Therapists in Vernon, Portland, OR

Photo of Trinity Toft, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Trinity Toft
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Vernon, Portland, OR 97211
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in perinatal therapy and have recently expanded my practice to include other kinds of life transitions. Focusing on ways in which we mother our babies, ourselves, and even our creative "births," I will help guide you on the way, with the belief that you already possess everything you need for the journey.
I specialize in perinatal therapy and have recently expanded my practice to include other kinds of life transitions. Focusing on ways in which we mother our babies, ourselves, and even our creative "births," I will help guide you on the way, with the belief that you already possess everything you need for the journey.
(503) 217-6087 View (503) 217-6087
Photo of Marca Cassity, BSN, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Marca Cassity
Marriage & Family Therapist, BSN, LMFT
Verified Verified
Vernon, Portland, OR 97211  (Online Only)
Accepting Oregon based clients with Kaiser insurance only at this time. We all have a unique expression of life force energy, but at times it may seem the core self has been pummeled by trauma, loss, pain, unhealthy relationships, or life in a toxic culture. Often when trying to make change, clients find that despite being inspired, they can't do what they need to do in order to live the meaningful life they desire.
Accepting Oregon based clients with Kaiser insurance only at this time. We all have a unique expression of life force energy, but at times it may seem the core self has been pummeled by trauma, loss, pain, unhealthy relationships, or life in a toxic culture. Often when trying to make change, clients find that despite being inspired, they can't do what they need to do in order to live the meaningful life they desire.
(833) 634-6281 View (833) 634-6281
Photo of Katja Biesanz, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Katja Biesanz
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Vernon, Portland, OR 97211
I help where you are stuck -- body, story, nerves, or soul. Our difficult experiences can lodge many places. I have a big "tool chest" - from EMDR to mindfulness - to help you meet and transform what needs healing. I believe that each of us has a wholeness, no matter how hidden. I help you to contact that wholeness, in order to access your own wisdom. Together we find your unique path through to your truest self. What is waiting for you is a life of meaning and the ability to connect.
I help where you are stuck -- body, story, nerves, or soul. Our difficult experiences can lodge many places. I have a big "tool chest" - from EMDR to mindfulness - to help you meet and transform what needs healing. I believe that each of us has a wholeness, no matter how hidden. I help you to contact that wholeness, in order to access your own wisdom. Together we find your unique path through to your truest self. What is waiting for you is a life of meaning and the ability to connect.
(503) 743-8795 View (503) 743-8795
Photo of Hans Woicke, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Hans Woicke
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Vernon, Portland, OR 97211
Not accepting new clients
I approach every client's therapy journey through a strengths based lens, building on the truth that clients are resourceful and resilient in their struggle. My approach is person centered, empowering individuals to affect change in themselves, and social-justice and trauma-informed. By recognizing and respecting difference, I work with my clients to identify and achieve their goals. I have worked as a mental health therapist since 2005, with individuals and families in settings including community mental health, hospitals, schools and colleges.
I approach every client's therapy journey through a strengths based lens, building on the truth that clients are resourceful and resilient in their struggle. My approach is person centered, empowering individuals to affect change in themselves, and social-justice and trauma-informed. By recognizing and respecting difference, I work with my clients to identify and achieve their goals. I have worked as a mental health therapist since 2005, with individuals and families in settings including community mental health, hospitals, schools and colleges.
(503) 966-9770 View (503) 966-9770
Photo of Bree Koenig
Bree Koenig
Professional Counselor Associate
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vernon, Portland, OR 97211  (Online Only)
My focus is to work with adult individuals struggling with perfectionism, high sensitivity (HSPs), developmental trauma, anxiety, and depression. I provide person-centered, psychodynamic, and relational therapy for young to middle-aged adults from various backgrounds of ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender identity, and socioeconomic status.
My focus is to work with adult individuals struggling with perfectionism, high sensitivity (HSPs), developmental trauma, anxiety, and depression. I provide person-centered, psychodynamic, and relational therapy for young to middle-aged adults from various backgrounds of ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender identity, and socioeconomic status.
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Photo of Larry Venaska, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Larry Venaska
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vernon, Portland, OR 97211
Are you feeling stuck, overwhelmed or hopeless? Can't get your needs met to your satisfaction? Do you find one or more areas of your life to be unfullfilling such as romantic relationship, work, parenting, extended family? Do you have legal or financial struggles or relationship conflicts that affect your mood significantly? I draw on a variety of therapeutic approaches, experience in working with past clients and personal experience to collaborate with you in creating the best healing environment specific for you.
Are you feeling stuck, overwhelmed or hopeless? Can't get your needs met to your satisfaction? Do you find one or more areas of your life to be unfullfilling such as romantic relationship, work, parenting, extended family? Do you have legal or financial struggles or relationship conflicts that affect your mood significantly? I draw on a variety of therapeutic approaches, experience in working with past clients and personal experience to collaborate with you in creating the best healing environment specific for you.
(971) 205-2892 View (971) 205-2892
Photo of Heather Ackles - Heather Ackles LCSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Heather Ackles LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Vernon, Portland, OR 97211  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
You re-read text threads. 'Was that too much?' 'What does that mean?' You have lost faith in your ability to make decisions, fearing a repeat of past mistakes. Doubting your value and desirability, you prioritize the needs of others - and lose yourself in the process. You wonder if this will ever change and ask: "Who am I trying to be? What do I want?" Relationships (breakups, separation, dating, divorce) bring up anxiety, depression and self-judgment - affecting the relationship we have with ourselves. AND, this is an opportunity to define what’s missing, unpack who you are, and strengthen your foundation.
You re-read text threads. 'Was that too much?' 'What does that mean?' You have lost faith in your ability to make decisions, fearing a repeat of past mistakes. Doubting your value and desirability, you prioritize the needs of others - and lose yourself in the process. You wonder if this will ever change and ask: "Who am I trying to be? What do I want?" Relationships (breakups, separation, dating, divorce) bring up anxiety, depression and self-judgment - affecting the relationship we have with ourselves. AND, this is an opportunity to define what’s missing, unpack who you are, and strengthen your foundation.
(503) 498-6879 View (503) 498-6879
Photo of Madeline Harmon, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Madeline Harmon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Vernon, Portland, OR 97211
Thanks for taking a moment to consider my practice. If you're seeking therapy, I applaud you! Seeking support to navigate chaotic moments in life is not easy and is also a wonderful gift to give your self. Therapy has been an instrumental support throughout my life since I was a teenager. Through my journey I've found healing and medicine in talk therapy, yoga, herbalism, intuitive readings, nature immersion and countless writings by Black feminist authors (Alexis Pauline Gumbs, Audre Lorde, Prentice Hemphill). I'd like to offer you a space to bring both your wins and your struggles, knowing you'll receive compassionate care.
Thanks for taking a moment to consider my practice. If you're seeking therapy, I applaud you! Seeking support to navigate chaotic moments in life is not easy and is also a wonderful gift to give your self. Therapy has been an instrumental support throughout my life since I was a teenager. Through my journey I've found healing and medicine in talk therapy, yoga, herbalism, intuitive readings, nature immersion and countless writings by Black feminist authors (Alexis Pauline Gumbs, Audre Lorde, Prentice Hemphill). I'd like to offer you a space to bring both your wins and your struggles, knowing you'll receive compassionate care.
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Photo of Alana Harris, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Alana Harris
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Vernon, Portland, OR 97217  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I believe suffering is an aspect of human nature and everyone has the innate ability to tolerate and grow through difficult times, to find meaning and purpose in life. Sometimes we have to enter the paradox of pain to get relief from the pain itself. I have 9 years of experience in community clinics and have been intensively trained in CBT and DBT evidenced based treatment modalities. My goal is to help plant seeds of self-awareness to propel perspective, introspection, agency and self-fulfillment. I tailor client-centered relational and behavioral skill building techniques. I work best with folks who are motivated and intentional.
I believe suffering is an aspect of human nature and everyone has the innate ability to tolerate and grow through difficult times, to find meaning and purpose in life. Sometimes we have to enter the paradox of pain to get relief from the pain itself. I have 9 years of experience in community clinics and have been intensively trained in CBT and DBT evidenced based treatment modalities. My goal is to help plant seeds of self-awareness to propel perspective, introspection, agency and self-fulfillment. I tailor client-centered relational and behavioral skill building techniques. I work best with folks who are motivated and intentional.
(971) 365-4527 View (971) 365-4527
Photo of Dani Verbus, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dani Verbus
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Vernon, Portland, OR 97211  (Online Only)
I work to foster an affirming, therapeutic environment based in curiosity and compassion. My mission is to aid you in discovering new insights into how the past has informed the present and help you move forward to reach your goals.
I work to foster an affirming, therapeutic environment based in curiosity and compassion. My mission is to aid you in discovering new insights into how the past has informed the present and help you move forward to reach your goals.
(971) 257-6673 View (971) 257-6673
Photo of Dr. Nicholas Grier, PhD
Dr. Nicholas Grier
Professional Counselor Associate, PhD
Verified Verified
Vernon, Portland, OR 97211
I enjoy nurturing cultures of self-awareness, resistance, healing, and liberation to make flourishing possible for everyone in the human village. I work from an eclectic approach, centering the process of liberation and healing from oppressive ideologies, cultures, institutions, relationships, and other life-limiting circumstances. I believe it is important to draw from the strengths of clients and believe that health is both an individual and communal process.
I enjoy nurturing cultures of self-awareness, resistance, healing, and liberation to make flourishing possible for everyone in the human village. I work from an eclectic approach, centering the process of liberation and healing from oppressive ideologies, cultures, institutions, relationships, and other life-limiting circumstances. I believe it is important to draw from the strengths of clients and believe that health is both an individual and communal process.
(971) 306-9209 View (971) 306-9209
Photo of Colleen Moloney, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Colleen Moloney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Vernon, Portland, OR 97211
I've worked in the mental health field for over 30 years in a variety of settings and in private practice for 20 years. Currently I work with adults and couples. A primary focus of my work is centered around relationships which are both exciting and complicated.Therapy creates a safe, non-judgmental space for self reflection, connection and growth. With a sense of connection to your own values, you can make conscious and informed decisions about how you move in the world and in relationships. I see my job as helping you to discover and practice who you want to be.
I've worked in the mental health field for over 30 years in a variety of settings and in private practice for 20 years. Currently I work with adults and couples. A primary focus of my work is centered around relationships which are both exciting and complicated.Therapy creates a safe, non-judgmental space for self reflection, connection and growth. With a sense of connection to your own values, you can make conscious and informed decisions about how you move in the world and in relationships. I see my job as helping you to discover and practice who you want to be.
(971) 247-9890 View (971) 247-9890
Photo of Samuel Stem, PsyD, LPC, CADCIII, Licensed Professional Counselor
Samuel Stem
Licensed Professional Counselor, PsyD, LPC, CADCIII
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vernon, Portland, OR 97211
I am a Kink-knowledgeable, LGBTQ-friendly, insight-oriented practitioner. I work with clients concerned with substance use/abuse, self-esteem, depression, anxiety, life transitions and emotional regulation concerns. I offer an initial free consultation to help you decide if I may be a good fit, as well as a generous sliding scale. Located in NE Portland, close to public transit, with weekend and evening hours available.
I am a Kink-knowledgeable, LGBTQ-friendly, insight-oriented practitioner. I work with clients concerned with substance use/abuse, self-esteem, depression, anxiety, life transitions and emotional regulation concerns. I offer an initial free consultation to help you decide if I may be a good fit, as well as a generous sliding scale. Located in NE Portland, close to public transit, with weekend and evening hours available.
(503) 444-8917 View (503) 444-8917
Photo of Jordana Krueger-Toscher, LCSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jordana Krueger-Toscher
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Vernon, Portland, OR 97211  (Online Only)
I've specialized in helping folks through tough times for over two decades. Through a warm, down-to-earth, collaborative approach I'll partner with you to achieve your goals and find inner peace. By using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy with a focus on mindfulness and your unique strengths, I can help you understand and modify your thoughts, feelings and behaviors. My areas of expertise include managing anxiety, reducing stress around relationships, family, work and life transitions, improving self esteem, setting boundaries, living with infertility and childlessness, adults with ADHD and living with neurodiverse children and partners.
I've specialized in helping folks through tough times for over two decades. Through a warm, down-to-earth, collaborative approach I'll partner with you to achieve your goals and find inner peace. By using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy with a focus on mindfulness and your unique strengths, I can help you understand and modify your thoughts, feelings and behaviors. My areas of expertise include managing anxiety, reducing stress around relationships, family, work and life transitions, improving self esteem, setting boundaries, living with infertility and childlessness, adults with ADHD and living with neurodiverse children and partners.
(971) 248-2602 View (971) 248-2602
Photo of Rachel Hirsch, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rachel Hirsch
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Vernon, Portland, OR 97211
We all struggle at times, but shouldn’t have to deal with life’s challenges alone. That’s what counseling is for. I believe in your capacity to embrace your authentic self, heal from painful experiences, and feel better. The people I work with often struggle with self-esteem, relationships, sexuality, gender identity, communication, career, depression, anxiety, grief. Helping you feel better and understand the root of your suffering is what I am here for. I believe that understanding yourself and healing go hand-in-hand.
We all struggle at times, but shouldn’t have to deal with life’s challenges alone. That’s what counseling is for. I believe in your capacity to embrace your authentic self, heal from painful experiences, and feel better. The people I work with often struggle with self-esteem, relationships, sexuality, gender identity, communication, career, depression, anxiety, grief. Helping you feel better and understand the root of your suffering is what I am here for. I believe that understanding yourself and healing go hand-in-hand.
(503) 610-4295 View (503) 610-4295
Photo of Katherine A Costello, PhD
Katherine A Costello
PhD
Verified Verified
Vernon, Portland, OR 97211  (Online Only)
You’ve worked hard to get where you are and you are proud of what you’ve accomplished. But you don’t feel like a success. Your life might look good from the outside, but inside, part of you feels dissatisfied, unsettled, empty, lonely, anxious, trapped. I help individuals clarify and actualize what they want from their personal and professional lives.
You’ve worked hard to get where you are and you are proud of what you’ve accomplished. But you don’t feel like a success. Your life might look good from the outside, but inside, part of you feels dissatisfied, unsettled, empty, lonely, anxious, trapped. I help individuals clarify and actualize what they want from their personal and professional lives.
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Photo of Brianne H Williams, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Brianne H Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Vernon, Portland, OR 97211
Sometimes, as humans, we get wounded in ways that are so deep, they are difficult to name. Perhaps you have lost loved ones along the way, or can't find meaning in your story. Have you ever inventoried your life to discover that it is not what you want it to be? Do you feel haunted by memories? Maybe you engage in self-destructive or numbing behaviors that you wish you could change, but find that making those changes is easier said than done. My goal is to create a trustworthy space where we can work through whatever it is you bring in, on your search for healing, fulfillment, and wholeness.
Sometimes, as humans, we get wounded in ways that are so deep, they are difficult to name. Perhaps you have lost loved ones along the way, or can't find meaning in your story. Have you ever inventoried your life to discover that it is not what you want it to be? Do you feel haunted by memories? Maybe you engage in self-destructive or numbing behaviors that you wish you could change, but find that making those changes is easier said than done. My goal is to create a trustworthy space where we can work through whatever it is you bring in, on your search for healing, fulfillment, and wholeness.
(971) 233-2704 View (971) 233-2704

Online Therapists

Photo of Jordin Danielson, MS, CADC I, LPC Intern
Jordin Danielson
LPC Intern, MS, CADC I
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97232
Waitlist for new clients
My clients come with a variety of life experiences that have led them to therapy. Whether it is your first time in therapy, your fiftieth time, or you just stumbled upon this website, I encourage you to reach out. Life is hard, and there is strength in asking for help. I am a strong advocate to de-stigmatize mental health. I believe everyone has potential to reach their goals, and in my practice, I emphasize autonomy. Treatment will focus on what you want, while we work collaboratively on a plan to get there. I believe in letting you make your own decisions. Sometimes we just need a little help.
My clients come with a variety of life experiences that have led them to therapy. Whether it is your first time in therapy, your fiftieth time, or you just stumbled upon this website, I encourage you to reach out. Life is hard, and there is strength in asking for help. I am a strong advocate to de-stigmatize mental health. I believe everyone has potential to reach their goals, and in my practice, I emphasize autonomy. Treatment will focus on what you want, while we work collaboratively on a plan to get there. I believe in letting you make your own decisions. Sometimes we just need a little help.
(971) 260-4804 View (971) 260-4804
Photo of Marie Duff - Helloship, LLC (Marie Duff), LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Helloship, LLC (Marie Duff)
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97236  (Online Only)
You’re doing your best given your circumstances, awareness, & resources. Growth, and a fulfilling, meaningful life is possible when the conditions work for your unique needs. If you have ADHD/Autism, relationship, medical, or identity issues, anxiety, depression, or trauma, you may want your life back- or to feel "normal” for once. From the heavy depths of despair to the bubbly heights of playfulness, what makes life absurd, beautiful, & tragic will be acknowledged, not ignored. “Weird” celebrated, not shamed. I’ll help you embrace the unknown, adapt to change, & move forward.
You’re doing your best given your circumstances, awareness, & resources. Growth, and a fulfilling, meaningful life is possible when the conditions work for your unique needs. If you have ADHD/Autism, relationship, medical, or identity issues, anxiety, depression, or trauma, you may want your life back- or to feel "normal” for once. From the heavy depths of despair to the bubbly heights of playfulness, what makes life absurd, beautiful, & tragic will be acknowledged, not ignored. “Weird” celebrated, not shamed. I’ll help you embrace the unknown, adapt to change, & move forward.
(541) 588-5378 View (541) 588-5378
Photo of Lucas A. Klein, PhD, Psychologist
Lucas A. Klein
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97223  (Online Only)
I provide useful and in-depth psychotherapy in Oregon, California, New York, & Connecticut. People are in a constant developmental process, whereby symptoms are signs of ongoing struggles to sort through past experiences while organizing oneself in present living. Depression, anxiety, & personality traits are markers of this process. Therapy with me would seek to aid in your understanding of how & why you live the way you do, and hopefully lead to change. My hope is that we can find a way for you to live more fully and for problems to be comprehensively understood, formulated and articulated, and resolved in a sustained way.
I provide useful and in-depth psychotherapy in Oregon, California, New York, & Connecticut. People are in a constant developmental process, whereby symptoms are signs of ongoing struggles to sort through past experiences while organizing oneself in present living. Depression, anxiety, & personality traits are markers of this process. Therapy with me would seek to aid in your understanding of how & why you live the way you do, and hopefully lead to change. My hope is that we can find a way for you to live more fully and for problems to be comprehensively understood, formulated and articulated, and resolved in a sustained way.
(503) 208-7881 View (503) 208-7881

See more therapy options for Vernon, Portland

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Vernon, Portland, OR

10+

Average cost per session

$182

Therapists in Vernon, Portland, OR who prioritize treating:

88% Anxiety
82% Self Esteem
76% Relationship Issues
76% Depression
76% Grief
71% Trauma and PTSD
71% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

58% Aetna
58% PacificSource
42% Oregon Health Plan (OHP)

How Therapists in Vernon, Portland, OR see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

63% Female
25% Male
12% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Vernon, Portland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.