Trauma and PTSD Therapists in Bridgeport, PA

Photo of Claire Myers, PC, Counselor
Claire Myers
Counselor, PC
Verified Verified
Bridgeport, PA 19405
She has experience in treating individuals with a wide range of concerns including trauma, addiction, and mood disorders.
Claire Myers is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2020. Claire's foundational approach is Person-Centered as building a strong, healthy therapeutic relationship with her clients is key to promote growth, healing, and overall positive well-being. She understands entering therapy can be daunting and strives to make the therapeutic environment nurturing while also challenging to facilitate change.
She has experience in treating individuals with a wide range of concerns including trauma, addiction, and mood disorders.
Claire Myers is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2020. Claire's foundational approach is Person-Centered as building a strong, healthy therapeutic relationship with her clients is key to promote growth, healing, and overall positive well-being. She understands entering therapy can be daunting and strives to make the therapeutic environment nurturing while also challenging to facilitate change.
(484) 613-3918 View (484) 613-3918
Photo of Emily Bensinger, LPC, ATR, Licensed Professional Counselor
Emily Bensinger
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ATR
Verified Verified
Bridgeport, PA 19405
Emily Bensinger is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2019. She graduated from The George Washington University with her Master’s in Art Therapy and Counseling. Emily has clinical experience providing art therapy and psychotherapy to children, adolescents, adults, and seniors from diverse backgrounds in various settings. She works from a person-centered, humanistic, trauma-informed approach, and meets each of her clients exactly where they are in their healing journey to best meet their needs.
Emily Bensinger is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2019. She graduated from The George Washington University with her Master’s in Art Therapy and Counseling. Emily has clinical experience providing art therapy and psychotherapy to children, adolescents, adults, and seniors from diverse backgrounds in various settings. She works from a person-centered, humanistic, trauma-informed approach, and meets each of her clients exactly where they are in their healing journey to best meet their needs.
(215) 935-4718 View (215) 935-4718
Photo of Amanda Mullery, LPC, DEA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amanda Mullery
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LPC, DEA
Verified Verified
Bridgeport, PA 19405
Hello! My name is Amanda Mullery and I am a national board certified counselor and licensed professional counselor in Pennsylvania. I received my undergraduate degree at West Chester University and my master's from Immaculata University. I became a counselor because I believe in the power of the individual and their desire for change. I enjoy being a catalyst to help others live their best life. I have specialized in treating substance abuse/addiction, trauma, and behavioral challenges that can occur with diagnoses such as ADHD, ODD, and Conduct Disorder.
Hello! My name is Amanda Mullery and I am a national board certified counselor and licensed professional counselor in Pennsylvania. I received my undergraduate degree at West Chester University and my master's from Immaculata University. I became a counselor because I believe in the power of the individual and their desire for change. I enjoy being a catalyst to help others live their best life. I have specialized in treating substance abuse/addiction, trauma, and behavioral challenges that can occur with diagnoses such as ADHD, ODD, and Conduct Disorder.
(215) 607-6479 View (215) 607-6479
Photo of Ashley Weaver, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ashley Weaver
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bridgeport, PA 19405
I am passionate about collaborating with individuals and families to help them reach their goals and find fulfillment. I strive to create a warm, safe and culturally sensitive environment where one can develop skills and gain insight into their unique personal challenges. I have experience treating a wide range of psychiatric conditions including depression, anxiety, ADHD, trauma related disorders, and mood disorders. I have experience working with clients in multiple levels of care including residential, outpatient and in home services through family-based work.
I am passionate about collaborating with individuals and families to help them reach their goals and find fulfillment. I strive to create a warm, safe and culturally sensitive environment where one can develop skills and gain insight into their unique personal challenges. I have experience treating a wide range of psychiatric conditions including depression, anxiety, ADHD, trauma related disorders, and mood disorders. I have experience working with clients in multiple levels of care including residential, outpatient and in home services through family-based work.
(484) 290-1818 View (484) 290-1818
Photo of Alicia Lauro, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Alicia Lauro
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bridgeport, PA 19405
Alicia Lauro is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2017. She earned her Master's Degree in Clinical Mental Health in Counseling through Immaculata University. Alicia strives to create a comfortable, safe environment to collaborate with clients in exploring and building their treatment goals. She offers individualized care through the framework of evidence-based practices such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
Alicia Lauro is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2017. She earned her Master's Degree in Clinical Mental Health in Counseling through Immaculata University. Alicia strives to create a comfortable, safe environment to collaborate with clients in exploring and building their treatment goals. She offers individualized care through the framework of evidence-based practices such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
(215) 965-4389 View (215) 965-4389
Photo of Allison Pickel, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Allison Pickel
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bridgeport, PA 19405
She has treated individuals with a wide range of concerns, including trauma, grief/loss, depression and other mood disorders, anxiety disorders, OCD, substance misuse, Bipolar Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, postpartum adjustment, Schizophrenia and other related disorders, and those within the LGBTQ+ community who are in need of support.
Allison holds a master's degree in Clinical Psychology from West Chester University of Pennsylvania and has worked in outpatient, inpatient, residential, and BHRS/wraparound settings in a variety of roles during her career in the mental health field. She is a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Pennsylvania, with over 11 years of experience in providing psychotherapy to children, adolescents, adults, couples, and families.
She has treated individuals with a wide range of concerns, including trauma, grief/loss, depression and other mood disorders, anxiety disorders, OCD, substance misuse, Bipolar Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, postpartum adjustment, Schizophrenia and other related disorders, and those within the LGBTQ+ community who are in need of support.
Allison holds a master's degree in Clinical Psychology from West Chester University of Pennsylvania and has worked in outpatient, inpatient, residential, and BHRS/wraparound settings in a variety of roles during her career in the mental health field. She is a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Pennsylvania, with over 11 years of experience in providing psychotherapy to children, adolescents, adults, couples, and families.
(267) 489-1910 View (267) 489-1910
Photo of Jeffrey Marshall, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jeffrey Marshall
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bridgeport, PA 19405
I am also a nationally certified practitioner of the Trauma Focused "“ Cognitive Behavioral Therapy model, which is designed to help children and adolescents process and heal from trauma and traumatic grief.
I have been working with children, adults and families for 15 years and have a passion for helping individuals and families work towards change and build the lives and relationships they aspire to. I focus on cultivating the safe and warm environment that is necessary for any successful therapy. I am trained in and integrate various modalities into my work, including CBT, motivational interviewing, DBT, and Structural family therapy.
I am also a nationally certified practitioner of the Trauma Focused "“ Cognitive Behavioral Therapy model, which is designed to help children and adolescents process and heal from trauma and traumatic grief.
I have been working with children, adults and families for 15 years and have a passion for helping individuals and families work towards change and build the lives and relationships they aspire to. I focus on cultivating the safe and warm environment that is necessary for any successful therapy. I am trained in and integrate various modalities into my work, including CBT, motivational interviewing, DBT, and Structural family therapy.
(484) 969-9216 View (484) 969-9216
Photo of Joanne Mayer, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Joanne Mayer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bridgeport, PA 19405
Jodi received her Master of Science from Case Western Reserve University. As a licensed clinical social worker, she works with children, families, individuals, and couples. With over 20 years of experience, she specializes in treating depression, anxiety, loss, and trauma. She is a certified trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapist who also has a strong background in family therapy and working with individuals with mood disorders, adjustment issues, relationship issues, abuse issues and grief and loss.
Jodi received her Master of Science from Case Western Reserve University. As a licensed clinical social worker, she works with children, families, individuals, and couples. With over 20 years of experience, she specializes in treating depression, anxiety, loss, and trauma. She is a certified trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapist who also has a strong background in family therapy and working with individuals with mood disorders, adjustment issues, relationship issues, abuse issues and grief and loss.
(267) 732-0886 View (267) 732-0886
Photo of Dana M Carlomagno - Instilling Hope, LLC, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Instilling Hope, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Bridgeport, PA 19405  (Online Only)
I approach each client's therapy based on his or her unique goals and needs. You and I work together as a team to identify the patterns that are affecting your life, and build the knowledge and skills to allow you to live a satisfying life. I am flexible in how I approach treatment, as I will integrate various therapy practices and approaches in order to best fit your needs. I work to create a safe enviornment where client's can grow and learn through their struggles.
I approach each client's therapy based on his or her unique goals and needs. You and I work together as a team to identify the patterns that are affecting your life, and build the knowledge and skills to allow you to live a satisfying life. I am flexible in how I approach treatment, as I will integrate various therapy practices and approaches in order to best fit your needs. I work to create a safe enviornment where client's can grow and learn through their struggles.
(267) 354-4495 View (267) 354-4495
Photo of Nicole Mullen, MA, LPC, CCTP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Nicole Mullen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Bridgeport, PA 19405  (Online Only)
Welcome! I'm Nicole, a compassionate Licensed Professional Counselor dedicated to helping you live your best life possible. I view therapy as a partnership where you are in control, and it is my privilege at assist in guiding you to achieving your goals. I am passionate about the field of mental health, and it is an honor to be able to join you on your journey.
Welcome! I'm Nicole, a compassionate Licensed Professional Counselor dedicated to helping you live your best life possible. I view therapy as a partnership where you are in control, and it is my privilege at assist in guiding you to achieving your goals. I am passionate about the field of mental health, and it is an honor to be able to join you on your journey.
(570) 529-9096 View (570) 529-9096
Photo of Amelia Sermania, LPC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amelia Sermania
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LPC
Verified Verified
Bridgeport, PA 19405
Amelia Sermania, LPC Amelia Sermania is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2019. She earned her Undergraduate in Psychology from West Chester University and her Masters in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Immaculata University. Amelia's treatment philosophy is to create a safe and warm space for her clients to feel comfortable in sharing their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. She wants her clients to feel supported in their mental health journey and feel guided by using coping skills and distress tolerance skills learned in therapy.
Amelia Sermania, LPC Amelia Sermania is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2019. She earned her Undergraduate in Psychology from West Chester University and her Masters in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Immaculata University. Amelia's treatment philosophy is to create a safe and warm space for her clients to feel comfortable in sharing their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. She wants her clients to feel supported in their mental health journey and feel guided by using coping skills and distress tolerance skills learned in therapy.
(215) 402-5504 View (215) 402-5504
Photo of Anthony Russo, LPC, Licensed Psychoanalyst
Anthony Russo
Licensed Psychoanalyst, LPC
Verified Verified
Bridgeport, PA 19405
Anthony Russo is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2007. Anthony can help a client to understand that a long journey to recovery is marked by very small, but consistent steps. Xe can support change and action by recognizing a client's personal strengths and then placing a plan in action toward more goal-focused areas. Anthony's specialties are working with individuals who suffer from depression, anxiety, ADHD, obsessive compulsive disorder, and various forms of addictions.
Anthony Russo is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2007. Anthony can help a client to understand that a long journey to recovery is marked by very small, but consistent steps. Xe can support change and action by recognizing a client's personal strengths and then placing a plan in action toward more goal-focused areas. Anthony's specialties are working with individuals who suffer from depression, anxiety, ADHD, obsessive compulsive disorder, and various forms of addictions.
(484) 263-5330 View (484) 263-5330

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Kathryn Nevin, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kathryn Nevin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
King Of Prussia, PA 19406  (Online Only)
Hello, I'm Kathryn Nevin, LCSW, CCTP. It's wonderful to see you seeking support and making strides to connect here! I'm here to assist with various challenges like anxiety, depression, anger, grief and loss, self-harm, and personality disorders. My focus lies particularly in trauma therapy. In our first session, I'll tailor our approach to suit your needs and optimize outcomes.
Hello, I'm Kathryn Nevin, LCSW, CCTP. It's wonderful to see you seeking support and making strides to connect here! I'm here to assist with various challenges like anxiety, depression, anger, grief and loss, self-harm, and personality disorders. My focus lies particularly in trauma therapy. In our first session, I'll tailor our approach to suit your needs and optimize outcomes.
(215) 608-5627 View (215) 608-5627
Photo of Michele Saffier, LMFT, CSAT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Michele Saffier
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CSAT
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19401
My interest is in helping those who have traumatized or been traumatized by betrayal to understand, integrate the trauma and reclaim their mental wellness,I endeavor to guide couples into healing and reconciliation.
I am a licensed marriage and family therapist and certified sex addiction therapist as well as Level 3 EMDR practitioner. I have been been practicing for over 25 years. I have specialized in infidelity, chronic infidelity, betrayal trauma and sexual addiction treatment since 1996 with a particular interest in working with partners. I develop partners programs utilizing the trauma model which views the partner as a victim of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. My private practice office is Blue Bell, Pennsylvania where I conduct groups, individual, couples and family therapy for sexual compulsion, partners and their families.
My interest is in helping those who have traumatized or been traumatized by betrayal to understand, integrate the trauma and reclaim their mental wellness,I endeavor to guide couples into healing and reconciliation.
I am a licensed marriage and family therapist and certified sex addiction therapist as well as Level 3 EMDR practitioner. I have been been practicing for over 25 years. I have specialized in infidelity, chronic infidelity, betrayal trauma and sexual addiction treatment since 1996 with a particular interest in working with partners. I develop partners programs utilizing the trauma model which views the partner as a victim of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. My private practice office is Blue Bell, Pennsylvania where I conduct groups, individual, couples and family therapy for sexual compulsion, partners and their families.
(215) 600-4764 View (215) 600-4764
Photo of Vicki Tornetta - Vicki Tornetta Counseling, LLC, MA, NCC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Vicki Tornetta Counseling, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Conshohocken, PA 19428
As a EMDRIA certified EMDR therapist, extensive experiencing working trauma, abuse I have seen first hand the relief and change clients can experience.
If you are experiencing increased stress, anxiety, depression, or mood changes please contact me. I am an EMDRIA certified EMDR therapist and have extensive experience working with trauma, anxiety, depression, eating disorders and body image issues. I am interested in helping the whole person, paying attention to the intersection of spiritual, physical, and emotional health-to encourage overall well-being. I believe that the counseling relationship is critical to the healing process, so I strive to create a warm, genuine, understanding, and safe environment, while using evidence-based treatments.
As a EMDRIA certified EMDR therapist, extensive experiencing working trauma, abuse I have seen first hand the relief and change clients can experience.
If you are experiencing increased stress, anxiety, depression, or mood changes please contact me. I am an EMDRIA certified EMDR therapist and have extensive experience working with trauma, anxiety, depression, eating disorders and body image issues. I am interested in helping the whole person, paying attention to the intersection of spiritual, physical, and emotional health-to encourage overall well-being. I believe that the counseling relationship is critical to the healing process, so I strive to create a warm, genuine, understanding, and safe environment, while using evidence-based treatments.
(610) 756-0518 View (610) 756-0518
Photo of Mehjabeen Aubol, LPC, LMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Mehjabeen Aubol
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Conshohocken, PA 19428  (Online Only)
My name is Mehjabeen (Mehj) Aubol. I am a trained Trauma Therapist with significant experience addressing trauma and PTSD in adults, teens, and children. I am licensed in Pennsylvania and Washington state with 9 years of experience as a therapist. I grew up immersed in more than one culture. I consider myself to have a strong cross-cultural understanding, and can relate to individuals who come from multiple cultures and backgrounds. I always to get to know the individual first, understand their goals for therapy, and work with them as a team to help them get to where they desire to be in their life.
My name is Mehjabeen (Mehj) Aubol. I am a trained Trauma Therapist with significant experience addressing trauma and PTSD in adults, teens, and children. I am licensed in Pennsylvania and Washington state with 9 years of experience as a therapist. I grew up immersed in more than one culture. I consider myself to have a strong cross-cultural understanding, and can relate to individuals who come from multiple cultures and backgrounds. I always to get to know the individual first, understand their goals for therapy, and work with them as a team to help them get to where they desire to be in their life.
(484) 789-9470 View (484) 789-9470
Photo of Joseph Kwak, LCSW, CAADC, CRPS, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Joseph Kwak
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CAADC, CRPS
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
King Of Prussia, PA 19406
I am a Licensed Social Worker specializing in working with teens and adults experiencing issues around life stage transitions, self-esteem, existential crisis, and relational issues. I enjoy working with individuals who are motivated and curious to explore parts of themself which are often challenging to address ( like: guilt, shame, anger, inter-generational trauma). I have extensive experience working with clients in all levels of care addressing suicidality, addiction, self-harm, and sexual trauma. My therapeutic focus is to use system perspective and relational techniques to increase self-worth and self efficacy.
I am a Licensed Social Worker specializing in working with teens and adults experiencing issues around life stage transitions, self-esteem, existential crisis, and relational issues. I enjoy working with individuals who are motivated and curious to explore parts of themself which are often challenging to address ( like: guilt, shame, anger, inter-generational trauma). I have extensive experience working with clients in all levels of care addressing suicidality, addiction, self-harm, and sexual trauma. My therapeutic focus is to use system perspective and relational techniques to increase self-worth and self efficacy.
(484) 787-3305 View (484) 787-3305
Photo of Jessica Ventura, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jessica Ventura
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
King Of Prussia, PA 19406
My name is Jess, I have experience working with adults, teens, children & families. My specialties are treating trauma related disorders, issues related to adjustment, emotional & behavioral regulation, grief/loss, attachment and foster care/adoption. I also specialize in treating anxiety and depression. I am trained & certified in Eye Movement Desensitization Therapy (EMDR). I utilize Psychodynamic, Emotion Focused, & Cognitive Behavioral Therapy tools and techniques to help clients recognize, accept, and cope with feelings generated by their past and present experiences.
My name is Jess, I have experience working with adults, teens, children & families. My specialties are treating trauma related disorders, issues related to adjustment, emotional & behavioral regulation, grief/loss, attachment and foster care/adoption. I also specialize in treating anxiety and depression. I am trained & certified in Eye Movement Desensitization Therapy (EMDR). I utilize Psychodynamic, Emotion Focused, & Cognitive Behavioral Therapy tools and techniques to help clients recognize, accept, and cope with feelings generated by their past and present experiences.
(484) 218-4620 View (484) 218-4620
Photo of Heather Baron, MEd, MSS, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Heather Baron
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MEd, MSS, LCSW
Verified Verified
King Of Prussia, PA 19406  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
All people have the potential to change, grow and find meaning. Trauma and grief can interfere with this process and cause you to feel stuck. Many challenges that bring people into therapy (for example, relationship issues, depression and anxiety), have their roots in unresolved trauma and grief. As an EMDR therapist, I will help you identify these connections and activate your brain’s own natural ability to heal. EMDR goes beyond the insight sought in traditional talk therapy. By resolving the underlying issues contributing to your problems on a deep, emotional level, we will bring about significant and lasting change.
All people have the potential to change, grow and find meaning. Trauma and grief can interfere with this process and cause you to feel stuck. Many challenges that bring people into therapy (for example, relationship issues, depression and anxiety), have their roots in unresolved trauma and grief. As an EMDR therapist, I will help you identify these connections and activate your brain’s own natural ability to heal. EMDR goes beyond the insight sought in traditional talk therapy. By resolving the underlying issues contributing to your problems on a deep, emotional level, we will bring about significant and lasting change.
(267) 310-1503 View (267) 310-1503
Photo of Molly Johnston, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Molly Johnston
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
King Of Prussia, PA 19406  (Online Only)
Along with traditional therapeutic models such as CBT, DBT, MI, and psychodynamics, I also have experience integrating additional concepts including trauma, self-esteem and compassion, healthy relationships, kink and poly-friendly, diet culture recovery / Health At Every Size, and spirituality.
I think that therapy doesn’t have to be complicated. As a client you can expect to highlight your strengths, speak to your individual experience in a non-judgmental environment, receive unconditional support from someone you trust, and learn new ways to lessen your pain. Therapy is a wonderfully transformative venture, where two people collaborate on how to navigate the human experience. My approach is strengths-based, person-first, and multifaceted to meet your specific needs.
Along with traditional therapeutic models such as CBT, DBT, MI, and psychodynamics, I also have experience integrating additional concepts including trauma, self-esteem and compassion, healthy relationships, kink and poly-friendly, diet culture recovery / Health At Every Size, and spirituality.
I think that therapy doesn’t have to be complicated. As a client you can expect to highlight your strengths, speak to your individual experience in a non-judgmental environment, receive unconditional support from someone you trust, and learn new ways to lessen your pain. Therapy is a wonderfully transformative venture, where two people collaborate on how to navigate the human experience. My approach is strengths-based, person-first, and multifaceted to meet your specific needs.
(412) 946-0951 View (412) 946-0951

See more therapy options for Bridgeport

Trauma and PTSD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.