportive environment where individuals can explore a wide range of issues, including depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, and trauma. By integrating strengthbased techniques with a focus on individual needs, Linda helps her clients build resilience and achieve their personal goals.
Linda Limburg, LPCC, CDCA, is dedicated to helping individuals in Ohio navigate their mental health challenges with compassion and expertise. Her clientcentered approach allows her to connect deeply with those she works with, offering a supportive environment where individuals can explore a wide range of issues, including depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, and trauma. By integrating strengthbased techniques with a focus on individual needs, Linda helps her clients build resilience and achieve their personal goals.
(844) 233-3895 View (844) 233-3895
Photo of Robyn Skolnik, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Robyn Skolnik
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Fairlawn, OH 44333
Robyn Skolnik is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Ohio who has been practicing since 2011. She has dual Bachelors in Psychology and Sociology from Bowling Green State University and a Master of Arts in Marriage and Family Counseling from the University of Akron. Robyn feels strongly about the client having a say in their treatment, and finding interventions that work best for them and their needs. In her free time, Robyn enjoys traveling, going to baseball games, and spending time with her family. If you know Robyn then you also know she has a love of experiencing new pop culture things, from movies to music to food!
Robyn Skolnik is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Ohio who has been practicing since 2011. She has dual Bachelors in Psychology and Sociology from Bowling Green State University and a Master of Arts in Marriage and Family Counseling from the University of Akron. Robyn feels strongly about the client having a say in their treatment, and finding interventions that work best for them and their needs. In her free time, Robyn enjoys traveling, going to baseball games, and spending time with her family. If you know Robyn then you also know she has a love of experiencing new pop culture things, from movies to music to food!
(330) 997-3496 View (330) 997-3496
Photo of Maisha L.G. Mcintyre, LPCC-S, Counselor
Maisha L.G. Mcintyre
Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Fairlawn, OH 44333
We all experience times in our lives where we lose our way, feel sad or confused, and need help regaining our footing. There is nothing wrong with seeking a safe place and a friendly person to help you navigate a difficult season. My goal is to provide a non-judgmental, confidential space where together we can work through your concerns and challenges at a pace that is comfortable for you. I have experience working with diverse cultures and people of all ages.
We all experience times in our lives where we lose our way, feel sad or confused, and need help regaining our footing. There is nothing wrong with seeking a safe place and a friendly person to help you navigate a difficult season. My goal is to provide a non-judgmental, confidential space where together we can work through your concerns and challenges at a pace that is comfortable for you. I have experience working with diverse cultures and people of all ages.
(330) 236-0678 View (330) 236-0678
Photo of Morganne Byers-Robinson, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Morganne Byers-Robinson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Fairlawn, OH 44333
Not accepting new clients
It's hard to feel the weight of the world on your shoulders, isn't it? You shouldn't have to carry these burdens on your own, and through our counseling collaboration you won't need to. I strive to ensure a safe and empowering counseling relationship with my clients, and work alongside them to navigate their emotions, relationships, and identity. This counseling journey is yours, and I am simply working beside you through this experience.
It's hard to feel the weight of the world on your shoulders, isn't it? You shouldn't have to carry these burdens on your own, and through our counseling collaboration you won't need to. I strive to ensure a safe and empowering counseling relationship with my clients, and work alongside them to navigate their emotions, relationships, and identity. This counseling journey is yours, and I am simply working beside you through this experience.
(234) 657-3055 View (234) 657-3055
Photo of Andrea Lisowski, MSSA, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Andrea Lisowski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, LISW-S
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Fairlawn, OH 44333
Currently accepting new clients! I enjoy getting to know each of my clients and how I can best work with them. I’m passionate about helping people find meaning and purpose in their lives. I enjoy working with clients of all ages, and have a special interest in working with trauma/ PTSD, dissociation and sexual abuse. I currently see client's ages 3 and above.
Currently accepting new clients! I enjoy getting to know each of my clients and how I can best work with them. I’m passionate about helping people find meaning and purpose in their lives. I enjoy working with clients of all ages, and have a special interest in working with trauma/ PTSD, dissociation and sexual abuse. I currently see client's ages 3 and above.
(440) 290-5428 View (440) 290-5428
Photo of Paula S. Ignizio, LPCC-S, LICDC, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Paula S. Ignizio
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LPCC-S, LICDC
Verified Verified
Fairlawn, OH 44333
Paula Ignizio is a licensed professional clinical counselor and a licensed independent chemical dependency counselor. She received her bachelor's degree in psychology and master's degree in mental health counseling from Walden University. She has more than five years of clinical experience in community mental health, providing individual and group therapy to individuals ages 18+. Her areas of specialty include trauma, substance use disorders, process addiction (gambling, sex, internet, gaming, pornography, work, spending/shopping), LGBTQI issues and life transitions.
Paula Ignizio is a licensed professional clinical counselor and a licensed independent chemical dependency counselor. She received her bachelor's degree in psychology and master's degree in mental health counseling from Walden University. She has more than five years of clinical experience in community mental health, providing individual and group therapy to individuals ages 18+. Her areas of specialty include trauma, substance use disorders, process addiction (gambling, sex, internet, gaming, pornography, work, spending/shopping), LGBTQI issues and life transitions.
(330) 859-4229 View (330) 859-4229
Photo of Maria Wentz, LPCC, PMH-C
Maria Wentz
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Fairlawn, OH 44333
Anxiety, grief and loss, pregnancy/postpartum, trauma, OCD, depression, stress overload, self-esteem, and coping with life transitions---These are a few of the issues that I love exploring with clients. My style is to listen intently and form strong collaborative connections. (My clients have described me as “warm and caring.”) I will partner with you as we dig into patterns and problems to help get to the root of your concerns. Through this process I will help you gain insights and learn how to get unstuck, leading to healing and growth.
Anxiety, grief and loss, pregnancy/postpartum, trauma, OCD, depression, stress overload, self-esteem, and coping with life transitions---These are a few of the issues that I love exploring with clients. My style is to listen intently and form strong collaborative connections. (My clients have described me as “warm and caring.”) I will partner with you as we dig into patterns and problems to help get to the root of your concerns. Through this process I will help you gain insights and learn how to get unstuck, leading to healing and growth.
(234) 200-5762 View (234) 200-5762
Photo of Andrea D King, LPC , Licensed Professional Counselor
Andrea D King
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fairlawn, OH 44333
I have immediate openings & can schedule you for next week. I am a Licensed Therapist, who specializes in providing therapy to individuals, families, & couples. I have 4 years of experience providing therapy to teens & adults, families, & couples. I have a passion for working with depression, anxiety, trauma, grief & loss, & parenting issues. I take a person-centered approach to create a welcoming environment. I believe that having a strong therapeutic relationship is the key to effective counseling. I incorporate evidenced based modalities when providing therapy services. My goal is to make a positive change in your life.
I have immediate openings & can schedule you for next week. I am a Licensed Therapist, who specializes in providing therapy to individuals, families, & couples. I have 4 years of experience providing therapy to teens & adults, families, & couples. I have a passion for working with depression, anxiety, trauma, grief & loss, & parenting issues. I take a person-centered approach to create a welcoming environment. I believe that having a strong therapeutic relationship is the key to effective counseling. I incorporate evidenced based modalities when providing therapy services. My goal is to make a positive change in your life.
(330) 427-4145 View (330) 427-4145
Photo of Takiyah G. Small, LPCC-S
Takiyah G. Small
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Fairlawn, OH 44333
Life tends to bring about a set of challenges that can be difficult to manage without the right tools. Identifying the right people just to share your story with and get wise counsel can be even more challenging. Are you depressed, anxious, confused about your purpose and goals for your life or just flat out need someone to talk to...I’m here. I believe that everyone is born with the innate ability to thrive and persevere regardless of what the circumstances say. Have faith in yourself, acknowledge that inner strength, take one small step at a time and see results manifest in due time. Seeking help means you are almost there!
Life tends to bring about a set of challenges that can be difficult to manage without the right tools. Identifying the right people just to share your story with and get wise counsel can be even more challenging. Are you depressed, anxious, confused about your purpose and goals for your life or just flat out need someone to talk to...I’m here. I believe that everyone is born with the innate ability to thrive and persevere regardless of what the circumstances say. Have faith in yourself, acknowledge that inner strength, take one small step at a time and see results manifest in due time. Seeking help means you are almost there!
(330) 460-0113 View (330) 460-0113
Photo of Genaye Ladousier, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Genaye Ladousier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Fairlawn, OH 44333
Genaye Ladousier is a licensed independent social worker with twelve years of social service, case management and clinical experience. She earned her bachelor's degree in Child and Adolescent Development from California State University, Northridge and her master's degree in Social Work from California State University, Chico. She has advanced training in trauma therapy. As a certified yoga instructor, Genaye also offers a holistic approach to achieving balance between the mind and body.
Genaye Ladousier is a licensed independent social worker with twelve years of social service, case management and clinical experience. She earned her bachelor's degree in Child and Adolescent Development from California State University, Northridge and her master's degree in Social Work from California State University, Chico. She has advanced training in trauma therapy. As a certified yoga instructor, Genaye also offers a holistic approach to achieving balance between the mind and body.
(330) 302-2680 View (330) 302-2680
Photo of Lauren O'Brien, LPCC
Lauren O'Brien
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Fairlawn, OH 44333
Lauren O'Brien is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor-Supervisor who has been practicing since 2011. She graduated from John Carroll University in University Heights, Ohio with a Bachelor of Science in Psychology and a Master of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. Lauren believes in following her clients on their individual journey and joining with them to create an individualized approach to care. Lauren offers a humanistic approach to care, utilizing Cognitive Behavioral therapy, elements of Gestalt therapy and person-centered therapy.
Lauren O'Brien is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor-Supervisor who has been practicing since 2011. She graduated from John Carroll University in University Heights, Ohio with a Bachelor of Science in Psychology and a Master of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. Lauren believes in following her clients on their individual journey and joining with them to create an individualized approach to care. Lauren offers a humanistic approach to care, utilizing Cognitive Behavioral therapy, elements of Gestalt therapy and person-centered therapy.
(330) 642-3146 View (330) 642-3146
Photo of Desiree Untch, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Desiree Untch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Fairlawn, OH 44333
I am a clinical social worker with a specialized focus in the treatment of OCD, anxiety, and the related disorders. As a clinician, I recognize that OCD and anxiety can often consume our thoughts and force us to avoid people, places, and things while causing us to miss out on positive life experiences.
I am a clinical social worker with a specialized focus in the treatment of OCD, anxiety, and the related disorders. As a clinician, I recognize that OCD and anxiety can often consume our thoughts and force us to avoid people, places, and things while causing us to miss out on positive life experiences.
(330) 331-6296 View (330) 331-6296
Photo of Lanaya McDonald, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lanaya McDonald
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Fairlawn, OH 44333  (Online Only)
Thank you for taking the time to review my profile. I have a passion for helping people. I became a therapist to help and encourage people. I have a wide variety of experience. I worked in community health for several years. During that time, I saw a multitude up clients with a variety of issues to include but not limited to addiction, depression, bi - polar disorder, and many others. I provided care inpatient and outpatient and ran many different types of groups for adults and children. I worked with children and families on our juvenile unit as well.
Thank you for taking the time to review my profile. I have a passion for helping people. I became a therapist to help and encourage people. I have a wide variety of experience. I worked in community health for several years. During that time, I saw a multitude up clients with a variety of issues to include but not limited to addiction, depression, bi - polar disorder, and many others. I provided care inpatient and outpatient and ran many different types of groups for adults and children. I worked with children and families on our juvenile unit as well.
(330) 366-1893 View (330) 366-1893
Photo of Michael S Bullock, MSSA, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michael S Bullock
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, LISW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fairlawn, OH 44333
I have worked with adults and children since 1984 assisting them to live a more full life in spite of a chronic illness. The illnesses vary. We all struggle with health concerns. I've helped people struggling with both thought and mood disorders, people with anxiety disorders, people struggling with addictions and children and adults coming to grips with trauma. It is important for the people I serve to set reasonable goals to help the person live a more full life with less pain.
I have worked with adults and children since 1984 assisting them to live a more full life in spite of a chronic illness. The illnesses vary. We all struggle with health concerns. I've helped people struggling with both thought and mood disorders, people with anxiety disorders, people struggling with addictions and children and adults coming to grips with trauma. It is important for the people I serve to set reasonable goals to help the person live a more full life with less pain.
(330) 222-6236 View (330) 222-6236
Photo of Tianyi Bai, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tianyi Bai
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Fairlawn, OH 44333
I have immediate openings for adolescents, adults, families, & couples who are in need of therapy services. I am a dedicated Licensed Social Worker with a passion for helping individuals from all walks of life overcome their challenges. I firmly believe in the power of building strong and trusting relationships with my clients. I understand that genuine connections are fundamental to facilitating positive and lasting changes in your life. Through empathy and active listening, I create a safe & supportive space where individuals can freely explore their concerns and collaboratively work towards achieving your goals.
I have immediate openings for adolescents, adults, families, & couples who are in need of therapy services. I am a dedicated Licensed Social Worker with a passion for helping individuals from all walks of life overcome their challenges. I firmly believe in the power of building strong and trusting relationships with my clients. I understand that genuine connections are fundamental to facilitating positive and lasting changes in your life. Through empathy and active listening, I create a safe & supportive space where individuals can freely explore their concerns and collaboratively work towards achieving your goals.
(330) 862-9367 View (330) 862-9367
Photo of Barbara Elaine Vetter, MA, LPCC, Counselor
Barbara Elaine Vetter
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Fairlawn, OH 44333
I am a licensed professional clinical counselor available for individual as well as marital and family counseling. My background covers a diverse career scope which includes extensive experience in healing the wounded soul. I have been married for 31 years and have 2 children. My counseling orientation ranges from assisting you in exploring issues through Narrative Therapy or educational training through Cognitive Behavioral Techniques. Or for those who desire to explore deep emotional issues, I have been thoroughly trained in "Inner healing" techniques to aid in processing events to as deep a level as you desire to journey.
I am a licensed professional clinical counselor available for individual as well as marital and family counseling. My background covers a diverse career scope which includes extensive experience in healing the wounded soul. I have been married for 31 years and have 2 children. My counseling orientation ranges from assisting you in exploring issues through Narrative Therapy or educational training through Cognitive Behavioral Techniques. Or for those who desire to explore deep emotional issues, I have been thoroughly trained in "Inner healing" techniques to aid in processing events to as deep a level as you desire to journey.
(330) 591-4978 View (330) 591-4978
1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Fairlawn, OH

70+

Average cost per session

$115

Therapists in Fairlawn, OH who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Trauma and PTSD
74% Grief
66% Relationship Issues
66% Self Esteem
64% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% Cigna and Evernorth
83% Aetna
81% Medical Mutual

How Therapists in Fairlawn, OH see their clients

88% In Person and Online
12% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Fairlawn?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.