Mindfulness-Based (MBCT) Therapists in Allison Park, PA
![Photo of Allison Marshall, LPC, MEd, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3b543416-085c-4fd2-a2ae-6d13135912f6/1/320x400.jpeg)
Allison Marshall
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MEd, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Allison Park, PA 15101
Waitlist for new clients
My extensive training includes trauma-informed treatment modalities such as EMDR, DBT, and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy.
I offer a safe, non-judgmental space where clients can express their stories and concerns while feeling understood and motivated after each session. My area of expertise lies in working with teens, emerging adults, and adults struggling with anxiety, depression, relational issues, and PTSD. I strive to build a strong connection with my clients, and regularly seek feedback to ensure their involvement in the therapy process.
My extensive training includes trauma-informed treatment modalities such as EMDR, DBT, and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy.
I offer a safe, non-judgmental space where clients can express their stories and concerns while feeling understood and motivated after each session. My area of expertise lies in working with teens, emerging adults, and adults struggling with anxiety, depression, relational issues, and PTSD. I strive to build a strong connection with my clients, and regularly seek feedback to ensure their involvement in the therapy process.
![Photo of Marissa Kearney, LSW, MSW, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/305f53b5-3685-43e4-a839-bb5113a32d30/2/320x400.png)
I specialize in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Mindfulness-based (MBCT), Psychological First Aid (PFA), and Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT).
Sometimes life can become overwhelming and it seems like there is nowhere to turn. It can be isolating feeling stuck or lost, but know you are not alone. I am here to provide a safe and supportive environment and empower you through your journey of healing. I aim to help break down the barriers that are preventing you from being the best version of you.
I specialize in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Mindfulness-based (MBCT), Psychological First Aid (PFA), and Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT).
Sometimes life can become overwhelming and it seems like there is nowhere to turn. It can be isolating feeling stuck or lost, but know you are not alone. I am here to provide a safe and supportive environment and empower you through your journey of healing. I aim to help break down the barriers that are preventing you from being the best version of you.
![Photo of Rita Lampe, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/782cfd56-60fc-4483-bb2f-2b74c37e66ce/1/320x400.jpeg)
Over the past 30 plus years of providing counseling to children/adolescents, adults, couples and families, I have offered a very safe environment for people to begin healing from relationship issues, past traumas, grief and loss, anxiety and depression, etc. I particularly work with individuals going through life transitions, healing from childhood trauma and/or abuse, divorce, adoption and addiction recovery. I utilize various therapeutic interventions, focusing on what is best for each individual. I have training in EMDR and have a trauma informed focus. I integrate mindfulness practices and somatic body work as well.
Over the past 30 plus years of providing counseling to children/adolescents, adults, couples and families, I have offered a very safe environment for people to begin healing from relationship issues, past traumas, grief and loss, anxiety and depression, etc. I particularly work with individuals going through life transitions, healing from childhood trauma and/or abuse, divorce, adoption and addiction recovery. I utilize various therapeutic interventions, focusing on what is best for each individual. I have training in EMDR and have a trauma informed focus. I integrate mindfulness practices and somatic body work as well.
![Photo of Briana Jurrema - Fresh Perspectives Counseling: Briana Jurrema, LPC, MS, EdS, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f1597b90-22e0-4265-8bc8-32f240bda6d6/2/320x400.jpeg)
Fresh Perspectives Counseling: Briana Jurrema, LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, EdS
Verified Verified
Allison Park, PA 15101
I also enjoy discussing how to implement mindfulness in a realistic way, and I help clients refresh their list of coping skills.
Welcome! I am accepting new clients for in person and virtual appointments. We all experience rough patches where we are no longer coping well with the challenges life throws at us. If you are struggling to recover from a traumatic event or have concerns about anxiety or depression, I am available to help. I also provide supportive counseling for general mental health needs and adjusting to changes in life. I see primarily adult clients, but adolescent clients are also welcome.
I also enjoy discussing how to implement mindfulness in a realistic way, and I help clients refresh their list of coping skills.
Welcome! I am accepting new clients for in person and virtual appointments. We all experience rough patches where we are no longer coping well with the challenges life throws at us. If you are struggling to recover from a traumatic event or have concerns about anxiety or depression, I am available to help. I also provide supportive counseling for general mental health needs and adjusting to changes in life. I see primarily adult clients, but adolescent clients are also welcome.
![Photo of Michelle Siegrist, MPC, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/8e459095-15cd-4656-bf85-b860b809f0c6/1/320x400.jpeg)
Michelle Siegrist
Pre-Licensed Professional, MPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Allison Park, PA 15101
I incorporate various techniques including motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioral therapies, narrative therapy, utilizing coping skills and mindfulness practices.
I trust and believe that we all possess unique abilities and strengths to help us during difficult times in our lives. I work with children, teens and adult through life transitions, events, and times of chaos. I strive to help create a collaborative therapeutic relationship with my clients, while also acknowledging they are the experts in their lives. I work with clients to heal and move towards their life goals. Our work together encourages growth and new creative outlets. I am also training as a yoga instructor and incorporate somatic healing into my therapy practice.
I incorporate various techniques including motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioral therapies, narrative therapy, utilizing coping skills and mindfulness practices.
I trust and believe that we all possess unique abilities and strengths to help us during difficult times in our lives. I work with children, teens and adult through life transitions, events, and times of chaos. I strive to help create a collaborative therapeutic relationship with my clients, while also acknowledging they are the experts in their lives. I work with clients to heal and move towards their life goals. Our work together encourages growth and new creative outlets. I am also training as a yoga instructor and incorporate somatic healing into my therapy practice.
![Photo of Rebecca Wagner, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/40682004-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
Welcome! I use a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based interventions to help my clients manage everything from day to day stressors to major life change. I have provided therapy services for over 25 years.
Welcome! I use a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based interventions to help my clients manage everything from day to day stressors to major life change. I have provided therapy services for over 25 years.
![Photo of Andrea Pottgen, MSEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/015f31ea-7785-4d9c-986d-863461449a1c/2/320x400.jpeg)
I utilize aspects from Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, cognitive processing therapy and mindfulness in my treatment approach.
"Courage is being yourself everyday in a world that tells you to be someone else."- Unknown. I strive to help clients find, foster and believe in their courage. I do my best to create a supportive and non-judgmental space so clients can feel safe and secure so they may focus on their strengths and reach their goals. My empathetic, compassionate and humorous approach to therapy allows me to utilize a variety of treatment modalities uniquely tailored to the client's needs and goals.
I utilize aspects from Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, cognitive processing therapy and mindfulness in my treatment approach.
"Courage is being yourself everyday in a world that tells you to be someone else."- Unknown. I strive to help clients find, foster and believe in their courage. I do my best to create a supportive and non-judgmental space so clients can feel safe and secure so they may focus on their strengths and reach their goals. My empathetic, compassionate and humorous approach to therapy allows me to utilize a variety of treatment modalities uniquely tailored to the client's needs and goals.
![Photo of Catia M. Fath, MS, NCC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c190dd38-86a4-4f63-9dd4-b959cc3917b4/1/320x400.jpeg)
Catia M. Fath
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Allison Park, PA 15101
With new mindfulness, the individual is empowered by learning to become more fully aware of developing feelings and thoughts without attaching a reaction.
I am committed to guiding individuals toward inspired changes in a safe place without judgment. For over twenty years I've helped individuals with anxiety, depression, personality concerns, and relationship concerns. Each of us has unique needs, but can find new mindfulness and empowering self-awareness. Mindfulness can be a state of liberating awareness and also an active practice. It can promote psychological flexibility, a return to the present moment and the resolving of complex trauma-related problems. In the words of Clarice Lispector, "Life is for anyone who is brave enough to risk and humble enough to learn."
With new mindfulness, the individual is empowered by learning to become more fully aware of developing feelings and thoughts without attaching a reaction.
I am committed to guiding individuals toward inspired changes in a safe place without judgment. For over twenty years I've helped individuals with anxiety, depression, personality concerns, and relationship concerns. Each of us has unique needs, but can find new mindfulness and empowering self-awareness. Mindfulness can be a state of liberating awareness and also an active practice. It can promote psychological flexibility, a return to the present moment and the resolving of complex trauma-related problems. In the words of Clarice Lispector, "Life is for anyone who is brave enough to risk and humble enough to learn."
![Photo of Katie O'Connor, MA, LPC, ATR-BC, CCLS, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/69ec0337-8a43-48f7-a0d4-3c00da9f8c48/1/320x400.jpeg)
Katie O'Connor
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, ATR-BC, CCLS
Verified Verified
Allison Park, PA 15101
Welcome! Taking the first step in seeking therapy can be daunting, so I am glad you're here. The ups and downs of life can be complicated, unpredictable and challenging to navigate so I believe finding a therapist shouldn't be. I strive to meet my clients where they're at in their own process, to be transparent, to design individualized goals, and to support clients navigating life's challenges through a creative, compassionate, and collaborative approach to therapy.
Welcome! Taking the first step in seeking therapy can be daunting, so I am glad you're here. The ups and downs of life can be complicated, unpredictable and challenging to navigate so I believe finding a therapist shouldn't be. I strive to meet my clients where they're at in their own process, to be transparent, to design individualized goals, and to support clients navigating life's challenges through a creative, compassionate, and collaborative approach to therapy.
![Photo of Kelly O'Connell, LPC, CAADC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/2f84214c-1ddb-4a9f-96a7-fb1d7867949a/1/320x400.jpeg)
Kelly O'Connell
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CAADC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Allison Park, PA 15101
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and Certified Advanced Alcohol and Drug Counselor. I earned my Masters of Science in Professional Counseling from Carlow University in 2012 after starting as a Counselor Aide in 2010 in a long-term intensive inpatient drug and alcohol and mental health treatment facility. I have experience in outpatient, inpatient, and halfway house settings. With over 14 years of experience. I am have the ability to build rapport with her clients quickly. I offers a non-judgmental space where the client is met with unconditional positive regard to help them feel free to be themselves.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and Certified Advanced Alcohol and Drug Counselor. I earned my Masters of Science in Professional Counseling from Carlow University in 2012 after starting as a Counselor Aide in 2010 in a long-term intensive inpatient drug and alcohol and mental health treatment facility. I have experience in outpatient, inpatient, and halfway house settings. With over 14 years of experience. I am have the ability to build rapport with her clients quickly. I offers a non-judgmental space where the client is met with unconditional positive regard to help them feel free to be themselves.
![Photo of Emily Cullen, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/68764c81-7962-4d70-9c18-9fa7006f1467/2/320x400.jpeg)
Emily Cullen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Allison Park, PA 15101
Welcome! Seeking therapy is a brave and strong decision. I believe in helping every part of the mind and finding solutions to problems, both big and small. I work with your current strengths and coping skills to help bring up solutions so that you can take on everyday challenges. Regardless of the obstacle you are facing, together we can find solutions and increase positive outcomes.
Welcome! Seeking therapy is a brave and strong decision. I believe in helping every part of the mind and finding solutions to problems, both big and small. I work with your current strengths and coping skills to help bring up solutions so that you can take on everyday challenges. Regardless of the obstacle you are facing, together we can find solutions and increase positive outcomes.
![Photo of Jennifer Lynne DeLosa, MSCP, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/671aa461-771a-4a11-aef9-46ae47f695e1/1/320x400.jpeg)
Jennifer Lynne DeLosa
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSCP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Allison Park, PA 15101
I am a Trauma informed, EMDR trained associate therapist. I work with a diverse range of teen as well as adult individual clients. Helping others to be the best version of themselves is my passion in life. There is nothing more rewarding to me than seeing a client make progress. Embarking into therapy takes courage and I am inspired by my clients everyday. Their perseverance and strength always impress me and I am grateful for the opportunity to walk alongside them and possibly you on your journey. I do not take your trust for granted and I would be honored if you entrust your personal story and experiences with me.
I am a Trauma informed, EMDR trained associate therapist. I work with a diverse range of teen as well as adult individual clients. Helping others to be the best version of themselves is my passion in life. There is nothing more rewarding to me than seeing a client make progress. Embarking into therapy takes courage and I am inspired by my clients everyday. Their perseverance and strength always impress me and I am grateful for the opportunity to walk alongside them and possibly you on your journey. I do not take your trust for granted and I would be honored if you entrust your personal story and experiences with me.
![Photo of Sean Abaray - New Leaf Counseling, Consulting, Etc, LLC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ebb8e302-0e72-4662-b2d5-afefea9704ee/1/320x400.jpeg)
New Leaf Counseling, Consulting, Etc, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Allison Park, PA 15101
Through seasons of life we face many challenges, concerns, and difficulties which leave an impact on our hearts, minds, and bodies. Getting to know you, and healing is our first priority. Exploration and growth to the spaces you aspire is the next. While we all have an origin story, you are our ideal client. Our steps will setup a safe and secure atmosphere using a balance of empathy and vulnerability to aid introspection. And while we explore fit, we are very open to coordination of care, or referral to a provider you feel is your best fit. You are are priority. And your life satisfaction is our goal. Privacy and respect prioritied
Through seasons of life we face many challenges, concerns, and difficulties which leave an impact on our hearts, minds, and bodies. Getting to know you, and healing is our first priority. Exploration and growth to the spaces you aspire is the next. While we all have an origin story, you are our ideal client. Our steps will setup a safe and secure atmosphere using a balance of empathy and vulnerability to aid introspection. And while we explore fit, we are very open to coordination of care, or referral to a provider you feel is your best fit. You are are priority. And your life satisfaction is our goal. Privacy and respect prioritied
![Photo of Colette White, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/48fcde6f-6a99-4e74-a3c3-08831eea4f5d/1/320x400.jpeg)
You’re typically a hard worker, great problem-solver, and experience success in many areas. Lately, you just can’t seem to turn your mind off. You’re unusually negative, especially towards yourself, and frustrated at all you’re getting wrong. Exhausted and overwhelmed, you don't want to get out of bed. You’ve lost your sense of joy and purpose, struggling to keep up with your usual load. Has life thrown you a curveball - a major loss? Relational challenge? Crisis of faith? You now find yourself spiraling in anxiety, or depression or just feeling numb to the world, despite all that you've tried. But today you're ready to find help.
You’re typically a hard worker, great problem-solver, and experience success in many areas. Lately, you just can’t seem to turn your mind off. You’re unusually negative, especially towards yourself, and frustrated at all you’re getting wrong. Exhausted and overwhelmed, you don't want to get out of bed. You’ve lost your sense of joy and purpose, struggling to keep up with your usual load. Has life thrown you a curveball - a major loss? Relational challenge? Crisis of faith? You now find yourself spiraling in anxiety, or depression or just feeling numb to the world, despite all that you've tried. But today you're ready to find help.
![Photo of Michelle White, LSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4c4c9860-ba53-4d62-b766-89894955c717/1/320x400.jpeg)
Michelle White
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW, MSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Allison Park, PA 15101
Therapy provides a space for safe exploration, connection and expressive development. My younger clients might be working to better communicate their needs or process trauma in non-verbal ways. They may be gaining the cognitive skills to work through anxiety and depression to better thrive in social settings. They might even be teens or adults searching for affirmation and nurturing of their inner child, which I support through guided talk therapy and encouraging new creative outlets.
Therapy provides a space for safe exploration, connection and expressive development. My younger clients might be working to better communicate their needs or process trauma in non-verbal ways. They may be gaining the cognitive skills to work through anxiety and depression to better thrive in social settings. They might even be teens or adults searching for affirmation and nurturing of their inner child, which I support through guided talk therapy and encouraging new creative outlets.
![Photo of Erin Donnelly, PsyD, MEd, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/50089881-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
Erin Donnelly
Psychologist, PsyD, MEd
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Allison Park, PA 15101 (Online Only)
Each of us is a complex product of our past and present environments and experiences. Generally, we act or cope in ways that are adaptive or necessary under given circumstances. When our default methods of coping are no longer effective or our circumstances change, we begin experiencing distress in specific realms of our lives. This distress might manifest as anxiety, depression, anger, pain, relationship or sexual difficulties, social isolation, declining performance and/or impairment in daily functioning. As there is an undeniable connection between our psychological and physical wellbeing, I approach treatment in an integrative, collaborative and personality-based manner.
Each of us is a complex product of our past and present environments and experiences. Generally, we act or cope in ways that are adaptive or necessary under given circumstances. When our default methods of coping are no longer effective or our circumstances change, we begin experiencing distress in specific realms of our lives. This distress might manifest as anxiety, depression, anger, pain, relationship or sexual difficulties, social isolation, declining performance and/or impairment in daily functioning. As there is an undeniable connection between our psychological and physical wellbeing, I approach treatment in an integrative, collaborative and personality-based manner.
![Photo of Gale Ann Foster, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3ce36d72-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
Individuals are doing the best that they can at any given moment, and they can and want to do better. I offer clients a safe place to explore the issues that brought them to my door in a nonjudgmental environment and to learn how to take care of their emotional health. They will learn how thoughts, feelings and behaviors are connected, how to manage their emotions, and how to tolerate the distress that life changes bring.
Individuals are doing the best that they can at any given moment, and they can and want to do better. I offer clients a safe place to explore the issues that brought them to my door in a nonjudgmental environment and to learn how to take care of their emotional health. They will learn how thoughts, feelings and behaviors are connected, how to manage their emotions, and how to tolerate the distress that life changes bring.
![Photo of Avi Diamond, MA, NCC, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ec4275ad-ed8e-4e28-b083-da9c8ee0f018/1/320x400.jpeg)
Now accepting new clients Feeling stuck or overwhelmed? Are you feeling unheard in your relationship? Do you struggle with understanding or expressing your gender identity and/or sexuality? Many of my clients are individuals who are frustrated with cycles that are no longer working for them and are looking for a guide to hold them accountable in reaching their goals.
Now accepting new clients Feeling stuck or overwhelmed? Are you feeling unheard in your relationship? Do you struggle with understanding or expressing your gender identity and/or sexuality? Many of my clients are individuals who are frustrated with cycles that are no longer working for them and are looking for a guide to hold them accountable in reaching their goals.
![Photo of Krista Kelly, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/96423e9c-0935-46a8-8881-ed1a56d9dccb/2/320x400.jpeg)
Krista Kelly
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Allison Park, PA 15101
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! I’m Krista Kelly. I am a licensed professional counselor that believes there is no one-size fits all therapeutic approach. I offer a person-centered lens, meeting you exactly where you are in your unique life experience to develop and work towards their individualized treatment goals. As a trained therapist, I utilize an eclectic approach in pulling from a multitude of therapeutic modalities to fit your particular needs. I offer individual therapy as well as family therapy, accepting clients ranging in age from adolescent to adults.
Welcome! I’m Krista Kelly. I am a licensed professional counselor that believes there is no one-size fits all therapeutic approach. I offer a person-centered lens, meeting you exactly where you are in your unique life experience to develop and work towards their individualized treatment goals. As a trained therapist, I utilize an eclectic approach in pulling from a multitude of therapeutic modalities to fit your particular needs. I offer individual therapy as well as family therapy, accepting clients ranging in age from adolescent to adults.
![Photo of Maureen Gides, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/6a89e0a9-412f-4f7c-9b83-f06ef26fc667/3/320x400.jpeg)
The light within me sees the light within you... Hello and welcome. I am a licensed professional counselor with 15 years of clinical service, working with teens and adults of all ages. I specialize in the treatment of depression and anxiety, with specific training in treating addiction and co-occurring disorders. I am additionally skilled in working with women and highly attuned to the unique challenges they face as adolescents and throughout the lifespan; including body image, stereotyping, domestic and dating violence, pregnancy and postpartum, motherhood, and maintaining career/family balance.
The light within me sees the light within you... Hello and welcome. I am a licensed professional counselor with 15 years of clinical service, working with teens and adults of all ages. I specialize in the treatment of depression and anxiety, with specific training in treating addiction and co-occurring disorders. I am additionally skilled in working with women and highly attuned to the unique challenges they face as adolescents and throughout the lifespan; including body image, stereotyping, domestic and dating violence, pregnancy and postpartum, motherhood, and maintaining career/family balance.
See more therapy options for Allison Park
Nearby Mindfulness-Based (MBCT) Therapists Searches for Allison Park
- Arsenal
- Aspinwall
- Cheswick
- East Liberty
- Fox Chapel
- Gibsonia
- Glenshaw
- McKnight
- Oakmont
- Shadyside
- Warrendale
- Wexford
Mindfulness-Based (MBCT) Therapists
How does mindfulness-based cognitive therapy work?
Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy originated in the work of John Kabat-Zinn of the University of Massachusetts Medical School. He developed mindfulness-based stress reduction, which is a technique found in yoga and meditation. MBCT is a combination of this type of stress reduction and cognitive behavioral therapy; it essentially quiets emotional distress through mindfulness, utilizing proper breathing and meditation. These techniques aim to bring the individual into the present moment when in a state of distress.
When do I know if I need treatment with mindfulness-based cognitive therapy?
If an individual’s mind is filled with emotional distress and general negativity, the person may feel trapped. A mindfulness-based cognitive therapist can help a person change their thinking patterns as well as their behavior through calm acceptance and compassion. This therapy can provide an individual with the coping skills needed for a healthier and more constructive life.
What should I expect from mindfulness-based cognitive therapy?
This therapy often takes place in group sessions. A therapist will work with the group as well as with each individual. Meditation and breathing exercises are core practices that aim to invite inquiry and discovery into a person’s troubled mental state. The objective is to identify and lessen negative thoughts and behaviors and move toward optimal health and productivity. The individual will see life in a more realistic way. This therapy is supportive, accepting, and warm.
Is mindfulness-based cognitive therapy effective?
Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is evidence-based and effective. One study found that people with major depressive disorder have benefitted from this type of therapy; the person accepts their distressed thoughts and also moves into healthier patterns of thinking. This therapy also aims to move an individual away from automatic negative responses. This type of therapy can bring a person lifelong change, with higher levels of satisfaction, less stress, as well as positive emotional and behavioral habits.