Chronic Pain Therapists in Lebanon, PA
![Photo of Debra Lynn Thompson-Knepper, LCSW, CADC, CCPG, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3efdf7a8-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
Debra Lynn Thompson-Knepper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CADC, CCPG
Verified Verified
Lebanon, PA 17042
Debra Thompson-Knepper has over 20 years experience working with people who have mental illness and addictions. She believes that it is the therapist's responsibility to have as many therapeutic tools as possible to share with clients to help them achieve their goals. Whether it's development of insight to know the self better and live more successfully or targeted therapy to address a specific marital or individual issue, Debbie shares all her knowledge and tools for your success. Good therapy is built on the client's relationship with the therapist and this is the foundation of all growth.
Debra Thompson-Knepper has over 20 years experience working with people who have mental illness and addictions. She believes that it is the therapist's responsibility to have as many therapeutic tools as possible to share with clients to help them achieve their goals. Whether it's development of insight to know the self better and live more successfully or targeted therapy to address a specific marital or individual issue, Debbie shares all her knowledge and tools for your success. Good therapy is built on the client's relationship with the therapist and this is the foundation of all growth.
![Photo of Martha L Thompson - Empower the Mind LLC, PsyD, LPC, CAADC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c93e6f71-4611-49b1-8697-215d84e6a190/1/320x400.jpeg)
Empower the Mind LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, PsyD, LPC, CAADC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Lebanon, PA 17042
I have worked in many areas of both Mental Health and Addictions treatment. I am trained in a variety of evidence based methods. I am confident I can help a wide variety of individuals and families with the stressors they face today. I enjoy pulling from my teachings and training to keep up with the best practice methods to help people to the best of my ability. I enjoy a collaborative and energetic working relationship with my clients.
I have worked in many areas of both Mental Health and Addictions treatment. I am trained in a variety of evidence based methods. I am confident I can help a wide variety of individuals and families with the stressors they face today. I enjoy pulling from my teachings and training to keep up with the best practice methods to help people to the best of my ability. I enjoy a collaborative and energetic working relationship with my clients.
![Photo of Tanya Sensenig, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ea2185cc-decc-4678-8cdd-70c469d27ae3/2/320x400.jpeg)
Tanya Sensenig
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Lebanon, PA 17042
Waitlist for new clients
I received my Master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Regent University along with a Certificate of Graduate Studies in Trauma Counseling. I received my undergraduate degree from Kutztown University in Special Education and Elementary Education. I am licensed as a Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania. I am trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) for the treatment of trauma, stress, phobias, and other stuck points.
I received my Master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Regent University along with a Certificate of Graduate Studies in Trauma Counseling. I received my undergraduate degree from Kutztown University in Special Education and Elementary Education. I am licensed as a Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania. I am trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) for the treatment of trauma, stress, phobias, and other stuck points.
![Photo of Lilly Knopic, NCC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/adf97420-ef25-4081-ba13-6d4484901d36/1/320x400.jpeg)
Lilly Knopic
Licensed Professional Counselor, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lebanon, PA 17042 (Online Only)
Many of us experience more unwanted emotions than the preferred ones, which can prompt our unhelpful reactions. If you have difficulty accepting or coping with a problem in life, I welcome you to begin therapy sessions with me. I can also support you if you’re having difficulty managing anxiety, depression, grief, or unhelpful thinking patterns.
Many of us experience more unwanted emotions than the preferred ones, which can prompt our unhelpful reactions. If you have difficulty accepting or coping with a problem in life, I welcome you to begin therapy sessions with me. I can also support you if you’re having difficulty managing anxiety, depression, grief, or unhelpful thinking patterns.
More Therapists Nearby
![Photo of Chelsea B Holbert, PsyD, HSP, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/499e7abb-f279-44e8-9dbe-9d612a36b510/1/320x400.jpeg)
I specialize in treating co-occurring trauma reactions, stress management, care of first responders, co-occurring chronic health conditions such as PCOS, Type I/Type II Diabetes, obesity, chronic pain, and autoimmune diseases. I want clients my clients to feel like their voices are heard and respected in their treatment. I'm trained in a number of therapies that enhance the quality of life by teaching skills that help manage the stress of co-occurring mental and physical health conditions. I work with individuals who are facing high stress in their work life.
I specialize in treating co-occurring trauma reactions, stress management, care of first responders, co-occurring chronic health conditions such as PCOS, Type I/Type II Diabetes, obesity, chronic pain, and autoimmune diseases. I want clients my clients to feel like their voices are heard and respected in their treatment. I'm trained in a number of therapies that enhance the quality of life by teaching skills that help manage the stress of co-occurring mental and physical health conditions. I work with individuals who are facing high stress in their work life.
![Photo of Jennifer Udis, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/fb436ca2-d2f7-4346-b34e-c07587861aa2/1/320x400.jpeg)
Jennifer Udis
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Palmyra, PA 17078 (Online Only)
Hi! My name is Jennifer Udis and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in Pennsylvania. I work with clients statewide via telehealth. I am passionate about supporting all of my clients through challenges to experience healing and growth in their lives.
Hi! My name is Jennifer Udis and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in Pennsylvania. I work with clients statewide via telehealth. I am passionate about supporting all of my clients through challenges to experience healing and growth in their lives.
![Photo of Aryn Smeltzer, LMSW, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/8e4e3c63-ddf5-4a4b-8cad-8c25e9ee406b/2/320x400.jpeg)
Aryn Smeltzer
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Myerstown, PA 17067 (Online Only)
My name is Aryn Smeltzer and I am the owner of Healing with Hope LLC! Sometimes life is hard and just plain messy, and we just need someone who can listen, guide, challenge and support us in our life journey. It is my passion to walk this journey with you as you navigate the stressors, traumas and unexpected turns that life can throw at you. Your experiences are unique to you. I desire our therapeutic relationship to be collaborative as we work together to create interventions that spark growth and ultimately, healing.
My name is Aryn Smeltzer and I am the owner of Healing with Hope LLC! Sometimes life is hard and just plain messy, and we just need someone who can listen, guide, challenge and support us in our life journey. It is my passion to walk this journey with you as you navigate the stressors, traumas and unexpected turns that life can throw at you. Your experiences are unique to you. I desire our therapeutic relationship to be collaborative as we work together to create interventions that spark growth and ultimately, healing.
Online Therapists
![Photo of Nita Laver, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3bbb22ea-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/4/320x400.jpeg)
Nita Laver
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103 (Online Only)
Are you tired of repeating old patterns that are holding you back in your life? Have you been feeling angry, empty, lonely stressed out and unhappy? Are you struggling through a transition or a loss or with the legacy of emotional, physical or sexual abuse? There are times in everyone's life when reaching out for and receiving help can make a real difference in resolving problems, easing pain and living a more satisfying life. In psychotherapy a safe place will be created in which to deal with and resolve the unhappiness you are experiencing.
Are you tired of repeating old patterns that are holding you back in your life? Have you been feeling angry, empty, lonely stressed out and unhappy? Are you struggling through a transition or a loss or with the legacy of emotional, physical or sexual abuse? There are times in everyone's life when reaching out for and receiving help can make a real difference in resolving problems, easing pain and living a more satisfying life. In psychotherapy a safe place will be created in which to deal with and resolve the unhappiness you are experiencing.
![Photo of Hannah Gilmore, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/20df3c87-58e9-4745-8132-17be92cb98e2/2/320x400.jpeg)
Whether you are coming to therapy for anxiety, depression, grief, relationship issues, a life change, or just a general sense of unease, facing these issues can be scary. Healing isn’t easy because it involves confronting our pain and hurts. Healing can also be full of joy, hope, connection, and freedom as we experience new possibilities of being and relating. My approach is warm, relational, and integrative. I strive to offer a space where you can feel safe enough to look inward – to gently and compassionately welcome all parts of yourself with less judgment and shame.
Whether you are coming to therapy for anxiety, depression, grief, relationship issues, a life change, or just a general sense of unease, facing these issues can be scary. Healing isn’t easy because it involves confronting our pain and hurts. Healing can also be full of joy, hope, connection, and freedom as we experience new possibilities of being and relating. My approach is warm, relational, and integrative. I strive to offer a space where you can feel safe enough to look inward – to gently and compassionately welcome all parts of yourself with less judgment and shame.
![Photo of Joanna Frederick, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3fc98c83-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
I also work with people struggling with chronic illnesses and chronic pain.
The focus of my work for the past 18 years has been with adults to help them move beyond their struggles and find healthier, freer and more fulfilling lives. You are more than just a list of symptoms. When we work together you will have my full attention. Most hurt and trauma happens in our relationships with others and building a trusting relationship with your therapist can help heal those wounds. We'll make connections between what's happening now and what happened in your past. We'll also work on feeling less shame and more safety in the now. You'll get to know yourself better and ideally feel less suffering.
I also work with people struggling with chronic illnesses and chronic pain.
The focus of my work for the past 18 years has been with adults to help them move beyond their struggles and find healthier, freer and more fulfilling lives. You are more than just a list of symptoms. When we work together you will have my full attention. Most hurt and trauma happens in our relationships with others and building a trusting relationship with your therapist can help heal those wounds. We'll make connections between what's happening now and what happened in your past. We'll also work on feeling less shame and more safety in the now. You'll get to know yourself better and ideally feel less suffering.
![Photo of Marsinlen Blackwell - Marsinlen Blackwell Counseling LLC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/8c155e54-092b-4ca4-9bc3-84d4cf265386/1/320x400.jpeg)
Marsinlen Blackwell Counseling LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Scranton, PA 18503
I've worked in many settings, my specialties include chronic illness, disability, TBI.
My mission is to provide you for with compassion and clarity when you need it most. If you’ve been feeling hopeless or lost lately, or struggling with a problem in your life that feels unsurmountable, individual therapy could help you improve your everyday life. Individual therapy helps you win against whatever you’re battling by putting a real expert in your corner by means of a professional therapist. Sometimes you just need someone to listen to your concerns and help you problem solve, process emotions in a healthy way.
I've worked in many settings, my specialties include chronic illness, disability, TBI.
My mission is to provide you for with compassion and clarity when you need it most. If you’ve been feeling hopeless or lost lately, or struggling with a problem in your life that feels unsurmountable, individual therapy could help you improve your everyday life. Individual therapy helps you win against whatever you’re battling by putting a real expert in your corner by means of a professional therapist. Sometimes you just need someone to listen to your concerns and help you problem solve, process emotions in a healthy way.
![Photo of Shaakira Gillette, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/5e7b4a80-b4e5-4f1f-a37e-89de5f16ee3f/2/320x400.jpeg)
Shaakira Gillette
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bala Cynwyd, PA 19004 (Online Only)
This is not therapy this is an EXPERIENCE. In order to heal, you have to feel. We aren't avoiding the pain any longer. We are experiencing it...in a healing space. Welcome to the Journey.
This is not therapy this is an EXPERIENCE. In order to heal, you have to feel. We aren't avoiding the pain any longer. We are experiencing it...in a healing space. Welcome to the Journey.
![Photo of Donna Liu, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c982badc-73ce-4ff7-ad93-6cce26f41da4/2/320x400.jpeg)
Donna Liu
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Springfield, PA 19064
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in working with those who are struggling with life transitions, trauma/PTSD, relationship issues, loss and grief, terminal illness, infidelity, abuse, chronic pain, spiritual pain, codependency, loneliness, depression and anxiety.
I am a L.P.C. with a MS degree in Pastoral Care and Counseling. I believe that it is helpful to bring your spiritual beliefs into the healing process. Starting psychotherapy is the beginning of feeling at home with yourself. It is a place where you can feel safe, grounded and secure, as you explore the difficult areas in your life that you may not want to face alone. Therapy can help you identify unhealthy thinking, and break destructive patterns, so you can make better choices. It also helps you to discover your own inner strengths that can bring deeper healings from within. We are all a work in progress!
I specialize in working with those who are struggling with life transitions, trauma/PTSD, relationship issues, loss and grief, terminal illness, infidelity, abuse, chronic pain, spiritual pain, codependency, loneliness, depression and anxiety.
I am a L.P.C. with a MS degree in Pastoral Care and Counseling. I believe that it is helpful to bring your spiritual beliefs into the healing process. Starting psychotherapy is the beginning of feeling at home with yourself. It is a place where you can feel safe, grounded and secure, as you explore the difficult areas in your life that you may not want to face alone. Therapy can help you identify unhealthy thinking, and break destructive patterns, so you can make better choices. It also helps you to discover your own inner strengths that can bring deeper healings from within. We are all a work in progress!
![Photo of Amanda Bonus, MEd, PsyD, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c6425487-9119-4c81-b107-381108db0181/1/320x400.jpeg)
I also work with chronic pain.
Often the reason we enter therapy is because we are struggling with a personal experience that we feel other people won’t understand. Sometimes these struggles may center around our sexuality or gender identity. Other times we might have trouble processing painful parts of our past that could include traumatic experiences or relationship challenges. We might even have a hard time explaining to others just how much anxiety, depression, or other overwhelming thoughts have started to impact various areas of our lives. In session with me, we reflect on your experiences & build strength to move towards what's important to your future.
I also work with chronic pain.
Often the reason we enter therapy is because we are struggling with a personal experience that we feel other people won’t understand. Sometimes these struggles may center around our sexuality or gender identity. Other times we might have trouble processing painful parts of our past that could include traumatic experiences or relationship challenges. We might even have a hard time explaining to others just how much anxiety, depression, or other overwhelming thoughts have started to impact various areas of our lives. In session with me, we reflect on your experiences & build strength to move towards what's important to your future.
![Photo of Katherine M Schneider, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/49d0d1e5-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
I am experienced in working with clients with unique circumstances and needs, including those regarding sexuality, religion, gender identity, and chronic illness.
Everyone has a story and it is my privilege to be invited into yours. My unique blend of warmth and tenacity set me apart as a therapist and allow me to work with clients towards meaningful change. I value the relationships I form with clients and my goal is to make everyone I work with feel safe, respected and accepted for who they are. My practice is shaped by a combination of formal education and hands-on experience, including training in psychoanalysis, couples counseling, ExRP, play therapy and family therapy.
I am experienced in working with clients with unique circumstances and needs, including those regarding sexuality, religion, gender identity, and chronic illness.
Everyone has a story and it is my privilege to be invited into yours. My unique blend of warmth and tenacity set me apart as a therapist and allow me to work with clients towards meaningful change. I value the relationships I form with clients and my goal is to make everyone I work with feel safe, respected and accepted for who they are. My practice is shaped by a combination of formal education and hands-on experience, including training in psychoanalysis, couples counseling, ExRP, play therapy and family therapy.
![Photo of Reinhild Draeger-Muenke, PsyD, LMFT, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ac70282f-6975-4fc5-b284-e3b9e95adcaa/1/320x400.jpeg)
Reinhild Draeger-Muenke
Psychologist, PsyD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bala Cynwyd, PA 19004 (Online Only)
Consider this: "Pain is unavoidable, but suffering is optional!" If you are hurting right now, physically and/or emotionally, you may not believe that it is possible not to suffer.
You may have considered finding a therapist for a while, wondering whether it's worth the risk. Are you struggling with physical symptoms, feelings or behaviors you don't particularly like, but can't seem to control? Have you found it difficult to make changes in your life, although you have tried many times on your own? Are you dissatisfied with how your relationships are going? Perhaps you wish you could be a more effective parent? Or maybe you already know there is "stuff" you haven't wanted to touch on your own, but it's not going away......., and you are ready to invest in healing whatever hurts? Then therapy can help.
Consider this: "Pain is unavoidable, but suffering is optional!" If you are hurting right now, physically and/or emotionally, you may not believe that it is possible not to suffer.
You may have considered finding a therapist for a while, wondering whether it's worth the risk. Are you struggling with physical symptoms, feelings or behaviors you don't particularly like, but can't seem to control? Have you found it difficult to make changes in your life, although you have tried many times on your own? Are you dissatisfied with how your relationships are going? Perhaps you wish you could be a more effective parent? Or maybe you already know there is "stuff" you haven't wanted to touch on your own, but it's not going away......., and you are ready to invest in healing whatever hurts? Then therapy can help.
![Photo of Theodore Meyer, MA , LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/0935e5ac-d01b-4389-8c26-32939d3fafa6/2/320x400.jpeg)
Theodore Meyer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA , LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19125 (Online Only)
I specialize in working with people that have sought relief from anxiety, depression, OCD, chronic pain, and NPD/emotional abuse.
I view the mental health recovery process as similar to climbing a mountain: the first steps may feel overwhelming at times, however, therapy is a partnership where I can provide tools that help my clients get where they would like to go, while also building resiliency and strength for the future. Throughout the process, I will provide encouragement and at times, remind you to look back at how far you have come. Furthermore, I provide a non-judgmental and empathic space for this journey to occur.
I specialize in working with people that have sought relief from anxiety, depression, OCD, chronic pain, and NPD/emotional abuse.
I view the mental health recovery process as similar to climbing a mountain: the first steps may feel overwhelming at times, however, therapy is a partnership where I can provide tools that help my clients get where they would like to go, while also building resiliency and strength for the future. Throughout the process, I will provide encouragement and at times, remind you to look back at how far you have come. Furthermore, I provide a non-judgmental and empathic space for this journey to occur.
![Photo of Holly Grimm, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/db95834e-d2c9-4030-9789-51da081bf759/1/320x400.jpeg)
Holly Grimm
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
West Chester, PA 19382
This method has been proven to be very effective with a number of conditions including ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, Addictions, and Chronic Pain including Migraine, among others.
My office is currently accepting new neurofeedback (EEG biofeedback) clients, but please be aware that my talk therapy/EMDR schedule is currently full.
This method has been proven to be very effective with a number of conditions including ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, Addictions, and Chronic Pain including Migraine, among others.
My office is currently accepting new neurofeedback (EEG biofeedback) clients, but please be aware that my talk therapy/EMDR schedule is currently full.
![Photo of Kristi Annette West, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/9ab85e49-8f48-4463-b2a1-9c965921ae87/2/320x400.jpeg)
Kristi Annette West
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Lansdowne, PA 19050 (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I have over 18 years experience supporting people in crisis, traumatic loss and grief, chronic illness, complex caregiver issues, Veteran care, single parenting, domestic abuse, caregiver burnout and end of life.
Do you ever find yourself overwhelmed by multiple worries and anxious thoughts? Perhaps you even think, “If only I can have one day of happiness and peace?”It may be that the demands of caregiving are causing you to neglect your own health and well being.” The good news is that you do not have to struggle in isolation. I would love to partner with you and together build skills to weather life’s storms.
I have over 18 years experience supporting people in crisis, traumatic loss and grief, chronic illness, complex caregiver issues, Veteran care, single parenting, domestic abuse, caregiver burnout and end of life.
Do you ever find yourself overwhelmed by multiple worries and anxious thoughts? Perhaps you even think, “If only I can have one day of happiness and peace?”It may be that the demands of caregiving are causing you to neglect your own health and well being.” The good news is that you do not have to struggle in isolation. I would love to partner with you and together build skills to weather life’s storms.
![Photo of Hunter Erin Zelner, MFT, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/54fd6f51-eb40-4fd7-bb45-9c0b76862e1a/2/320x400.jpeg)
Hunter Erin Zelner
Pre-Licensed Professional, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102
My therapy style is informed by my desire to explore, understand, and empower my clients. I am Kink/BDSM, non-monogamy, body neutral and queer aligned. I believe therapy is political and a space where clients can be intentional about their identities. Topics that I particularly enjoy working with include gender affirming care, chronic pain, working through infidelity, aging, navigating multiple racial and cultural identities, and processing sexual trauma.
My therapy style is informed by my desire to explore, understand, and empower my clients. I am Kink/BDSM, non-monogamy, body neutral and queer aligned. I believe therapy is political and a space where clients can be intentional about their identities. Topics that I particularly enjoy working with include gender affirming care, chronic pain, working through infidelity, aging, navigating multiple racial and cultural identities, and processing sexual trauma.
See more therapy options for Lebanon
Nearby Chronic Pain Therapists Searches for Lebanon
- East Petersburg
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Chronic Pain Therapists
How does chronic pain therapy work?
Engaging with a psychotherapist to help treat chronic pain does not mean that one’s pain is all in their head. Therapy for chronic-pain patients has been shown to benefit both the mind and the body, targeting physical symptoms and increasing daily functioning. In other words, for many, addressing their emotional health through therapy affects their physical health. A therapist can help a client challenge unhelpful thoughts about pain and develop new ways to respond to it, such as distraction or calming breathing techniques. Studies have found that therapy can be as effective as surgery for certain cases of chronic pain and many doctors recommend trying psychotherapy in advance of considering invasive surgery.
What are the most effective treatment options for chronic pain?
Stress, anxiety, depression, catastrophizing, ruminating, lack of activity, and social withdrawal all make chronic pain worse. Addressing these issues, research shows, can help people gain control over their pain symptoms. Therapeutic approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy, biofeedback, and mindfulness-based stress reduction, along with greater pain-management education, have been found to help people reduce fear and disability.
Are there new treatments for chronic pain?
Many cases of chronic pain, particularly those involving back pain, remain medically unexplained. But there is evidence that changes in the brain or nervous system are caused by previous physical ailments such as tissue damage; in such cases, the brain may continue to send out pain signals despite the physical cause having healed. To aid patients under these circumstances, a recently developed treatment known as pain reprocessing therapy (PRT) is designed to help the brain “unlearn” this response. A PRT practitioner helps individuals to reduce the “threat value” of their ongoing pain signals until they can reappraise them as less threatening and fear-inducing. They also help an individual to develop new emotional regulation skills.
How long does therapy for chronic pain take?
There is no set timeline for recovery from chronic pain, especially as there may be a range of physical and psychological causes for any individual’s discomfort, but most patients should expect to see a therapist for a number of weeks or months, typically spanning at least 12 sessions. Studies of pain reprocessing therapy found that many individuals’ experience of pain lessened in eight sessions over four weeks.