Therapists in Northampton County, PA

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Photo of Michelle Dianne Sepulveda, M Ed, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Michelle Dianne Sepulveda
Licensed Professional Counselor, M Ed, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Easton, PA 18042
Not accepting new clients
Do you often feel like life is throwing you curve ball after curve ball? Daily stressors leaving you exhausted and overwhelmed? Anxiety? Depression? Irritability? Difficulty organizing yourself or losing Focus? Past Trauma? I admire you for seeking help. I have over 12 years of experience as a therapist, and my goal is to meet you where you are in the present moment and provide you with a safe, accepting, and supportive environment to develop skills that will promote healing and growth. Together we will work on identifying your needs and using your strengths to develop a healthy balance and happiness in life.
Do you often feel like life is throwing you curve ball after curve ball? Daily stressors leaving you exhausted and overwhelmed? Anxiety? Depression? Irritability? Difficulty organizing yourself or losing Focus? Past Trauma? I admire you for seeking help. I have over 12 years of experience as a therapist, and my goal is to meet you where you are in the present moment and provide you with a safe, accepting, and supportive environment to develop skills that will promote healing and growth. Together we will work on identifying your needs and using your strengths to develop a healthy balance and happiness in life.
(484) 749-0957 View (484) 749-0957
Photo of Dianne Michels, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dianne Michels
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
If you've been struggling with anxiety, depression, grief or trauma, I can help. It's easy to become isolated and discouraged when facing these issues, but there is a way out. Most of the people I have worked with see improvements in their relationships, life goals, confidence and just feeling more at peace. I believe strongly in a collaborative therapeutic partnership and have the knowledge and experience to see you through the hard times to develop better coping strategies. I enjoy working with people of all ages and walks of life.
If you've been struggling with anxiety, depression, grief or trauma, I can help. It's easy to become isolated and discouraged when facing these issues, but there is a way out. Most of the people I have worked with see improvements in their relationships, life goals, confidence and just feeling more at peace. I believe strongly in a collaborative therapeutic partnership and have the knowledge and experience to see you through the hard times to develop better coping strategies. I enjoy working with people of all ages and walks of life.
(610) 320-2366 x1 View (610) 320-2366 x1
Photo of Don R Brown - Don Brown, Christian Counselor, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Don Brown, Christian Counselor
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18020
I believe my non-judgmental and warm demeanor allows people to feel at ease and more willing to share issues that lead them to seek counsel. While I am trained in counseling theories and techniques, I believe using the Bible as the fundamental guide in exploring the emotions that often paralyze our daily lives and relationships. Self reflection, forgiveness, effective communications, healthy boundaries and expectations all play a role in finding a sense of peace within ourselves and our relationships.
I believe my non-judgmental and warm demeanor allows people to feel at ease and more willing to share issues that lead them to seek counsel. While I am trained in counseling theories and techniques, I believe using the Bible as the fundamental guide in exploring the emotions that often paralyze our daily lives and relationships. Self reflection, forgiveness, effective communications, healthy boundaries and expectations all play a role in finding a sense of peace within ourselves and our relationships.
(908) 364-5705 View (908) 364-5705
Photo of Amber Karom, LCSW, CCTP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amber Karom
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Easton, PA 18045  (Online Only)
Sometimes we all need a little extra support. Life can be challenging, and having a safe space is vital to our overall wellness. My name is Amber Karom, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional. As a mental health therapist, I will maintain a safe space for you. I understand how important a therapeutic relationship is, and I will work with you to identify your therapeutic goals. Together we will work on identifying areas of growth that you desire.
Sometimes we all need a little extra support. Life can be challenging, and having a safe space is vital to our overall wellness. My name is Amber Karom, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional. As a mental health therapist, I will maintain a safe space for you. I understand how important a therapeutic relationship is, and I will work with you to identify your therapeutic goals. Together we will work on identifying areas of growth that you desire.
(484) 601-5322 View (484) 601-5322
Photo of Diane R Morris - 3D Therapy, MS, CADC, LPC, CET II, Licensed Professional Counselor
3D Therapy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, CADC, LPC, CET II
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Want emotional, psychological and spiritual change? I can help. I am passionate about working with people who want to understand and change the repetitive patterns that keep them stuck. I help people look at adult relationship patterns and connect them to issues stemming from their families of origin. Together, we will develop a plan for living an authentic life, freedom from bondage of self, with integrity and inner peace. I would be honored to be a part of your soul healing journey. I offer hope.
Want emotional, psychological and spiritual change? I can help. I am passionate about working with people who want to understand and change the repetitive patterns that keep them stuck. I help people look at adult relationship patterns and connect them to issues stemming from their families of origin. Together, we will develop a plan for living an authentic life, freedom from bondage of self, with integrity and inner peace. I would be honored to be a part of your soul healing journey. I offer hope.
(484) 309-5374 View (484) 309-5374
Photo of Ashley Bass, MA, NCC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Ashley Bass
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Emotions can often seem overwhelming, but they serve a purpose in pointing to what needs our attention. There tends to be parts of ourselves that we don’t understand or want to suppress, which causes stress and misalignment. I love guiding people through more deeply understanding themselves, having more compassion and acceptance for their emotions and experiences, and encouraging new perspectives by testing outdated beliefs, in order to experience more joy and fulfillment.
Emotions can often seem overwhelming, but they serve a purpose in pointing to what needs our attention. There tends to be parts of ourselves that we don’t understand or want to suppress, which causes stress and misalignment. I love guiding people through more deeply understanding themselves, having more compassion and acceptance for their emotions and experiences, and encouraging new perspectives by testing outdated beliefs, in order to experience more joy and fulfillment.
(484) 971-7561 View (484) 971-7561
Photo of Toni-Ann McErlean, MS, Pre-Licensed Professional
Toni-Ann McErlean
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
How did I get here? How do I get things back things back on track? Through counseling you will find the tools to challenge problematic behaviors and thoughts patterns and resolve them. I have skill and experience working with adolescents as young as 13 and adults. My main areas of clinical expertise include substance use, gambling addiction, anxiety, adjustment to life transitions, depression, bi-polar, self-esteem, relational issues, Borderline Personality Disorder, stress, imposter syndrome (career issues or phase of life issues), women’s issues, sexuality issues, coping skills, codependency and family conflict.
How did I get here? How do I get things back things back on track? Through counseling you will find the tools to challenge problematic behaviors and thoughts patterns and resolve them. I have skill and experience working with adolescents as young as 13 and adults. My main areas of clinical expertise include substance use, gambling addiction, anxiety, adjustment to life transitions, depression, bi-polar, self-esteem, relational issues, Borderline Personality Disorder, stress, imposter syndrome (career issues or phase of life issues), women’s issues, sexuality issues, coping skills, codependency and family conflict.
(610) 320-2366 x1 View (610) 320-2366 x1
Photo of Catherine Nonnemacher, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Catherine Nonnemacher
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Are you or a child in your life struggling with depression, self-injurious behavior, anxiety, ADHD or major life changes? These challenges can be difficult to face on your own. Getting help can make the difference in learning the skills you need to accomplish the goals that are important to you and get what you want out of life. If you're feeling "stuck" and mental health problems are stopping you from living the life you want, I can help you find a pathway forward.
Are you or a child in your life struggling with depression, self-injurious behavior, anxiety, ADHD or major life changes? These challenges can be difficult to face on your own. Getting help can make the difference in learning the skills you need to accomplish the goals that are important to you and get what you want out of life. If you're feeling "stuck" and mental health problems are stopping you from living the life you want, I can help you find a pathway forward.
(484) 778-4619 View (484) 778-4619
Photo of Nikida Capasso, MSW, LCSW, CTSP, CCTP, CMBST, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nikida Capasso
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, CTSP, CCTP, CMBST
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
I have experience with various clients from diverse backgrounds across a multitude of different settings. I have experience within child welfare, hospital, community mental health, and school settings. I primarily work with children/adolescents, adults, and families. I have a client-centered, solution focused approach to my practice. I assist clients to make positive life changes in order to keep moving forward towards life goals.
I have experience with various clients from diverse backgrounds across a multitude of different settings. I have experience within child welfare, hospital, community mental health, and school settings. I primarily work with children/adolescents, adults, and families. I have a client-centered, solution focused approach to my practice. I assist clients to make positive life changes in order to keep moving forward towards life goals.
(484) 946-3997 View (484) 946-3997
Photo of Deborah Knecht, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Deborah Knecht
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017  (Online Only)
Deborah "Deb" Knecht is a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Pennsylvania. She is a seasoned therapist who has vast experience in the mental health field. She graduated from Marywood University with a Master of Arts in Mental Health Counseling.
Deborah "Deb" Knecht is a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Pennsylvania. She is a seasoned therapist who has vast experience in the mental health field. She graduated from Marywood University with a Master of Arts in Mental Health Counseling.
(484) 759-9596 View (484) 759-9596
Photo of Molli Zielinski, BS, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Molli Zielinski
Licensed Professional Counselor, BS, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Easton, PA 18042
Have you been struggling with depressive or anxious thoughts, negative views of yourself or not knowing how to deal with life stressors? Sometimes the hardest step is to admit that you need guidance and direction, but getting help can be the first step to feeling better. I am here to provide a non judgmental, calm and productive environment to help move past that first step.
Have you been struggling with depressive or anxious thoughts, negative views of yourself or not knowing how to deal with life stressors? Sometimes the hardest step is to admit that you need guidance and direction, but getting help can be the first step to feeling better. I am here to provide a non judgmental, calm and productive environment to help move past that first step.
(484) 469-9164 View (484) 469-9164
Photo of Stephanie Barnett, MACC, CAADC, CCTP, CIMHP, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Stephanie Barnett
Licensed Professional Counselor, MACC, CAADC, CCTP, CIMHP, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017
My therapeutic approach is rooted in the belief that human beings are intrinsically good, able to heal, and to grow. Life is sometimes challenging and painful. By choosing to enter counseling you are taking the first step towards growth and moving through these challenges. I believe in a client centered approach acknowledging that you are the only one living in your body, mind, and spirit. My role is to help you navigate your internal process to a place where you feel more at peace.
My therapeutic approach is rooted in the belief that human beings are intrinsically good, able to heal, and to grow. Life is sometimes challenging and painful. By choosing to enter counseling you are taking the first step towards growth and moving through these challenges. I believe in a client centered approach acknowledging that you are the only one living in your body, mind, and spirit. My role is to help you navigate your internal process to a place where you feel more at peace.
(484) 998-1262 View (484) 998-1262
Photo of Alexandra Vandak - ruLiving Institute, MS, LPC, LCMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
ruLiving Institute
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18016
You have come here today because there is something on your mind. It may be anxiety, loss, money, career, painful relationships—a life you are not completely satisfied with living. Regardless of what brought you- counseling and coaching with ruLiving will allow you to examine what thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are keeping you from the peace, relationships, and life you want. In this powerful relationship, you will unlock your strengths and potential to achieve what is most important to you once and for all.
You have come here today because there is something on your mind. It may be anxiety, loss, money, career, painful relationships—a life you are not completely satisfied with living. Regardless of what brought you- counseling and coaching with ruLiving will allow you to examine what thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are keeping you from the peace, relationships, and life you want. In this powerful relationship, you will unlock your strengths and potential to achieve what is most important to you once and for all.
(610) 708-1434 View (610) 708-1434
Photo of Jami Dumler, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jami Dumler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017  (Online Only)
Jami Dumler is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the state of Pennsylvania and a Nationally Certified Trauma Focused-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy provider. Jami has over 4 years of experience partnering with clients across the lifespan seeking help with various mood and anxiety disorders, family conflict and relationship stressors, traumatic experiences, and life transitions such as loss, divorce, career changes, and weight loss journeys. Jami has experience working with clients aged 3-65+ in individual, family, and couples therapy.
Jami Dumler is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the state of Pennsylvania and a Nationally Certified Trauma Focused-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy provider. Jami has over 4 years of experience partnering with clients across the lifespan seeking help with various mood and anxiety disorders, family conflict and relationship stressors, traumatic experiences, and life transitions such as loss, divorce, career changes, and weight loss journeys. Jami has experience working with clients aged 3-65+ in individual, family, and couples therapy.
(484) 207-5546 View (484) 207-5546
Photo of Curtis G Kemmerer, MDiv, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Curtis G Kemmerer
Marriage & Family Therapist, MDiv, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017
Not accepting new clients
You're not content with your relationship? He seems more distant? She complains too much? You worry about fidelity? You and your child argue often? Your child seems too quiet? You're too sad or worried? You've grieving a loss? Call me! A marriage and family therapist and pastoral counselor, I embody compassion in my work. People find client centered, solution based, strength focused process a way to heal and grow as they live challenges of death/loss, isolation, meaning and freedom/responsibility. As the saying goes: you can talk it out or you will act it out!
You're not content with your relationship? He seems more distant? She complains too much? You worry about fidelity? You and your child argue often? Your child seems too quiet? You're too sad or worried? You've grieving a loss? Call me! A marriage and family therapist and pastoral counselor, I embody compassion in my work. People find client centered, solution based, strength focused process a way to heal and grow as they live challenges of death/loss, isolation, meaning and freedom/responsibility. As the saying goes: you can talk it out or you will act it out!
(484) 629-8983 View (484) 629-8983
Photo of Nicole A Hayes, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nicole A Hayes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Easton, PA 18045  (Online Only)
When experiencing life's many challenges it can be hard to stay motivated and hopeful. I can offer support, encouragement, and guidance while providing practical skills that meet your unique needs. In my practice, I view the client-therapist relationship as one that is collaborative and I utilize a strength-based and solution-focused approach. You will be provided a safe space for you to explore your thoughts and feelings free of judgment while we work together to achieve your goals. I strive for my clients to feel respected, heard, and validated during sessions.
When experiencing life's many challenges it can be hard to stay motivated and hopeful. I can offer support, encouragement, and guidance while providing practical skills that meet your unique needs. In my practice, I view the client-therapist relationship as one that is collaborative and I utilize a strength-based and solution-focused approach. You will be provided a safe space for you to explore your thoughts and feelings free of judgment while we work together to achieve your goals. I strive for my clients to feel respected, heard, and validated during sessions.
(484) 255-4172 View (484) 255-4172
Photo of Stacie Searle, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stacie Searle
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Therapy is a place to explore and understand, a place to be heard and to use your voice, a place to recognize and embrace your worth, a place to learn that you are stronger than you think and more valuable than you ever thought. A place to just be. With a deep commitment to fostering positive change, I collaborate closely with clients to develop personalized treatment plans tailored to their unique needs and goals. Whether you are grappling with anxiety, depression, trauma, or relationship challenges, I will employ a strengths-based perspective to empower you in your journey toward healing and growth.
Therapy is a place to explore and understand, a place to be heard and to use your voice, a place to recognize and embrace your worth, a place to learn that you are stronger than you think and more valuable than you ever thought. A place to just be. With a deep commitment to fostering positive change, I collaborate closely with clients to develop personalized treatment plans tailored to their unique needs and goals. Whether you are grappling with anxiety, depression, trauma, or relationship challenges, I will employ a strengths-based perspective to empower you in your journey toward healing and growth.
(484) 749-9181 View (484) 749-9181
Photo of May Bassem Ambrogi - Mindful Transformations Counseling, May Ambrogi, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mindful Transformations Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, May Ambrogi, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Experiencing trauma (little and big T traumas) seems to be a part of everyone's life at some point. In my 20 years experience, I see that trauma and chronic stress often lead to, or exacerbate, feelings of depression, anxiety or being "stuck." Being specialty-trained, open-minded and client-needs driven, at MTC, we are able to adeptly challenge clients while also re-building their hope and sense of worthiness so that they may feel good and safe while moving past their comfort zones. (NOTE: Please see the website for my staff's bios. Currently accepting insurances & self-pay clients for my staff.)
Experiencing trauma (little and big T traumas) seems to be a part of everyone's life at some point. In my 20 years experience, I see that trauma and chronic stress often lead to, or exacerbate, feelings of depression, anxiety or being "stuck." Being specialty-trained, open-minded and client-needs driven, at MTC, we are able to adeptly challenge clients while also re-building their hope and sense of worthiness so that they may feel good and safe while moving past their comfort zones. (NOTE: Please see the website for my staff's bios. Currently accepting insurances & self-pay clients for my staff.)
(484) 702-6205 View (484) 702-6205
Photo of Ian Wagner, NCC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ian Wagner
Licensed Professional Counselor, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Not accepting new clients
My belief is that the best clinical tool is the relationship between counselor and client, so I will focus on getting to know you, how you want to live your life and what goals are most important to you. As a gay male of color, I am part of two underserved communities, and I accept and respect the responsibility my position holds. I proudly work with my peers, both LGBT+ and individuals of color.
My belief is that the best clinical tool is the relationship between counselor and client, so I will focus on getting to know you, how you want to live your life and what goals are most important to you. As a gay male of color, I am part of two underserved communities, and I accept and respect the responsibility my position holds. I proudly work with my peers, both LGBT+ and individuals of color.
(610) 646-5079 View (610) 646-5079
Photo of Rachel Kelly, MACP, NCC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rachel Kelly
Licensed Professional Counselor, MACP, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18017  (Online Only)
Rachel Kelly is a Licensed Professional Counselor with 14 years in the mental health and addictions field. Rachel works with adults who are seeking help for trauma, addiction, anxiety, depression, Women’s issues, and life transitions. She completed her Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Lock Haven University and received her Master of Arts in Counseling Psychology from Arcadia University.
Rachel Kelly is a Licensed Professional Counselor with 14 years in the mental health and addictions field. Rachel works with adults who are seeking help for trauma, addiction, anxiety, depression, Women’s issues, and life transitions. She completed her Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Lock Haven University and received her Master of Arts in Counseling Psychology from Arcadia University.
(484) 430-3259 View (484) 430-3259

See more therapy options for Northampton County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Northampton County, PA

400+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Northampton County, PA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
74% Self Esteem
73% Coping Skills
71% Relationship Issues
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Aetna
76% Highmark
67% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Northampton County, PA see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Northampton County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.