Suicidal Ideation Therapists in Broomall, PA

Photo of Tom Meredith, LPC, CAADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tom Meredith
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CAADC
Verified Verified
Broomall, PA 19008
Are you looking for someone with whom you can have an open, honest, direct, and thoughtful conversation about whatever matters most to you? Someone who will listen carefully and attentively to you? Someone who will engage you in warm, candid, and supportive dialogue in ways that encourage you and help you to grow as a person? Someone who will help you to repair whatever has been ruptured in your life? If so, we would likely work well together! At the most basic level, therapy is an opportunity to make an intentional connection with each other in order to bring about greater awareness and understanding, and, ultimately, healing.
Are you looking for someone with whom you can have an open, honest, direct, and thoughtful conversation about whatever matters most to you? Someone who will listen carefully and attentively to you? Someone who will engage you in warm, candid, and supportive dialogue in ways that encourage you and help you to grow as a person? Someone who will help you to repair whatever has been ruptured in your life? If so, we would likely work well together! At the most basic level, therapy is an opportunity to make an intentional connection with each other in order to bring about greater awareness and understanding, and, ultimately, healing.
(610) 995-6734 View (610) 995-6734
Joanne Kaminski
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Broomall, PA 19008
I am a PA licensed psychologist with a broad-based practice consisting of treatment for several mental health disorders, substance abuse/dependence, palliative care for clients with chronic medical disorders, bereavement, family and marital therapy, academic stressors, professional impairment, transferring from military to civilian life, as well as psychophysiological retraining through biofeedback. Cultural and religious beliefs are considered in all treatment approaches. Treatment approaches consist of cognitive behavioral, psychodynamic and mind-body approaches.
I am a PA licensed psychologist with a broad-based practice consisting of treatment for several mental health disorders, substance abuse/dependence, palliative care for clients with chronic medical disorders, bereavement, family and marital therapy, academic stressors, professional impairment, transferring from military to civilian life, as well as psychophysiological retraining through biofeedback. Cultural and religious beliefs are considered in all treatment approaches. Treatment approaches consist of cognitive behavioral, psychodynamic and mind-body approaches.
(484) 436-2080 View (484) 436-2080
Photo of Cheryl McCarthy - Direct Approach Psychological Services, PhD, Psychologist
Direct Approach Psychological Services
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Broomall, PA 19008
Not accepting new clients
I'm a psychologist with over 30 years of experience. I use a "direct approach" with patients and thus the name of my practice came to be. I work with patients to improve their self esteem, which is at the core of many symptoms. I also believe in different treatment approaches for different patients. So, one person may receive relaxation training, another CBT, another might build a behavioral hierarchy, while someone else may benefit from learning some DBT skills or using EMDR. Everyone is unique and so everyone is treated in a unique manner.
I'm a psychologist with over 30 years of experience. I use a "direct approach" with patients and thus the name of my practice came to be. I work with patients to improve their self esteem, which is at the core of many symptoms. I also believe in different treatment approaches for different patients. So, one person may receive relaxation training, another CBT, another might build a behavioral hierarchy, while someone else may benefit from learning some DBT skills or using EMDR. Everyone is unique and so everyone is treated in a unique manner.
(610) 508-6568 View (610) 508-6568
Photo of Ashley L Greene, MS, Pre-Licensed Professional
Ashley L Greene
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Broomall, PA 19008
If you have come to this page, please be proud of yourself for taking the difficult first step towards healing. It is an honor that you are considering working with me, and I look forward to supporting you in anyway I can. I have clinical experience working with PTSD/trauma, chronic illness, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, anxiety, depression and substance use. I am a therapist at Serenity Behavioral Health and work with teens & young adults ages 14-28. Serenity offers Intensive Outpatient when stepdown to Outpatient. Services include group, individual, family therapy, med management and more.
If you have come to this page, please be proud of yourself for taking the difficult first step towards healing. It is an honor that you are considering working with me, and I look forward to supporting you in anyway I can. I have clinical experience working with PTSD/trauma, chronic illness, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, anxiety, depression and substance use. I am a therapist at Serenity Behavioral Health and work with teens & young adults ages 14-28. Serenity offers Intensive Outpatient when stepdown to Outpatient. Services include group, individual, family therapy, med management and more.
(484) 616-2797 View (484) 616-2797
Photo of Jason M Zimmerman, DSocSci, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jason M Zimmerman
Licensed Professional Counselor, DSocSci, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Broomall, PA 19008
Whether you are facing personal challenges or relationship conflict, therapy provides an opportunity to explore your concerns, develop your strengths, improve your relationships, and face your vulnerabilities with confidence. This collaborative approach to personal growth offers reflective and insightful feedback within the context of a validating, present-centered environment. As we navigate the process of therapy together, the ultimate aim is a life of meaning and fulfillment.
Whether you are facing personal challenges or relationship conflict, therapy provides an opportunity to explore your concerns, develop your strengths, improve your relationships, and face your vulnerabilities with confidence. This collaborative approach to personal growth offers reflective and insightful feedback within the context of a validating, present-centered environment. As we navigate the process of therapy together, the ultimate aim is a life of meaning and fulfillment.
(484) 897-6824 View (484) 897-6824
Photo of Mike Lee, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mike Lee
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Broomall, PA 19008
For most people taking the step to start working on therapeutic goals can be intimidating. I pride myself in utilizing a collaborative approach to treatment that meets clients where they are while also celebrating the progress they make along the way. I firmly believe that within each person lies the key to improving their own mental wellbeing. I help clients find strength within themselves by unearthing their personal key and then apply it to their life. As a therapist and supervisor I focus on family, couples and children's therapy, especially working with neurodivergence and the full autism spectrum using evidence-based models.
For most people taking the step to start working on therapeutic goals can be intimidating. I pride myself in utilizing a collaborative approach to treatment that meets clients where they are while also celebrating the progress they make along the way. I firmly believe that within each person lies the key to improving their own mental wellbeing. I help clients find strength within themselves by unearthing their personal key and then apply it to their life. As a therapist and supervisor I focus on family, couples and children's therapy, especially working with neurodivergence and the full autism spectrum using evidence-based models.
(610) 679-8011 View (610) 679-8011
Photo of Francesca Santacroce - Serenity Behavioral Health, LMFT, IOP, OP, LPC, PMHNP
Serenity Behavioral Health
LMFT, IOP, OP, LPC, PMHNP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Broomall, PA 19008
In-person & In-network. Serenity specializes in mental health and substance use counseling for teens and young adults ages 14-28. We provide personalized intensive outpatient (IOP) and outpatient services with an emphasis on peer support and family involvement. At Serenity, we'll work together to identify what works best for you and provide a serene therapeutic space to connect, get support & make positive changes. Most clients begin in our IOP level of care before stepping down to outpatient. Services Include: Comprehensive Assessments, Individual, Group & Family Therapy, Medication Management, Parent Support, Life-Skills, & more.
In-person & In-network. Serenity specializes in mental health and substance use counseling for teens and young adults ages 14-28. We provide personalized intensive outpatient (IOP) and outpatient services with an emphasis on peer support and family involvement. At Serenity, we'll work together to identify what works best for you and provide a serene therapeutic space to connect, get support & make positive changes. Most clients begin in our IOP level of care before stepping down to outpatient. Services Include: Comprehensive Assessments, Individual, Group & Family Therapy, Medication Management, Parent Support, Life-Skills, & more.
(610) 609-2973 View (610) 609-2973
Photo of Peter Lewis, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Peter Lewis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Broomall, PA 19008
Life is complicated and it can get heavy and messy. It feels like things have been turned upside down. Some situations feel like a funhouse mirror and you want out of the funhouse but you don’t know how to find the exit. Life's tasks fall to the side. Your social life feels confusing. Hobbies feel meaningless. Self-care can be difficult. Friends and family offer their support, but their well-intentioned help doesn't always land the way you need it to. No one seems to understand what you’re going through. It's like a two-ton boulder is blocking your path. All you want to do is hide, but you know that's not who you are at your core.
Life is complicated and it can get heavy and messy. It feels like things have been turned upside down. Some situations feel like a funhouse mirror and you want out of the funhouse but you don’t know how to find the exit. Life's tasks fall to the side. Your social life feels confusing. Hobbies feel meaningless. Self-care can be difficult. Friends and family offer their support, but their well-intentioned help doesn't always land the way you need it to. No one seems to understand what you’re going through. It's like a two-ton boulder is blocking your path. All you want to do is hide, but you know that's not who you are at your core.
(610) 998-3238 View (610) 998-3238

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Dr. Lindsay Martin, PhD, LPC, NCC, CIMHP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dr. Lindsay Martin
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, NCC, CIMHP
Verified Verified
Media, PA 19063  (Online Only)
Hello! I'm Dr. Lindsay Martin, a Licensed Professional Counselor, committed to helping individuals begin their healing process. I provide a safe and supportive space where you can explore the depths of your emotions, overcome challenges, and embark on a path towards a more fulfilling life. I collaborate with individuals struggling with a variety of concerns, including anxiety, depression, addictions, relationship issues, suicidal thoughts, and trauma. Are you prepared to examine the thoughts and behaviors preventing you from living the life you truly want? Are you in search of personalized guidance to navigate this process?
Hello! I'm Dr. Lindsay Martin, a Licensed Professional Counselor, committed to helping individuals begin their healing process. I provide a safe and supportive space where you can explore the depths of your emotions, overcome challenges, and embark on a path towards a more fulfilling life. I collaborate with individuals struggling with a variety of concerns, including anxiety, depression, addictions, relationship issues, suicidal thoughts, and trauma. Are you prepared to examine the thoughts and behaviors preventing you from living the life you truly want? Are you in search of personalized guidance to navigate this process?
(484) 812-7974 View (484) 812-7974
Photo of Taylor Sczymecki, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Taylor Sczymecki
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Havertown, PA 19083  (Online Only)
I'm also passionate about supporting LGBTQ+ folks, people with an history of suicidal ideation or attempts, and a newer interest of mine is LGBTQ+ fertility.
My ideal therapy client wants to put in the work to explore themselves and be willing to take me along that journey with them. I'm here to listen, validate and challenge when needed. While my speciality is DBT, I also enjoy psychodynamic and person-centered approaches. I provide individual supervision for LCSW candidates as well. My ideal LSW supervisee is willing to be open and honest with themselves and with me as a newer social worker. I'm excited to support you in your adventure towards being an independent mental health professional and help you equip yourself with the tools needed for introspection, sound ethics and success.
I'm also passionate about supporting LGBTQ+ folks, people with an history of suicidal ideation or attempts, and a newer interest of mine is LGBTQ+ fertility.
My ideal therapy client wants to put in the work to explore themselves and be willing to take me along that journey with them. I'm here to listen, validate and challenge when needed. While my speciality is DBT, I also enjoy psychodynamic and person-centered approaches. I provide individual supervision for LCSW candidates as well. My ideal LSW supervisee is willing to be open and honest with themselves and with me as a newer social worker. I'm excited to support you in your adventure towards being an independent mental health professional and help you equip yourself with the tools needed for introspection, sound ethics and success.
(215) 608-3327 View (215) 608-3327
Photo of Justin Corrocher, MA, LPC, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Justin Corrocher
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Havertown, PA 19083
Not accepting new clients
I have extensive experience working with depression and anxiety, relational conflicts such as couple, caregiver, parent-child, and sibling conflicts, oppositional and defiant behavior, learning and attentional difficulties, suicidal behavior, bi-polar and mood disorder symptoms, social withdrawal, drug and alcohol abuse, and low self-esteem.
I am the former director of Media Child and Family Associates and a former supervisor and program coordinator for the Family First program: an intensive, home-based, family therapy program for Child Guidance Resource Centers. I am also a graduate and former faculty member of the Philadelphia Child and Family Therapy Training Center. I have over 20 years of experience as a therapist and have worked intensively with children, adolescents, families and couples.
I have extensive experience working with depression and anxiety, relational conflicts such as couple, caregiver, parent-child, and sibling conflicts, oppositional and defiant behavior, learning and attentional difficulties, suicidal behavior, bi-polar and mood disorder symptoms, social withdrawal, drug and alcohol abuse, and low self-esteem.
I am the former director of Media Child and Family Associates and a former supervisor and program coordinator for the Family First program: an intensive, home-based, family therapy program for Child Guidance Resource Centers. I am also a graduate and former faculty member of the Philadelphia Child and Family Therapy Training Center. I have over 20 years of experience as a therapist and have worked intensively with children, adolescents, families and couples.
(484) 494-2064 View (484) 494-2064
Photo of Maribeth (Liz) Younger - Liz Younger, LCSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Liz Younger, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Havertown, PA 19083  (Online Only)
I am an Allentown Human Relations Award and Northampton County Suicide Prevention Award winner.
My therapeutic philosophy is that Individuals need to be a part of their own solutions. I strive to empower clients to feel that their successes come from themselves and are the result of their own hard work. My experience in social work is deliberately broad to address a wide range of concerns. My background includes child development/behavioral issues, couples counseling, adolescent, geriatric, vocational/employment counseling, chronic disease case management and Life coaching.
I am an Allentown Human Relations Award and Northampton County Suicide Prevention Award winner.
My therapeutic philosophy is that Individuals need to be a part of their own solutions. I strive to empower clients to feel that their successes come from themselves and are the result of their own hard work. My experience in social work is deliberately broad to address a wide range of concerns. My background includes child development/behavioral issues, couples counseling, adolescent, geriatric, vocational/employment counseling, chronic disease case management and Life coaching.
(610) 708-2376 View (610) 708-2376
Photo of Julie Zubryd, MA, NCC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Julie Zubryd
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Havertown, PA 19083
I provide individual and family therapy my clients (14+) struggling with a wide range of difficulties including, trauma, anxiety, depression, life changes, grief, relationship issues, anger, mood disorders, codependency, sexuality and gender issues, personality disorders, OCD, social dysfunction, low self-esteem, suicidal ideation and self-injury.
My number one goal is to provide a relaxing and safe environment and relationship for my clients to begin their path to healing. I desire to work with my clients to create a well rounded and holistic approach into their well being. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor.
I provide individual and family therapy my clients (14+) struggling with a wide range of difficulties including, trauma, anxiety, depression, life changes, grief, relationship issues, anger, mood disorders, codependency, sexuality and gender issues, personality disorders, OCD, social dysfunction, low self-esteem, suicidal ideation and self-injury.
My number one goal is to provide a relaxing and safe environment and relationship for my clients to begin their path to healing. I desire to work with my clients to create a well rounded and holistic approach into their well being. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor.
(412) 388-2365 View (412) 388-2365
Photo of Sharon Young, PhD, Psychologist
Sharon Young
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Havertown, PA 19083  (Online Only)
Additionally, I have assisted clients in targeting specific behaviors, including persistent suicidal ideation or acts of self-harm.
Hello! I am a Clinical Psychologist licensed in Pennsylvania with over twenty years of experience practicing psychotherapy. I earned a doctorate (PhD) in clinical psychology from Georgia State University. I have worked with clients of various ages in a variety of settings. In addition, I have worked with clients experiencing a wide variety of psychological challenges and concerns, including: mood disorders, anxiety disorders; psychotic disorders; attentional difficulties; impulse control and behavioral problems; substance use and misuse problems; and problems associated with significant stress and trauma.
Additionally, I have assisted clients in targeting specific behaviors, including persistent suicidal ideation or acts of self-harm.
Hello! I am a Clinical Psychologist licensed in Pennsylvania with over twenty years of experience practicing psychotherapy. I earned a doctorate (PhD) in clinical psychology from Georgia State University. I have worked with clients of various ages in a variety of settings. In addition, I have worked with clients experiencing a wide variety of psychological challenges and concerns, including: mood disorders, anxiety disorders; psychotic disorders; attentional difficulties; impulse control and behavioral problems; substance use and misuse problems; and problems associated with significant stress and trauma.
(412) 561-9961 View (412) 561-9961
Photo of Jacqueline Siempelkamp, MS, NCC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jacqueline Siempelkamp
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Havertown, PA 19083
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I have experience (and enjoy!) working with clients of all ages. I regularly work with children as young as 4, adolescents, college-age clients, and adults alike. I am equipped to help clients who are experiencing symptoms related to depression, anxiety, anger, ADHD, self-esteem, body image, eating habits/behaviors, divorce, substance abuse, suicidal ideation, relationships, behavioral concerns, sexuality and gender exploration (LGBTQIA+), academic or school issues, and phase of life adjustment or transitions.
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I have experience (and enjoy!) working with clients of all ages. I regularly work with children as young as 4, adolescents, college-age clients, and adults alike. I am equipped to help clients who are experiencing symptoms related to depression, anxiety, anger, ADHD, self-esteem, body image, eating habits/behaviors, divorce, substance abuse, suicidal ideation, relationships, behavioral concerns, sexuality and gender exploration (LGBTQIA+), academic or school issues, and phase of life adjustment or transitions.
(215) 352-4683 View (215) 352-4683
Photo of Nicholas G DeMaria, MS, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Nicholas G DeMaria
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Newtown Square, PA 19073
Do you feel like you need to take a closer look at your life? Maybe something doesn't feel quite right, and you're looking for guidance to identify and overcome that challenge. Therapy with me is a process which involves examining your feelings and experiences to illuminate a path to a better quality of life. Getting the help you need through therapy can be courageous and empowering. It would be my privilege to help light the way forward for you.
Do you feel like you need to take a closer look at your life? Maybe something doesn't feel quite right, and you're looking for guidance to identify and overcome that challenge. Therapy with me is a process which involves examining your feelings and experiences to illuminate a path to a better quality of life. Getting the help you need through therapy can be courageous and empowering. It would be my privilege to help light the way forward for you.
(610) 600-6461 View (610) 600-6461
Photo of Tiffany Holmes, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Tiffany Holmes
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Havertown, PA 19083
My ideal client is open, curious, and willing to try. Their goals may include improving self-esteem and body image, developing effective communication skills and relationships, expanding movement vocabulary, gaining insight into patterns of behavior, creating new coping options, building self-awareness, improving emotional regulation, and strengthening the connection between the brain and the body
My ideal client is open, curious, and willing to try. Their goals may include improving self-esteem and body image, developing effective communication skills and relationships, expanding movement vocabulary, gaining insight into patterns of behavior, creating new coping options, building self-awareness, improving emotional regulation, and strengthening the connection between the brain and the body
(610) 827-5847 x800 View (610) 827-5847 x800
Photo of Valerie Latney, LPC, CMHPC, NCC, NBCC, Counselor
Valerie Latney
Counselor, LPC, CMHPC, NCC, NBCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Springfield, PA 19064  (Online Only)
What if your best life is just a phone call away? What would you be willing to do??? Don't let guilt, shame, heart aches, or betrayal hold you back any longer. Live long enough and you or someone you know can experience any of these issues. Experiencing any of these circumstances can leave you feeling loss, helpless, hopeless and stuck. Unresolved hurts from our past or present can keep us trapped or disillusioned that life can never get better. My name is Valerie Latney and I would be honored to journey with you into well being.
What if your best life is just a phone call away? What would you be willing to do??? Don't let guilt, shame, heart aches, or betrayal hold you back any longer. Live long enough and you or someone you know can experience any of these issues. Experiencing any of these circumstances can leave you feeling loss, helpless, hopeless and stuck. Unresolved hurts from our past or present can keep us trapped or disillusioned that life can never get better. My name is Valerie Latney and I would be honored to journey with you into well being.
(610) 981-1288 View (610) 981-1288
Photo of Shannon Casey, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Shannon Casey
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Manoa, PA 19083  (Online Only)
I believe in meeting people where they are, perpetuating meaningful and supportive connection. I enjoy working with clients who are experiencing abuse, neglect, and trauma and who are suffering from the consequences of that trauma. I will help you understand your specific trauma responses and how to change them. You can find relief. You can heal. My goal is to support you in making changes in your life that will lead to positive outcomes and a fulfilling life.
I believe in meeting people where they are, perpetuating meaningful and supportive connection. I enjoy working with clients who are experiencing abuse, neglect, and trauma and who are suffering from the consequences of that trauma. I will help you understand your specific trauma responses and how to change them. You can find relief. You can heal. My goal is to support you in making changes in your life that will lead to positive outcomes and a fulfilling life.
(484) 240-2263 View (484) 240-2263
Photo of Natalie Zemaitis, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Natalie Zemaitis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Newtown Square, PA 19073
Making the decision to seek the support of a therapist is a very personal process and often occurs when one wants to change an aspect of life. I work collaboratively with clients to build a trusting and compassionate therapeutic alliance, interweaving my training in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and Image Transformation Therapy (ImTT) with my background in Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) to make the counseling experience educational and empowering.
Making the decision to seek the support of a therapist is a very personal process and often occurs when one wants to change an aspect of life. I work collaboratively with clients to build a trusting and compassionate therapeutic alliance, interweaving my training in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and Image Transformation Therapy (ImTT) with my background in Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) to make the counseling experience educational and empowering.
(215) 874-0963 View (215) 874-0963
Suicidal Ideation Therapists

How does therapy for suicidal ideation work?

Stress, depression, anxiety, or upsetting circumstances can give rise to suicidal thinking. Therapy can address the events at the core of an individual’s suffering. Understanding why a person may be suicidal can help the therapist and the patient discover alternative methods of coping. A person with suicidal ideation may be mired in catastrophic thinking, and treatment like cognitive behavioral therapy is a good choice for breaking such patterns. In addition, treatment such as acceptance and commitment therapy can help a person manage their distress through better emotion regulation.

Which therapies are best for suicidal ideation?

Specific approaches used by professionals include cognitive behavioral, dialectical behavior, psychodynamic, acceptance and commitment therapies, among others. Cognitive behavioral and dialectical behavior therapies are two widely used therapies that can help individuals with painful thoughts and past traumas. These therapies help an individual tolerate distress, regulate emotions, and not act on dangerous urges.

Are there specific medications to be combined with therapy?

The use of medication for suicidal thoughts must be aligned with the underlying cause; conditions such as depression, anxiety, and psychosis may be at the root of suicidal ideation. A psychiatrist may prescribe medications for symptoms, which may include antipsychotics such as aripiprazole or antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

How often and how long are therapy sessions for suicidal ideation?

As with any type of therapy, sessions depend on the individual. Patients may see improvement within 15 to 20 sessions, at an average of 50 minutes per session, while others may opt for 20 to 30 sessions over, perhaps, a six-month period. Still other patients, especially those with co-occurring conditions like major depression and anxiety, may need to continue sessions for up to 12 to 18 months. In some cases, residential treatment may be recommended for an individual who is judged to be at high risk of self-harm.