Relationship Issues Therapists in Irvington, Portland, OR

Photo of Douglas Fogel, PsyD, Psychologist
Douglas Fogel
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Irvington, Portland, OR 97232
Most of my clients are wrestling with some combination of anxiety, depression, and relationship problems. In addition, they are often struggling to figure out what in life is most meaningful and important for them. With other clients, their life goals and values may be clear, but they find themselves running into psychological barriers such as fear and avoidance. In an ideal world I would want all my clients to be able to say that they have never felt more understood and, simultaneously, that they have never felt more challenged -- always in a safe and respectful environment.
Most of my clients are wrestling with some combination of anxiety, depression, and relationship problems. In addition, they are often struggling to figure out what in life is most meaningful and important for them. With other clients, their life goals and values may be clear, but they find themselves running into psychological barriers such as fear and avoidance. In an ideal world I would want all my clients to be able to say that they have never felt more understood and, simultaneously, that they have never felt more challenged -- always in a safe and respectful environment.
(971) 290-4812 View (971) 290-4812
Photo of Ross Cohen, MA, LPC, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ross Cohen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Irvington, Portland, OR 97232  (Online Only)
Curious about EMDR Therapy? EMDR is extensively researched, highly effective, and recommended by organizations such as the APA, WHO, and DoD. In fact, over the last 33 years, millions have been successfully treated with EMDR by over 100,000 clinicians worldwide. EMDR is commonly effective with anxiety, relationship struggles, grief, depression, fears, phobias, panic, trauma, sleep issues, addictions, and performance challenges. What makes EMDR so powerful is how effectively it turns on the brain’s natural healing process, allowing for deep release of the painful past thoughts and wounds that keep you stuck in old, negative patterns.
Curious about EMDR Therapy? EMDR is extensively researched, highly effective, and recommended by organizations such as the APA, WHO, and DoD. In fact, over the last 33 years, millions have been successfully treated with EMDR by over 100,000 clinicians worldwide. EMDR is commonly effective with anxiety, relationship struggles, grief, depression, fears, phobias, panic, trauma, sleep issues, addictions, and performance challenges. What makes EMDR so powerful is how effectively it turns on the brain’s natural healing process, allowing for deep release of the painful past thoughts and wounds that keep you stuck in old, negative patterns.
(503) 433-8545 View (503) 433-8545
Photo of Colette Cottrill, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Colette Cottrill
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Irvington, Portland, OR 97232  (Online Only)
Moving Through Uncertainty To Rediscover Peace: Hi, I'm Colette. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in Portland, Oregon. I specialize in grief/loss and anxiety, and also help people with depression, addictive behaviors and individuals who experience an unhealthy relationship with food. I know first hand the emotional and mental toll that the death of a loved one can take, and the many ways in which anxiety can leave one feeling stuck and isolated. ​​​My practice is all about helping my clients rediscover their place of peace.
Moving Through Uncertainty To Rediscover Peace: Hi, I'm Colette. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in Portland, Oregon. I specialize in grief/loss and anxiety, and also help people with depression, addictive behaviors and individuals who experience an unhealthy relationship with food. I know first hand the emotional and mental toll that the death of a loved one can take, and the many ways in which anxiety can leave one feeling stuck and isolated. ​​​My practice is all about helping my clients rediscover their place of peace.
(503) 782-7086 View (503) 782-7086
Photo of Anna Esko, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Anna Esko
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Irvington, Portland, OR 97212  (Online Only)
Sometimes our identities can revolve around our traumatic experiences, relationship patterns, life transitions and how these experiences can affect overall well-being and mental health harmony.
My approach begins with where you are feeling emotionally or physically stuck. We can feel tethered to the past, unsure about the future and not fully present in the now. I work with adults (18+) who are struggling with their identities within their personal beliefs, their relationships and our adapting environment. I will support you in building your understanding of your sense of self, explore your personal/professional boundaries and how that has impacted your relationships, learn your personal power of communication and work to have you be seen, heard and feeling safe in all areas of your life.
Sometimes our identities can revolve around our traumatic experiences, relationship patterns, life transitions and how these experiences can affect overall well-being and mental health harmony.
My approach begins with where you are feeling emotionally or physically stuck. We can feel tethered to the past, unsure about the future and not fully present in the now. I work with adults (18+) who are struggling with their identities within their personal beliefs, their relationships and our adapting environment. I will support you in building your understanding of your sense of self, explore your personal/professional boundaries and how that has impacted your relationships, learn your personal power of communication and work to have you be seen, heard and feeling safe in all areas of your life.
(458) 224-8703 View (458) 224-8703
Photo of Laura La Rosa, MA, MSW , LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Laura La Rosa
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW , LCSW
Verified Verified
Irvington, Portland, OR 97232
I believe the therapist/client relationship is the primary inspiration to healing.
You may be an adult who is empowered in some areas but stuck in others or you may be someone struggling to find meaning in your life. Who ever you are, you are the navigator of your life. Your personal narrative is front and center and you decide what isn't working. Together we will dis-empower the stories in your life that no longer serve you and craft the narrative that is most affirming of who you are or who you want to be.
I believe the therapist/client relationship is the primary inspiration to healing.
You may be an adult who is empowered in some areas but stuck in others or you may be someone struggling to find meaning in your life. Who ever you are, you are the navigator of your life. Your personal narrative is front and center and you decide what isn't working. Together we will dis-empower the stories in your life that no longer serve you and craft the narrative that is most affirming of who you are or who you want to be.
(971) 283-7112 View (971) 283-7112
Photo of Steven M Cohn - Marriage and Relationship Counseling, PhD, LMFT, MA, MBA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Marriage and Relationship Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT, MA, MBA
Verified Verified
Irvington, Portland, OR 97232
I have completed both Masters and PhD Level training in Relationship and Sex Counseling and Post-Doctoral training with Drs.
Hello, my name is Steven Cohn. Since the onset of Covid 19 I am currently conducting all of my couples sessions via teleconferencing. I meet with couples who live anywhere in Oregon, including Bend, Eugene, and Ashland. My clients are reporting that our online sessions feel just as meaningful and productive as our in-office sessions. If love, intimacy, and passion has faded from your relationship, then I'm here to help. Poor communications, financial problems, low sexual desire, blending a family, child rearing, an affair, in-laws, and/or health concerns can slowly erode relationship vitality in even the most loving unions.
I have completed both Masters and PhD Level training in Relationship and Sex Counseling and Post-Doctoral training with Drs.
Hello, my name is Steven Cohn. Since the onset of Covid 19 I am currently conducting all of my couples sessions via teleconferencing. I meet with couples who live anywhere in Oregon, including Bend, Eugene, and Ashland. My clients are reporting that our online sessions feel just as meaningful and productive as our in-office sessions. If love, intimacy, and passion has faded from your relationship, then I'm here to help. Poor communications, financial problems, low sexual desire, blending a family, child rearing, an affair, in-laws, and/or health concerns can slowly erode relationship vitality in even the most loving unions.
(503) 610-5372 View (503) 610-5372
Photo of Scott Vignola, MSW, LCSW, YT200, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Scott Vignola
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, YT200
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Irvington, Portland, OR 97232
I provide a dynamic, somatic, and experiential psychodynamic psychotherapy aiming to process emotions, identify and alter unrecognized relationship patterns, and unmask underlying perspectives.
If your aims include greater insight and agency, while immersed in a new relationship experience that highlights patterns you may be unaware of, then a psychodynamic relational therapy may be ideal for you. You experience symptom relief as the process of treatment deepens: anxiety and depression, interpersonal conflict, these transform, opening new possibilities for your life. We highlight your sense of self and how your self-expression manifests, while illuminating the relational cycles you repeat with yourself, others, and through habits, as you develop a new capacity to understand and influence these aspects of your life.
I provide a dynamic, somatic, and experiential psychodynamic psychotherapy aiming to process emotions, identify and alter unrecognized relationship patterns, and unmask underlying perspectives.
If your aims include greater insight and agency, while immersed in a new relationship experience that highlights patterns you may be unaware of, then a psychodynamic relational therapy may be ideal for you. You experience symptom relief as the process of treatment deepens: anxiety and depression, interpersonal conflict, these transform, opening new possibilities for your life. We highlight your sense of self and how your self-expression manifests, while illuminating the relational cycles you repeat with yourself, others, and through habits, as you develop a new capacity to understand and influence these aspects of your life.
(503) 455-7826 View (503) 455-7826
Photo of Brynna Sibilla, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brynna Sibilla
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Irvington, Portland, OR 97232
Waitlist for new clients
I have been in practice since 1994 and know that change, growth and healing is possible in the context of a therapeutic relationship. My style is safe, warm and straightforward. We will increase your access to and awareness of underlying beliefs and heighten your ability to tune into and better meet your own needs. You will learn to better tolerate your emotions and bodily sensations, developing an enhanced ability to healthfully soothe yourself. You will cultivate greater courage, clarity and flexibility. My clients create relationships with greater intimacy and become more consistently authentic, creative and effective.
I have been in practice since 1994 and know that change, growth and healing is possible in the context of a therapeutic relationship. My style is safe, warm and straightforward. We will increase your access to and awareness of underlying beliefs and heighten your ability to tune into and better meet your own needs. You will learn to better tolerate your emotions and bodily sensations, developing an enhanced ability to healthfully soothe yourself. You will cultivate greater courage, clarity and flexibility. My clients create relationships with greater intimacy and become more consistently authentic, creative and effective.
(971) 236-5258 View (971) 236-5258
Photo of Kristine Zappa, MA, LPC, R-DMT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kristine Zappa
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, R-DMT
Verified Verified
Irvington, Portland, OR 97212  (Online Only)
My approach starts with a belief that healing happens within a safe, compassionate, non-judgmental relationship.
As a somatic, trauma-informed, and person-centered therapist, I take a holistic approach to therapy. My clients tend to have a history of complex trauma that impacts both their relationships with others and their relationship with themselves. I'll support you in uncovering underlying patterns and finding relief from experiences such as relationship issues, depression, anxiety, and feelings of low self-worth, as well as help you move through life with patterns that feel more aligned with your goals. From a somatic perspective, I safely incorporate body awareness on the path towards greater self-confidence and empowerment.
My approach starts with a belief that healing happens within a safe, compassionate, non-judgmental relationship.
As a somatic, trauma-informed, and person-centered therapist, I take a holistic approach to therapy. My clients tend to have a history of complex trauma that impacts both their relationships with others and their relationship with themselves. I'll support you in uncovering underlying patterns and finding relief from experiences such as relationship issues, depression, anxiety, and feelings of low self-worth, as well as help you move through life with patterns that feel more aligned with your goals. From a somatic perspective, I safely incorporate body awareness on the path towards greater self-confidence and empowerment.
(612) 778-4084 View (612) 778-4084
Photo of Angela Guerrero Chapin, MEd, LPC, RYT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Angela Guerrero Chapin
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, RYT
Verified Verified
Irvington, Portland, OR 97232
Do you feel as though you are your own worst enemy? When in the midst of a problem or stressful situation, does it seem like you make matters worse by being self-critical or saying self-defeating things to yourself? When we are going through something painful or difficult to accept, our internal dialogue sometimes becomes judgmental and self-critical, causing us to feel overwhelmed and doubt our ability to manage things on our own. Often we do not notice how the relationship we have with ourselves affects our ability to cope, solve problems, and live the life we want.
Do you feel as though you are your own worst enemy? When in the midst of a problem or stressful situation, does it seem like you make matters worse by being self-critical or saying self-defeating things to yourself? When we are going through something painful or difficult to accept, our internal dialogue sometimes becomes judgmental and self-critical, causing us to feel overwhelmed and doubt our ability to manage things on our own. Often we do not notice how the relationship we have with ourselves affects our ability to cope, solve problems, and live the life we want.
(971) 351-4376 View (971) 351-4376
Photo of Laura Park, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Laura Park
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Irvington, Portland, OR 97232
In addition to knowledge of individual therapy, relationship issues and family dynamics, I have over 40 years of experience in meditation practices and additional experience working with The Spiritual Emergence Network and spiritual seekers.
It may not be easy to begin seeing a therapist, particularly if you are dealing with a difficult transition, relationship problem, grief, anxiety or depression. I strive to offer a safe, accepting, and respectful environment for addressing your issues. I will support you in discovering your own strengths, wisdom and inner resources and can offer tools for coping, growth and change, learned through over 20 years of clinical practice, and my own life experience. I believe in a collaborative process in which we can identify your goals, work through challenges, and create a plan for change.
In addition to knowledge of individual therapy, relationship issues and family dynamics, I have over 40 years of experience in meditation practices and additional experience working with The Spiritual Emergence Network and spiritual seekers.
It may not be easy to begin seeing a therapist, particularly if you are dealing with a difficult transition, relationship problem, grief, anxiety or depression. I strive to offer a safe, accepting, and respectful environment for addressing your issues. I will support you in discovering your own strengths, wisdom and inner resources and can offer tools for coping, growth and change, learned through over 20 years of clinical practice, and my own life experience. I believe in a collaborative process in which we can identify your goals, work through challenges, and create a plan for change.
(503) 406-1651 View (503) 406-1651
Photo of Nicole Rose, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nicole Rose
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Irvington, Portland, OR 97232  (Online Only)
I offer a culturally sensitive, relationship-based, and trauma informed approach to safely instill confidence in one's self and identity.
I know and believe that healing can be achieved as it has in my own life. With this knowledge, I seek to provide a safe and non-judgmental environment for my clients to begin their healing journey.
I offer a culturally sensitive, relationship-based, and trauma informed approach to safely instill confidence in one's self and identity.
I know and believe that healing can be achieved as it has in my own life. With this knowledge, I seek to provide a safe and non-judgmental environment for my clients to begin their healing journey.
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Photo of Cassandra Gardner, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Cassandra Gardner
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Irvington, Portland, OR 97212  (Online Only)
When working with clients I prioritize the therapeutic relationship. We become a team working toward your goals, and I place significant value on honesty, authenticity, humor, compassion, validation, and accountability into our work together. Since starting my counseling practice I have worked with people of all ages and backgrounds experiencing various challenges including but not limited to anxiety, depression, OCD, trauma, gender dysphoria, grief, interpersonal issues, life transitions, adoption, self-esteem, bipolar II disorder, and more.
When working with clients I prioritize the therapeutic relationship. We become a team working toward your goals, and I place significant value on honesty, authenticity, humor, compassion, validation, and accountability into our work together. Since starting my counseling practice I have worked with people of all ages and backgrounds experiencing various challenges including but not limited to anxiety, depression, OCD, trauma, gender dysphoria, grief, interpersonal issues, life transitions, adoption, self-esteem, bipolar II disorder, and more.
(503) 966-8721 View (503) 966-8721
Photo of Kim Conrow, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kim Conrow
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Irvington, Portland, OR 97232
My career as a licensed professional counselor, Lewis & Clark adjunct faculty member, and clinical supervisor, have allowed me to help clients set achievable goals with realistic objectives. I understand the challenges of transition and the importance of navigating change while remaining true to one's personal core values. My work has centered on eating disorders, addiction, depression/anxiety and divorce/ relationship recovery. By providing a safe place for healing and growth, clients will begin to understand that opposing feelings are often a normal part of the recovery process. My hope is to support you as you awaken to the miraculous.
My career as a licensed professional counselor, Lewis & Clark adjunct faculty member, and clinical supervisor, have allowed me to help clients set achievable goals with realistic objectives. I understand the challenges of transition and the importance of navigating change while remaining true to one's personal core values. My work has centered on eating disorders, addiction, depression/anxiety and divorce/ relationship recovery. By providing a safe place for healing and growth, clients will begin to understand that opposing feelings are often a normal part of the recovery process. My hope is to support you as you awaken to the miraculous.
(503) 917-3524 View (503) 917-3524
Photo of Kristin Tebow, MS, LPC, LMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kristin Tebow
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
Irvington, Portland, OR 97212  (Online Only)
While there is no one-size-fits-all approach, together, we will find a unique combination of strategies that work for you, and may include: cognitive-behavioral therapy, strengths-based approaches, attachment therapy, EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing), relationship therapy, and supportive therapy.
Welcome! Summit Wellness PDX is mental health therapy with a mission to serve individuals experiencing mood disorders, attachment difficulties, difficult life experiences, anxiety, grief and loss, women's issues, LGBTQI, confusion, relationship difficulties, feeling stuck in life, and those looking for growth and development. What I find most gratifying in my work is seeing clients feeling empowered to improve their own lives until they no longer need my help. This is the place for people, like you, seeking strategies and skills that enable you to go beyond surviving the day-to-day, to discover yourself in a new way.
While there is no one-size-fits-all approach, together, we will find a unique combination of strategies that work for you, and may include: cognitive-behavioral therapy, strengths-based approaches, attachment therapy, EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing), relationship therapy, and supportive therapy.
Welcome! Summit Wellness PDX is mental health therapy with a mission to serve individuals experiencing mood disorders, attachment difficulties, difficult life experiences, anxiety, grief and loss, women's issues, LGBTQI, confusion, relationship difficulties, feeling stuck in life, and those looking for growth and development. What I find most gratifying in my work is seeing clients feeling empowered to improve their own lives until they no longer need my help. This is the place for people, like you, seeking strategies and skills that enable you to go beyond surviving the day-to-day, to discover yourself in a new way.
(503) 461-7381 View (503) 461-7381
Photo of Nate Wilson-Traisman, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Nate Wilson-Traisman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Irvington, Portland, OR 97212
I love working with adolescents, adult individuals, and families. I enjoy helping teens and families navigate the changes of adolescence, while working to engage parents around their teenager's change process. While adolescence can challenge families, it's also a developmental phase filled with exciting and inspiring change. My work with adults often focuses on relationship issues, anxiety, stress management, and issues related to emotional expression. I work well with adults who are motivated to change behavior, and are wanting some extra help. My clients appreciate my grounded presence, and my strengths-based approach.
I love working with adolescents, adult individuals, and families. I enjoy helping teens and families navigate the changes of adolescence, while working to engage parents around their teenager's change process. While adolescence can challenge families, it's also a developmental phase filled with exciting and inspiring change. My work with adults often focuses on relationship issues, anxiety, stress management, and issues related to emotional expression. I work well with adults who are motivated to change behavior, and are wanting some extra help. My clients appreciate my grounded presence, and my strengths-based approach.
(503) 549-4841 View (503) 549-4841
Photo of Aaron L Good, MS, CRC, LPC, CCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Aaron L Good
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, CRC, LPC, CCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Irvington, Portland, OR 97212  (Online Only)
Are you looking to deepen intimacy in your relationship, overcome conflict, or simply communicate better? We can work as a team to find what's working in your relationship and build on that while overcoming the barriers to satisfaction.
I provide mental health and career counseling to individuals and couples dealing with life's challenges. Do you want to understand more about yourself, about your identity, about the way the patterns you've learned in the past might no longer be serving you? Do you deal with the challenges of depression, anxiety, guilt, past trauma, and grief or loss? Come on in and we can explore all of it in a supportive environment.
Are you looking to deepen intimacy in your relationship, overcome conflict, or simply communicate better? We can work as a team to find what's working in your relationship and build on that while overcoming the barriers to satisfaction.
I provide mental health and career counseling to individuals and couples dealing with life's challenges. Do you want to understand more about yourself, about your identity, about the way the patterns you've learned in the past might no longer be serving you? Do you deal with the challenges of depression, anxiety, guilt, past trauma, and grief or loss? Come on in and we can explore all of it in a supportive environment.
(503) 743-0629 View (503) 743-0629
Photo of Cassie Porter, MS
Cassie Porter
MS
Verified Verified
Irvington, Portland, OR 97212
I specialize in depression and trauma recovery, relationship and intimacy work, sexual wellness and personal growth and evolution.
Now Accepting New Clients for In-Person Integrative Therapy. Trauma and depression can leave us immobilized, fragmented, and disconnected from our core aliveness. I am here to support you in finding a path toward wholeness and your most vibrant, authentic and embodied way of being. Together we will bring conscious attention and care to the many facets of you- body, mind, spirit, emotions, relationships- to support you in moving toward what you desire.
I specialize in depression and trauma recovery, relationship and intimacy work, sexual wellness and personal growth and evolution.
Now Accepting New Clients for In-Person Integrative Therapy. Trauma and depression can leave us immobilized, fragmented, and disconnected from our core aliveness. I am here to support you in finding a path toward wholeness and your most vibrant, authentic and embodied way of being. Together we will bring conscious attention and care to the many facets of you- body, mind, spirit, emotions, relationships- to support you in moving toward what you desire.
(503) 563-2495 View (503) 563-2495
Photo of Dr. Marcy Cole, LCSW, PhD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dr. Marcy Cole
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PhD
Verified Verified
Irvington, Portland, OR 97212  (Online Only)
Are you feeling unsatisfied, stressed, and struggling with where you are in your life... in your relationships, your career, or with yourself? If so, keep reading. Once you commit yourself to finding your way out of that old struggle, there's only one way up...finding relief, healing and greater fulfillment. This self-discovery process will help you heal what needs healing, find your clarity, regain your faith, and rock your power to live a joyful life...which is your birthright! There is no greater investment than focusing on how to achieve what your true heart desires.
Are you feeling unsatisfied, stressed, and struggling with where you are in your life... in your relationships, your career, or with yourself? If so, keep reading. Once you commit yourself to finding your way out of that old struggle, there's only one way up...finding relief, healing and greater fulfillment. This self-discovery process will help you heal what needs healing, find your clarity, regain your faith, and rock your power to live a joyful life...which is your birthright! There is no greater investment than focusing on how to achieve what your true heart desires.
(310) 916-9918 View (310) 916-9918
Photo of Jerry Woodards, LCSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jerry Woodards
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Irvington, Portland, OR 97232  (Online Only)
Are you ready to live a better you? You are taking the first step in attaining peace-of-mind, I respect and applaud you for doing so. I have a Masters degree in Social Work from Portland State University and over 40 years of experience working as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I began my private practice, Pathways to Peace Therapy, over 20 years ago, while also working in community mental health and E.R. crisis intervention for over 15 years. In 2014, I also began working with OCD patients. Working in various mental health settings has been invaluable in providing tools to bring to my clients individual needs and goals.
Are you ready to live a better you? You are taking the first step in attaining peace-of-mind, I respect and applaud you for doing so. I have a Masters degree in Social Work from Portland State University and over 40 years of experience working as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I began my private practice, Pathways to Peace Therapy, over 20 years ago, while also working in community mental health and E.R. crisis intervention for over 15 years. In 2014, I also began working with OCD patients. Working in various mental health settings has been invaluable in providing tools to bring to my clients individual needs and goals.
(503) 436-6541 View (503) 436-6541
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Relationship Issues Therapists
While need for human connection appears to be innate, the ability to form healthy, loving relationships is learned. Some evidence suggests that the ability to form a stable relationship starts to form in infancy, in a child's earliest experiences with a caregiver who reliably meets the infant's needs for food, care, warmth, protection, stimulation, and social contact. Such relationships are not destiny, but they are theorized to establish deeply ingrained patterns of relating to others. The end of a relationship, however, is often a source of great psychological anguish.