Trauma and PTSD Therapists in Moscow, PA

Photo of Jennifer Julstedt, MS, NCC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jennifer Julstedt
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Moscow, PA 18444  (Online Only)
Helping individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma among other problem areas.
Do you feel stuck, trapped, that you are not living the life you want for yourself?Are you triggered by certain events, people or not sure what is creating negative feelings? I am caring, compassionate and want to see people become their best self, no matter what struggles they have had.
Helping individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma among other problem areas.
Do you feel stuck, trapped, that you are not living the life you want for yourself?Are you triggered by certain events, people or not sure what is creating negative feelings? I am caring, compassionate and want to see people become their best self, no matter what struggles they have had.
(272) 359-8600 View (272) 359-8600
Photo of Kristy Frick - Frick Counseling, MS, CRC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Frick Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, CRC, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Moscow, PA 18444
Unable to accept referrals until Fall 2024. My ideal client is someone who may be facing grief and loss, trauma, disability or chronic illness, LGBTQ+ issues, or just have a sense that a big shift is necessary to live the life they desire and deserve. My hope is that you have a curiosity to go below the surface and dig deep, a willingness to be patient, kind and compassionate to yourself, and maybe even be interested in learning more about your brain and body and willing to learn ways to support them. But, if that's not you, that's ok! I love working with all types of people and supporting their growth - wherever that may go.
Unable to accept referrals until Fall 2024. My ideal client is someone who may be facing grief and loss, trauma, disability or chronic illness, LGBTQ+ issues, or just have a sense that a big shift is necessary to live the life they desire and deserve. My hope is that you have a curiosity to go below the surface and dig deep, a willingness to be patient, kind and compassionate to yourself, and maybe even be interested in learning more about your brain and body and willing to learn ways to support them. But, if that's not you, that's ok! I love working with all types of people and supporting their growth - wherever that may go.
(570) 664-9785 View (570) 664-9785
Photo of Rebecca Kashuba, MSW, LSW
Rebecca Kashuba
MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Moscow, PA 18444  (Online Only)
I specifically work with individuals’ who have trauma throughout their lives through different CBT and DBT techniques.
Hi! It’s a pleasure to meet you! I know looking for someone to talk to can be scary (and a little bit frustrating) but I am here to help! I approach therapy a little bit differently than some; I think of it more of a relationship between two people with an emphasis on respect and honesty. I have worked with individuals’ who are survivors of sexual abuse, child abuse, sex offenders, diagnosed with Dissociative Identity Disorder, anxiety and numerous of other diagnosis.
I specifically work with individuals’ who have trauma throughout their lives through different CBT and DBT techniques.
Hi! It’s a pleasure to meet you! I know looking for someone to talk to can be scary (and a little bit frustrating) but I am here to help! I approach therapy a little bit differently than some; I think of it more of a relationship between two people with an emphasis on respect and honesty. I have worked with individuals’ who are survivors of sexual abuse, child abuse, sex offenders, diagnosed with Dissociative Identity Disorder, anxiety and numerous of other diagnosis.
(570) 519-2287 View (570) 519-2287
Photo of Lauren Sebring - Creekside Counseling Services LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Creekside Counseling Services LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Moscow, PA 18444  (Online Only)
Counseling is an imperative aspect to a person's overall health. Most people view counseling as a way to resolve any issues they may be experiencing. I view counseling as an aid to help a person live their most fulfilling life while working on any issues that may arise in the process. As your counselor, I offer an authentic and genuine interaction that is unbiased. I am dedicated to guiding you through life's challenges. My goal is create a space where you will feel comfortable to begin working on yourself.
Counseling is an imperative aspect to a person's overall health. Most people view counseling as a way to resolve any issues they may be experiencing. I view counseling as an aid to help a person live their most fulfilling life while working on any issues that may arise in the process. As your counselor, I offer an authentic and genuine interaction that is unbiased. I am dedicated to guiding you through life's challenges. My goal is create a space where you will feel comfortable to begin working on yourself.
(570) 984-1134 View (570) 984-1134
Photo of Amy Quinn, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Amy Quinn
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Moscow, PA 18444
An ideal client for me is one who is looking for some direction. They are open to trying suggested coping skills or ways of thinking and perhaps just need some empathy, reassurance and professional insight in order to move forward in their lives or even to move in a new direction.
An ideal client for me is one who is looking for some direction. They are open to trying suggested coping skills or ways of thinking and perhaps just need some empathy, reassurance and professional insight in order to move forward in their lives or even to move in a new direction.
(570) 795-4359 View (570) 795-4359

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Carrie Johanson, PhD, MS, MA, Psychologist
Carrie Johanson
Psychologist, PhD, MS, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Scranton, PA 18505
My work is typically about making changes from topics like relationships, work, and trauma.
I work with individuals and couples that are burdened with unprecedented responsibility right now. Impossible expectations often lead to isolation and discourse, hiding our fears and doubts, and resentments. Hiding our true selves can increase negative coping skills, like over or under eating/drinking/sleeping. Therapy can become a place to process and share your inner thoughts and concerns, find balance, and find some new tools to feeling more grounded. I work with folks to feel confident to be transparent to loved ones and seek changes to improve their daily lives. My couples leave empowered to have the tough talks without fear.
My work is typically about making changes from topics like relationships, work, and trauma.
I work with individuals and couples that are burdened with unprecedented responsibility right now. Impossible expectations often lead to isolation and discourse, hiding our fears and doubts, and resentments. Hiding our true selves can increase negative coping skills, like over or under eating/drinking/sleeping. Therapy can become a place to process and share your inner thoughts and concerns, find balance, and find some new tools to feeling more grounded. I work with folks to feel confident to be transparent to loved ones and seek changes to improve their daily lives. My couples leave empowered to have the tough talks without fear.
(570) 209-9898 View (570) 209-9898
Photo of Lynsi Klimek, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lynsi Klimek
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Olyphant, PA 18447  (Online Only)
With a Master's degree from Temple University and four years in the field, I specialize in assisting individuals across all age groups – children, adolescents, and adults – as they navigate trauma, PTSD symptoms, anxiety, and challenges with emotional regulation.
Welcome! As a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in Pennsylvania, I bring a wealth of experience and compassion to my practice.
With a Master's degree from Temple University and four years in the field, I specialize in assisting individuals across all age groups – children, adolescents, and adults – as they navigate trauma, PTSD symptoms, anxiety, and challenges with emotional regulation.
Welcome! As a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in Pennsylvania, I bring a wealth of experience and compassion to my practice.
(484) 789-5805 View (484) 789-5805
Photo of Dr. Krystle Berkoski, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Krystle Berkoski
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Dickson City, PA 18519
I support folx who're navigating complex interpersonal issues, recovering from distress and trauma, grieving, and/or experiencing unexplained somatic symptoms. My clients are typically seeking relief from symptoms, meaning from their experiences, and validating relationship. People who are comfortable with telehealth and ready to embrace the mind-body connection with something a little different (i.e, Somatic Experiencing) will likely match well with me.
I support folx who're navigating complex interpersonal issues, recovering from distress and trauma, grieving, and/or experiencing unexplained somatic symptoms. My clients are typically seeking relief from symptoms, meaning from their experiences, and validating relationship. People who are comfortable with telehealth and ready to embrace the mind-body connection with something a little different (i.e, Somatic Experiencing) will likely match well with me.
(570) 726-1760 View (570) 726-1760
Photo of Matthew Schaffer, Psychologist
Matthew Schaffer
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Scranton, PA 18509
For those impacted by intimate partner violence (IPV), I utilize Cognitive Trauma Therapy (BW), which is an evidence-based treatment specifically designed to treat posttraumatic stress in woman impacted by intimate partner violence.
It takes a great deal of courage to seek out psychological services. I admire anyone who seeks out services with me. I wholeheartedly believe that if I had the same biology and the same life experiences, I would be in the exact same position. While I offer general psychotherapy in my office on the grounds of Marywood University where I am an Assistant Professor, I specialize in treatment of intimate partner violence; a pervasive and destructive force in our culture. It is my passion to treat both offenders and those who have been impacted by violence.
For those impacted by intimate partner violence (IPV), I utilize Cognitive Trauma Therapy (BW), which is an evidence-based treatment specifically designed to treat posttraumatic stress in woman impacted by intimate partner violence.
It takes a great deal of courage to seek out psychological services. I admire anyone who seeks out services with me. I wholeheartedly believe that if I had the same biology and the same life experiences, I would be in the exact same position. While I offer general psychotherapy in my office on the grounds of Marywood University where I am an Assistant Professor, I specialize in treatment of intimate partner violence; a pervasive and destructive force in our culture. It is my passion to treat both offenders and those who have been impacted by violence.
(272) 225-5556 View (272) 225-5556
Photo of Luke Carsto, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Luke Carsto
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Olyphant, PA 18447  (Online Only)
He specializes in working with individuals experiencing trauma, and domestic violence.
I have been working in the mental health field for 15 years since his getting his undergraduate degree in Psychology and 7 years of experience working in a community mental health agency setting. While working in an acute psychiatric hospital, he decided to earn his master’s degree in counseling. After graduation, I worked as a Project Coordinator for a county-funded program that would provide mental health services for county-funded programs throughout Montgomery County. He also has experience working with individuals on the Autism Spectrum in school and home settings.
He specializes in working with individuals experiencing trauma, and domestic violence.
I have been working in the mental health field for 15 years since his getting his undergraduate degree in Psychology and 7 years of experience working in a community mental health agency setting. While working in an acute psychiatric hospital, he decided to earn his master’s degree in counseling. After graduation, I worked as a Project Coordinator for a county-funded program that would provide mental health services for county-funded programs throughout Montgomery County. He also has experience working with individuals on the Autism Spectrum in school and home settings.
(484) 275-1423 View (484) 275-1423
Photo of Leah Leslie, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Leah Leslie
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Olyphant, PA 18447
I use various healing modalities for treating trauma, chronic stress & addiction such as trauma informed CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy), EMDR (eye movement desensitization reprocessing), DBT (dialectical behavior therapy), MI (motivational interviewing), somatic healing practices, therapy dog in training (Apollo) as well as art therapy.
Struggling with trauma or chronic stress? Fighting addiction? Feeling tired, overwhelmed? Do you want to change but unsure how? If you are looking for a better way to manage life, find or experience joy and contentment, then therapy can help you achieve these goals and make your ideal life a reality.
I use various healing modalities for treating trauma, chronic stress & addiction such as trauma informed CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy), EMDR (eye movement desensitization reprocessing), DBT (dialectical behavior therapy), MI (motivational interviewing), somatic healing practices, therapy dog in training (Apollo) as well as art therapy.
Struggling with trauma or chronic stress? Fighting addiction? Feeling tired, overwhelmed? Do you want to change but unsure how? If you are looking for a better way to manage life, find or experience joy and contentment, then therapy can help you achieve these goals and make your ideal life a reality.
(484) 263-5291 View (484) 263-5291
Photo of DiSheena M Thomas - Abundant Life Holistic Wellness, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Abundant Life Holistic Wellness
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Olyphant, PA 18447
Trauma, Depression, Anxiety, Self Esteem, Identity Development, Decision Making Skills, Personal Character Development, ADHD, Coping Strategies & much more!.
Hello! I’m Sheena Thomas, a licensed mental health clinician with over 10 years of experience in the Behavioral Health field. I’m passionate about helping others overcome mental health challenges and giving you the tools to create a life of balance and fulfillment utilizing scientific evidence-based practices as well as a holistic approach. It is my belief and testament that your life does not have to reflect your struggles and that you have the ability to learn how to control what may be currently controlling you. So, I welcome the opportunity to work with you.
Trauma, Depression, Anxiety, Self Esteem, Identity Development, Decision Making Skills, Personal Character Development, ADHD, Coping Strategies & much more!.
Hello! I’m Sheena Thomas, a licensed mental health clinician with over 10 years of experience in the Behavioral Health field. I’m passionate about helping others overcome mental health challenges and giving you the tools to create a life of balance and fulfillment utilizing scientific evidence-based practices as well as a holistic approach. It is my belief and testament that your life does not have to reflect your struggles and that you have the ability to learn how to control what may be currently controlling you. So, I welcome the opportunity to work with you.
(215) 515-2587 View (215) 515-2587
Photo of Jamie Atkinson, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jamie Atkinson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Olyphant, PA 18447  (Online Only)
Whether you are dealing with depression and anxiety or something more complex such as trauma, I am here to support you.
Hey you! Let’s chat, tell me what’s going on? Maybe you have a lot going on and are unsure what to do to help yourself. Maybe you overthink things and struggle to make decisions. Are you unsure how to navigate challenges in your life? Do you feel blah? Do you lash out at people? Listen, times can be tough and change is hard!. Do you want to work with someone who will talk to you like a regular person? Someone who is knowledgeable and real? I can help you to work through your concerns and issues.
Whether you are dealing with depression and anxiety or something more complex such as trauma, I am here to support you.
Hey you! Let’s chat, tell me what’s going on? Maybe you have a lot going on and are unsure what to do to help yourself. Maybe you overthink things and struggle to make decisions. Are you unsure how to navigate challenges in your life? Do you feel blah? Do you lash out at people? Listen, times can be tough and change is hard!. Do you want to work with someone who will talk to you like a regular person? Someone who is knowledgeable and real? I can help you to work through your concerns and issues.
(484) 882-0359 View (484) 882-0359
Photo of Jessica Volzone, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jessica Volzone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Scranton, PA 18503  (Online Only)
Life can feel overwhelming and confusing at times. Daily stressors can be further complicated by worry, frustration, or trauma from our past; even contributing to feelings of hopelessness or depression. When life gets difficult, it’s okay to ask for help. By showing up in this space you have taken the first step in your therapy journey, and I’m so glad you’re here. Let’s work together to get you where you want to be, starting right where you are today. I would love to show you some great tools that can help you take your life back. My approach to therapy is conversational, down to earth, and empathetic.
Life can feel overwhelming and confusing at times. Daily stressors can be further complicated by worry, frustration, or trauma from our past; even contributing to feelings of hopelessness or depression. When life gets difficult, it’s okay to ask for help. By showing up in this space you have taken the first step in your therapy journey, and I’m so glad you’re here. Let’s work together to get you where you want to be, starting right where you are today. I would love to show you some great tools that can help you take your life back. My approach to therapy is conversational, down to earth, and empathetic.
(272) 444-3813 View (272) 444-3813
Photo of Katie Graziano, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Katie Graziano
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Scranton, PA 18510  (Online Only)
I work with a variety of client concerns including: anxiety, depression, PTSD, stress, and self-esteem.
Welcome! Finding a counselor with whom you can feel safe and vulnerable is so important, so let me share a bit about myself. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor serving clients in PA via telehealth. My counseling style is empathetic, caring, genuine, strengths-based, and holistic. My work includes the use of evidence-base approaches, as well as mindfulness and respect of clients’ diverse backgrounds. I strive to help clients grow by working with them in a collaborative, validating, supportive manner. My aim is to help clients feel centered, comfortable being their authentic selves, and empowered to cope with life’s challenges.
I work with a variety of client concerns including: anxiety, depression, PTSD, stress, and self-esteem.
Welcome! Finding a counselor with whom you can feel safe and vulnerable is so important, so let me share a bit about myself. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor serving clients in PA via telehealth. My counseling style is empathetic, caring, genuine, strengths-based, and holistic. My work includes the use of evidence-base approaches, as well as mindfulness and respect of clients’ diverse backgrounds. I strive to help clients grow by working with them in a collaborative, validating, supportive manner. My aim is to help clients feel centered, comfortable being their authentic selves, and empowered to cope with life’s challenges.
(570) 487-3700 View (570) 487-3700
Photo of Courtney Pfohlman, MS, LPC, NCC, LADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Courtney Pfohlman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC, LADC
Verified Verified
Olyphant, PA 18447  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) who specializes working with adults and couples. I am an EMDR trained clinician and have a history of working with clients in treatment facilities for substance use disorders, co-occuring disorders including trauma and anxiety, and completing forensic assessments.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) who specializes working with adults and couples. I am an EMDR trained clinician and have a history of working with clients in treatment facilities for substance use disorders, co-occuring disorders including trauma and anxiety, and completing forensic assessments.
(702) 329-4261 View (702) 329-4261
Photo of Leah Losavich, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Leah Losavich
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Scranton, PA 18503
I have experience working with children, adolescents and adults who have experienced trauma, grief, anxiety, depression, cultural issues.
Life can become overwhelming, sometimes we forget it is a work in progress. The last few years have been a wild ride! Detours can happen making it easy to forget that the detours may be necessary to help us move forward. I enjoy having the privilege of helping individuals reach their full potential by helping to recognize their strengths through therapeutic intervention, self care, identifying coping strategies and learning to stay in the moment. The work can be difficult but that does not mean there may not be laughter, tears and progress.
I have experience working with children, adolescents and adults who have experienced trauma, grief, anxiety, depression, cultural issues.
Life can become overwhelming, sometimes we forget it is a work in progress. The last few years have been a wild ride! Detours can happen making it easy to forget that the detours may be necessary to help us move forward. I enjoy having the privilege of helping individuals reach their full potential by helping to recognize their strengths through therapeutic intervention, self care, identifying coping strategies and learning to stay in the moment. The work can be difficult but that does not mean there may not be laughter, tears and progress.
(272) 268-7453 View (272) 268-7453
Photo of Natasha H Coy, PsyD, NCC, Psychologist
Natasha H Coy
Psychologist, PsyD, NCC
Verified Verified
Scranton, PA 18504
I specialize in the treatment of trauma, which includes abuse, sexual or physical victimization, accidents, and loss.
You may be confronted with significant challenges which lead you to feel sad, anxious, angry, resentful, or isolated. Despite your best efforts, you may feel stuck. I believe it is a privilege to walk alongside you during your personal journey toward change, understanding, or personal growth. I am trained as a generalist and provide an integrative, evidenced-based approach to meet your clinical needs. I provide treatment of mood disorders (depression, anxiety), life transitions, grief/bereavement, anger management and other concerns.
I specialize in the treatment of trauma, which includes abuse, sexual or physical victimization, accidents, and loss.
You may be confronted with significant challenges which lead you to feel sad, anxious, angry, resentful, or isolated. Despite your best efforts, you may feel stuck. I believe it is a privilege to walk alongside you during your personal journey toward change, understanding, or personal growth. I am trained as a generalist and provide an integrative, evidenced-based approach to meet your clinical needs. I provide treatment of mood disorders (depression, anxiety), life transitions, grief/bereavement, anger management and other concerns.
(570) 491-1519 View (570) 491-1519
Photo of Brandon Puglisi, LCSW, CAMS-II, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brandon Puglisi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CAMS-II
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Scranton, PA 18503
My expertise includes trauma, anxiety, depression, LGBTQ issues, family dynamics, and everyday stressors.
Has the world become more difficult to manage and you're feeling as if something is off? We are living in a day and age where there are too many uncertainties and it is increasing our anxiety and making us more depressed. For some, intense emotions have increased and has been causing significant problems in relationships, both professional and personal. It can seem like it is impossible to navigate, but the great news is there is hope! Can you imagine what it would feel like to hit a life stressor and be able to pause, think, reframe then react? Change is possible and you deserve support
My expertise includes trauma, anxiety, depression, LGBTQ issues, family dynamics, and everyday stressors.
Has the world become more difficult to manage and you're feeling as if something is off? We are living in a day and age where there are too many uncertainties and it is increasing our anxiety and making us more depressed. For some, intense emotions have increased and has been causing significant problems in relationships, both professional and personal. It can seem like it is impossible to navigate, but the great news is there is hope! Can you imagine what it would feel like to hit a life stressor and be able to pause, think, reframe then react? Change is possible and you deserve support
(570) 260-9129 View (570) 260-9129
Photo of Lori Ann Moskel, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lori Ann Moskel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Covington Township, PA 18444
Waitlist for new clients
There is Capital "T" trauma and Small "t' trauma.
Hello and welcome! Life can be messy! Are you feeling "let down", disappointed, or maybe just plain "fed-up" or mistreated in certain areas of your life...feeling like a change for the better is long over-due? Anxiety, depression, fearfulness, or full of regret is part of your everyday thinking. A renewed and inspired life is obtainable. Seeking counseling is a sign of strength and entering this collaboration is an act of service to yourself. The therapy relationship is powerful way to overcome problems that leave you feeling helpless or alone, just the challenges in ordinary everyday life can sometimes be overwhelming.
There is Capital "T" trauma and Small "t' trauma.
Hello and welcome! Life can be messy! Are you feeling "let down", disappointed, or maybe just plain "fed-up" or mistreated in certain areas of your life...feeling like a change for the better is long over-due? Anxiety, depression, fearfulness, or full of regret is part of your everyday thinking. A renewed and inspired life is obtainable. Seeking counseling is a sign of strength and entering this collaboration is an act of service to yourself. The therapy relationship is powerful way to overcome problems that leave you feeling helpless or alone, just the challenges in ordinary everyday life can sometimes be overwhelming.
(717) 473-4019 View (717) 473-4019

See more therapy options for Moscow

Trauma and PTSD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.