Anxiety Therapists in Downingtown, PA

Photo of Todd Shirley, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Todd Shirley
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Downingtown, PA 19335
Waiting lists are long, things become urgent, and good help can be hard to find. Successful, compassionate therapeautic care for you or your struggling teen is available through the counseling services I offer. If you or someone you know is struggling with issues like depression, anxiety, academic struggles, obsessive compulsive disorder, ADHD, self injury, sexual orientation, gender identity, or suicidal ideation reach out to set up an appointment or brief introductory virtual meeting. Weekend and evening appointment times are available. I know first hand how scary it can be to watch an adolescent you love struggle and suffer.
Waiting lists are long, things become urgent, and good help can be hard to find. Successful, compassionate therapeautic care for you or your struggling teen is available through the counseling services I offer. If you or someone you know is struggling with issues like depression, anxiety, academic struggles, obsessive compulsive disorder, ADHD, self injury, sexual orientation, gender identity, or suicidal ideation reach out to set up an appointment or brief introductory virtual meeting. Weekend and evening appointment times are available. I know first hand how scary it can be to watch an adolescent you love struggle and suffer.
(610) 557-8332 View (610) 557-8332
Photo of Dr. Luke Bieber, Psychologist
Dr. Luke Bieber
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Downingtown, PA 19335  (Online Only)
If you are struggling with depression, anxiety, ADHD, or a major life transition, we might be a good fit! As a psychotherapist, I have over 8 years of experience providing evidence-based therapies for a variety of presenting concerns. I specialize in individual and couples therapy, and I approach therapy from a client-centered focus. Most importantly, I am committed to providing a warm, collaborative, and empathetic environment where you can achieve your goals and create a life worth living. A mission of mine is to help my clients treat their minds like old friends rather than classmates working on a group project.
If you are struggling with depression, anxiety, ADHD, or a major life transition, we might be a good fit! As a psychotherapist, I have over 8 years of experience providing evidence-based therapies for a variety of presenting concerns. I specialize in individual and couples therapy, and I approach therapy from a client-centered focus. Most importantly, I am committed to providing a warm, collaborative, and empathetic environment where you can achieve your goals and create a life worth living. A mission of mine is to help my clients treat their minds like old friends rather than classmates working on a group project.
(484) 593-1959 View (484) 593-1959
Photo of Mindy Jewell Bell - Tranquil Solutions Counseling Center, LLC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tranquil Solutions Counseling Center, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Downingtown, PA 19335
Tranquil Solutions Counseling Center (TSCC) is committed to providing clients with a safe and supportive atmosphere in which to address issues preventing their ability to live life to the fullest. We seek to assist clients experiencing issues including anxiety, depression, trauma and grief, along with those experiencing life and career transitions. We also offer psychiatric evaluations and medication management. TSCC staff utilize a collaborative approach with clients, ultimately seeking to empower individuals with the tools needed to manage barriers to their success.
Tranquil Solutions Counseling Center (TSCC) is committed to providing clients with a safe and supportive atmosphere in which to address issues preventing their ability to live life to the fullest. We seek to assist clients experiencing issues including anxiety, depression, trauma and grief, along with those experiencing life and career transitions. We also offer psychiatric evaluations and medication management. TSCC staff utilize a collaborative approach with clients, ultimately seeking to empower individuals with the tools needed to manage barriers to their success.
(610) 295-5199 View (610) 295-5199
Photo of Dawn Denise Crocco - Dawn Crocco Counseling, MS, Pre-Licensed Professional
Dawn Crocco Counseling
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Downingtown, PA 19335
I am experienced in working with clients with drug and alcohol addiction and families or spouses who are dealing with their loved one who is addicted.I have worked in an Inpatient Rehabilitation Center, Intensive Outpatient and Outpatient Centers. I have extensive experience in working with depression and anxiety and patients who are dually diagnosed. I enjoy talking with clients about how to find a better life that they are looking for and helping people to grow in their emotional, mental and spiritual journey.
I am experienced in working with clients with drug and alcohol addiction and families or spouses who are dealing with their loved one who is addicted.I have worked in an Inpatient Rehabilitation Center, Intensive Outpatient and Outpatient Centers. I have extensive experience in working with depression and anxiety and patients who are dually diagnosed. I enjoy talking with clients about how to find a better life that they are looking for and helping people to grow in their emotional, mental and spiritual journey.
(610) 697-9640 View (610) 697-9640
Photo of New Beginnings Therapeutic Services - New Beginnings Therapeutic Services, LPC, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
New Beginnings Therapeutic Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LPC, LCSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Downingtown, PA 19335
We know that sometimes finding a therapist can be challenging and anxiety provoking.
New Beginnings Therapeutic Services is committed to being a client-centered practice. It is our goal to create a space for clients to share their most intimate thoughts and feelings, and for those thoughts to be received without judgment.
We know that sometimes finding a therapist can be challenging and anxiety provoking.
New Beginnings Therapeutic Services is committed to being a client-centered practice. It is our goal to create a space for clients to share their most intimate thoughts and feelings, and for those thoughts to be received without judgment.
(484) 237-1853 x100 View (484) 237-1853 x100
Photo of Dr. Kathleen West, PhD, SEP, Psychologist
Dr. Kathleen West
Psychologist, PhD, SEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Downingtown, PA 19335
A graduate of Temple University, I have been a licensed psychologist since 1996. I work with a wide variety of clients and presenting problems including anxiety, depression, stress, grief and loss. I have specific expertise in the areas of early trauma, childhood and adolescent issues, parenting and chronic stress. Throughout my experience I have witnessed remarkable healing and a return to a sense of wholeness and aliveness that comes with support through honest and gentle exploration, reflection and self-awareness. The results often manifest in improved relationships, judgment and clarity.
A graduate of Temple University, I have been a licensed psychologist since 1996. I work with a wide variety of clients and presenting problems including anxiety, depression, stress, grief and loss. I have specific expertise in the areas of early trauma, childhood and adolescent issues, parenting and chronic stress. Throughout my experience I have witnessed remarkable healing and a return to a sense of wholeness and aliveness that comes with support through honest and gentle exploration, reflection and self-awareness. The results often manifest in improved relationships, judgment and clarity.
(610) 624-8743 View (610) 624-8743
Photo of Allison Brunner, MSW, LCSW
Allison Brunner
MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Downingtown, PA 19335  (Online Only)
You’re not cursed for the entirety of your life with anxiety, depression, and trauma, or in need of medication forever if you don’t want to be.
“I love my therapist, but we’ve hit a plateau,” potential clients often say when reaching out to me. Or they’re tired of being treated like they’re broken. If you’ve spent years in therapy and are ready to go deeper and experience profound shifts and lasting change, try mindfulness-based, somatic (body-mind) psychotherapy and inner parts work. In short time, most new clients say, “Wow, that was very different from what I expected!”—in a positive way. If you’re a highly sensitive person (HSP), empath, or old soul yearning to be truly understood and are ready to process more deeply and talk and analyze less, welcome!
You’re not cursed for the entirety of your life with anxiety, depression, and trauma, or in need of medication forever if you don’t want to be.
“I love my therapist, but we’ve hit a plateau,” potential clients often say when reaching out to me. Or they’re tired of being treated like they’re broken. If you’ve spent years in therapy and are ready to go deeper and experience profound shifts and lasting change, try mindfulness-based, somatic (body-mind) psychotherapy and inner parts work. In short time, most new clients say, “Wow, that was very different from what I expected!”—in a positive way. If you’re a highly sensitive person (HSP), empath, or old soul yearning to be truly understood and are ready to process more deeply and talk and analyze less, welcome!
(484) 214-2477 View (484) 214-2477
Photo of Jennifer Fleming, MA, LPC, CBIS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jennifer Fleming
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CBIS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Downingtown, PA 19335  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Are you feeling stressed, anxious or depressed? You are not alone & there is hope! Together we can identify: how you are feeling, what is contributing to your thoughts and feelings and a list of strategies to enhance resilience, improve relationships and feel an increased sense of fulfillment. If you are experiencing life challenges, adjustment, loss, intrapersonal or relationship issues impacting your mood, thinking or behavior, you are in the right place. You can begin a new journey of implementing healthy coping skills and moving toward peace, happiness, self-acceptance and more contentment.
Are you feeling stressed, anxious or depressed? You are not alone & there is hope! Together we can identify: how you are feeling, what is contributing to your thoughts and feelings and a list of strategies to enhance resilience, improve relationships and feel an increased sense of fulfillment. If you are experiencing life challenges, adjustment, loss, intrapersonal or relationship issues impacting your mood, thinking or behavior, you are in the right place. You can begin a new journey of implementing healthy coping skills and moving toward peace, happiness, self-acceptance and more contentment.
(484) 698-8284 x103 View (484) 698-8284 x103
Photo of Colin Smith, LPC, Counselor
Colin Smith
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Downingtown, PA 19335  (Online Only)
Are you a teen or young adult struggling to navigate social pressures and responsibilities? A parent of a struggling teen? I help create self-esteem and establish proper perspectives when young adults feel overwhelmed. A full-time school counselor, Colin Smith has been working with adolescents both in schools and in outpatient therapy for nearly twenty years. Working in both public and approved private schools as well as community mental health has provided Colin with various learning opportunities. Areas of experience include individuals with anxiety, depression, self-esteem deficits, autism, and conduct disorders.
Are you a teen or young adult struggling to navigate social pressures and responsibilities? A parent of a struggling teen? I help create self-esteem and establish proper perspectives when young adults feel overwhelmed. A full-time school counselor, Colin Smith has been working with adolescents both in schools and in outpatient therapy for nearly twenty years. Working in both public and approved private schools as well as community mental health has provided Colin with various learning opportunities. Areas of experience include individuals with anxiety, depression, self-esteem deficits, autism, and conduct disorders.
(610) 753-4643 View (610) 753-4643
Photo of Tracy Rappold, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tracy Rappold
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Downingtown, PA 19335
When anxiety becomes too much it starts affecting the quality of your life. You may find you have difficulty with the day-to-day: looking after yourself, holding down a job, trying new things or simply enjoying your leisure time. Social situations can be a source of stress in which your body might tighten up for a fight response. You feel overwhelmed; thinking no way I am capable of interacting. Your body can develop symptoms from anxiety. Physical symptoms from anxiety feel like they are filling up your body: pain, fatigue, stomach upset, headaches, backache, dizziness, etc. Somatic Anxiety is the physical presentation of anxiety.
When anxiety becomes too much it starts affecting the quality of your life. You may find you have difficulty with the day-to-day: looking after yourself, holding down a job, trying new things or simply enjoying your leisure time. Social situations can be a source of stress in which your body might tighten up for a fight response. You feel overwhelmed; thinking no way I am capable of interacting. Your body can develop symptoms from anxiety. Physical symptoms from anxiety feel like they are filling up your body: pain, fatigue, stomach upset, headaches, backache, dizziness, etc. Somatic Anxiety is the physical presentation of anxiety.
(484) 459-9808 View (484) 459-9808
Photo of Kaitlyn Gawrylewski, MA, BC-DMT, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kaitlyn Gawrylewski
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, BC-DMT, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Downingtown, PA 19335
Later childhood and adolescence are one of the most challenging times in our lives. Whether you are a caregiver looking for someone to help your child manage the stressors that arise during these stages, or a teen looking for someone to help you navigate the emerging changes and challenges, my humanistic approach may be a good fit for you! I incorporate a whole person view when working with clients. Whether you are living with anxiety, depression, experiencing difficulty in family or peer relationships, or finding it a challenge acclimating to early adulthood, my collaborative approach may be the bridge toward optimal health.
Later childhood and adolescence are one of the most challenging times in our lives. Whether you are a caregiver looking for someone to help your child manage the stressors that arise during these stages, or a teen looking for someone to help you navigate the emerging changes and challenges, my humanistic approach may be a good fit for you! I incorporate a whole person view when working with clients. Whether you are living with anxiety, depression, experiencing difficulty in family or peer relationships, or finding it a challenge acclimating to early adulthood, my collaborative approach may be the bridge toward optimal health.
(484) 310-9062 View (484) 310-9062
Photo of Tori Kline, MA, ATR-BC, LPC, CBIS, RYT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tori Kline
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, ATR-BC, LPC, CBIS, RYT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Downingtown, PA 19335  (Online Only)
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, Board Certified Art Therapist, Certified Brain Injury Specialist and Registered Yoga Teacher, I specialize in taking a creative and holistic approach to help clients find balance of mind, body and spirit. I seek to support and empower individuals to develop skills that align with their values and strengths, as a way to get in touch with a more mindful and centered sense of being to overcome life’s challenges. I aim to assist adults experiencing brain injury, physical disability or medical trauma, depression, anxiety, grief and chronic pain.
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, Board Certified Art Therapist, Certified Brain Injury Specialist and Registered Yoga Teacher, I specialize in taking a creative and holistic approach to help clients find balance of mind, body and spirit. I seek to support and empower individuals to develop skills that align with their values and strengths, as a way to get in touch with a more mindful and centered sense of being to overcome life’s challenges. I aim to assist adults experiencing brain injury, physical disability or medical trauma, depression, anxiety, grief and chronic pain.
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Photo of Vanessa Zottoli, MS, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Vanessa Zottoli
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Downingtown, PA 19335
Hi! I am an anti-diet, weight inclusive provider. I specialize in working with clients who struggle with eating disorders and anxiety disorders. Are you struggling with restricting, binging, purging? Have a love/hate relationship with food? Anxious thoughts about school, social settings, or life? Maybe you feel like you will never recover, and have trouble feeling supported due to diet culture.
Hi! I am an anti-diet, weight inclusive provider. I specialize in working with clients who struggle with eating disorders and anxiety disorders. Are you struggling with restricting, binging, purging? Have a love/hate relationship with food? Anxious thoughts about school, social settings, or life? Maybe you feel like you will never recover, and have trouble feeling supported due to diet culture.
(484) 759-7552 View (484) 759-7552
Photo of Dr. Bill Morgan, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Bill Morgan
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Downingtown, PA 19335
I specialize in counseling/psychotherapy for emotional and relationship problems (anxiety, depression, marriage, and other); ADD/ADHD in children and adults; testing (diagnostic, psychoeducational, learning disabilities, career, ADHD, custody, forensic, and other); parenting and family issues; and career and workplace issues.
As a psychologist, counselor, and evaluator, I look at sessions as a collaborative process. Together we work towards making the changes my clients desire so that they experience more contentment, peace, satisfaction and success. I specialize in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, an evidence-based approach that helps people learn skills that last a lifetime. I am a licensed psychologist with over twenty years experience as a counselor, therapist, and diagnostician, and am active in training therapists.
I specialize in counseling/psychotherapy for emotional and relationship problems (anxiety, depression, marriage, and other); ADD/ADHD in children and adults; testing (diagnostic, psychoeducational, learning disabilities, career, ADHD, custody, forensic, and other); parenting and family issues; and career and workplace issues.
As a psychologist, counselor, and evaluator, I look at sessions as a collaborative process. Together we work towards making the changes my clients desire so that they experience more contentment, peace, satisfaction and success. I specialize in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, an evidence-based approach that helps people learn skills that last a lifetime. I am a licensed psychologist with over twenty years experience as a counselor, therapist, and diagnostician, and am active in training therapists.
(610) 644-8182 View (610) 644-8182
Photo of Lynne Hamer, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Lynne Hamer
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Downingtown, PA 19335
I am Lynne Hamer. I provide a safe and a quiet place to talk. My goal is to provide trusting and safe environment for you to be yourself. I provide therapy for depression, anxiety, grief, autism, ADHD, and life changes. I provide therapy for younger children and adults. I provide CBT, DBT, and music therapy.
I am Lynne Hamer. I provide a safe and a quiet place to talk. My goal is to provide trusting and safe environment for you to be yourself. I provide therapy for depression, anxiety, grief, autism, ADHD, and life changes. I provide therapy for younger children and adults. I provide CBT, DBT, and music therapy.
(484) 799-7576 View (484) 799-7576
Photo of Holly Copeland, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Holly Copeland
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Downingtown, PA 19335
She has been using EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprogramming) with clients for nearly two decades and it has repeatedly shown to be an effective treatment for those suffering with trauma, depression and anxiety.
Holly is a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 30 years’ experience guiding adolescents, adults, children and families. She is an adept listener who has worked extensively in private practice and in a variety of clinical settings including outpatient clinics, residential treatment facilities and schools. She uses mind-body techniques and maintains a holistic healing perspective to help you achieve mental, physical and spiritual well-being. Holly is trained in a variety of modalities, including EMDR, Flash Technique, Transpersonal and Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction.
She has been using EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprogramming) with clients for nearly two decades and it has repeatedly shown to be an effective treatment for those suffering with trauma, depression and anxiety.
Holly is a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 30 years’ experience guiding adolescents, adults, children and families. She is an adept listener who has worked extensively in private practice and in a variety of clinical settings including outpatient clinics, residential treatment facilities and schools. She uses mind-body techniques and maintains a holistic healing perspective to help you achieve mental, physical and spiritual well-being. Holly is trained in a variety of modalities, including EMDR, Flash Technique, Transpersonal and Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction.
(484) 209-6648 View (484) 209-6648
Photo of Tracy Defina, PhD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Tracy Defina
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Downingtown, PA 19335
In a safe, compassionate place, getting in touch with our emotions and growing in self-compassion can release us from depression and anxiety.
If you need a peaceful place to be heard with compassion, I can help. I believe the key to our mental health is being able to express our true selves and be heard. Receiving guidance for understanding and navigating emotions and behaviors that may be blocking our goals can lead to living more of the life we were meant to live. I work with individuals, children, couples or families. We can journey together with hope toward healing and thriving.
In a safe, compassionate place, getting in touch with our emotions and growing in self-compassion can release us from depression and anxiety.
If you need a peaceful place to be heard with compassion, I can help. I believe the key to our mental health is being able to express our true selves and be heard. Receiving guidance for understanding and navigating emotions and behaviors that may be blocking our goals can lead to living more of the life we were meant to live. I work with individuals, children, couples or families. We can journey together with hope toward healing and thriving.
(610) 269-2661 View (610) 269-2661
Photo of Kacey Schnaitman, MA, NCC, LPC, Counselor
Kacey Schnaitman
Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Downingtown, PA 19335
Sometimes our child has needs that can effect the entire family system. I focus on providing the child direct care, and provide parents the support to keep going, to keep working toward the potential you know your child has. Specifically, if your child is having ongoing school problems, is showing oppositional behavior, or has difficulty maintaining friendships. Additionally, if your child has been diagnosed, or your questioning whether your child has Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD, AD/HD) and needs "coaching" to cope with this problem, or he/she is showing signs of anxiety or depression, or abusing alcohol or drugs.
Sometimes our child has needs that can effect the entire family system. I focus on providing the child direct care, and provide parents the support to keep going, to keep working toward the potential you know your child has. Specifically, if your child is having ongoing school problems, is showing oppositional behavior, or has difficulty maintaining friendships. Additionally, if your child has been diagnosed, or your questioning whether your child has Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD, AD/HD) and needs "coaching" to cope with this problem, or he/she is showing signs of anxiety or depression, or abusing alcohol or drugs.
(610) 510-6593 View (610) 510-6593
Photo of Christopher James Carbo, MA, LPC, NCC, CAADC, CCTP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Christopher James Carbo
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, CAADC, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Downingtown, PA 19335  (Online Only)
My therapeutic approach, Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy, is effective in helping those who want to learn to manage anxiety, depression, and relationship issues.
Are you feeling overwhelmed with your relationships, career, or health challenges? Do you continue to repeat behaviors that push those that you love away? Do you want to learn how to cope with change and loss? Would you like to have more fulfilling relationships? Do you want to feel like your life has meaning and purpose? If so, this is your invitation to begin that journey. As a therapist, I am actively engaged in the process and will collaborate with you in an atmosphere that is accepting, compassionate, and positive.
My therapeutic approach, Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy, is effective in helping those who want to learn to manage anxiety, depression, and relationship issues.
Are you feeling overwhelmed with your relationships, career, or health challenges? Do you continue to repeat behaviors that push those that you love away? Do you want to learn how to cope with change and loss? Would you like to have more fulfilling relationships? Do you want to feel like your life has meaning and purpose? If so, this is your invitation to begin that journey. As a therapist, I am actively engaged in the process and will collaborate with you in an atmosphere that is accepting, compassionate, and positive.
(610) 440-3623 View (610) 440-3623
Photo of Holly Grimm, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Holly Grimm
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Downingtown, PA 19335
This method has been proven to be very effective with a number of conditions including ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, Addictions, and Chronic Pain including Migraine, among others.
My office is currently accepting new neurofeedback (EEG biofeedback) clients, but please be aware that my talk therapy/EMDR schedule is currently full.
This method has been proven to be very effective with a number of conditions including ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, Addictions, and Chronic Pain including Migraine, among others.
My office is currently accepting new neurofeedback (EEG biofeedback) clients, but please be aware that my talk therapy/EMDR schedule is currently full.
(610) 429-4100 View (610) 429-4100
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Anxiety Therapists

What are the most common treatments for anxiety?

Talk therapy, particularly cognitive behavioral therapy, is the most common treatment for anxiety. Studies have shown it is equally effective as medication. Other popular forms of therapy are popular, depending on a patient’s experience. Exposure therapy, for instance, can be useful for people dealing with fears and phobias, or who have experienced traumatic events. Dialectical Behavioral Therapy may be useful for patients who need help with emotion regulation. Anxiolytic medications, like benzodiazepines, can also help with calming a person enough to focus on the skills they’ve learned, and physical exercise has been shown to help symptoms of anxiety across the board.

How long does therapy for anxiety take to work?

The amount of time needed to alleviate symptoms depends on the severity of a person’s condition. Some therapies may take 5-20 weekly sessions to show results. Anti-depressant medications typically take two to four weeks before a benefit is felt. Anti-anxiety medications are felt typically within 20-30 minutes. Medications are best used to offer a patient a better headspace in which to work on techniques learned in therapy. Exercise, improved sleep habits, and meditation are effective, but takes weeks or months to show results.

When should I seek treatment for anxiety?

Everyone feels anxious at times, but when anxiety causes disruption to your daily life, it may be time to seek help. Such disruption can be mental, physical, or both: having fear dominate your thoughts, avoiding situations or objects that bring on feelings of anxiety, or experiencing shortness of breath, sweating, dizziness, or panic attacks. When these symptoms are recurrent and distressing, it may be time to talk to someone.

How effective is treatment for anxiety?

Treatment for anxiety has been shown to be moderately to highly effective, according to a large body of psychology studies and analyses. For some people, treatment using CBT or exposure therapy alone is effective. Others respond best to a combination of medication and therapy.